EP0077282A1 - Vorrichtung zur durchlaufenden Behandlung von flüssigen Aluminium- oder Magnesiummetallen oder -metallegierungen - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zur durchlaufenden Behandlung von flüssigen Aluminium- oder Magnesiummetallen oder -metallegierungen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0077282A1
EP0077282A1 EP82420144A EP82420144A EP0077282A1 EP 0077282 A1 EP0077282 A1 EP 0077282A1 EP 82420144 A EP82420144 A EP 82420144A EP 82420144 A EP82420144 A EP 82420144A EP 0077282 A1 EP0077282 A1 EP 0077282A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
liquid metal
metal
horizontal axis
treatment
pocket
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP82420144A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0077282B1 (de
Inventor
Jean-Marie Hicter
Thierry Le Scoul
Serge Mairet
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rio Tinto France SAS
Original Assignee
Aluminium Pechiney SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Aluminium Pechiney SA filed Critical Aluminium Pechiney SA
Priority to AT82420144T priority Critical patent/ATE11573T1/de
Publication of EP0077282A1 publication Critical patent/EP0077282A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0077282B1 publication Critical patent/EP0077282B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B21/00—Obtaining aluminium
    • C22B21/06—Obtaining aluminium refining
    • C22B21/066—Treatment of circulating aluminium, e.g. by filtration
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B26/00—Obtaining alkali, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
    • C22B26/20—Obtaining alkaline earth metals or magnesium
    • C22B26/22—Obtaining magnesium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
    • C22B9/05—Refining by treating with gases, e.g. gas flushing also refining by means of a material generating gas in situ
    • C22B9/055—Refining by treating with gases, e.g. gas flushing also refining by means of a material generating gas in situ while the metal is circulating, e.g. combined with filtration

