EP0053659B1 - Système d'ancrage pour compenser les contractions et les dilatations d'un mur à plusieurs couches - Google Patents
Système d'ancrage pour compenser les contractions et les dilatations d'un mur à plusieurs couches Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0053659B1 EP0053659B1 EP81107658A EP81107658A EP0053659B1 EP 0053659 B1 EP0053659 B1 EP 0053659B1 EP 81107658 A EP81107658 A EP 81107658A EP 81107658 A EP81107658 A EP 81107658A EP 0053659 B1 EP0053659 B1 EP 0053659B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- restraining
- yoke
- restraining system
- spring
- girder
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013598 vector Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 claims 54
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims 9
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims 3
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 claims 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003292 diminished effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008034 disappearance Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010454 slate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
- F27D1/16—Making or repairing linings increasing the durability of linings or breaking away linings
- F27D1/1621—Making linings by using shaped elements, e.g. bricks
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B29/00—Other details of coke ovens
- C10B29/08—Bracing or foundation of the ovens
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
- F27D1/0003—Linings or walls
- F27D1/0023—Linings or walls comprising expansion joints or means to restrain expansion due to thermic flows
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B13/00—Furnaces with both stationary charge and progression of heating, e.g. of ring type, of type in which segmental kiln moves over stationary charge
- F27B13/06—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of this type
Definitions
- the invention relates to a clamping system for avoiding harmful tensile and shear stresses in possibly multi-layer masonry slabs, which are subject to both thermal and mechanical deformation stresses and in which the masonry is clamped by means of clamping plates, to which the clamping forces of the anchors with the aid of yoke-like supports and intermediate springs or distance pieces are transmitted.
- the task is to generate sufficient pressure pre-stresses in the partition walls despite changing thermal and mechanical deformations of the outer clamping system and to ensure them constantly in order to avoid tensile cracks by superimposing corresponding pressure stresses.
- the task is thus solved according to the invention as an optimization of the elements of the overall system connected via the force flow.
- the wall warps the most when it is loaded from the side halfway up.
- the clamping pressure forces of the wall are chosen to be the highest in the center and their contact surfaces are laterally separated as far as possible into the two outer edge zones, the resultants of the two marginal forces acting parallel to or in the direction of the vertical wall center plane.
- the individual construction elements of the clamping system are designed to be resilient in such a way that they largely compensate for the interference.
- the advantage of the spring elasticities provided in the clamping system is, on the one hand, the small displacements in the force distributions and, on the other hand, the lighter and cheaper design, in particular with larger partition wall dimensions.
- the production of the desired distribution of the clamping forces over the length of the clamping plates can be done by a corresponding gradation of the thickness of the spacers or by relaxed spring elements that z.
- the prestresses in the partition walls (9 in FIG. 1) are produced either directly by adjusting prestressed blocked pressure elements (6 in FIG. 1) between the clamping plates 7 and the yoke-like carrier 5 arranged in front of them and then lifting the blockade or initially by adjustable ones Tensioning elements between the clamping plate 7 and the yoke-like carrier 5, which is pretensioned, and then by adjusting the pressure elements 6.
- the prestresses in the partition walls are to be constantly maintained by the spring properties of the transverse anchor system (1- and 3 in FIG. 1), the yoke-like supports 5, the clamping plates 7 and 8 and the pressure elements 6.
- the load changes in the usual clamping forces can be kept within the tolerance limits according to claim 1.
- the springs at both ends of the cross anchor can be combined in a one-sided spring with half the spring constant if the changes in force are transmitted from one side to the other.
- the factor q is a maximum of 20%.
- FIGS. 11 and 12 various schematically illustrated exemplary embodiments for the pressure elements 6 can be seen in relation to claims 14 to 19. 11d can also be coupled to the pressure regulator (PC) or a corresponding positioner (positioner), for example, so that the exhaust air consumed by the regulator z. B. is used as cooling air or is taken directly from the top of the gas bellows and thus serves to dissipate heat.
