EP0103778B1 - Hammerbrecher - Google Patents

Hammerbrecher Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0103778B1
EP0103778B1 EP83108411A EP83108411A EP0103778B1 EP 0103778 B1 EP0103778 B1 EP 0103778B1 EP 83108411 A EP83108411 A EP 83108411A EP 83108411 A EP83108411 A EP 83108411A EP 0103778 B1 EP0103778 B1 EP 0103778B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
grate
outlet
hammer
rotor
grating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP83108411A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0103778A3 (en
EP0103778A2 (de
Inventor
Manfred Adolph
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Metso Lindemann GmbH
Original Assignee
Lindemann Maschinenfabrik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lindemann Maschinenfabrik GmbH filed Critical Lindemann Maschinenfabrik GmbH
Priority to AT83108411T priority Critical patent/ATE28276T1/de
Publication of EP0103778A2 publication Critical patent/EP0103778A2/de
Publication of EP0103778A3 publication Critical patent/EP0103778A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0103778B1 publication Critical patent/EP0103778B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/26—Details
    • B02C13/282—Shape or inner surface of mill-housings
    • B02C13/284—Built-in screens

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hammer crusher and to a method for its operation, in particular for crushing old material, consisting of a housing provided with a good inlet, in which a horizontally mounted hammer rotor rotates, and with an impact shaft located above the hammer rotor, which is tangential extends in the direction of rotation of the rotor, and with an outlet grate covering the impact shaft transversely to its axis as a good outlet.
  • waste material e.g. Car bodies and sheet metal scrap with hammer breakers
  • the structural change in crude steel production processes means that scrap trade places ever higher quality requirements on the processed scrap.
  • scrap trade there is also a tendency in scrap trade to demand differently defined piece sizes and densities of the processed material in accordance with the intended purpose of the old scrap.
  • Hammer crushers are preferably used to process old scrap.
  • a hammer crusher of the type mentioned is known from DE-PS 1 272091. With this hammer crusher, the shredded scrap is shredded by swinging impact hammers, which are attached to a rotor rotating at high speed and strike against - anvils arranged at a distance from the impact circle of the hammers. The free end of each hammer strikes a resilient blow on the material to be shredded within the housing and cuts, tears and shreds it. In this way, for example, a car body or another voluminous sheet metal part is divided into a number of small pieces, which are further reduced in size and compressed by the blows of the hammers.
  • the comminuted material is then thrown off by the hammer rotor or by the hammers directly in the direction of an exchangeable classification grate which covers a shaft located above the hammer rotor and in alignment with a shaft running tangentially to the breaking tools. Due to the impact of the pieces on the walls of the impact shaft and, if necessary, on the classifying grate, the material pre-compressed by the impact hammers undergoes additional compression, so that, for example, fist-sized «nuggets» of high density are created.
  • the piece size and density of the material supplied can be changed as far as possible.
  • the impact duct plays an important role. Pieces of scrap that do not hit the grate and pieces that hit the grate but, due to their shape and size, their low mass and insufficient kinetic energy, may cannot pass fall back into the baffle and partially collide with the oncoming material thrown up by the impact hammers or they are thrown against the baffle walls and experience an additional compression due to the impact.
  • Pieces of scrap that are not sufficiently compacted in the impact shaft to pass through the grate openings are further crushed by the impact hammers on the anvil edge at the material inlet and, after this process may have taken place. repeated several times, ejected through the grate.
  • This known hammer crusher essentially works satisfactorily.
  • the hammer crusher After commissioning the hammer crusher or after changing the tool, the hammer crusher initially works with relatively sharp crushing tools.
  • new sharp-edged crushing tools comparatively small-sized material of approximately the same size is first continuously separated from the material fed in, so that A constant amount of material with a defined piece size is fed into the outlet grate at the top, which passes through the grate without any build-up of dust.
  • shredded and worn-out crushing tools only separate or tear off large, coarse pieces from the material to be processed, which are only brought to the required size after repeated circulation in the hammer crusher and repeated compression on the walls of the impact chute and the grate bars of the classifying grate to be able to pass through the grate openings.
  • the invention is based on the object of improving the hammer crusher mentioned at the outset in such a way that it can process materials of different properties to a specific predetermined piece size with the least possible expenditure of energy and time and the size of the pieces corresponding to a certain degree of efficiency, with little wear on the comminution tools and the inner parts Can shred the lining without changing the grate.
  • this object is achieved in that the outlet grate is movably mounted in different positions and is connected to a drive.