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for the treatment in passing of a stream of metal or liquid alloy based on aluminum or magnesium.
  • One or both of the compartments can be filled with a filtering substance often consisting of alumina granules.
  • One of the compartments may include a means of injec tion of a gas or a mixture of inert gas (nitrogen, argon) and / or active gas (chlorine).
  • the devices currently in use are not entirely satisfactory, both with regard to the final purity of the metal produced (content of hydrogen and of so-called “ultimate” inclusions, of the order of 5 micrometers or less), than in with regard to ease of use and handling: heating, scouring, rapid passage from an alloy to a non-alloy metal, or from an alloy to another type of alloy, emptying of pocket bottoms, change of bed filtering.
  • the object of the invention is a device for the treatment, in passing, of a stream of liquid metal, consisting of a pocket, comprising an external metal casing and an internal refractory lining, a chute for the entry of liquid metal at the rear and a pouring spout of the treated metal at the front, and at least one internal partition leaving with the bottom of the pocket, a space for the passage of liquid metal and delimiting a first rear compartment and at least a second front compartment opening onto the pouring spout, said pocket being fixed to a support cradle connected to an articulated frame with respect to which said cradle can tilt forward around a first horizontal axis passing substantially through the end of the spout casting, the articulated frame itself being connected to a fixed frame with respect to which said articulated frame can tilt around a second horizontal axis.
  • the first horizontal axis is substantially perpendicular to the direction of flow of the liquid metal in the pocket.
  • the second horizontal axis can be parallel or perpendicular to the first, which ensures rear or lateral tilting.
  • the device further comprises a means of internal heating in the pocket, removable and independent of the refractory lining. It may also be provided with means for injecting a liquid, solid, gaseous or vaporized treatment agent, and with means for alternately introducing and removing the internal heating means and the means for injecting the agent. treatment.
  • the internal lining comprises, in a conventional manner, a first heat-insulating layer with low thermal conductivity in contact with the external metal shell, and a refractory layer, chemically inert with respect to the metal and the treatment agents.
  • the bag can be provided, in the second compartment, with means for filtering the liquid metal.
  • It also includes a waterproof, removable cover, part of which is separable or movable to allow the removal of the dross formed during treatment.
  • FIG. 1 shows the different elements constituting the entire device. The following figures show the construction details.
  • the platform (1) is a rigid element which constitutes the main fixed chassis. Preferably, it includes setting screws (2) for adjust the horizontality of the assembly.
  • the pocket itself (3) is supported by the cradle (4) formed essentially of two arms on which the pocket (3) comes to bear by lugs (5). It is fixed by removable means such as bolts. Two screw stops (6) make it possible to adjust the horizontality of the pocket in the working position.
  • the cradle (4) is articulated, relative to the articulated frame (7), on the two bearings (8) whose common axis (9) passes substantially through the pouring spout (10).
  • the chassis (7) is articulated by the two bearings (11) on two support elements (12) rigidly connected to the platform (1).
  • the axis of rotation (13) of the articulated frame (7) relative to the support elements (12) is horizontal and parallel to the axis of rotation of the cradle.
  • This arrangement is not compulsory and the axis of rotation (13) of the articulated frame could also be perpendicular to the axis of rotation (9) of the cradle, owing to the fact that the two rotational movements are controlled, independently of one of the other, by a double system of pairs of jacks (14) and (15).
  • the slope of the front part (16) of the refractory lining (17) makes it possible to obtain this total emptying without raising the pocket to the vertical, which reduces the required stroke of the jack (14).
  • the internal lining (17) supported by the metal carcass (19) is preferably made up of two parts: an external part in contact with the metal carcass, which is of low thermal conductivity and acts as an insulator, and a part internal, in contact with the liquid metal, which is refractory and chemically inert with respect to the liquid metal and the various treatment agents.
  • the internal partition (18) delimits a first compartment (20) located at the rear of the pocket and a second compartment (21) located at the front, the terms “rear” and "front” being taken with respect to the direction of circulation of liquid metal which enters through the chute (22) and flows through the pouring spout (10).
  • the inlet chute (22) is arranged on one side of the rear compartment. If the solution of lateral tilting of the pocket had been chosen, the chute could be arranged either laterally, and on the side opposite to the tilting, or at the rear of the pocket.
  • connection between the pouring spout (10) and the flow channel (23) is effected by the usual means known to specialists in the foundry of light alloys.
  • the internal partition (18) is preferably made of a material which is heat conducive, for a reason which will be specified a little later. It is preferable that it be removable without damaging the lining (17).
  • the pocket, object of the invention comprises several partitions arranged in baffles delimiting several compartments which the liquid metal passes through successively, each compartment provided same or different treatment: filtration, injection of inert or active gas, mixing with a flow, etc ...
  • the pocket (3) further comprises a cover (24) also constituted by a metal frame and a refractory and heat-resistant lining.
  • the part (25) of the cover which surmounts the rear of the pocket, is removable or liftable, for example by rotation about the axis (26).
  • the rear part (27) of the lining (17) is slightly inclined so that, the movable part (25) of the cover being raised, these dross are easily removed with a simple manual scraping tool, without disturbing the treatment.
  • the cover rests on the pocket in a substantially sealed manner, thanks to the seals (28). In this way, the evacuation of gaseous products possibly injected into the metal is carried out only by the inlet chute (22), which facilitates their capture.
