EP0053707A2 - Procédé et dispositif pour le fixage thermique de dessins de teinte - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour le fixage thermique de dessins de teinte Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0053707A2
EP0053707A2 EP81109006A EP81109006A EP0053707A2 EP 0053707 A2 EP0053707 A2 EP 0053707A2 EP 81109006 A EP81109006 A EP 81109006A EP 81109006 A EP81109006 A EP 81109006A EP 0053707 A2 EP0053707 A2 EP 0053707A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
developer
liquid
nozzle arrangement
area
air
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP81109006A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0053707A3 (en
EP0053707B1 (fr
Inventor
Roland Dr. Moraw
Günther Schädlich
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hoechst AG
Original Assignee
Hoechst AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hoechst AG filed Critical Hoechst AG
Publication of EP0053707A2 publication Critical patent/EP0053707A2/fr
Publication of EP0053707A3 publication Critical patent/EP0053707A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0053707B1 publication Critical patent/EP0053707B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G15/00—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
    • G03G15/06—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing
    • G03G15/10—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing using a liquid developer
    • G03G15/107—Condensing developer fumes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for thermally fixing a latent electrostatic image made visible with a suspension developer on a support by heat and with evaporation of the developer liquid, and a device suitable therefor.
  • Visible latent electrostatic images so-called toner images, which are formed by liquid development of charge images of various origins, for example in electrostatic printers with the aid of writing electrodes, by electron beam recording, X-ray recording in ionization chambers or - which is widespread - by charging and exposure of photoconductor layers, are generally thermally fixed.
  • Methods are known in which the toner image produced is fixed, for example, on the photoconductor layer, as is the case with papers coated with zinc oxide or in electrophotographic printing plates, or in which the toner image is transferred from a primary carrier, such as the photoconductor layer Copy carrier is transferred from paper or film and then the fixation takes place.
  • a primary carrier such as the photoconductor layer Copy carrier is transferred from paper or film and then the fixation takes place.
  • the thermal fixation which is synonymous with drying, of damp copies under Environmentally friendly conditions also include, for example, the so-called ink jet recording, in which an information-controlled and modulated ink jet is directed onto a carrier.
  • the centerpiece is the photoconductive medium, which is used as a plate, tape or mostly as a drum.
  • the photoconductive layer is first electrostatically charged by a corona and exposed imagewise.
  • the resulting latent electrostatic image is made visible using pigmented powder, so-called dry toner, or in the form of liquid toner, for example using a development electrode.
  • the suspension developer is composed of a dispersing liquid, such as preferably an aliphatic hydrocarbon, with various additives, including a finely divided, charged pigment.
  • the copy carrier such as paper
  • the copy carrier is brought up to the photoconductor, with a corona charging on the back for electrostatic support of the transfer.
  • the copy carrier also absorbs a large part of the dispersing liquid over the entire area during the transfer. The toner image is smudge-proof only after the developer liquid has evaporated. Therefore, heating the copy eiz- plate for example by H.
  • the evaporated developer liquid is blown outwards through slots in the housing by means of an air flow from a fan which is mounted at a suitable point in the copying machine and which is also used, for example, for lamp cooling.
  • the dried copy is then placed on a stage.
  • the photoconductor surface is then freed or cleaned of toner or liquid residues and residual charges for the next copying cycle, for example by a foam roller with an elastic lip and by the action of a corona operated with alternating voltage.
  • the solution to this problem is based on a method described in the introduction and is characterized in that the evaporating developer liquid is suctioned off, condensed, separated and collected.
  • suction is carried out in the area of the heat supply and, in the direction of movement, behind it.
  • the air flow used for suction is advantageously reused after the liquid vapor has been separated off.
  • the developer liquid evaporated from the copy can be sucked out through inner nozzles in the heating area as well as through outer nozzles in the direction of movement of the copy behind the heating area.
  • the extracted steam can be condensed and separated immediately behind the nozzles in a downpipe, preferably by misting and by electrostatic filtering.