- PC pressure regulator
- positioner positioner
- Figure 12 shows according to claims 18 and 19 spring pressure elements 6 relaxed (Fig. 12a) and biased (Fig. 12b).
- FIGS. 13 to 16 schematically show, for example, the design and arrangement of the pressure elements 6 as spiral springs according to claims 1, 20, 21, 22 and 24.
- Figure 13 schematically illustrates a possibility for generating the bell-shaped course of the pressing forces according to claim 1 with the same spiral springs z.
- FIG. 14 indicates how the force redistributions in the event of changes in the thermal curvatures of the yoke-like carrier 5 are largely mitigated by the softer springs 6 in the middle when the line load on the clamping plate 7 is approximately constant.
- the clamping plate 7 is expediently designed to be relatively rigid.
- FIG. 16 shows a combination of FIGS. 13 to 15, for example, which fulfills the requirements for a bell-shaped course of the pressing forces and for alleviating the effects of the thermal curvatures with a relatively thin clamping plate.
- bracketed values are intended to indicate that different (boundary) conditions can be decisive in these areas, such as. B. manufacturability or additional functions of the clamping system.
- the yoke-like carrier or the clamping plate is composed of several parts, the area moment of inertia combined according to the rules of statics is decisive.
- the gradations of the moments of inertia can be generated, for example, by recesses or corresponding screw connections.
- the clamping system according to the invention can preferably be used with partition walls in industrial furnaces, in particular with heating walls of coking furnaces.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
- Springs (AREA)
- Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
- Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
- Clamps And Clips (AREA)
Claims (32)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT81107658T ATE15263T1 (de) | 1980-11-28 | 1981-09-26 | Einspannsystem zur vermeidung von schaedlichen zug- und schubspannungen in ggf. mehrschichtigen mauerwerksscheiben. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19803044897 DE3044897A1 (de) | 1980-11-28 | 1980-11-28 | Einspannsystem zur vermeidung von schaedlichen zug- und schubspannungen in ggf. mehrschichtigen mauerwerksscheiben |
DE3044897 | 1980-11-28 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0053659A1 EP0053659A1 (fr) | 1982-06-16 |
EP0053659B1 true EP0053659B1 (fr) | 1985-08-28 |
EP0053659B2 EP0053659B2 (fr) | 1989-08-30 |
Family
ID=6117842
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP81107658A Expired EP0053659B2 (fr) | 1980-11-28 | 1981-09-26 | Système d'ancrage pour compenser les contractions et les dilatations d'un mur à plusieurs couches |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4732652A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0053659B2 (fr) |
JP (1) | JPS57117779A (fr) |
AR (1) | AR228624A1 (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE15263T1 (fr) |
AU (1) | AU552643B2 (fr) |
BR (1) | BR8107727A (fr) |
CA (1) | CA1158859A (fr) |
DE (2) | DE3044897A1 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES506741A0 (fr) |