  • the cover (24) is provided with an orifice (29) intended for the introduction into the pocket either of a heating means, or of a means of injection into the liquid metal of a treatment agent, the term "agent” designating any solid, liquid, gaseous or vaporized product used to treat the metal, in the sense defined above.
  • the cover (24) may include two or more orifices (29) for the alternating introduction of several heating or injection means.
  • the cover (24) is released, for example, by raising into position (24 ').
  • the cover is provided with a stirrup (30A) connected to a mechanical or hydraulic lifting device, of any known type, which finds its place in the lifting column (31) secured to the platform (1).
  • the device, object of the invention was provided with internal heating by immersion heater, removable and independent of the internal lining, which had never was implemented in the foundry pockets existing to date.
  • the active element of the immersion heater (32) is, for example, an electrical resistance protected by a sheath which is good conductor of heat, resistant to thermal shocks, waterproof and chemically resistant to molten metal.
  • a 20 kW immersion heater provides preheating of the empty bag from 20 to 700 ° C. in about thirty hours, and maintaining the temperature of the pocket, full or empty, around 750 ° C with adequate regulation. It can also heat the metal at a speed of around 60 ° C / hour. Thanks to the good thermal conductivity of the partition (18), the heating also acts effectively on the second compartment (21).
  • the support of the immersion heater (32) which, moreover, ensures the passage and protection of the power cables and temperature sensors, comprises a conical sleeve (33), the conicity of which cooperates with the conicity of the orifice (29) of the cover, to ensure both precise positioning and a tight connection.
  • the treatment agent injection device (34), whatever it may be, comprises a conical sleeve (33) which performs the same function.
  • the manipulator In order to ensure rapid exchange between the immersion heater (32) and the injector (34), these two members are arranged on a manipulator (36) supported by the column (37).
  • the manipulator is connected to a mechanical or hydraulic lifting means, along the column (37) which can, when the manipulator ( 36) is in the high position (36 '), rotate around its axis to ensure the exchange and the return to the working position of the immersion heater (32) or of the injector (34).
  • the two columns (31) and (37) are preferably connected by an easily removable horizontal crosspiece (38) for possible removal of the pocket (3) by an external handling means such as a monorail hoist, overhead crane, etc.
  • the design of the device, object of the invention ensures very great flexibility of use, while allowing the implementation and the combination of the various known processes for the ultimate purification of aluminum and alloys based on aluminum, magnesium and magnesium alloys.
  • a container comprising a rotor ( 39) in the form of a cylinder fitted with paddles (40) plunging into the bath, connected a hollow drive shaft (41) for supplying gas.
  • the rotor is pierced with pairs of channels (42), each pair comprises a channel (43) which is used for the passage of the liquid, and the other (44) for the passage of the gas, each of the couples opens separately at the same point (45 ) from the lateral surface of the cylinder so that a fine liquid-gas dispersion is formed there, which is then distributed in the bath by means of the vanes (40).
  • the injector can be supplied with treatment agent, from the device claimed in French patent application no. 81 06 134 and which comprises a reservoir of halogenated product liquid at room temperature connected to the inlet at a metering micropump, the output of which flows on a vaporizer provided with a heating means, and connected to a source of inert gas, provided with a pressure and flow control means, and a connecting pipe between the vaporizer and the 'injector (34).
  • the metal being treated in the first compartment can, in addition, and in a known manner, receive a cover of liquid or solid halogenated flux at the treatment temperature.
  • the second compartment can receive different filtration devices such as: alumina beads of adequate particle size, or flux grains.
  • the holding in place and the exchange of such filtering beds based on solid flux grains can be carried out according to the interchangeable cartridge technique described in French patent 2,463,816 (SERVIMETAL).
  • the wall, or part of the wall of the cartridge can act as a partition between the first and the second compartment.
  • Filtration of the metal can also be obtained by the use of filter blocks in sintered flow, described in French patent 2,446,862 (SERVIMETAL).
  • the first has a capacity of 600 kg of liquid aluminum and is intended to process up to 10 tonnes / hour of metal. At this rate, the average duration of stay of the metal in the pocket is of the order of three and a half minutes.
  • the injector used is the rotor with coupled channels, described above, rotating at 150 rpm ( Figures 5 and 6). An argon-chlorine mixture containing 5% chlorine was injected, at a rate of 4 Nm 3 / hour for a flow rate of 6 tonnes / hour of metal to be treated.
  • the second has a capacity of 2,400 kg of liquid aluminum and can process up to 40 tonnes / hour of metal. It includes two rotary injectors with coupled channels, delivering a total of 16 Nm3 / hour of the same argon-chlorine mixture with 5% chlorine.
  • the processing bag object of 1 .invention, has a number of decisive advantages over the bags currently in use.
  • the device, object of the invention lends itself particularly well to full automation, all maneuvers of tilting front and rear, lifting and fitting the cover, lifting, swapping and laying the immersion heater and the injector, preheating, temperature maintenance, etc. which can be programmed, with the various safety features and prohibitions necessary, and centralized on a console placed at a distance, which also controls the hydraulic power station controlling the various tilting and raising / lowering cylinders for the cover, the immersion heater and the injector.
EP82420144A 1981-10-14 1982-10-12 Vorrichtung zur durchlaufenden Behandlung von flüssigen Aluminium- oder Magnesiummetallen oder -metallegierungen Expired EP0077282B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT82420144T ATE11573T1 (de) 1981-10-14 1982-10-12 Vorrichtung zur durchlaufenden behandlung von fluessigen aluminium- oder magnesiummetallen oder -metallegierungen.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8119710 1981-10-14
FR8119710A FR2514370B1 (fr) 1981-10-14 1981-10-14 Dispositif pour le traitement, au passage, d'un courant de metal ou alliage liquide a base d'aluminium ou de magnesium