  • the liquid vapor can also be precipitated using a finely divided means of transport, such as finely atomized water or water vapor.
  • FIG. 1 shows a K by way of example described opierzyklus with the photoconductor drum 1, charging corona 2, imagewise exposure 3, suspension developer 4 with development electrode 5 and developer liquid layer 6, the metering roller 7 and copy substrate 8. Furthermore, transfer corona 9, heater plate 10 together with the prevailing air flow 11, which for example, exits at the slots 12 through the housing 13, and the storage platform 14 is shown.
  • the photoconductor surface is freed of toner residues by means of the foam roller 15 and the wiper lip 16 and residual charges by AC corona 17.
  • FIG. 2 shows the arrangement of the nozzles for sucking off the evaporating liquid
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 essentially show the condensation, separation and collection of the liquid.
  • Figures 5 to 7 indicate special plate electrodes for the construction of electrostatic filters.
  • FIG. 8 shows a further separation technique in which the liquid vapor is precipitated using means of transport, such as water vapor.
  • Figures 9 and 10 explain the circulation of the air flow.
  • the present invention also relates to an apparatus for carrying out the method for thermally fixing a latent electrostatic image made visible with a suspension developer, which are characterized thereby is that in the area of fixation 10 at least one nozzle arrangement 18 is provided, through which the evaporating liquid is sucked off, and that, downstream of this, arrangements for condensing 25, 26 and separating or collecting 27 of the liquid are present.
  • the device according to the invention for sucking off the evaporating developer liquid preferably has an inner nozzle arrangement 18 in the heat supply region and an outer nozzle arrangement 19 in connection with the heating region, the nozzles 19a and b of which are preferably oriented in two directions, in the outlet region of the copy 8.
  • FIG. 2 A device according to the invention is shown in FIG. 2. It consists of the inner nozzle arrangement 18 above the heating plate 10 - 'the area of the heat supply - and of an outer nozzle arrangement 19 behind the heating plate 10, possibly also behind the dispensing gap, formed from the dispensing rollers 20 and 21 or the housing cladding 13 It has been shown that only after the copy carrier 8 has been fully heated, which, viewed in the transport direction, is reached over the second half of the fixing region 10, does the main amount of developer liquid evaporate. However, a not inconsiderable amount of developer liquid also evaporates from the heated copy carrier when it has already left the heating plate 10, which requires a second, downstream outer nozzle arrangement 19.
  • the outer nozzle arrangement 19 can be set up very compactly and without any significant hindrance for viewing the output copies if the downwardly directed nozzle openings 19a are supplemented by frontal nozzle openings 19b.
  • the evaporated, evacuated developer liquid is discharged via one or more suction ports 22.
  • the side walls of the nozzle arrangements are not shown in FIG. They extend to close to the copy carrier 8, possibly past the copy carrier 8 and the heating plate 10, lower down.
  • the arrangement for heating the moist copy was shown schematically as a flat heating plate.
  • the heating plates are sometimes curved for better pressure or heated rollers are also used.
  • the inner nozzle arrangement must then be appropriately curved or arched.
  • a nozzle arrangement according to FIG. 2 was tested on a conventional electrophotographic copier. With the heating switched off and without suction, a weight increase of the copies by ingested developer liquid of 0.11 g per A4 copy is determined.
  • the developer liquid was an aliphatic hydrocarbon with a boiling range of about 155-180 ° C and an evaporation number of about 36. Then, with the heating switched on, the evaporating hydrocarbon was suctioned off in an amount of 0.2 m 3 / min and the vapor-air mixture was conducted through a cold trap.
  • the weight gain of the cold trap is 0.09 g / A4 copy. This corresponds to an extraction efficiency of 82%.
  • the developer liquid is separated and collected from the air-steam mixture extracted with the corresponding efficiency.
  • the air-steam mixture is passed through a possibly cooled pipe in which the steam can condense on the pipe walls.
  • the air-steam mixture is fed to the condensation arrangement in a backflow-proof pipe 25 which is arranged to fall as far as possible.
  • a pipe coil with good heat conductivity for example made of copper, is required. With a design of about 10 m in length and 2 cm in diameter, you do not need a cooling brine, but can cool with room air.
  • the tube spiral requires a relatively large volume of about 15 liters due to the formation of cooling surfaces, for example by arranging gaps, which is usually too large for installation in a copier.
  • the tube spiral from the condensation device 26 together with the collecting vessel 27 for the condensed developer liquid and with the air pump 28 are therefore expediently designed as additional devices and connected to the copying machine via a flange 29.
