EP0401154B1 - Réservoir pour le stockage des liquides cryogéniques - Google Patents

Réservoir pour le stockage des liquides cryogéniques Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0401154B1
EP0401154B1 EP90730007A EP90730007A EP0401154B1 EP 0401154 B1 EP0401154 B1 EP 0401154B1 EP 90730007 A EP90730007 A EP 90730007A EP 90730007 A EP90730007 A EP 90730007A EP 0401154 B1 EP0401154 B1 EP 0401154B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
vessel
steel
container
spacer element
hollow
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90730007A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0401154A1 (fr
Inventor
Hans Dr.-Ing. Schäfer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Philipp Holzmann AG
Original Assignee
Philipp Holzmann AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Philipp Holzmann AG filed Critical Philipp Holzmann AG
Publication of EP0401154A1 publication Critical patent/EP0401154A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0401154B1 publication Critical patent/EP0401154B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/12—Arrangements or mounting of devices for preventing or minimising the effect of explosion ; Other safety measures
    • F17C13/126—Arrangements or mounting of devices for preventing or minimising the effect of explosion ; Other safety measures for large storage containers for liquefied gas
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
    • E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
    • F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
    • F17C3/022—Land-based bulk storage containers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0678—Concrete

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a container for storing frozen liquids, in particular liquefied gases, consisting of an outer container closed on all sides made of reinforced concrete / prestressed concrete, possibly also with a steel roof, and an open steel inner container used therein for holding the liquid, whereby the steel inner container rests on an insulation and an annular space is present between the outer peripheral surface of the steel inner container and the inner peripheral surface of the outer container, which is filled with a granulate of insulating material.
  • Such a container is known for example from DE-PS 31 25 846. Extensive safety precautions are taken for the operation of such containers; among other things, the container must be earthquake-proof in every case. In the event of an earthquake, horizontal inertial forces must be transferred from the inner tank to the outer tank. It should be noted that the insulation in the space between the two tanks cannot contribute to this. Since the intermediate space not only serves to hold the insulation, but also has to be present so that it can be walked on in the event of malfunctions or repair work, expanded pearlite is usually used as the insulating material.
  • the starting material is a volcanic silicate rock, in which the bound water is converted into steam by briefly heating to about 1000 ° C, so that the glass melt is inflated to a multiple of its volume.
  • a certain amount of horizontal forces can be transmitted from the steel inner container via the base insulation to the bottom of the outer container by frictional forces.
  • the frictional forces or shear resistance in the floor joint are not sufficient to balance the inner tank. If the filling slips, which is not prevented by the pearlite insulation in the gap, it could hit the outer container with its enormous mass, which could cause the inner container to rupture and also damage or even destroy the outer container . As a result, explosions and fires of the greatest magnitude can occur.
  • this storage must take place at a temperature of approximately -165 ° C. If the steel inner container is filled with the liquid gas cooled to this temperature, the inner container also cools down to this temperature and contracts accordingly.
  • the radius of the inner container is reduced by about 5 cm, so that there is a gap that later slides in the event of an earthquake and thus a destruction of the floor insulation and possibly of the container.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a container of the type described above so that a non-positive connection between the inner and outer tank can be made in the warm and cold driven state and that no constraining forces occur in the transition states of cold or warm driving.
  • the object is achieved according to the invention in that between the spacer and the inner wall of the outer container an annular, firmly connected to the outer container, made of sheet steel hollow container is arranged, which is partially filled with a heat-liquefiable material that in the hollow container Heating elements are attached, and that the spacer element is made of steel and is rigidly connected to the hollow container and materially (rigidly) or non-positively to the steel inner container.
  • the liquefiable material preferably consists of bitumen.
  • other plasticizable materials can be used instead, e.g. low melting metals such as Tin or plastics, which in the solidified state are sufficiently tough under short-term loads to absorb horizontal forces that can arise in the event of an earthquake, without failing under this pressure under the pressure forces.
  • the spacer does not have to be rigidly connected to the hollow container and the steel inner container, but the spacer element can also be designed as a disc, the outer circumference of which is connected to the hollow container, and on which the steel inner container is inserted with the insertion of an intermediate layer, preferably made of concrete rests and is held against displacement by the high friction or shear coefficients of the intermediate layer.
  • the procedure is now such that when the steel inner container is filled or emptied, the material in the hollow container is liquefied by heating and the liquid state is maintained until the inner steel container has finished its contraction or expansion.
  • the expansion or contraction follows the inner wall of the hollow container, ie the hollow container bulges inwards during the contraction and is returned to its original shape during the expansion.
  • the liquefied material can adapt to the change in shape of the hollow container so that there is a seamless connection between the inner and outer containers after the contraction or expansion process has ended and the subsequent solidification of the liquefied material.
  • Fig. 1 shows a reinforced concrete outer container, which consists of a base plate 1, a wall 2 and a roof dome 3.
