EP0096235B1 - Réservoir pour contenir des liquides sous-refroidis - Google Patents

Réservoir pour contenir des liquides sous-refroidis Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0096235B1
EP0096235B1 EP83104630A EP83104630A EP0096235B1 EP 0096235 B1 EP0096235 B1 EP 0096235B1 EP 83104630 A EP83104630 A EP 83104630A EP 83104630 A EP83104630 A EP 83104630A EP 0096235 B1 EP0096235 B1 EP 0096235B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
container
surge
space
bodies
container according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP83104630A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0096235A2 (fr
EP0096235A3 (en
Inventor
Hans Dr.-Ing. Schäfer
Michael Ing.(Grad) Gaschler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Philipp Holzmann AG
GG Noell GmbH
Original Assignee
Philipp Holzmann AG
GG Noell GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Philipp Holzmann AG, GG Noell GmbH filed Critical Philipp Holzmann AG
Publication of EP0096235A2 publication Critical patent/EP0096235A2/fr
Publication of EP0096235A3 publication Critical patent/EP0096235A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0096235B1 publication Critical patent/EP0096235B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/12—Arrangements or mounting of devices for preventing or minimising the effect of explosion ; Other safety measures
    • F17C13/126—Arrangements or mounting of devices for preventing or minimising the effect of explosion ; Other safety measures for large storage containers for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
    • F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
    • F17C3/022—Land-based bulk storage containers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0329—Foam
    • F17C2203/0333—Polyurethane
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0337—Granular
    • F17C2203/0341—Perlite
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
    • F17C2203/0626—Multiple walls
    • F17C2203/0629—Two walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0636—Metals
    • F17C2203/0639—Steels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0678—Concrete
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/03—Dealing with losses
    • F17C2260/031—Dealing with losses due to heat transfer
    • F17C2260/033—Dealing with losses due to heat transfer by enhancing insulation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S220/00—Receptacles
    • Y10S220/901—Liquified gas content, cryogenic