IN (1) | IN156315B (fr) |
ZA (1) | ZA816836B (fr) |
Families Citing this family (47)
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US5597452A (en) * | 1992-09-24 | 1997-01-28 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method of restoring heating walls of coke oven battery |
KR100403470B1 (ko) * | 1999-12-07 | 2003-11-01 | 주식회사 포스코 | 코크스 오븐의 신축 측정장치 |
US6814012B2 (en) | 2002-10-11 | 2004-11-09 | Hatch Associates Ltd. | Furnace binding and adjustment systems |
KR100957916B1 (ko) | 2003-06-13 | 2010-05-13 | 주식회사 포스코 | 코크스 오븐의 박스테이 자동온도 조절및 변형 방지장치 |
US7134397B2 (en) * | 2004-05-26 | 2006-11-14 | Hatch, Ltd. | System for applying vertical compressive force to furnace walls |
BR112012013778B1 (pt) * | 2009-12-10 | 2020-10-13 | Novelis Inc | conjunto de haste compressiva para aplicar força a um vaso refratário |
CN101838539B (zh) * | 2010-05-25 | 2012-12-26 | 中国一冶集团有限公司 | 焦炉看火眼墙抗裂的方法 |
ES2603978T3 (es) * | 2011-09-29 | 2017-03-02 | Hatch Ltd | Sistema de unión autoajustable para un horno metalúrgico |
CN102435071B (zh) * | 2011-11-14 | 2015-12-09 | 王国强 | 焙烧炉变形火道墙的校正方法 |
US9359554B2 (en) | 2012-08-17 | 2016-06-07 | Suncoke Technology And Development Llc | Automatic draft control system for coke plants |
US9243186B2 (en) | 2012-08-17 | 2016-01-26 | Suncoke Technology And Development Llc. | Coke plant including exhaust gas sharing |
CN104884578B (zh) | 2012-12-28 | 2016-06-22 | 太阳焦炭科技和发展有限责任公司 | 通风竖管盖以及相关联的系统和方法 |
WO2014105062A1 (fr) | 2012-12-28 | 2014-07-03 | Suncoke Technology And Development Llc. | Systèmes et procédés de suppression du mercure des émissions |
US10883051B2 (en) | 2012-12-28 | 2021-01-05 | Suncoke Technology And Development Llc | Methods and systems for improved coke quenching |
US10760002B2 (en) | 2012-12-28 | 2020-09-01 | Suncoke Technology And Development Llc | Systems and methods for maintaining a hot car in a coke plant |
US10047295B2 (en) | 2012-12-28 | 2018-08-14 | Suncoke Technology And Development Llc | Non-perpendicular connections between coke oven uptakes and a hot common tunnel, and associated systems and methods |
US9273250B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2016-03-01 | Suncoke Technology And Development Llc. | Methods and systems for improved quench tower design |
CN103215051B (zh) * | 2013-04-03 | 2014-07-02 | 中国一冶集团有限公司 | 炉柱局部滑移施工方法 |
FI20195097A1 (en) | 2013-12-20 | 2019-02-11 | 9282 3087 Quebec Dba Tmc Canada | Metallurgical oven |
US10619101B2 (en) | 2013-12-31 | 2020-04-14 | Suncoke Technology And Development Llc | Methods for decarbonizing coking ovens, and associated systems and devices |
JP6208919B1 (ja) | 2014-08-28 | 2017-10-04 | サンコーク テクノロジー アンド ディベロップメント リミテッド ライアビリティ カンパニー | コークス工場の操作及び生産高を最適化するための方法及びシステム |
WO2016044347A1 (fr) | 2014-09-15 | 2016-03-24 | Suncoke Technology And Development Llc | Fours à coke à composants monolithiques |
JP6421572B2 (ja) * | 2014-12-11 | 2018-11-14 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | コークス炉の炉体締付け方法 |
BR112017014186A2 (pt) | 2014-12-31 | 2018-01-09 | Suncoke Tech & Development Llc | leitos multimodais de material de coque |
CN107922846B (zh) | 2015-01-02 | 2021-01-01 | 太阳焦炭科技和发展有限责任公司 | 使用高级的控制和最佳化技术的综合焦化设备自动化和最佳化 |