  • a manipulation with the adjustable, preferably swiveling outlet grate can be used to create a state in which, when in operation, crushed material with the desired piece sizes and required densities is achieved without changing the grate.
  • Whether the shredded material turns out to be more or less dense and smaller or larger is determined by the opening angle of the outlet grille and the projection of the grate openings that varies depending on the effective passage area.
  • the grate openings are aligned with respect to the direction of discharge of the rotor so that when the outlet grate is closed, the cross-section of the grate openings is largest; a crushed, coarse material of relatively low density then arises.
  • the effective projection of the grate openings decreases to an increasing extent, i.e. also at the same time that the resulting material is reduced in size proportionally to the reduction in the projection of the grate openings, while the density increases inversely in proportion.
  • the residence time of the materials in the hammer crusher can be changed and thus the production output can be adapted to the desired piece size, whereby a material jam, such as can be caused by worn crushing tools in conventional hammer crushers, is completely avoided.
  • the region of the outlet grate that is adjacent to the pivot axis is designed as a grate part that can be pivoted by itself.
  • the grate part of the outlet grate which is pivotable per se, lies in the tangential discharge region of the hammer impact circle.
  • the coarse parts thrown up by the hammer rotor to be cut hit the area of the outlet grate, which is pivoted and can be opened if necessary, without the shredded material accidentally leaving the impact shaft.
  • This type of separation of the coarse parts requires only a relatively small opening angle and a small amount of time for the swiveling in comparison with the required pivoting of the complete outlet grate for the separation of the coarse parts.
  • the outlet grate covers the shaft at an angle - what e.g. can be achieved by an arc-shaped grate - so that it is ensured that the number or the negative effects of ricochets of reflected material parts are reduced compared to the horizontal arrangement of the grate, which already helps to reduce the risk of an occasional material jam. Due to the higher output and production output, a performance increase of approx. 10-15% compared to conventional hammer crushers is also advantageously achieved.
  • the hammer crusher designated as a whole by 1, has a housing 2 which is fastened on a base plate 3.
  • a hammer rotor 4 rotates in the direction of rotation R, the shaft 5 of which is mounted on both sides in bearings, not shown, attached to bearing blocks.
  • the hammer rotor 4 consists of a plurality of rotor disks 6 lined up at a distance on the shaft 5, between which hammers 7 are rotatably mounted on axes 8 which pass through the rotor disks 6 at a radial distance from the shaft 5 and parallel to the latter.
  • the shaft 5 is connected to a drive via a coupling, not shown.
  • a good inlet 9 and a good outlet 10 are provided in the housing 2.
  • the material inlet 9 is located on the downward rotating side of the hammer rotor 4 at the level of the horizontal plane H-H containing the rotor axis x.
  • the upper edge of the material inlet opening 9 is part of an exchangeable anvil 11; the lower edge of the material inlet opening 9 is part of an anvil 12 and is brought up to the hammer impact circle K except for a gap s which results in the desired degree of comminution.
  • the part of the housing 2 above the hammer rotor 4 is designed as an impact chute 13 open at the top and bottom, the height of which above the center line of the rotor corresponds approximately to the impact circle of the hammer rotor 4.
  • the baffle shaft 13 is covered with a classification grate or outlet grate 14, which is provided with grate openings 19 and extends tangentially to the direction of rotation R of the hammer rotor 4 perpendicular to the axis of the baffle shaft 13 (see FIG. 1).
  • the classifying or outlet grate 14 is mounted so as to be pivotable about a pivot axis 14a.
  • Two hydraulic cylinders 15 - which act on articulated connections 16, 17 on the one hand on the lever 15a and on the other hand are attached to the housing 2 of the hammer breaker 1 or to the hood 18 - are used to open or pivot the outlet grate 14 into the various desired positions can be adjusted to match the required density and piece size.
  • Fig. Two positions for the outlet grate 14 are shown, with the largest projection b N resulting in the lower position A - apart from the adjustment of the pivoting position of the grate possible with the invention to achieve a specific density and piece size, one can be added to each Wear of the hammers adjusted grate pivot position can be selected.
  • Position A would be set after the hammers had worn out; in the case of sharp hammers, position B would be set with the smaller projection b s in order to achieve the required scrap density.
  • positions between positions A and B are of course also possible.
  • the upper housing part is designed to be curved in the pivoting area of the grate, so that - using the example of FIG. 1 - between positions A and B the grate travels with its end face along the housing or is only a slight distance from the housing wall, so that a tight seal for shot parts is created.
  • a hood 18 Arranged above the outlet grate 14 is a hood 18 which catches the material thrown out of the grate openings 19, deflects it downward and allows it to emerge out of an opening 20.
  • the outlet grate 21 is, in an alternative embodiment to the outlet grate 14 which is horizontally formed and arranged in FIG. 1, preferably curved in an arc shape (arch grate) and covers the baffle shaft 13 obliquely at the top.