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0077282A1 true EP0077282A1 (de) 1983-04-20
EP0077282B1 EP0077282B1 (de) 1985-01-30

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82420144A Expired EP0077282B1 (de) 1981-10-14 1982-10-12 Vorrichtung zur durchlaufenden Behandlung von flüssigen Aluminium- oder Magnesiummetallen oder -metallegierungen

Country Status (27)

Country Link
US (1) US4443004A (de)
EP (1) EP0077282B1 (de)
JP (2) JPS5874248A (de)
KR (1) KR890001787B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE11573T1 (de)
AU (1) AU550685B2 (de)
BR (1) BR8205976A (de)
CA (1) CA1193096A (de)
CS (1) CS264309B2 (de)
DD (1) DD203747A5 (de)
DE (1) DE3262161D1 (de)
DK (1) DK158324C (de)
ES (1) ES8307300A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2514370B1 (de)
GR (1) GR70731B (de)
HK (1) HK27786A (de)
HU (1) HU191190B (de)
IE (1) IE53901B1 (de)
IN (1) IN156683B (de)
NO (1) NO160529C (de)
PL (1) PL130884B1 (de)
RO (1) RO85570B (de)
SU (1) SU1279535A1 (de)
TR (1) TR21776A (de)
UA (1) UA5552A1 (de)
YU (1) YU43099B (de)
ZA (1) ZA827492B (de)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1985004675A1 (fr) * 1984-04-13 1985-10-24 Aluminium Pechiney Perfectionnement au dispositif de traitement, au passage, d'un courant de metal ou alliage liquide a base d'aluminium ou de magnesium
EP0245601A2 (de) * 1986-03-05 1987-11-19 Showa Aluminum Corporation Vorrichtung zum Behandeln von geschmolzenen Metallen
FR2652018A1 (fr) * 1989-09-20 1991-03-22 Pechiney Rhenalu Dispositif de traitement au moyen de gaz d'un bain liquide d'aluminium de grande surface maintenu a l'etat stationnaire dans un four.
FR2669041A1 (fr) * 1990-11-09 1992-05-15 Sfrm Procede pour le traitement d'un metal en fusion et son transfert dans un espace recepteur et systeme pour la mise en óoeuvre de ce procede.
WO1995013402A1 (fr) * 1993-11-12 1995-05-18 Pechiney Rhenalu Poche de traitement de metal liquide de faible encombrement
WO1995021273A1 (en) * 1994-02-04 1995-08-10 Alcan International Limited Gas treatment of molten metals
US5660614A (en) * 1994-02-04 1997-08-26 Alcan International Limited Gas treatment of molten metals

