EP0074471B1 - Verfahren zum Herstellen von Wärmetauschern aus keramischen Folien - Google Patents

Verfahren zum Herstellen von Wärmetauschern aus keramischen Folien Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0074471B1
EP0074471B1 EP82105905A EP82105905A EP0074471B1 EP 0074471 B1 EP0074471 B1 EP 0074471B1 EP 82105905 A EP82105905 A EP 82105905A EP 82105905 A EP82105905 A EP 82105905A EP 0074471 B1 EP0074471 B1 EP 0074471B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ceramic
foils
weight
heat exchanger
sheets
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP82105905A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0074471A3 (en
EP0074471A2 (de
Inventor
Jürgen Dr. Dipl.-Ing. Heinrich
Heinrich Ing.Grad. Schelter
Stefan Dr. Dipl.-Chem. Schindler
Axel Dr. Dipl.-Ing. Krauth
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ceramtec GmbH
Original Assignee
Ceramtec GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ceramtec GmbH filed Critical Ceramtec GmbH
Priority to AT82105905T priority Critical patent/ATE11698T1/de
Publication of EP0074471A2 publication Critical patent/EP0074471A2/de
Publication of EP0074471A3 publication Critical patent/EP0074471A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0074471B1 publication Critical patent/EP0074471B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/04—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of ceramic; of concrete; of natural stone
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
    • Y10T156/10—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor
    • Y10T156/1052—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor with cutting, punching, tearing or severing
    • Y10T156/1062—Prior to assembly