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a container for storing frozen liquids, in particular liquefied gases, consisting of a reinforced concrete or prestressed concrete outer container and a steel inner container used therein, which serves to hold the liquid, the steel inner container resting on an insulation and between the outer circumferential surface of the steel inner container and the inner circumferential surface of the outer container, an annular space is provided, which is only partially filled with solid insulating materials.
  • the design of the inner and outer container is based on the safety requirements that are imposed in order to hinder the escape of gas from the inside to the outside in exceptional cases.
  • Liquid ammonia, butane and ethane are often stored in closed steel containers that are in open-top reinforced concrete / prestressed concrete containers.
  • the insulation depends on the type of gas.
  • the space When storing liquefied natural gas, which must be stored at a temperature of around -160 °, the space is usually completely filled with insulating material. Since the intermediate space not only serves to hold the insulation, but also has to be present so that it can be walked on in the event of malfunctions or repair work, expanded pearlite is usually used as the insulating material.
  • the starting material is a volcanic silicate rock, in which the bound water is converted into steam by briefly heating to about 1000 ° C, so that the glass melt is inflated to a multiple of its original volume. If necessary, the pearlite can be removed from the gap.
  • liquefied butane gas is to be stored in the container, it is not necessary to completely fill the space with insulating material, since the storage temperature for liquid butane gas is only about -10 ° and therefore a thin insulating layer, e.g. B. from polyurethane, on the outer circumference of the inner container is sufficient.
  • the outer container must be earthquake-proof on the one hand, and on the other hand must be able to withstand loads in the event of a gas cloud explosion.
  • the inner container For the inner container, however, the load case must also be dealt with such that it suddenly tears open. Since steel tends to become brittle at low temperatures, material defects in the steel can actually cause an initially small crack to expand into a continuous crack. The result of this is that cooled liquid emerges from the crack and pours into the space between the steel inner container and the reinforced concrete outer container and flows into the space from the exit point in both directions.
  • the invention has for its object to prevent the occurrence of such impermissible stresses.
  • the object is achieved according to the invention in that on the inner circumference of the outer container and / or on the outer circumference of the steel inner container, a plurality of projecting into the intermediate space, arranged transversely to the direction of flow of any gush, preferably vertical, gush-braking bodies are attached.
  • the surge-reducing bodies can be plate-shaped, but they preferably have a triangular cross section.
  • the surge suppressing body does not simply stop the flow of the escaping liquid gas in the event of a crack in the steel inner container, because this results in considerable and e.g. T. uncontrollable forces can occur, but the surge suppressing body should be designed so that at the top of the protruding into the gap profile the flow breaks off and passes into a vortex, so that the surge is deprived of the energy at the point of break diametrically opposite side would lead to difficulties.
  • a triangular profile in cross section fulfills these requirements very well.
  • An odd number of surge suppressing bodies is preferably arranged uniformly on the inner circumference of the outer container, a total of five such bodies being sufficient.
  • Fig. 1 shows a reinforced concrete outer container, which consists of a base plate 2a, a wall 2b and in the left part of a roof dome 2c.
  • An inner container 1 made of steel is arranged inside the outer container, separated by a space 3, which is open at the top in the left part, closed at the top in the right part and serves to hold liquefied gas.
  • the wall thickness of the steel inner container 1 is approximately 14 to 30 mm
  • the thickness of the intermediate space 3 is approximately 1 m
  • the wall thickness of the reinforced concrete outer container is approximately 50 cm.
  • the insulation under the bottom of the steel container consists of foam glass, which is able to withstand the static load on the container 1 filled with liquid gas.
  • the space between the two containers is filled with solid insulating material and granules made of pearlite.
  • the non-combustible perlite granule has the advantage that it can be easily integrated into the space, but that it can also be removed just as easily by suction for intermediate inspection or for necessary repair work.
  • baffles 4 are attached to the inner circumferential surface, which - as can be seen from the cross section of FIG. 2 - have a triangular profile with an inwardly pointing tip.
  • the radial dimensions of the body 4 are chosen so that they take up about a third of the width of the space 3.
  • Their height above the base plate 2a is approximately two thirds of the total height of the side wall 2b.
  • the anti-surge bodies 4 are preferably made of sheet metal, it being sufficient if five such bodies are arranged in a uniform distribution over the entire circumference. However, more such bodies can also be provided, and it would also be possible to attach these bodies only or additionally to the outer circumference of the steel inner container 1.
  • the side surfaces of the bodies 4a do not have to be exactly flat, they can also be curved inwards to support the formation of vertebrae.
  • the shape of the body 4 is not limited to a triangular cross section. Other shapes would also be conceivable, but preference is given to those shapes which end in a tip. In the simplest case, radially extending plates 4b could also be used, which may be provided with holes.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Claims (9)

1. Réservoir pour le stockage de liquides très fortement refroidis notamment de gaz liquéfiés, comprenant un réservoir externe en béton armé, ou en beton précontraint (2) et, installe à l'intérieur de celui-ci, un réservoir interne en acier (1) qui sert à recevoir le liquide, le réservoir interne en acier (1) reposant sur une isolation (5) et un espace intermédiaire annulaire (3) étant ménagé entre la surface périphérique extérieure du réservoir interne en acier (1) et la surface périphérique intérieure du réservoir externe (2), lequel espace intermédiaire (3) est rempli de matériaux isolants (5) denses sur une partie seulement de son épaisseur et peu denses sur la partie restante ou peut rester vide, caractérisé en ce que, sur le pourtour intérieur du réservoir externe (2) et/ou sur le pourtour extérieur du réservoir interne en acier (1), sont placés plusieurs éléments brise-jet (4), de préférence verticaux, qui font saillie dans l'espace intermédiaire (3) et sont disposés transversalement à la direction d'écoulement d'un jet éventuel.
2. Réservoir selon la revendication 1,
caractérisé en ce que les éléments brise-jet (4) occupent approximativement un tiers de la largeur de l'espace intermédiaire (3) dans le sens radial.
3. Réservoir selon la revendication 2,
caractérisé en ce que les éléments brise-jet (4b) sont conçus en forme de plaques.
4. Réservoir selon la revendication 2,
caractérisé en ce que les éléments brise-jet (4a) présentent une section transversale triangulaire.
5. Réservoir selon la revendication 3 ou 4, caractérisé en ce qu'un nombre impair d'éléments brise-jet (4) est disposé à intervalles uniformes sur le pourtour intérieur du réservoir externe (2).
6. Réservoir selon la revendication 5,
caractérisé en ce que cinq éléments brise-jet (4) sont prévus en tout.
7. Réservoir selon la revendication 6,
caractérisé en ce que les éléments brise-jet (4) ne s'étendent approximativement que jusqu'aux deux tiers de la hauteur totale de l'espace intermédiaire (3).
8. Réservoir selon la revendication 7,
caractérisé en ce qu'une couche isolante en polyuréthane, en laine minérale ou en un matériau similaire est appliquée sur le pourtour extérieur du réservoir interne ou sur le pourtour intérieur du réservoir externe.
9. Réservoir selon la revendication 7,
caractérisé en ce que la totalité de l'espace intermédiaire (3) est remplie, d'une manière connue en soi, de perlite expansée.
EP83104630A 1982-06-11 1983-05-11 Réservoir pour contenir des liquides sous-refroidis Expired EP0096235B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3222064 1982-06-11
DE19823222064 DE3222064A1 (de) 1982-06-11 1982-06-11 Behaelter zur einlagerung von tiefgekuehlten fluessigkeiten

