Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
  • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
  • D01F6/02—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • D01F6/18—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polymers of unsaturated nitriles, e.g. polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylidene cyanide
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
  • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
  • D01D5/24—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with a hollow structure; Spinnerette packs therefor
  • D01D5/247—Discontinuous hollow structure or microporous structure
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
  • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
  • D01D5/28—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like while mixing different spinning solutions or melts during the spinning operation; Spinnerette packs therefor
  • D01D5/30—Conjugate filaments; Spinnerette packs therefor
  • D01D5/34—Core-skin structure; Spinnerette packs therefor
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
  • D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
  • D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
  • D01F1/08—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt for forming hollow filaments
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
  • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
  • Y10T428/2973—Particular cross section
  • Y10T428/2975—Tubular or cellular

Definitions

• threads and fibers obtainable by this process have the round or oval cross-sectional shapes expected for a wet-spun product.
• threads and fibers with such cross sections can only be obtained if certain conditions are met which again influence the desired water absorption capacity. Threads and fibers with round to oval cross sections show advantages in further processing, which lie in the avoidance of fluffy and hairy yarns, a rough handle or an increased proportion of short fibers due to breaks in the yarn.
• the present invention was therefore based on the object of producing hygroscopic fibers and threads with largely uniform round to oval fiber cross sections by a dry spinning process, since a plant suitable for dry spinning cannot be converted to a wet spinning process.
• the spinning process is carried out in such a way that the non-solvent essentially does not evaporate in the spinning shaft and is washed out of the solidified threads after spinning.
• Substances that meet these requirements are e.g. polymeric compounds from the series of polycarbonates, polystyrenes, polyvinyl acetates and cellulose esters.
• threads and fibers are obtained from hydrophobic polymers which, in addition to the desired uniform round to oval cross-sectional profiles, have a water retention capacity of at least 10% and a core / shell structure in which the core is highly microporous, the pores predominantly with one another are connected and the jacket surrounding the core is considerably more compact compared to the core, but is penetrated by channels which allow the access of liquids to the pore system of the core.
• polycarbonate is used as the polymeric additional compound, it can subsequently be recovered quantitatively from, for example, hygroscopic polyacrylonitrile fibers, for example by extraction with methylene chloride. If compounds are used which do not meet the stated conditions, there is no cross-sectional stabilizing effect.
• an acrylonitrile homopolymer is used as the polymeric additive, this is probably soluble in the DMF spinning solvent, but not in the non-solvent, for example in glycerol or glycols.
• the non-solvent for example in glycerol or glycols.
• Another important advantage of the present invention is that such fibers not only no longer have the disadvantages mentioned at the outset, but that they additionally have a very stable pore system which is far less sensitive to manufacturing processes such as steaming, ironing and the like. Furthermore, the additives spun in increase the water retention capacity, which contributes to the comfort properties of such fibers.
• the water retention capacity is determined on the basis of DIN regulation 53 814 (cf. Melliand Textile Reports 4, 1973, page 350).
• the suspension was fed to a heating device via a gear pump and heated to 130.degree.
• the residence time in the heating device was 3 minutes.
• the spinning solution was then filtered and dry-spun in a spinning shaft in a manner known per se from a 240-hole nozzle.
• the spinning material with a titer of 1580 dtex was collected on spools and folded into a band with a total titer of 110 600 dtex.
• the fiber cable was then stretched 1: 4.0 times in boiling water, washed with water at 80 ° C., provided with antistatic preparation and dried in a sieve drum dryer at 100 ° C. under tension.