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing ceramic heat exchangers by punching out and stacking pieces of film made from film strips cast using ceramic slips, the block-shaped heat exchanger thus produced being subjected to a lamination process using a plastic compound or an adhesive, and then the raw body being subjected to a sintering process becomes.
  • the defects that have occurred in the described method do not allow rational mass production, in particular if undercutting or curved channel guides are necessary.
  • the heat exchangers often have an inhomogeneous structure after their completion. This is particularly evident in the case of heat exchangers made of silicon nitride, since the porous surface of this material means that no smooth flow channels are obtained and the flow behavior is therefore not optimal.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of improving a method of the type mentioned at the outset such that engagement and curved duct guides are also possible, and furthermore when the individual foils are joined to form a heat exchanger, the spacers, the end pieces and the milling of the windows are eliminated, in particular, the lamination errors are eliminated and the processing of the laminated raw body is possible with appropriate tools.
  • the slip consists of a ceramic powder, organic binders, dispersing or diluting agents and, if necessary, plasticizers and other auxiliaries in the form of oils.
  • the starting point is mainly silicon slip, to which 3 to 10% by weight of cordierite is preferably added.
  • Other ceramic powders consist of cordierite with the composition of 9 to 20 wt.% MgO, 30 to 50 wt.% Al 2 O 3 and 41 to 57 wt.% SiO 2 .
  • Silicon carbide is also suitable, the mixture consisting of 70 to 92% by weight of SiC and 8 to 30% by weight of C.
  • semiconducting barium titanates can be used if the heat exchanger block is to be used as a heating element at the same time, by being supplied with electrical current.
  • the organic binder per se is not subject to any particular restriction provided that a good bond to the ceramic powder is guaranteed and the required toughness and dimensional stability are present in the film, if necessary in combination with the plasticizer.
  • Polyvinyl acetates and polyvinyl butyral have proven particularly successful.
  • Water or organic solvents such as ethanol, toluene and trichlorethylene are used as dispersing and diluting agents.
  • Frame formulations which are particularly suitable according to the invention for the production of the ceramic films are given below, the slip formulations being broken down by ceramic raw materials and binders or solvents:
  • the viscosity of the slip can be influenced in particular by the solvent content. It has also been found that the use of ultrasound in the treatment of the casting slip is particularly advantageous. This treatment gives a casting slurry with greater homogeneity, better casting properties and a maximum content of solids, which has a particular effect on the bulk density of the film. In this way, films with a higher packing density and improved mechanical properties can be obtained. Furthermore, it makes sense to provide a vibrating device on the casting belt that compresses the casting slurry again or enables a uniform film thickness over the entire range.
  • the ceramic films are brought to their final dimensions after lamination. If thick foils or very high flow channels are required, which exceed the foil thickness of 0.1 to 1.5 mm, the foils are connected to individual cards with a lamination aid in a pre-lamination process. Various flow channels are then punched out of these foils or cards or the foil is subjected to an embossing process. In the latter case, the ceramic foils are exposed in matrices at 20 to 120 ° C and pressures of 5 to 100 bar, which results in comb-like projections.
  • the punched or embossed cards are then built up by means of a device to form a heat exchanger block, with which the individual layers are laminated together with the aid of a laminating press.
  • a press device In the lamination process, a press device is used at pressures of 0.1 to 15, preferably 1 bar and time intervals of 1 to 10 s. Normally work is done at room temperature, but temperatures up to 100 ° C can also be used. In individual cases, the pressure used depends on the organic content and the type of lamination aid. For the lamination process, either a paste is used, which preferably contains a ceramic filler, or a purely organic adhesive, which is applied by screen printing, spraying or rolling.
  • the use of lamination aids has several advantages. On the one hand, low pressures are made possible during the lamination process, whereby deformation of the flow channels is avoided. Furthermore, the waviness of the foils is compensated and finally the lamination aid effectively reduces the lamination errors.
  • the organic constituents are then heated from 40 to 60% of the plastic content, which results in an additional raw strength. This also ensures that the heat exchanger block is easy to machine without the tools smearing through the organic components of the ceramic film.
  • the remaining organic components are then heated and the heat exchanger block sintered between 1200 and 1700 ° C. It may still be necessary to rework the inlet and outlet openings of the flow channels in order to maintain a good connection to the various supply and discharge media.
  • the method according to the invention also enables extensive automation, since in the previous production, due to the individual handling during punching, positioning and laminating, no continuous work process could be carried out.
  • heat exchangers are obtained which are very homogeneous and show very good contact between the individual layers after sintering.
  • the improved method also results in better quality heat exchangers, and / or with little effort, so-called baffles can be installed transversely to the flow device of the channels.
  • the baffles can be selected and are no longer dependent on the manufacturing process.
  • Another possibility provides that curved flow channels can be produced. This means that asymmetrical and cylindrical heat exchangers can also be manufactured.
  • heat exchangers can be obtained which optionally consist of layers of silicon nitride, silicon carbide and cordierite in the form of plates or foils in accordance with DE-A No. 2631092.
  • FIG. 1 shows the manufacturing process of a gas / liquid heat exchanger made of silicon nitride.
  • a gas / liquid heat exchanger made of silicon nitride.
  • To produce the ceramic casting slip 100% by weight of silicon powder with 24% by weight of ethanol, 10% by weight of toluene, 1.5% by weight of Menhaden oil, 8% by weight of polyvinyl butyral and 5% by weight as plasticizer.
  • -% Palatinol and / or Ucon-Oil added. This mixture is milled in a drum mill with Al 2 O 3 balls for 20 h and the slip is then evacuated. The bad The warping of the slip for film production takes place on a steel belt.
  • the slip is added via a casting shoe, the film thickness being determined by an adjustable gap height of 0.2 to 1.5 mm on the casting shoe.
  • the stacked heat exchanger block after having been removed from the laminating press, is subjected to a temperature treatment at temperatures between 100 and 200 ° C.
  • the organic components especially the plasticizer and the lamination aid, evaporate.
  • the baking process takes 1 to 2 days, with 40 to 60% of the organic components being expelled from the heat exchanger block.
  • the heat exchanger block can then be machined by milling or sawing so that it obtains its final mass.
  • the remaining content of organic constituents is then baked out at temperatures between 200 and 300 ° C. over a period of about 2 to 3 days. This measure eliminates the usual pre-sintering or pre-nitriding at 1100 to 1300 ° C, in particular in the case of silicon foils.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Products (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Producing Shaped Articles From Materials (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
EP82105905A 1981-09-12 1982-07-02 Verfahren zum Herstellen von Wärmetauschern aus keramischen Folien Expired EP0074471B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT82105905T ATE11698T1 (de) 1981-09-12 1982-07-02 Verfahren zum herstellen von waermetauschern aus keramischen folien.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19813136253 DE3136253A1 (de) 1981-09-12 1981-09-12 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum herstellen von waermetauschern aus keramischen folien
DE3136253 1981-09-12

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0074471A2 EP0074471A2 (de) 1983-03-23
EP0074471A3 EP0074471A3 (en) 1983-06-22
EP0074471B1 true EP0074471B1 (de) 1985-02-06

Family

ID=6141507

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82105905A Expired EP0074471B1 (de) 1981-09-12 1982-07-02 Verfahren zum Herstellen von Wärmetauschern aus keramischen Folien

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4526635A (ja)
EP (1) EP0074471B1 (ja)
JP (1) JPS5860195A (ja)
AT (1) ATE11698T1 (ja)
DE (2) DE3136253A1 (ja)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4100108C1 (en) * 1991-01-04 1992-04-09 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart, De Joining non-sintered ceramic film to further laminate - involves applying layer contg. solvent for binder of ceramic film to surface to be connected