  • the wall thickness of the steel inner container 5 is about 14 to 30 mm
  • the thickness of the insulation 4 is about 1 m
  • the wall thickness of the reinforced concrete outer container 2 is about 50 cm.
  • the insulation under the bottom of the steel container consists of foam glass, which is able to withstand the static load on the container 5 filled with liquid gas, while the insulation on the ceiling consists of mineral wool.
  • the annular gap between the two containers is filled with granules of pearlite.
  • the non-combustible perlite granulate has the advantage that it can be introduced into the annular gap in a simple manner, but that it can also be removed just as easily by suction for inspection purposes or for necessary repair work.
  • a liner 6 made of steel is attached to the inside of the reinforced concrete outer container 1, 2, which ensures gas tightness in use and at the same time serves as a vapor barrier.
  • the steel inner container 5 rests with the interposition of an insulation 7 made of foam glass on the bottom 1 of the reinforced concrete outer container, with an intermediate layer 8 or between the liner 6 and the insulation 7 on the one hand and between the bottom of the steel inner container and the insulation 7 on the other hand 9 is arranged.
  • annular spacer 10 is arranged, the inside with the steel inner container 5 and the outside with the lower region of the Inner wall of a hollow container 11 is rigidly connected, which is formed by a steel sheet which is connected to the liner 6.
  • the inner wall of the hollow container like the spacer element 10, is made of cryogenic steel.
  • the hollow container 11 which is connected to the spacer element 10, there is a material 12 which solidifies in the filled and unfilled state of the inner container 5 and thereby has a supporting effect on the inner container 5 in connection with the spacer element 10 when horizontal forces are absorbed in the event of an earthquake Need to become.
  • insulating foam glass elements 13 are arranged in the hollow container 11, which generate a temperature gradient from the cold bottom of the steel inner container to the wall 2 of the reinforced concrete outer container.
  • the material 12 in the hollow container 11 is preferably made of bitumen, but other materials can also be used which can be plasticized by heat and which are sufficiently hard to tough in the temperature range between outside temperature and operating temperature in order to increase the horizontal forces which arise in the event of an earthquake transferred and to keep the steel inner container in connection with the spacer 10 in balance.
  • heating coils 14 are arranged in the lower region of the hollow container 11, where the material 12 is located, which can be heated by current, induction or by means of a medium passed through them to such an extent that the surrounding area Material melts.
  • Fig. 2 shows the operating case in which liquid gas has been filled into the steel inner container 5, so that the steel inner container has contracted.
  • This contraction has the result that the outer wall of the hollow container 11 is bulged out of the normal position shown in dashed lines into the position shown via the spacer element 10.
  • the wall of the hollow container 11 returns to the dashed position when the inner tank is emptied.
  • the bitumen filling which is heated and therefore viscous when the inner tank is filled and emptied, does not hinder the temperature deformation of the inner tank, while in the normal, cold operating state of the bitumen plugs it forms a rigid, non-positive abutment for horizontal loads. In this way, an "adjustable" stop is practically formed.
  • FIG. 3 shows detail A from FIG. 1 on the basis of a modified exemplary embodiment, the same parts being designated with the same reference numbers as in FIG. 2.
  • the embodiment according to FIG. 3 differs from that in FIG. 2 in that the spacer element is formed here by a disk 15, the outer circumference of which is rigidly connected to the hollow container 11, and which extends completely below the steel inner container 5, wherein a concrete layer 16 is arranged between the disc 15 and the bottom of the steel inner container.
  • the coupling of the spacer element 15 to the steel inner container takes place in a force-fitting manner by friction, without any change in the mode of operation compared to the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 2.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)

Claims (3)

  1. Récipient pour le stockage de liquides cryogéniques, en particulier de gaz liquéfiés, comprenant un récipient extérieur fermé de tout côté en béton armé/béton précontraint, éventuellement avec un toit en acier, dans lequel est inséré un récipient intérieur en acier, ouvert en haut, destiné à recevoir le liquide, le récipient intérieur en acier reposant sur une isolation , et un espace intermédiaire annulaire, rempli d'un granulé en matière isolante, entre la surface circonférentielle extérieure du récipient intérieur en acier et la surface circonférentielle intérieure du récipient extérieur,, et, un élément d'écartement étant prévu à l'extrémité inférieure de l'espace intermédiaire caractérisé en ce qu'entre l'élément d'écartement (10) et la paroi intérieure du récipient extérieur (1, 2), est prévu un récipient creux annulaire (11) en tôle d'acier relié fixement au récipient extérieur qui est partiellement rempli d'une matière (12) liquéfiable par la chaleur, en ce que des éléments de chauffage '0(14) sont montés dans le récipient creux (11) et en ce que l'élément d'écartement (10) est en acier et est relié au récipient creux (11) de manière rigide et au récipient intérieur en acier (5), par adhérence ou contact entre les matières.
  2. Récipient suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la matière liquéfiable (12) est du bitume.
  3. Récipient suivant la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'élément d'écartement est conçu comme un disque (15), dont la circonférence extérieure est reliée au récipient creux (11), et sur laquelle, avec insertion d'une couche intermédiaire (16), de préférence en béton, repose le récipient intérieur en acier (5) qui est maintenu à l'abri de tout déplacement en raison des coefficients élevés de frottement et de correction de poussée.
EP90730007A 1989-04-22 1990-04-10 Réservoir pour le stockage des liquides cryogéniques Expired - Lifetime EP0401154B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3913253 1989-04-22
DE3913253A DE3913253A1 (de) 1989-04-22 1989-04-22 Behaelter zur einlagerung von tiefgekuehlten fluessigkeiten

