Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
  • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
  • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
  • B42D25/40—Manufacture
  • B42D25/405—Marking
  • B42D25/415—Marking using chemicals
  • B42D25/42—Marking using chemicals by photographic processes
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
  • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
  • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
  • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
  • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
  • B42D25/40—Manufacture
  • B42D25/45—Associating two or more layers
  • B42D25/455—Associating two or more layers using heat
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
  • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
  • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
  • B42D25/40—Manufacture
  • B42D25/45—Associating two or more layers
  • B42D25/46—Associating two or more layers using pressure
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
  • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
  • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
  • B42D25/40—Manufacture
  • B42D25/45—Associating two or more layers
  • B42D25/465—Associating two or more layers using chemicals or adhesives
  • B42D25/47—Associating two or more layers using chemicals or adhesives using adhesives
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
  • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
  • G03C11/00—Auxiliary processes in photography
  • G03C11/08—Varnishing, e.g. application of protective layers on finished photographic prints
• • B42D2033/04—
• • B42D2033/14—
• • B42D2033/28—
• • B42D2033/30—
• • B42D2035/08—
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10S283/00—Printed matter
  • Y10S283/904—Credit card
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10S428/916—Fraud or tamper detecting
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
  • Y10T428/24802—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.]
  • Y10T428/24843—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.] with heat sealable or heat releasable adhesive layer
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
  • Y10T428/24802—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.]
  • Y10T428/24893—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.] including particulate material

Definitions

• the invention relates to a tamper-proof document that is laminated on both sides with plastic films, and to a method for producing the tamper-proof document.
• Forgery-proof documents are becoming increasingly important. You will e.g. B. in the form of credit cards from banks, retail stores, oil companies, airlines or credit companies to facilitate cashless payments. Such documents contain information that relates to the owner as well as the body issuing the document and that is in both interests to be protected against counterfeiting. There has been no shortage of attempts to provide information carriers of the type mentioned above in a forgery-proof manner.
• the laminating film is prepared in places so that it does not adhere to the prepared areas on the paper surface of the films.
• An attempt to subsequently peel off the laminating film then has the consequence that when the unprepared areas are reached the tear breaks away from the paper surface due to the lower resistance and tears the paper surface (DE-OS 2511 367).
• a printed information carrier consisting of a paper card and a foil border, a so-called “composite ticking”, is welded between two transparent foils.
• the film border provides for an edge seal that encompasses the edges of the paper card, which makes it difficult to split the welded card (DE-OS 2 756 691).
• a disadvantage of the known lamination processes is that the foils used for this purpose only bond imperfectly to the surface of the information carrier during welding and thus offer only limited protection against counterfeiting. Edge welding also does not mean a significant improvement under these circumstances, since it can be easily removed and replaced again.
• the known lamination processes also have the disadvantage that the laminated film can be separated from the paper backing by heating or by chemical means.
• the card is not sufficiently forgery-proof.
• EP-A-31 521 describes an information carrier which is connected to films on both sides by means of a radically crosslinkable mass and which, after being crosslinked, constitutes a tamper-proof document.
• the manufacturing method is complex and leads to products whose flatness still leaves something to be desired.
• the invention has for its object to provide a forgery-proof document with an information carrier in the form of a photographically and printing-prepared photographic material, in which the entire surface of the information carrier is inextricably linked with a "- transparent film material and which on the Information attached to information carriers can no longer be accessed without destroying the information carrier and are therefore reliably protected against subsequent changes.
• the invention relates to a forgery-proof document, consisting of an information carrier laminated with at least one transparent film made of a photographic material, which contains at least one layer made of a plastic and is characterized in that the photographic material has a layer containing gelatin on its front and back has, on both sides with the transparent film via an adhesive layer containing poly-1,2-alkylenimine, and that the softening point of the plastic of the photographic material is lower than the softening point of the plastic of the transparent film.
• the polyalkyleneimine resins used in the adhesive layer according to the invention are in principle polymerization products of ethyleneimine and its C and N substitution products.
• the reactions leading to such polymerization products which may contain oxygen, sulfur or phosphorus as heteroatoms in addition to nitrogen, are described in “Methods of Organic Chemistry (Houben-Weyl)” Volume XIV / 2, pages 568-579.