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS60204842A (ja) * 1984-03-29 1985-10-16 Showa Alum Corp 溶融マグネシウムの処理方法
JPS60208432A (ja) * 1984-03-30 1985-10-21 Showa Alum Corp 溶融金属の処理装置
DE3564449D1 (en) * 1984-11-29 1988-09-22 Foseco Int Rotary device, apparatus and method for treating molten metal
JPH01271059A (ja) * 1988-04-21 1989-10-30 Honda Kinzoku Gijutsu Kk 金属連続溶解保持炉
US5364078A (en) * 1991-02-19 1994-11-15 Praxair Technology, Inc. Gas dispersion apparatus for molten aluminum refining
US5234202A (en) * 1991-02-19 1993-08-10 Praxair Technology, Inc. Gas dispersion apparatus for molten aluminum refining
US5718416A (en) * 1996-01-30 1998-02-17 Pyrotek, Inc. Lid and containment vessel for refining molten metal
US6217631B1 (en) * 1996-07-17 2001-04-17 C. Edward Eckert Method and apparatus for treating molten aluminum
US6056803A (en) * 1997-12-24 2000-05-02 Alcan International Limited Injector for gas treatment of molten metals
JP4248798B2 (ja) * 2002-02-14 2009-04-02 株式会社パイロテック・ジャパン インライン脱ガス装置
JP6317604B2 (ja) * 2014-03-20 2018-04-25 東京窯業株式会社 気泡の放出分散装置

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2840463A (en) * 1954-05-13 1958-06-24 Aluminum Co Of America Degassing and purifying molten aluminous metal
DE1207554B (de) * 1962-03-21 1965-12-23 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Wahlweise um zwei verschiedene Kippachsen kippbarer rinnenloser Induktions-Tiegelofen
DE1758685A1 (de) * 1968-08-23 1971-03-11 Hermann Zepernick Tiegelofen mit zwei Schwenkachsen
US3870511A (en) * 1971-12-27 1975-03-11 Union Carbide Corp Process for refining molten aluminum
US4008884A (en) * 1976-06-17 1977-02-22 Alcan Research And Development Limited Stirring molten metal
US4040610A (en) * 1976-08-16 1977-08-09 Union Carbide Corporation Apparatus for refining molten metal
US4087080A (en) * 1975-04-29 1978-05-02 Swiss Aluminium Ltd. Apparatus for filtering metal melts

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5043129U (de) * 1973-08-23 1975-05-01
US3958980A (en) * 1974-11-08 1976-05-25 Union Carbide Corporation Process for removing alkali-metal impurities from molten aluminum
GB1522957A (en) * 1974-12-12 1978-08-31 British Steel Corp Removal of sulphur from molten metal
JPS5237518A (en) * 1975-09-22 1977-03-23 Hitachi Ltd Automatic pouring device
US4090054A (en) * 1976-10-12 1978-05-16 Brown Boveri Corporation Electrical preheating apparatus

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2840463A (en) * 1954-05-13 1958-06-24 Aluminum Co Of America Degassing and purifying molten aluminous metal
DE1207554B (de) * 1962-03-21 1965-12-23 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Wahlweise um zwei verschiedene Kippachsen kippbarer rinnenloser Induktions-Tiegelofen
DE1758685A1 (de) * 1968-08-23 1971-03-11 Hermann Zepernick Tiegelofen mit zwei Schwenkachsen
US3870511A (en) * 1971-12-27 1975-03-11 Union Carbide Corp Process for refining molten aluminum
US4087080A (en) * 1975-04-29 1978-05-02 Swiss Aluminium Ltd. Apparatus for filtering metal melts
US4008884A (en) * 1976-06-17 1977-02-22 Alcan Research And Development Limited Stirring molten metal
US4040610A (en) * 1976-08-16 1977-08-09 Union Carbide Corporation Apparatus for refining molten metal