  • Figure 3 shown is suitable for the installation of such an additional device, for example, the lower floor of a table 30 on which the copier is in the housing 13.
  • High efficiency of the condensation device can be achieved especially with developer liquids with high evaporation numbers up to over 600.
  • developer liquids with high evaporation numbers up to over 600.
  • an aliphatic hydrocarbon with a boiling range around 180 ° C. and an evaporation number of approximately 60 or in the case of one with an evaporation number of approximately 30, approximately 70% and 60% of the evaporated developer liquid are recovered by condensation.
  • the space required for condensation can advantageously be reduced by the formation of mist from evaporated developer liquid and mist separation by electrostatic filtering in such a way that a corresponding arrangement can still be installed in a copier.
  • a preferred embodiment is shown in FIG. 4.
  • the warm air-liquid vapor mixture is conducted in the shortest possible way through the inclined downpipe 25 into the separator 45, which contains at least one electrostatic filter device 31a. Both one and several separation devices can be arranged one behind the other (as shown in FIG. 4 with 31a and 31b).
  • the warm mixture is optionally pre-cooled air. fed from the environment.
  • a mist 33 is immediately formed from droplets of developer liquid.
  • the electrostatic filter consisting of corona wires 34 and grounded separation electrodes 35, 36, the fog disappears immediately. Without a voltage of, for example, 5 to 6 kV on the corona wires, the mist remains in the flowing mixture for a few decimeters.
  • the tubes 37 are made of glass of about 4 cm in diameter in the deposition devices, also for observing the processes (FIGS. 5 and 7).
  • Metallic plate electrodes 35, 36 are let into the tubes at a distance of approximately 7 mm.
  • the plate electrodes 35, 36 are notched at the bottom, as indicated in FIG. 6, so that separated developer liquid can flow better to the tube walls.
  • the corona wires 34 are arranged above the shortened plate electrodes 35.
  • a complete electrostatic filter 31 as a separation device is about 8 cm high.
  • the collection device 27 for the separated developer liquid is connected to the separation devices.
  • the suctioned air is previously discharged laterally by an air pump 28.
  • the vapor of the dispersant is precipitated with the aid of finely divided transport means, preferably immiscible liquids, such as water or glycols.
  • finely divided transport means preferably immiscible liquids, such as water or glycols.
  • FIG. 8 An arrangement is shown in FIG. 8.
  • the spray device 48 consists of an evaporator or an atomizer with a nozzle.
  • the mixture of finely divided means of transport and developer liquid vapor condenses very well, which is why the Kon Densationsrohr 47 can also be operated with air cooling.
  • the developer liquid separates in an upper layer 49 and the means of transport in a lower layer 50.
  • the transport means 50 can be pulled off the bottom of the collecting vessel 27 and fed back into the circuit of the spray device 48 (not shown).
  • the mixture of air and developer liquid vapor is passed through a separator 45 and then returned to the suction device in the circuit.
  • the particular advantage of this design in the circuit is that the separator 45 only has to separate most of the developer liquid vapor, because the air depleted in steam enriches itself with additional steam even with a certain residual content.
  • FIG. 9 A suction device for circulating the air flow is sketched in FIG. 9.
  • the suction device consists of an inner nozzle arrangement 18 above the heating plate 10 and an outer nozzle arrangement 19.
  • the arrangement is expediently completed by a lower base plate 38. Seals made of elastic material, such as spring plates 42, shield the inlet and outlet for the copy sheets.
  • the input nip is formed from a pair of rollers, the upper transport roller 43 facing the toner image is knurled on the surface, ie is structured in a pointed manner. The tips of the roller 43 press into an elastic, sealing roller 44.
  • the actual cycle is shown in Figure 10.
  • the air-developer liquid vapor mixture passes through the nozzle 22 and the inclined pipe 25 to the separator 45, which removes the developer liquid fraction from the mixture by cooling, misting, precipitation with a finely divided transport means or by another separation technique.
  • the air depleted in developer liquid vapor is fed back into the suction device via the supply air pipe 46 and the connecting piece 41.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Wet Developing In Electrophotography (AREA)
  • Fixing For Electrophotography (AREA)
EP81109006A 1980-12-03 1981-10-27 Procédé et dispositif pour le fixage thermique de dessins de teinte Expired EP0053707B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19803045485 DE3045485A1 (de) 1980-12-03 1980-12-03 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum thermischen fixieren von tonerbildern
DE3045485 1980-12-03