• the fiber cable leaves the dryer with a moisture content of 41.5%.
• the cable is then crimped in a stuffer box and then cut into fibers with a stack length of 60 mm.
• the individual fibers with a final titer of 2.6 dtex have a strength of 2.2 centi Newton / dtex and an elongation of 32%.
• the water retention capacity is 46%.
• the fibers have a pronounced core / cladding structure with completely uniform round cross-sectional profiles, as shown by light microscope images in 700x magnification. As scanning electron micrographs in 1000x magnification also show, the pore system with strong cell walls is 2 - 5 ⁇ . Strength enforced.
• the fiber cable left the dryer with a moisture content of 51%.
• the fibers have a pronounced core / cladding structure with uniform round cross-sectional shapes, as shown by light microscope images at a magnification of 700 times. In the scanning electron microscope, strong cell walls of 2 - 5 ⁇ thickness in the pore system can be seen at a magnification of 1000 times.
• Example 1 60 kg of dimethylformamide with 2.5 kg of cellulose ester based on butyric acid (Cellit BP 900), 17.5 kg of glycerol and 20 kg of an acrylonitrile copolymer with the chem.
• the composition from Example 1 is stirred at room temperature in a kettle to form a suspension and then converted into a spinning solution as described in Example 1, filtered and the spinning solution is spun into threads and aftertreated into fibers with a final titer of 2.3 dtex.
• the fiber cable left the dryer with a moisture content of 54%.
• the fiber strength is 2.6 centi Newton / dtex, the elongation 29% and the water retention 45%.
• the fibers have a core / man, as shown by light microscope images in 700x magnification tel structure with uniform round cross-sectional profiles. In the scanning electron microscope, strong cell walls of 2 - 5 ⁇ thickness in the pore system can be seen at a magnification of 1000 times.
• the fibers have a distinctive core / shell structure with strange to asterisk-shaped, non-uniform cross-sectional profiles.
• the scanning electron microscope at 10OOf magnification relatively thin cell walls of 1 - 2 ⁇ thickness can be seen in the pore system.
• Example 1 62.5 kg of dimethylformamide with 2.5 kg of acrylonitrile homopolymer with a K value of 90, 15 kg of triethylene glycol and 20 kg of an acrylonitrile copolymer with the chem.
• the composition from Example 1 is stirred into a suspension at room temperature in a kettle and then, as described in Example 1, transferred to a spinning solution, filtered and the spinning solution is spun into threads.
• the acrylonitrile homopolymer used as a cross-section stabilizing additive in triethylene glycol is completely insoluble even in the heat.
• the threads are collected again, folded into a cable and, as stated in Example 1, treated to give fibers with a final titer of 2.3 dtex.
• the fiber cable left the dryer with a moisture content of 83%.
• the fibers have a core / shell structure with non-uniform worm to rod-shaped strange cross-sectional profiles, as shown by light microscope images in 700x magnification. In the scanning electron microscope, at 1000x magnification, relatively thin cell walls of 1 - 2 ⁇ thickness in the pore system can be seen.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Toxicology (AREA)
• Artificial Filaments (AREA)
• Multicomponent Fibers (AREA)
• Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
• Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
• Absorbent Articles And Supports Therefor (AREA)
• Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)

Priority Applications (1)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

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Family Applications (1)

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Families Citing this family (3)

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• 1979
  • 1979-11-28 DE DE19792947824 patent/DE2947824A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 1980
  • 1980-11-15 DE DE8080107098T patent/DE3066642D1/de not_active Expired
  • 1980-11-15 EP EP80107098A patent/EP0029949B1/de not_active Expired
  • 1980-11-15 AT AT80107098T patent/ATE6275T1/de active
  • 1980-11-18 PT PT72072A patent/PT72072B/pt unknown
  • 1980-11-24 US US06/210,467 patent/US4438060A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1980-11-25 DD DD80225456A patent/DD154720A5/de unknown
  • 1980-11-26 GR GR63473A patent/GR73034B/el unknown
  • 1980-11-26 CA CA000365567A patent/CA1163071A/en not_active Expired
  • 1980-11-27 ES ES497194A patent/ES8107337A1/es not_active Expired
  • 1980-11-27 JP JP16596480A patent/JPS5685418A/ja active Granted
  • 1980-11-27 BR BR8007730A patent/BR8007730A/pt unknown

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