• Details of polymerized C-alkyl and N-alkyl derivatives of ethyleneimine can be found in German Patents 888170 and 914 325. Further attention is drawn to G.D. Jones, J. Org. Chem. 9, 484 (1944); L.D. Klapp, Am. Soc. 70, 184 (1948); Y. Minoura, M. Takebayashi and C.C. Price, Am. Soc. 81: 4689 (1959); H. Bestian, Ang. Ch. 62, 451 (1950).
• polyalkyleneimine resins homopolymers or copolymers of ethyleneimine, propyleneimine and butyleneimine have been found, e.g. B. those described in US Pat. No. 3,418,204 and in particular those described in US Pat. No. 3,909,469.
• Polyethyleneimine with a molecular weight of 40,000 to 60,000 is preferred.
• the present adhesive layers are produced from non-gelling aqueous solutions or dispersions which contain polyalkyleneimine, optionally an acid or an alkylating agent and preferably a modifying agent.
• Suitable modifiers are saturated or unsaturated lower aliphatic ketones and aldehydes, preferably with up to 6 carbon atoms, e.g. B. formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, butyraldehyde, chloral, acetone or acrolein.
• a preferred modifier is formaldehyde.
• Polyfunctional compounds which are able to react with the poly-1,2-alkyleneimine, in particular with its imino groups have also proven to be suitable modifiers.
• Examples are polyhalohydrins, polyisocyanates, polyepoxides and polyaziridinyl compounds, such as. B. epichlorohydrin, hexamethylene diisocyanate, polyvinylcyclohexene dioxide, tris (1-aziridinyl) phosphine oxide, finally unsaturated carboxylic acids and their derivatives such as chlorides and esters, e.g. As acrylic acid, acrylic acid chloride or acrylates.
• acids or alkylating agents are inorganic and organic acids, e.g. B. aliphatic carboxylic acids with up to 6 carbon atoms such. B. acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, malonic acid and succinic acid or their anhydrides. Acetic acid is preferred.
• carboxylic acids can also be used which have only limited solubility in water. In these cases it is possible to increase the solubility of the carboxylic acids by placing them in an organic solvent that is miscible with water, e.g. B. alcohol dissolves.
• hydrohalic acids sulfonic acids
• boron fluoride borofluoride etherate
• diazonium fluoroborates alkyl halides
• dialkyl sulfates carboxylic acid and sulfonic acid chlorides or sulfonic acid esters.
• compounds that split off acids such as. B. ⁇ -chloroethylamine, amine hydrochloride and also certain silver salts, especially silver perchlorates, are effective.
• the composition of the adhesive layer solution can be varied within wide limits.
• An example of a suitable composition is an adhesive layer solution which contains 0.05 to 10% by weight of poly-1,2-alkyleneimine, 0.01 to 2% by weight of modifying agent and optionally 0.01 to 1% by weight a carboxylic acid, based on the carboxyl groups of the carboxylic acid.
• a preferred adhesive layer composition contains 0.1 to 5% by weight of polyethyleneimine, 0.05 to 1% by weight of modifier, optionally 0.05 to 0.2% by weight of a carboxylic acid as defined above and the balance water or others additives necessary for setting certain properties.
• the adhesive layers used in the manner according to the invention develop excellent adhesive properties and a surprising resistance to water during drying.
• a small amount of a thickener can be added to the aqueous adhesive layer solution, or a resin which further improves the water resistance of the adhesive layer after heat treatment, or a defoaming agent in order to prevent foaming, which can have disadvantages for the use of the adhesive solution .
• a thickener, an additional resin or a defoamer can be used individually or together in the following amounts by weight: 0.01 to 1 wt .-% thickener, e.g. B.
• a thickener from the group of hydroxyethyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol and methyl cellulose, 0.01 to 2 wt .-% of a resin, such as melamine formaldehyde or urea formaldehyde resin, and 0.01 to 0.1 wt .-% of a defoamer, such as. B. Dimethylpolysiloxane.
• the weight ratio of the thickeners or the resins to the polyalkyleneimine depends on the nature of these additives. In general, ratios of 1: to 1: 100, preferably 1: 3 to 1: 30, are suitable.