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0053707A2 true EP0053707A2 (fr) 1982-06-16
EP0053707A3 EP0053707A3 (en) 1983-03-30
EP0053707B1 EP0053707B1 (fr) 1985-09-11

Family

ID=6118158

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81109006A Expired EP0053707B1 (fr) 1980-12-03 1981-10-27 Procédé et dispositif pour le fixage thermique de dessins de teinte

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4462675A (fr)
EP (1) EP0053707B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS57128371A (fr)
DE (2) DE3045485A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4538899A (en) * 1983-02-22 1985-09-03 Savin Corporation Catalytic fixer-dryer for liquid developed electrophotocopiers
US4687319A (en) * 1986-06-18 1987-08-18 Xerox Corporation Liquid carrier reclaiming apparatus
US4733272A (en) * 1986-07-17 1988-03-22 Xerox Corporation Filter regeneration in an electrophotographic printing machine
US4766462A (en) * 1986-07-21 1988-08-23 Xerox Corporation Liquid carrier recovery system
US4723147A (en) * 1986-07-31 1988-02-02 Xerox Corporation Apparatus for drying a web of sheet material having a fused image thereon
US4745432A (en) * 1987-01-30 1988-05-17 Xerox Corporation Liquid ink fusing system
US4731635A (en) * 1987-02-12 1988-03-15 Xerox Corporation Liquid ink fusing and carrier removal system
US4731636A (en) * 1987-03-09 1988-03-15 Xerox Corporation Liquid carrier recovery system
JPH0727471Y2 (ja) * 1987-08-20 1995-06-21 キヤノン株式会社 画像形成装置
US5307132A (en) * 1987-11-12 1994-04-26 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Image forming apparatus having a controller for discharging air in response to a heating condition of an image fixing device
US5235393A (en) * 1992-01-06 1993-08-10 Eastman Kodak Company Toner image-fixing apparatus having air cooling device
US5291255A (en) * 1992-09-15 1994-03-01 Lexmark International, Inc. Imaging apparatus with straight path fixing
US5708938A (en) * 1994-12-14 1998-01-13 Ricoh Company, Ltd. Wet process image forming apparatus and carrier vapor collecting device therefor
US5737674A (en) * 1995-11-20 1998-04-07 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Vapor control system for and a liquid electrographic system
KR100234281B1 (ko) * 1997-08-27 1999-12-15 윤종용 습식 전자사진방식 인쇄기의 액체 캐리어 회수장치
US6047151A (en) * 1998-05-06 2000-04-04 Imation Corp. Drying system and method for an electrophotographic imaging system
JP3641580B2 (ja) * 2000-09-29 2005-04-20 株式会社東芝 湿式画像形成装置
JP3577458B2 (ja) * 2000-10-31 2004-10-13 株式会社東芝 湿式電子写真装置
JP2004181672A (ja) * 2002-11-29 2004-07-02 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd 画像記録装置
ATE527907T1 (de) * 2004-04-23 2011-10-15 Panasonic Elec Works Co Ltd Gebläseheizung mit elektrostatischem zerstäuber
JP4901395B2 (ja) * 2006-09-26 2012-03-21 富士フイルム株式会社 塗布膜の乾燥方法
US7801465B2 (en) * 2007-07-30 2010-09-21 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Condensate separation
JP5394034B2 (ja) * 2008-10-03 2014-01-22 株式会社ミヤコシ トナー定着装置、電子写真印刷機