CN104560067A (zh) * | 2015-01-30 | 2015-04-29 | 山东钢铁股份有限公司 | 一种用于更换焦炉横拉条的炉柱固定装置 |
JP6524821B2 (ja) * | 2015-06-29 | 2019-06-05 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | 室炉式コークス炉の炉締め構造及び炉締め方法 |
UA125640C2 (uk) | 2015-12-28 | 2022-05-11 | Санкоук Текнолоджі Енд Дівелепмент Ллк | Спосіб і система динамічного завантаження коксової печі |
JP7109380B2 (ja) | 2016-06-03 | 2022-07-29 | サンコーク テクノロジー アンド ディベロップメント リミテッド ライアビリティ カンパニー | 産業施設において改善措置を自動的に生成する方法およびシステム |
JP6822064B2 (ja) * | 2016-10-28 | 2021-01-27 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | 室炉式コークス炉の炉締め構造及び炉締め方法 |
RU2768916C2 (ru) | 2017-05-23 | 2022-03-25 | САНКОУК ТЕКНОЛОДЖИ ЭНД ДИВЕЛОПМЕНТ ЭлЭлСи | Система и способ ремонта коксовой печи |
JP7151283B2 (ja) * | 2018-08-31 | 2022-10-12 | 三菱ケミカル株式会社 | 室炉式コークス炉の炉締め構造 |
BR112021012725B1 (pt) | 2018-12-28 | 2024-03-12 | Suncoke Technology And Development Llc | Método para reparar um vazamento em um forno de coque de uma coqueria, método de reparo da superfície de um forno de coque configurado para operar sob pressão negativa e tendo um piso de forno, uma câmara de forno e uma chaminé única e método de controle de ar descontrolado em um sistema para carvão de coque |
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BR112021012500B1 (pt) | 2018-12-28 | 2024-01-30 | Suncoke Technology And Development Llc | Duto coletor ascendente, sistema de gás de escape para um forno de coque, e forno de coque |
US11395989B2 (en) | 2018-12-31 | 2022-07-26 | Suncoke Technology And Development Llc | Methods and systems for providing corrosion resistant surfaces in contaminant treatment systems |
BR122023020289A2 (pt) | 2018-12-31 | 2024-01-23 | SunCoke Technology and Development LLC | Planta de coque e método de modificar um gerador de valor de recuperação de calor (hrsg) |
CN110373214B (zh) * | 2019-06-24 | 2021-08-13 | 五冶集团上海有限公司 | 一种焦炉炉柱上部横拉条更换方法 |
JP2023525984A (ja) | 2020-05-03 | 2023-06-20 | サンコーク テクノロジー アンド ディベロップメント リミテッド ライアビリティ カンパニー | 高品質コークス製品 |
BR112023006119A2 (pt) * | 2020-10-02 | 2023-05-09 | Metix Pty Ltd | Sistema de ligação e ajuste para um forno que compreende paredes |
CA3211286A1 (fr) | 2021-11-04 | 2023-05-11 | John Francis Quanci | Produits de coke de fonderie, systemes, dispositifs et procedes associes |
US11946108B2 (en) | 2021-11-04 | 2024-04-02 | Suncoke Technology And Development Llc | Foundry coke products and associated processing methods via cupolas |
WO2023097536A1 (fr) * | 2021-12-01 | 2023-06-08 | Jinzhou Tiansheng Heavy Industry Co.Ltd | Four métallurgique et son système de liaison |
WO2024098010A1 (fr) | 2022-11-04 | 2024-05-10 | Suncoke Technology And Development Llc | Mélanges de charbon, produits de coke de fonderie et systèmes, dispositifs et procédés associés |
Family Cites Families (19)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US1426748A (en) * | 1922-08-22 | Butjbg | ||
DE637252C (de) * | 1935-02-20 | 1936-10-24 | Claus Koeppel Dr Ing Dr | Kopfbewehrung fuer Koksoefen |
DE728101C (de) * | 1938-04-13 | 1942-11-20 | Didier Kogag | Verankerung fuer batterieweise angeordnete waagerechte Kammeroefen zur Erzeugung von Gas und Koks |
GB667566A (en) * | 1947-08-27 | 1952-03-05 | Fours Lecocq Sa | An improved device for strengthening the reinforcements of coke ovens |
