EP0026348B1 - Mehrfach gesicherter Unterwasserzünder - Google Patents

Mehrfach gesicherter Unterwasserzünder Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0026348B1
EP0026348B1 EP80105274A EP80105274A EP0026348B1 EP 0026348 B1 EP0026348 B1 EP 0026348B1 EP 80105274 A EP80105274 A EP 80105274A EP 80105274 A EP80105274 A EP 80105274A EP 0026348 B1 EP0026348 B1 EP 0026348B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rotor
pin
fuse
fact
accordance
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP80105274A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0026348A2 (de
EP0026348A3 (en
Inventor
Günter Backstein
Hans Walter Unger
Michael Günther
Dieter Dipl.-Ing. Kaltbeitzer
Hendrik Veldhoen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rheinmetall Industrie AG
Original Assignee
Rheinmetall GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=25781307&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0026348(B1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Priority claimed from DE19792939711 external-priority patent/DE2939711C2/de
Priority claimed from DE19792939700 external-priority patent/DE2939700C2/de
Application filed by Rheinmetall GmbH filed Critical Rheinmetall GmbH
Publication of EP0026348A2 publication Critical patent/EP0026348A2/de
Publication of EP0026348A3 publication Critical patent/EP0026348A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0026348B1 publication Critical patent/EP0026348B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C14/00—Mechanical fuzes characterised by the ammunition class or type
    • F42C14/04—Mechanical fuzes characterised by the ammunition class or type for torpedoes, marine mines or depth charges
    • F42C14/045—Mechanical fuzes characterised by the ammunition class or type for torpedoes, marine mines or depth charges having electric igniters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B22/00—Marine mines, e.g. launched by surface vessels or submarines
    • F42B22/04—Influenced mines, e.g. by magnetic or acoustic effect
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C11/00—Electric fuzes
    • F42C11/001—Electric circuits for fuzes characterised by the ammunition class or type
    • F42C11/005—Electric circuits for fuzes characterised by the ammunition class or type for marine warheads, e.g. torpedoes, mines, depth charges
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C11/00—Electric fuzes
    • F42C11/008—Power generation in electric fuzes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C15/00—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges
    • F42C15/40—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein the safety or arming action is effected electrically

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an underwater detonator with the features of the preamble of claim 1.
  • the known arrangement thus has a total of three fuses which are to be actuated in succession in order to trigger the ignition, namely an unsecured pin fuse for the release plate, a water pressure fuse for the ignition needle and a shear fuse, the cancellation of which by mechanical pressure forces immediately Ignition triggers.
  • US-A-4,015,533 discloses a positive sequence release with two pressure-sensitive safety devices which respond to prints of different heights.
  • This safety device is not suitable for underwater use. It requires a pressure generator that allows impulses of different pressure for pressure drops to enter a vestibule of the housing through a line. There is no indication of a fuse that responds to the continuously increasing pressure when immersed in deeper water.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to provide an underwater detonator of the type specified, which is triggered instead of the mechanical pressure release by a certain signal, which is received via an electronic part of the detonator and processed as an ignition signal and has an increased security of its unlocking mechanism before it comes into focus.
  • the solution according to the invention consists in designing an underwater detonator of the type specified so that the detonator, as actuators to be actuated one after the other, for the forced sequence unlocking, a safety plug with a warning flag for a pin, a first water pressure safety device which blocks a rotary movement of the rotor into the ignition position Pin fuse that blocks every movement of a trigger pin, and a second water pressure fuse that blocks a displacement of the trigger pin and a rotation of the rotor to the ignition position and works independently of the first water pressure fuse. Further features of the underwater igniter according to the invention are specified in the subclaims.
  • the underwater igniter according to the invention advantageously provides a particularly safe arrangement which has a total of four mechanical safeguards operating independently of one another, all of which must be unlocked in the order specified in order to enable the ignition.
  • the explosive charge is not automatically ignited, since the ignition pulse must still be supplied by the electronic part of the detonator for this purpose.
  • further safety options are available in that only very special signals are able to cause the electronics to trigger the ignition pulse.