  • the outlet grate 21 is provided with grate openings 25.
  • the outlet grate 21 is pivoted about the pivot axis 21a into the respectively desired position by means of two hydraulic cylinders 22, which are fastened to the outlet grate 21 on the one hand and to the hammer breaker housing 2 on the other hand via articulated connections 23, 24, similar to the outlet grate shown in FIG. 5.
  • this version of the grate as a curved grate, as shown in FIG.
  • the largest opening projection area results in its lowest position.
  • the sealing to be made on the free end face of the grate to the housing wall is carried out as in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1, namely by means of a corresponding circular arc-shaped design of the housing wall in the pivoting area.
  • the coarse particles which can possibly be rotating in the crusher housing 2 can be ejected through the impact chute 13 released by the opened outlet grate 21.
  • the outlet grate 26 shown in FIG. 4, which is also designed as an arch grate, is provided with grate openings 32.
  • the outlet grate 26 comprises a total grate surface 27, from which a grate part 28 that can be pivoted independently can be brought into or pivoted into the position shown in dashed lines in FIG.
  • a somewhat open pivot position of the grate 26 is also shown in dashed lines net, whereby it becomes clear that here the sealing on the end face to the housing takes place via a lip 35 cast on at the free end of the grate, which in turn rests against the housing wall, which is in turn circular in shape, in the various working positions.
  • the lip 35 in particular in its form shown in FIG. 4 - bent back outwards from the inside of the shredder - creates a greater distance between these openings and the housing or hood wall above the grate openings at the end due to the associated recessing of the housing wall.
  • the desired effect for the free passage of the material parts that have been crushed and compacted in the desired manner is optimally used for the already subdivided grate surface.
  • Both grate parts, total grate surface 27 and the independently pivotable grate part 28 are mounted so as to be pivotable about the same pivot axis 26a.
  • the independently pivotable grate part 28 is via a hydraulic cylinder 29 and an articulated connection 31, which is attached to the crusher housing 2 and an articulated connection 31 a, which is attached to the grate part 28, in the desired manner (see also Fig. 5).
  • the two grate parts 27, 28 are connected to one another as a possible embodiment in the manner resulting from the following description of FIG. 5.
  • the grate part 28 (“coarse grate”) and the “residual arch grate” 26 are mounted on the common pivot axis 26a.
  • the arched grate is pivoted by the hydraulic cylinder 30 via a swivel lever 30a on the hub of the arched grate 26, regardless of which the opening or closing of the coarse grate can be effected via the hydraulic cylinder 29 and a swivel lever 29a on the axis 26a.
  • Appropriate limit switches on the hydraulic cylinders ensure that the position of the arch grating 26 corresponds to that of the coarse grating 28 in the respective pivot positions.
  • This positional correspondence can also be achieved by the cross-sectional shape shown in FIG. 6 for the grate parts, namely namely that the coarse grate 28 is tapered conically towards the inside of the shredder on the three sides movable relative to the outlet grate 26 (see FIG. 6) such that when the opening pivots the outlet grate 26 the coarse grate 28 is automatically taken along. If it is then necessary in any position of the arch grate 27 to let coarse parts out of the interior, the coarse part grate 28 is opened further without difficulty by acting on the hydraulic cylinder assigned to the coarse part grate 28.
  • the return to the overall closed position is also achieved hydraulically, although in individual cases the corresponding action on the hydraulic cylinder assigned to the coarse grate 28 may be sufficient, since in this direction of movement the outlet grate is “taken along” by the coarse grate in this direction of movement.
  • the coarse parts are ejected through the open grate part 28, which can be pivoted via the hydraulic cylinder 29 and can be swung out of the total grate surface 27 (see dashed illustration).
  • the outlet grate 21 or the entire grate surface 27 is adjusted with the hydraulic cylinders 22 or 29 with a larger opening angle or swiveled into a position different from the starting position, whereby the material to be shredded due to the changed angle of impact on the grate, the required piece size is given or the desired density is achieved.
  • the outlet grate 21 can be pivoted or turned on in such a way that material jamming below the grate surface strikes the largest possible cross-section or the largest possible projection of the grate openings 25 and the jam can accordingly be quickly removed again .
  • the outlet grate may be provided with oblique grate passages already in the starting position relative to the tangential discharge direction, i.e. pivoting of the grate in the embodiment according to FIG. 2 is possible, for example, to enlarge the effective passages.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
  • Electronic Switches (AREA)
  • Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
  • Electrophonic Musical Instruments (AREA)
EP83108411A 1982-09-16 1983-08-26 Hammerbrecher Expired EP0103778B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83108411T ATE28276T1 (de) 1982-09-16 1983-08-26 Hammerbrecher.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3234298 1982-09-16
DE3234298A DE3234298C2 (de) 1982-09-16 1982-09-16 Hammerbrecher