DE1421020A1 (de) * | 1958-11-22 | 1968-10-03 | Still Fa Carl | Einrichtung zum Zusammenhalten des Ofenblockes einer Koksofenbatterie |
GB862287A (en) * | 1958-12-16 | 1961-03-08 | Carves Simon Ltd | Improvements in and relating to coke oven batteries |
US3259551A (en) * | 1961-10-03 | 1966-07-05 | Allied Chem | Regenerative coke oven batteries |
US3247079A (en) * | 1961-11-03 | 1966-04-19 | Allied Chem | Controlled bracing of coke oven battery roofs |
US3175961A (en) * | 1962-05-28 | 1965-03-30 | Allied Chem | Adjusting device for springs associated with the buckstays of coke oven batteries |
FR1330595A (fr) * | 1962-08-06 | 1963-06-21 | Allied Chem | Batteries de fours à coke pourvues de dispositifs de compression pour compenser la différence de dilatation entre la voûte en briques d'argile réfractaire et les parois de chauffage en briques de silice |
US3190818A (en) * | 1963-02-06 | 1965-06-22 | Otto Carl | Coke oven bracing means |
US3295280A (en) * | 1964-04-09 | 1967-01-03 | S Obermayer Co | Furnace wall anchoring structures |
DE1914199A1 (de) * | 1968-03-21 | 1969-10-16 | Power Gas Ltd | Ofenwand und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung |
JPS4923563A (fr) * | 1972-06-22 | 1974-03-02 | ||
SU561861A1 (ru) * | 1975-09-15 | 1977-06-15 | Предприятие П/Я В-2869 | Футерованный элемент промышленной печи |
DE2709631A1 (de) * | 1977-03-05 | 1978-09-07 | Ruhrkohle Ag | Horizontalkammeroefen |
JPS55116051U (fr) * | 1979-02-10 | 1980-08-15 | ||
US4369032A (en) * | 1979-07-02 | 1983-01-18 | Inland Steel Company | Reheat furnace |
NL8100261A (nl) * | 1981-01-21 | 1982-08-16 | Estel Hoogovens Bv | Kooksovenbatterij. |
-
1980
- 1980-11-28 DE DE19803044897 patent/DE3044897A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1981
- 1981-09-26 EP EP81107658A patent/EP0053659B2/fr not_active Expired
- 1981-09-26 AT AT81107658T patent/ATE15263T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1981-09-26 DE DE8181107658T patent/DE3172035D1/de not_active Expired
- 1981-10-01 IN IN1103/CAL/81A patent/IN156315B/en unknown
- 1981-10-02 ZA ZA816836A patent/ZA816836B/xx unknown
- 1981-10-29 AR AR287282A patent/AR228624A1/es active
- 1981-10-30 ES ES506741A patent/ES506741A0/es active Granted
- 1981-11-23 CA CA000390686A patent/CA1158859A/fr not_active Expired
- 1981-11-27 AU AU77955/81A patent/AU552643B2/en not_active Expired
- 1981-11-27 BR BR8107727A patent/BR8107727A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1981-11-27 JP JP56190466A patent/JPS57117779A/ja active Granted
-
1987
- 1987-04-14 US US07/038,428 patent/US4732652A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0053659A1 (fr) | 1982-06-16 |
ES8207633A1 (es) | 1982-10-01 |
ZA816836B (en) | 1982-09-29 |
DE3044897A1 (de) | 1982-07-08 |
IN156315B (fr) | 1985-06-22 |
ES506741A0 (es) | 1982-10-01 |
JPS57117779A (en) | 1982-07-22 |
ATE15263T1 (de) | 1985-09-15 |
AR228624A1 (es) | 1983-03-30 |
AU552643B2 (en) | 1986-06-12 |
JPH0254392B2 (fr) | 1990-11-21 |
AU7795581A (en) | 1982-06-03 |
CA1158859A (fr) | 1983-12-20 |
US4732652A (en) | 1988-03-22 |
BR8107727A (pt) | 1982-08-31 |
DE3172035D1 (en) | 1985-10-03 |
EP0053659B2 (fr) | 1989-08-30 |
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