  • the underwater igniter according to the invention is not actuated in the specified sequence of its safeguards, ignition of the igniter is excluded.
  • the safety plug is not removed before the detonator is deployed into the water, so the first water pressure safety device can work and release the end of the rotor assigned to it, but the rotor remains in its rest position even if the water pressure safety device is sufficient for the second water pressure safety device, since the pre-plug not pulled and so the trigger pin can not be operated.
  • the entire detonator is housed in a housing 10 and, as the main assemblies, has, in addition to an electronic insert 59, a first water pressure safety device 44, a second water pressure safety device 54, a plug pin 69, a trigger pin 34, a rotor 1 with a detonator 115, a contact pin 25, an ignition amplifier 6, a transfer charge 5 and a main charge 7.
  • a closure piece 3 can be seen as a holder for the trigger pin 34 and the pin 69, which is tightly installed in the housing 10.
  • the closure piece 3 is tubular and closed at its front end with a sealed closure 42.
  • a corresponding circumferential groove 68a on the release pin 34 is aligned with the bores 68 in the rest position of the igniter, so that the pin 69 can be inserted.
  • the pin 69 pushed through the bores 68 can be seen, which is supported on the closure piece 3 by its collar 69a.
  • the pin 69 has at its lower end an eyelet 64 which receives a safety pin 63 provided with a warning flag 63a, which prevents the pin 69 from being pulled out.
  • an eyelet 67 is provided, to which a pull rope 65 is fastened, with which the pin 69 can be pulled out as soon as the safety plug 63 is removed.
  • the trigger pin 34 is mounted in its central region on the piston 36 of the second water pressure safety device 54, which has an elastic membrane 37 which is mounted on the piston 36 with a disk 38.
  • the membrane 37 is expediently designed as a rolling membrane and attached to a tube 41 on its outer circumference.
  • the piston 36 On its side facing the rotor 1, the piston 36 carries a circuit board 28 which is provided for engagement with two pairs of contact pins 31 and forms a switch for the electrical part of the igniter with this.
  • This switch which consists of contact pins 31 and circuit board 28, can, for example, close the electrical ignition circuit via lines 95, plug connections 97 and 98, lines 96, plug connections 99 and 100 and lines 94 and connect them to the schematically illustrated electronic insert 59 and for a voltage supply via a battery 40 to care.
  • the electrical lines and contacts are housed in the housing 10 in an insulated manner, while a detachable closure 61, which is provided with seals 75 and 76, provides access to the electronics insert 59 and the battery 40.
  • a prerequisite for closing the electrical ignition circuit is that the structurally predetermined sequence be followed when the individual fuses of the igniter are actuated, because the circuit board 28 closing the contact pins 31 is part of the second water pressure fuse 54, which is actuated last by all the fuses.
  • the rotor 1 with its support surface 110 is in engagement with the release pin 34.
  • the detonator 115 of the rotor 1 is short-circuited because of the electromagnetic compatibility via a contact pin 11 which is prestressed with a compression spring 12.
  • This short-circuit bridge is separated into its ignition position when the rotor 1 is rotated by approximately 90 °.
  • the contact pin 25 accommodated in an insulating sleeve 24 bears against the rotor shaft 107 and is short-circuited via it.
  • the rotor 1 itself is rotatably supported by its upper and lower bearing pins 118 and 119, the bearing pins ensuring low friction.
  • the rotor 1 is provided with a spiral spring 15, which is housed in a spring housing 16, which in turn is held by a rotor locking screw 17, which is sealed with a seal 72 is used.
  • the spiral spring 15 fastened to the rotor 1 and the spring housing 16 prestresses the rotor 1 in a clockwise direction, the number of rotations of the spring housing 16 lockable with a pin 91 determining the pretensioning force of the spiral spring 15, with which it presses against the release pin 34 and rotates of the rotor 1 counteracts in the ignition position.
  • the trigger pin 34 is thus clamped in the rest position between the bearing surface 110 of the preloaded rotor 1 and the plug-in pin 69. So that with sufficient water pressure and pulled pin 69 of the rotor 1 can be rotated into the ignition position, the force exerted by the spiral spring 15 must be overcome so that with the bias of the spiral spring 15 the water depth can be specified in which the detonator is armed can graze because the water pressure increases with depth.