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0103778A2 EP0103778A2 (de) 1984-03-28
EP0103778A3 EP0103778A3 (en) 1985-11-06
EP0103778B1 true EP0103778B1 (de) 1987-07-15

Family

ID=6173337

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83108411A Expired EP0103778B1 (de) 1982-09-16 1983-08-26 Hammerbrecher

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US4798345A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
EP (1) EP0103778B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS5973061A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AT (1) ATE28276T1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AU (1) AU559475B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (2) DE3234298C2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES (1) ES525627A0 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4173716A1 (de) 2021-10-29 2023-05-03 Comes Maschinen- und Apparatebau GmbH Zerkleinerungsmaschine

Families Citing this family (25)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3431658C1 (de) * 1984-08-29 1986-01-23 Thyssen Industrie Ag, 4300 Essen Ausbildung des Arbeitsspalts bei einer Zerkleinerungsmaschine mit waagerecht angeordnetem Hammerbrecherrotor
DE3517579A1 (de) * 1985-05-15 1986-11-20 Thyssen Industrie Ag, 4300 Essen Ausbildung des gehaeusebodens von zerkleinerungsmaschinen
FR2598100B1 (fr) * 1986-05-02 1988-07-29 Copex Dispositif d'ejection des matieres imbroyables et de variation du rendement d'un broyeur a marteaux pour le traitement des ferrailles
DE3624826A1 (de) * 1986-07-23 1988-02-04 Lindemann Maschfab Gmbh Rost fuer zerkleinerungsmaschinen
FR2634400B1 (fr) * 1988-07-19 1991-12-06 Becker Arnaud Broyeur a marteaux pour le dechiquetage d'objets metalliques muni d'un dispositif de protection du tambour d'entrainement des marteaux
FR2634399B1 (fr) * 1988-07-19 1990-10-26 Becker Arnaud Broyeur a marteaux pour le dechiquetage d'objets metalliques
YU211189A (en) * 1988-11-03 1992-05-28 Akt Consultants Device and a process for drying and grinding
FR2638662B1 (fr) * 1988-11-10 1991-02-01 Becker Arnaud Broyeur a marteaux, a alimentation centrale, pour le dechiquetage d'objets metalliques
DE4016295A1 (de) * 1990-05-21 1991-11-28 Lindemann Maschfab Gmbh Hammerbrecher
AU651864B2 (en) * 1991-02-15 1994-08-04 Ronald Frederick Bourne Treatment of particulate material
DE19712587C2 (de) 1997-03-26 2001-11-15 Svedala Lindemann Gmbh Gehäuse für eine Zerkleinerungsmaschine
KR100916689B1 (ko) * 2003-01-17 2009-09-11 가부시키가이샤 이구순도 재팬 파쇄장치
JP6709619B2 (ja) * 2015-12-29 2020-06-17 株式会社アーステクニカ 破砕機
JP6800589B2 (ja) * 2016-03-02 2020-12-16 株式会社キンキ 打撃部材を有する破砕機
DE102020102614B4 (de) 2020-02-03 2023-10-26 Albert Hoffmann Gmbh Hammermühle
DE102020102611B4 (de) 2020-02-03 2023-04-27 Albert Hoffmann Gmbh Hammermühle
DE102020102607A1 (de) * 2020-02-03 2021-08-05 Albert Hoffmann Gmbh Hammermühle
DE102021006582A1 (de) 2021-07-13 2023-01-19 TSR Recycling GmbH & Co. KG Verbessertes Verfahren zur Herstellung von Schrottprodukten
DE102021006581A1 (de) 2021-07-13 2023-01-19 TSR Recycling GmbH & Co. KG Verbessertes Verfahren zur Herstellung von Schrottprodukten
DE102021006579A1 (de) 2021-07-13 2023-01-19 TSR Recycling GmbH & Co. KG Verbessertes Verfahren zur Herstellung von Schrottprodukten
DE102021006580A1 (de) 2021-07-13 2023-01-19 TSR Recycling GmbH & Co. KG Verbessertes Verfahren zur Herstellung von Schrottprodukten
DE102021118108B4 (de) * 2021-07-13 2024-09-05 TSR Recycling GmbH & Co. KG Verbessertes Verfahren zur Herstellung von Schrottprodukten mit hohem Reinheitsgrad aus inhomogenem Inputmaterial
DE102021006583A1 (de) 2021-07-13 2023-01-19 TSR Recycling GmbH & Co. KG Verbessertes Verfahren zur Herstellung von Schrottprodukten
CN114082486B (zh) * 2022-01-17 2022-04-01 河北燕山钢铁集团有限公司 一种废钢破碎回收再利用装置
CN117309532B (zh) * 2023-11-30 2024-02-02 彩客华煜化学有限公司 一种湿品dsd酸物料均匀制样装置