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1985004675A1 (fr) * 1984-04-13 1985-10-24 Aluminium Pechiney Perfectionnement au dispositif de traitement, au passage, d'un courant de metal ou alliage liquide a base d'aluminium ou de magnesium
EP0245601A2 (de) * 1986-03-05 1987-11-19 Showa Aluminum Corporation Vorrichtung zum Behandeln von geschmolzenen Metallen
EP0245601A3 (en) * 1986-03-05 1988-08-31 Showa Aluminum Corporation Apparatus for treating molten metal
FR2652018A1 (fr) * 1989-09-20 1991-03-22 Pechiney Rhenalu Dispositif de traitement au moyen de gaz d'un bain liquide d'aluminium de grande surface maintenu a l'etat stationnaire dans un four.
EP0419378A1 (de) * 1989-09-20 1991-03-27 Pechiney Rhenalu Begasungsvorrichtung für ein stationäres Aluminium-Schmelzbad mit grosser Oberfläche
FR2669041A1 (fr) * 1990-11-09 1992-05-15 Sfrm Procede pour le traitement d'un metal en fusion et son transfert dans un espace recepteur et systeme pour la mise en óoeuvre de ce procede.
WO1995013402A1 (fr) * 1993-11-12 1995-05-18 Pechiney Rhenalu Poche de traitement de metal liquide de faible encombrement
FR2712217A1 (fr) * 1993-11-12 1995-05-19 Pechiney Rhenalu Poche de traitement de métal liquide de faible encombrement et de performances améliorées.
WO1995021273A1 (en) * 1994-02-04 1995-08-10 Alcan International Limited Gas treatment of molten metals
US5527381A (en) * 1994-02-04 1996-06-18 Alcan International Limited Gas treatment of molten metals
US5593634A (en) * 1994-02-04 1997-01-14 Alcan International Limited Gas treatment of molten metals
US5656236A (en) * 1994-02-04 1997-08-12 Alcan International Limited Apparatus for gas treatment of molten metals
US5660614A (en) * 1994-02-04 1997-08-26 Alcan International Limited Gas treatment of molten metals

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
HU191190B (en) 1987-01-28
JPS6250534B2 (de) 1987-10-26
EP0077282B1 (de) 1985-01-30
SU1279535A3 (ru) 1986-12-23
FR2514370A1 (fr) 1983-04-15
NO823419L (no) 1983-04-15
CS264309B2 (en) 1989-07-12
IN156683B (de) 1985-10-12
ES516442A0 (es) 1983-06-16
ATE11573T1 (de) 1985-02-15
JPS5874248A (ja) 1983-05-04
PL238536A1 (en) 1983-05-09
NO160529C (no) 1989-04-26
ZA827492B (en) 1983-12-28
AU8931882A (en) 1983-04-21
NO160529B (no) 1989-01-16
ES8307300A1 (es) 1983-06-16
JPS60121042A (ja) 1985-06-28
HK27786A (en) 1986-04-25
IE822477L (en) 1983-04-14
CA1193096A (fr) 1985-09-10
DD203747A5 (de) 1983-11-02
DE3262161D1 (en) 1985-03-14
DK158324C (da) 1990-10-01
FR2514370B1 (fr) 1989-09-29
SU1279535A1 (ru) 1986-12-23
KR890001787B1 (ko) 1989-05-22
DK453082A (da) 1983-04-15
CS717882A2 (en) 1988-09-16
US4443004A (en) 1984-04-17
YU43099B (en) 1989-02-28
TR21776A (tr) 1985-07-02
BR8205976A (pt) 1983-09-13
RO85570A (ro) 1985-03-15
GR70731B (de) 1983-02-01
IE53901B1 (en) 1989-04-12
UA5552A1 (uk) 1994-12-28
DK158324B (da) 1990-04-30
AU550685B2 (en) 1986-03-27
RO85570B (ro) 1985-03-30
YU227382A (en) 1985-04-30
PL130884B1 (en) 1984-09-29

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