  • FIG. 3 shows the first water pressure safety device 44, which is connected to a sieve 47 (FIG. 2) via bushings 45 with a slight slope. Through these openings, the water through the sieve 47 and the bushings 45 can act on a membrane 19 which is biased outwards with a conical spring 18 which surrounds a piston 2. The membrane 19 is closed to the outside with a closure 20 which is sealed with a seal 73.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 The interaction of the piston 2 of the first water pressure safety device 44 with the rotor 1 is shown in more detail in FIGS. 4 and 5.
  • the piston 2 has on its upper side a radially outwardly projecting radial guide pin 201 which engages with the guide groove 101 of the rotor 1 and is displaceable therein.
  • the rotor 1 itself is shown in FIGS. 6 to 9 in detail. In the vicinity of the upper bearing pin 119, a cylinder part 126 can be seen, around which the spiral spring 15 is wound. This is followed by a cylindrical rotor body 106 of larger diameter. As the section of the rotor body 106 shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 7 shows, two asymmetrical projections 113 and 114 extend outward from the central, solid region of the rotor body 106 to the outer circumference 124 of the rotor body 106. These projections 113 and 114 form stops 111 on one side to engage with a pin, not shown, and limit the rotary movement of the rotor 1. On the other side, the projections 113 and 114 form the abovementioned support surface 110 for the trigger pin 34.
  • This support surface 110 consists of two rectilinear areas 120 and 123, which have a arcuate recess 122 are connected to one another, while a straight bevel 121 adjoins the rectilinear region 120 at an obtuse angle and runs to the outer circumference 124 of the rotor body 106.
  • the trigger pin 34 is seated on the rectilinear region 120, that is to say in an eccentric position. If, after pulling the pin 69, the spring force of the spiral spring 15 is greater than the force exerted by the release pin 34 on the support surface 110, the rotor 1 rotates clockwise and presses out the release pin 34 guided in the ring 27 and in the closure piece 3. The front end of the release pin 34 slides from the rectilinear region 120 via the bevel 121 onto the outer circumference 124 of the rotor body 106 and then no longer has any possibility of rotating the rotor.
  • the rotor 1 rotates counterclockwise, the eccentrically arranged trigger pin 34 sliding with its front end along the bearing surface 110. Since the trigger pin 34 has a finite width, the arcuate recess 122 prevents the rotor 1 and the trigger pin 34 from wedging, since the cross section of the trigger pin 34 is taken into account. In this way, the trigger pin 34 can rotate the rotor 1 through an angle of 90 ° into the ignition position.
  • the rotor shaft 107 adjoins the rotor body 106, which has a radical through bore which receives the detonator 115, which is provided with a bushing 116.
  • the guide groove 101 which essentially consists of three areas, namely an outer ring 102 as a blind adjusting groove, an inner ring 104 as a focusing groove and an axial recess 103, which connect the outer ring 102 and the inner ring 104 to one another extend from the axial recess 103 in the circumferential direction in opposite directions and in this way form two circular-arc-shaped tracks.
  • the outer ring 102 is delimited by the two stops 108 and 109, while the inner ring 104 extends over a longer circular arc and has a stop 105.
  • the guide pin 201 which engages with the guide groove 101 can only move in the axial direction if it is in the vicinity of the stop 108 and aligned with the axial recess 103 is. If it is too close to the other stop 109 in the outer ring 102, it cannot move in the axial direction because it then strikes against the axial stop 125. So if the rotor 1 is rotated clockwise by the force of the spiral spring 1, the guide pin 201 on the piston 2 runs against the stop 109 and is thus also in front of the axial stop 125, so that the later actuation of the first Water pressure safety device 44 cannot move the guide pin 201 in the axial direction.