• Thermoplastics such as z. B. polyolefins such as polyethylene, polypropylene, cellulose esters, polyvinyl acetate, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyvinyl fluoride, polytetrahalogenethylene, polycarbonate, in particular based on bisphenol A, polyester, in particular based on polyethylene and polybutylene terephthalate, polyamides, e.g. B. polyamide-6 or polyamide-6,6, polyamide-12 or copolyamides.
• polyolefins such as polyethylene, polypropylene, cellulose esters, polyvinyl acetate, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyvinyl fluoride, polytetrahalogenethylene, polycarbonate, in particular based on bisphenol A, polyester, in particular based on polyethylene and polybutylene terephthalate, polyamides, e.
• So-called composite films made of individual films of the same and different chemical composition can of course also be used.
• Examples include: polyethylene / polyamides, polypropylene / polyamides or polyolefin films with other film materials such as polyesters, e.g. B. polyethylene terephthalate.
• Suitable films and composite films are described in Ullmanns Encyklopadie der Technischen Chemie, 4th edition, volume 11, pages 673 ff.
• the individual foils can be connected by customary known, but preferably by the same adhesive layers that also serve to connect the composite foil to the information carrier.
• the thickness of the foils used according to the invention depends on the desired rigidity of the identification document. In general, film thicknesses between 15 and 250 microns will suffice; thicknesses between 50 and 200 ⁇ m are preferred.
• the surface of the film intended to absorb the adhesive layer composition can be subjected to a pretreatment prior to coating to improve the bond between the film and the adhesive layer, which ensures a uniform application of the coating solution and increases its adhesive strength. Good results are obtained e.g. B. with a conventional corona treatment.
• the application of the adhesive layer composition to the film can be carried out using the usual methods in the paint industry, such as. B. spraying, rolling, knife coating, printing, dipping, spinning, flooding, brushing, brushing, etc. take place.
• the dry layer thickness of the adhesive layer depends on the desired requirements and the expected adhesive effect. In general, usable results will be achieved with dry film thicknesses of 0.05 to 10 f.lm. Dry layer thicknesses of 0.05 to 2 f.Lm. Dry layer applications of 0.05-0.5 g per m 2 , based on poly-1,2-alkenyleneimine, are particularly preferred.
• the information carrier will consist of a photographic material containing a light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer that is constructed in the usual way, that is to say a light-sensitive layer, and contains at least one layer made of a plastic.
• the silver or dye information contained in the photosensitive layer is produced by imagewise exposure and the usual photographic processing.
• Both photographic paper and films containing black and white or color photographic records, image and / or characters and / or other information or other identification features can be used as information carriers.
• the layer support of such photographic information supports can consist of the usual materials used in technical or image photography. Examples include polyolefin-laminated papers and the usual film documents, e.g. B. from cellulose triacetate or polyester, optionally called pigmented, opaque support.
• the photographic emulsion or auxiliary layers of such information carriers have the compositions generally used in photographic materials.
• Examples of light-sensitive photographic layers with which the information carrier can be equipped are layers which are based on non-sensitized silver halide emulsions or spectrally sensitized silver halide emulsions.
• the known gelatin layers used for the various photographic black-and-white and color processes, negative, positive and diffusion transfer processes or printing processes are therefore suitable. Not only gelatin alone can be contained as a binder in the photographic gelatin layers.
• the layers can also contain the usual additives for changing the mechanical properties of photographic layers, such as.
• the information carrier can contain further security or identification features of the most varied types,. which can be created both photographically and by lettering, printing or embossing.
• z. B. can also be attached by machine, magnetically and optically readable data.
• the information carrier according to the invention does not differ in any way from the information carriers used in known documents.
• polyolefin-laminated paper is used as the layer support for the information carrier, it has proven expedient to equip the paper with a polyolefin, the melting point of which is about 10-30 ° C. lower than the melting point of the film of the film material carrying the adhesive layer.
• the film is heated to about 50 to 150 ° C and pressed against the surface of the information carrier, so that a bubble and crease-free laminate is formed.
• the lamination is supported by applying pressures in the range of 1 to 10 kp / cm 3 .
• the lamination, on both sides of the information carrier, which on the front and Back contains gelatin, is advantageously carried out continuously by bringing the individual information carriers together onto the foils running off the supply rolls and provided with the adhesive layer.