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0401154A1 EP0401154A1 (fr) 1990-12-05
EP0401154B1 true EP0401154B1 (fr) 1993-06-09

Family

ID=6379208

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90730007A Expired - Lifetime EP0401154B1 (fr) 1989-04-22 1990-04-10 Réservoir pour le stockage des liquides cryogéniques

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US5018639A (fr)
EP (1) EP0401154B1 (fr)
DD (1) DD293788A5 (fr)
DE (2) DE3913253A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2041521T3 (fr)
NO (1) NO171930C (fr)
YU (1) YU47145B (fr)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1257338B (it) * 1992-04-28 1996-01-15 Franco Ferrari Serbatoio-caverna in complesso strutturale costituito dal paramento statico,dal bitume ossidato,dalla struttura metallica di contenimento e dal terreno circostante,interagenti fra loro,utilizzabile anche in zona sismica.
DE19703591A1 (de) * 1997-01-31 1998-08-06 Kaefer Isoliertechnik Wärmedämmung für einen Kugeltank
JP3030502B2 (ja) * 1997-05-06 2000-04-10 日本酸素株式会社 空気液化分離装置
SE9801994D0 (sv) 1998-06-05 1998-06-05 Sydkraft Ab Anläggning för lagring av naturgas
US20110168722A1 (en) * 2010-01-13 2011-07-14 BDT Consultants Inc. Full containment tank
KR101423411B1 (ko) * 2010-03-17 2014-07-24 에어 프로덕츠 앤드 케미칼스, 인코오포레이티드 극저온 저장 탱크
DE102013222858A1 (de) * 2013-11-11 2015-05-13 Tge Gas Engineering Gmbh Tank zur Lagerung von flüssigem Ammoniak
CN112253987A (zh) * 2020-11-09 2021-01-22 四川省建筑科学研究院有限公司 一种储罐
WO2023283400A1 (fr) * 2021-07-08 2023-01-12 Preload Cryogenics, Llc Système et procédé de stockage d'hydrogène liquide à basse pression

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL276097A (fr) * 1961-03-21 1900-01-01
US3606067A (en) * 1969-02-06 1971-09-20 Edward L Jones Storage receptacle for liquefied gas
US3563705A (en) * 1969-03-17 1971-02-16 Great Lakes Carbon Corp Method of inhibiting puffing in the manufacture of graphite bodies
GB1286971A (en) * 1969-08-08 1972-08-31 Zimmerman & Vonhof Kessel Beha Container for heating and/or maintaining the temperature of thermoplastic material
US3764035A (en) * 1970-11-12 1973-10-09 R Silverman Safety storage structure
US3979164A (en) * 1975-01-30 1976-09-07 Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation Expansion joint lock for low temperature structures
US4249352A (en) * 1978-05-16 1981-02-10 Preload Technology, Inc. Earthquake resistant tank
EP0066276B1 (fr) * 1981-06-03 1985-11-06 Wayss & Freytag Aktiengesellschaft Réservoir à double paroi pour stocker des liquides très froids
US4643212A (en) * 1984-03-28 1987-02-17 Chicago Bridge & Iron Company Hot liquid thermal energy storage tank and method
DE3802086C1 (fr) * 1988-01-25 1989-08-03 Alfred Kunz Gmbh & Co, 8000 Muenchen, De

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0401154A1 (fr) 1990-12-05
NO901772L (no) 1990-10-23
YU79590A (sh) 1994-01-20
DD293788A5 (de) 1991-09-12
DE59001668D1 (de) 1993-07-15
NO171930B (no) 1993-02-08
YU47145B (sh) 1995-01-31
ES2041521T3 (es) 1993-11-16
US5018639A (en) 1991-05-28
NO171930C (no) 1993-05-19
NO901772D0 (no) 1990-04-20
DE3913253A1 (de) 1990-10-25

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