Citations (6)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2330537A1 (de) * 1972-06-16 1974-01-03 Canon Kk Einrichtung zum erhitzen und trocknen von kopietraegermaterial
DE1966591B2 (de) * 1968-11-25 1978-05-24 Canon K.K., Tokio Elektrofotografisches Kopiergerät mit einer Einrichtung zum Trocknen von auf Folienmaterial naß entwickelten Tonerbildern
DE2226309B2 (de) * 1971-06-03 1980-01-03 Canon K.K., Tokio Vorrichtung zur Rückgewinnung von Entwickler-Trägerflüssigkeit
DE2363976B2 (de) * 1972-12-26 1980-02-14 Canon K.K., Tokio Vorrichtung zur Rückgewinnung von Tragerflussigkeit eines elektrofotografischen Dispersionsentwicklers
JPS5550287A (en) * 1978-10-06 1980-04-11 Ricoh Co Ltd Developer vapor capturing device in electrophotography
JPS5550289A (en) * 1978-10-06 1980-04-11 Ricoh Co Ltd Developer vapor capturing device in electrophotography

Family Cites Families (3)

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US3767300A (en) * 1972-06-07 1973-10-23 P Brown Pollution control system for duplicator machine
US3997977A (en) * 1972-12-26 1976-12-21 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Developing liquid recovery device in a copying machine
US4086705A (en) * 1977-04-01 1978-05-02 Wehr Robert L Dry cleaning system with solvent recovery

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1966591B2 (de) * 1968-11-25 1978-05-24 Canon K.K., Tokio Elektrofotografisches Kopiergerät mit einer Einrichtung zum Trocknen von auf Folienmaterial naß entwickelten Tonerbildern
DE2226309B2 (de) * 1971-06-03 1980-01-03 Canon K.K., Tokio Vorrichtung zur Rückgewinnung von Entwickler-Trägerflüssigkeit
DE2330537A1 (de) * 1972-06-16 1974-01-03 Canon Kk Einrichtung zum erhitzen und trocknen von kopietraegermaterial
DE2363976B2 (de) * 1972-12-26 1980-02-14 Canon K.K., Tokio Vorrichtung zur Rückgewinnung von Tragerflussigkeit eines elektrofotografischen Dispersionsentwicklers
DE2365783B2 (de) * 1972-12-26 1980-04-30 Canon K.K., Tokio Vorrichtung für die Rückgewinnung von Trägerflüssigkeit in einem mit Naßentwicklung arbeitenden elektrofotografischen Gerät
JPS5550287A (en) * 1978-10-06 1980-04-11 Ricoh Co Ltd Developer vapor capturing device in electrophotography
JPS5550289A (en) * 1978-10-06 1980-04-11 Ricoh Co Ltd Developer vapor capturing device in electrophotography

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Patent Abstracts of Japan, Band 4, Nr. 86, 20 Juni 1980, Seite 149P16 & JP-A-55 050 287 *
Patent Abstracts of Japan, Band 4, Nr. 86, 20 Juni 1980, Seite 150P16 & JP-A-55 050 289 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3045485A1 (de) 1982-07-08
DE3172254D1 (en) 1985-10-17
EP0053707A3 (en) 1983-03-30
EP0053707B1 (fr) 1985-09-11
US4462675A (en) 1984-07-31
JPS57128371A (en) 1982-08-09

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