• the parts containing the information carriers can then be punched out of the resulting band-shaped laminate, the welded film being separated at a distance of approximately 1 to 2 mm from the edge of the information carrier, depending on the thickness of the information carrier.
• a wrapping of the information carrier which is closed on all sides is obtained, which makes subsequent edge welding unnecessary.
• discontinuous lamination using sheet-shaped pieces of film leads to the same results.
• the documents described are excellent forgery-proof. Just like the foils with the information carrier, the foil parts protruding beyond the information carrier are connected to one another in a practically inseparable manner. Even with the help of heat, the document can no longer be separated without completely destroying the information carrier.
• Conventional photographic paper was used as information carrier, the layer carrier of which consisted of paper laminated on both sides with polyethylene, which had an m 2 weight of approximately 120 g.
• the softening point of the polyethylene of the support was 110 ° C.
• the support was equipped with a light-sensitive silver halide gelatin emulsion layer and with a gelatin-containing protective layer and back layer, both of the same composition.
• a picture of the ID card holder along with the corresponding information was exposed, developed and fixed on the information carrier.
• the information carrier with the photographic and printing technology applied identification features was now placed between 2 of the above-mentioned polyethylene foils, the softening point of which was approximately 122 ° C., so that the adhesive layers of the foils came into contact with the two surfaces of the information carrier and the foils about 1 mm above the Protruding edge of the information carrier.
• the package was then passed between two rolls heated to 90 ° C. and pressed together with a pressure of approximately 1.5 kp / cm 2 .
• the polyethylene films were so firmly connected to the information carrier that when trying to separate the document after cutting the edge bonds while heated (about 100 ° C), the paper support of the information carrier was destroyed, but its remnants were removed from the films were recorded, which were also irreversibly stretched.
• the example was repeated, using a two-component material based on a polyisocyanate and a resin component containing hydroxyl groups (laminating adhesive EPS 71 from Dr. Kurt.) Both for bonding the composite film itself and for bonding the composite film to the information carrier instead of the adhesive layer described in the example Herbert's Wuppertal) existing adhesive layer was used.
• laminate adhesive EPS 71 from Dr. Kurt.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Toxicology (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Laminated Bodies (AREA)
• Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)
• Medicines Containing Antibodies Or Antigens For Use As Internal Diagnostic Agents (AREA)
• Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
• Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
• Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
• Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
• Printing Methods (AREA)
• Forging (AREA)
• Silver Salt Photography Or Processing Solution Therefor (AREA)
• Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
• Re-Forming, After-Treatment, Cutting And Transporting Of Glass Products (AREA)
• Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)
• Compounds Of Unknown Constitution (AREA)
• Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
• Document Processing Apparatus (AREA)
• Developing Agents For Electrophotography (AREA)
• Holders For Sensitive Materials And Originals (AREA)
• Lubricants (AREA)
• Orthopedics, Nursing, And Contraception (AREA)
• Absorbent Articles And Supports Therefor (AREA)

Priority Applications (1)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (3)

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• 1981
  • 1981-07-30 DE DE19813130071 patent/DE3130071A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 1982
  • 1982-06-28 IL IL66154A patent/IL66154A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1982-07-09 NO NO822394A patent/NO162803B/no unknown
  • 1982-07-09 FI FI822465A patent/FI77607C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1982-07-13 AU AU85953/82A patent/AU553306B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 1982-07-17 AT AT82106441T patent/ATE26087T1/de active
  • 1982-07-17 EP EP82106441A patent/EP0071124B1/de not_active Expired
  • 1982-07-17 DE DE8282106441T patent/DE3275824D1/de not_active Expired
  • 1982-07-21 PT PT75291A patent/PT75291B/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1982-07-26 US US06/401,655 patent/US4456667A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1982-07-26 JP JP57129111A patent/JPS5825984A/ja active Granted
  • 1982-07-27 NZ NZ201393A patent/NZ201393A/xx unknown
  • 1982-07-28 CA CA000408293A patent/CA1191438A/en not_active Expired
  • 1982-07-28 GR GR68888A patent/GR76239B/el unknown
  • 1982-07-29 DK DK340082A patent/DK340082A/da not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1982-07-29 IE IE1825/82A patent/IE53072B1/en unknown
  • 1982-07-29 ES ES514516A patent/ES8305635A1/es not_active Expired

Patent Citations (1)

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