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0096235A2 EP0096235A2 (fr) 1983-12-21
EP0096235A3 EP0096235A3 (en) 1985-04-24
EP0096235B1 true EP0096235B1 (fr) 1987-02-04

Family

ID=6165869

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83104630A Expired EP0096235B1 (fr) 1982-06-11 1983-05-11 Réservoir pour contenir des liquides sous-refroidis

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4492087A (fr)
EP (1) EP0096235B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3222064A1 (fr)
NO (1) NO155856C (fr)
YU (1) YU130083A (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3503917C1 (de) * 1985-02-06 1986-03-27 G. Siempelkamp Gmbh & Co, 4150 Krefeld Druckmittelbetaetigbare Reibungskupplung einer Spindelpresse
US4740702A (en) * 1986-01-22 1988-04-26 Nicolet Instrument Corporation Cryogenically cooled radiation detection apparatus
CA2167213C (fr) * 1993-07-16 2003-09-30 Richard E. Groh (Deceased) Methode de mise en oeuvre de beton leger et de preparation d'un melange contenant du beton leger, et melange resultant de l'application de ladite methode
US5964093A (en) * 1997-10-14 1999-10-12 Mobil Oil Corporation Gas hydrate storage reservoir
US7837055B2 (en) * 2004-05-20 2010-11-23 Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company LNG containment system and method of assembling LNG containment system
GB2479789B (en) * 2010-04-23 2013-08-14 Hesco Bastion Ltd Protective shelter

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE584051C (de) * 1932-12-31 1933-09-14 Werner Haack Dr Ing Feste Rutsche fuer mittleres Einfallen
US3339784A (en) * 1960-05-27 1967-09-05 Jr Charles George Filstead Insulated structure for use in transportation of cold liquids
US3362559A (en) * 1963-11-08 1968-01-09 Kohring Walter Fluid storage tanks
US3688938A (en) * 1970-06-16 1972-09-05 Bridgestone Liquefied Gas Co Heat insulating wall structure for a low temperature liquefied gas tank of the membrane type
FR2110481A5 (fr) * 1970-10-19 1972-06-02 Gaz De France
DE2257984A1 (de) * 1972-11-27 1974-05-30 Linde Ag Speicherbehaelter fuer verfluessigten wasserstoff
US3852973A (en) * 1973-04-12 1974-12-10 R Marothy Structure for storage of liquified gas
GB1481790A (en) * 1973-12-04 1977-08-03 Shell Int Research Storage installation for liquefied gas
US4041722A (en) * 1975-09-26 1977-08-16 Pittsburgh-Des Moines Steel Company Impact resistant tank for cryogenic fluids
DE3125846C2 (de) * 1981-07-01 1985-05-02 Philipp Holzmann Ag, 6000 Frankfurt Behälter zur Einlagerung von tiefgekühlten Flüssigkeiten

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0096235A2 (fr) 1983-12-21
DE3222064C2 (fr) 1987-01-15
NO155856B (no) 1987-03-02
US4492087A (en) 1985-01-08
NO832112L (no) 1983-12-12
EP0096235A3 (en) 1985-04-24
DE3222064A1 (de) 1983-12-15
YU130083A (en) 1986-08-31
NO155856C (no) 1987-06-10

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