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US2734686A (en) * 1956-02-14 oberhellmann
DE648754C (de) * 1937-08-07 Fraenkel & Viebahn Sieblose Schlaegermuehle
US759856A (en) * 1903-11-30 1904-05-17 George W Borton Pulverizer, breaker, or disintegrator.
US1125137A (en) * 1907-02-12 1915-01-19 Jeffrey Mfg Co Pulverizer.
US2317909A (en) * 1942-05-25 1943-04-27 Gruendler Grusher & Pulverizer Cage for grinding machines and the like
DE867779C (de) * 1951-05-11 1953-02-19 Andreas Maschb Ges M B H Schlaegermuehle mit festen oder losen Schlaegern
DE1272091C2 (de) * 1965-03-18 1973-05-30 Alton S Newell Hammerbrecher zum Zerkleinen von Abfaellen, insbesondere von metallischen Gegenstaenden
US3915395A (en) * 1971-10-01 1975-10-28 Pennsylvania Crusher Corp Over and out material reducer
BE787109A (fr) * 1972-08-02 1972-12-01 George & Cie Broyeur de ferrailles adapte au procede dit ''cryogenique''
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FR2325431A1 (fr) * 1975-09-29 1977-04-22 Gloux Theophile Appareil de broyage pour cereales seches ou humides ou tous autres produits d'alimentation du betail
US4061277A (en) * 1976-09-20 1977-12-06 Sivyer Steel Corporation Shredder with grate cartridge
DE2713177C2 (de) * 1977-03-25 1989-06-08 Lindemann Maschinenfabrik GmbH, 4000 Düsseldorf Hammerbrecher
JPS5820317B2 (ja) * 1979-12-11 1983-04-22 手塚興産株式会社 破砕機
DE3147634C2 (de) * 1981-12-02 1984-12-13 Lindemann Maschinenfabrik Gmbh, 4000 Duesseldorf Papierzerkleinerer und Verfahren zum Betrieb

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4173716A1 (de) 2021-10-29 2023-05-03 Comes Maschinen- und Apparatebau GmbH Zerkleinerungsmaschine
DE102022128788A1 (de) 2021-10-29 2023-05-04 Comes Maschinen- u. Apparatebau GmbH Zerkleinerungsmaschine
DE202022002968U1 (de) 2021-10-29 2024-03-01 Comes Maschinen- u. Apparatebau GmbH Zerkleinerungsmaschine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3234298A1 (de) 1984-03-22
JPH0344816B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1991-07-09
US4798345A (en) 1989-01-17
DE3234298C2 (de) 1985-12-19
AU1898383A (en) 1984-03-22
ES8405290A1 (es) 1984-06-01
EP0103778A3 (en) 1985-11-06
EP0103778A2 (de) 1984-03-28
DE3372445D1 (en) 1987-08-20
ES525627A0 (es) 1984-06-01
AU559475B2 (en) 1987-03-12
ATE28276T1 (de) 1987-08-15
JPS5973061A (ja) 1984-04-25

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