Families Citing this family (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3213378C2 (de) * 1982-04-10 1984-10-11 Pacific Wietz Gmbh + Co Kg, 4600 Dortmund Mehrschichtiger Gleitkörper und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
JPS6183897A (ja) * 1984-09-28 1986-04-28 Asahi Glass Co Ltd セラミツクス製の熱交換体
US4875712A (en) * 1985-02-05 1989-10-24 Asahi Glass Company, Ltd. Joint structure for a tube support plate and a tube
US4838581A (en) * 1985-02-05 1989-06-13 Asahi Glass Company Ltd. Joint structure for a tube support plate and a tube
DE3717670A1 (de) * 1986-11-21 1988-06-01 Hoechst Ceram Tec Ag Verfahren zum abdichten keramischer waermetauscher
DE3643749A1 (de) * 1986-12-20 1988-06-30 Hoechst Ag Waermetauschermodul aus gebranntem keramischen material
DE3643750A1 (de) * 1986-12-20 1988-06-30 Hoechst Ag Waermetauschermodul aus gebranntem keramischen material
DE3719606A1 (de) * 1987-06-12 1988-12-22 Hoechst Ceram Tec Ag Verfahren zur silicierung von poroesen formkoerpern aus siliciumcarbid oder siliciumcarbid/kohlenstoff
JPH0670941B2 (ja) * 1988-12-15 1994-09-07 株式会社村田製作所 積層コンデンサの製造方法
US5035961A (en) * 1989-07-05 1991-07-30 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Internal cross-anchoring and reinforcing of multi-layer conductive oxides
DE4022654A1 (de) * 1990-07-17 1992-01-23 Hoechst Ag Karte aus keramischem material zum aufbau von durchlaessigen strukturen
WO1994002294A1 (de) * 1992-07-15 1994-02-03 Hoechst Ceramtec Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum aufbauen strukturierter keramischer grünkörper
JP4239077B2 (ja) * 2003-08-20 2009-03-18 独立行政法人 日本原子力研究開発機構 高温耐食性セラミックス製コンパクト熱交換器
DE10361346A1 (de) * 2003-12-16 2005-07-14 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Platten-Wärmeübertrager, Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Platten-Wärmeübertragers und keramischer Faserverbundwerkstoff, insbesondere für einen Platten-Wärmeübertrager
FR2905754B1 (fr) * 2006-09-12 2008-10-31 Boostec Sa Sa Procede de fabrication d'un dispositif de type echangeur de chaleur en carbure de silicium et dispositif en carbure de silicium realise par le procede
DE102007048013A1 (de) * 2007-09-27 2009-04-02 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines keramischen Wärmeübertragers und keramischer Hochtemperatur-Wärmeübertrager
ES2531124B1 (es) * 2013-09-10 2016-01-22 Valeo Térmico, S. A. Intercambiador de calor para gases, en especial de los gases de escape de un motor
US9696097B2 (en) * 2014-08-01 2017-07-04 Applied Materials, Inc. Multi-substrate thermal management apparatus

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DE2841571A1 (de) * 1978-09-23 1980-04-03 Kernforschungsanlage Juelich Einflutiger keramischer rekuperator und verfahren zu seiner herstellung

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US4202660A (en) * 1970-04-22 1980-05-13 Owens-Illinois, Inc. Glass-ceramic article and method of making same
BE790158A (fr) * 1971-12-21 1973-02-15 Chausson Usines Sa Dispositif pour l'empilage alterne d'ailettes de radiateurs et elementsanalogues de nature differente
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JPS5839799B2 (ja) * 1978-05-02 1983-09-01 日産自動車株式会社 大型ハニカム構造体の製造方法
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Patent Citations (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2841571A1 (de) * 1978-09-23 1980-04-03 Kernforschungsanlage Juelich Einflutiger keramischer rekuperator und verfahren zu seiner herstellung

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4100108C1 (en) * 1991-01-04 1992-04-09 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart, De Joining non-sintered ceramic film to further laminate - involves applying layer contg. solvent for binder of ceramic film to surface to be connected

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5860195A (ja) 1983-04-09
US4526635A (en) 1985-07-02
DE3262215D1 (en) 1985-03-21
EP0074471A3 (en) 1983-06-22
EP0074471A2 (de) 1983-03-23
JPH0219400B2 (ja) 1990-05-01
ATE11698T1 (de) 1985-02-15
DE3136253A1 (de) 1983-03-31

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