  • the igniter described above works as follows. Before the detonator is let into the water, the safety plug 63 with its warning flag 63a on the plug connector 69 is removed and kept by the operating personnel for control purposes in order to have an overview of the detonators and explosive charges that have been exposed. The detonator is then lowered into the water and brought to its location in a suitable vehicle. At this time, the individual assemblies of the detonator assume the rest position shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 to 5, in which the guide pin 201 is located in the outer ring 102 and bears against the stop 108, so that it is aligned with the axial recess 103.
  • the membrane 19 which is biased by the conical spring 18, is acted upon to an increasing extent by penetrating water from the sieve 47 and the bushings 45 and is pressed into the interior of the housing 10.
  • the piston 2 and the guide pin 201 fastened thereon are advanced in the axial recess 103 until it comes to bear against the inner side wall of the inner ring 104.
  • the pin 69 can be pulled with the pull rope 65 when the functional water depth of the second water pressure safety device is reached, without the pre-tensioned rotor 1 can push out the release pin 34, because now the guide pin 201 lies in the axial recess 103 against the stop 105 and prevents a corresponding rotation of the rotor 1 in the clockwise direction.
  • the bores 68 form water inlet openings to act on the membrane of the second water pressure safety device 54, but prevent an abrupt load on the membrane, so that no damage and deformation can occur.
  • the trigger pin 34 is pressed inward by the water pressure on the membrane 37 and rotates the rotor 1 by an angle of 90 °, the trigger pin 34 sliding along the bearing surface 110 provided with the arcuate recess 122 without the risk of wedging . If the rotor 1 has been rotated by 90 °, the detonator 115 is opposite the contact pin 25, which contacts the detonator 115 via its compression spring 26.
  • the board 28 mounted on the piston 36 is advanced until it bridges the contact pins 31.
  • the contact pins 31 are accommodated in the contact pin housing 8, which in turn is mounted with fastening pins 85 and 86.
  • the contact pins 31 are acted upon by springs 32, which ensure reliable contact with the circuit board 28 on the one side and are connected on the other side to a contact circuit board 35, which in turn is electrically connected to the lines 85 in order to at this point Close circuit.
  • the rotor 1 is a very essential component of the novel igniter, the shape of the guide groove 101 playing an important role. If the guide groove 101 is unwound in one plane, one has to imagine this guide groove as a stylized S, the upper and lower bars (inner ring 104 and outer ring 102) each connecting the vertical bars (axial recess 103) at a right angle .
  • the guide pin 201 When the igniter is in the rest position, the guide pin 201 is located at the outer end of the axial recess 103 and thus at the same time in the outer ring 102, wherein it rests against the stop 108. In this rest position, the guide pin 201 performs a double function: Firstly, it prevents the rotor 1 from rotating counterclockwise into the arming position because this rotation would be premature because the intended water pressure that actuates the first water pressure safety device 44 has not yet been built up. On the other hand, the guide pin 201 is prepared in this rest position for being pushed into the arming position, provided the required water pressure is exerted on the first water pressure safety device 44.
  • the guide pin 201 has moved along the axial recess 103 into the inner ring 104 as a focusing groove and the guide pin 201 bears against the stop 105 and prevents the rotor 1 from rotating clockwise, by which the Trigger pin 34 would be pushed out after pulling the pin 69, since a pressure must first build up over the membrane 37 of the second water pressure safety device after pulling the pin 69 before the trigger pin 34 can pivot the rotor 1 into the ignition position against the force of the coil spring 15.
  • the igniter does not necessarily have to be fired even when the rotor has turned to the arming position, because the ignition itself is dependent on the receipt of a suitable firing pulse at the receiving part of the electronics module 59. If a received ignition pulse is not compatible with the ignition electronics or if no ignition pulse is received at all, the ignition will fail to appear in these cases. After a certain standby time, the ignition electronics themselves destroy themselves, thus ensuring that after this time the igniter cannot function.
  • the detonator described above is also insensitive to any arbitrary manipulation.
  • the first water pressure safety device 44 is located far inside the housing 10. Its water feedthroughs 45 are connected to the sieve 47 on the front side of the detonator via an obliquely sloping channel that allows the water to flow away (cf. FIG. 2).
  • the second water pressure safety device 54 is located in an inaccessible place inside the housing 10 and can only be acted upon via the release pin 34 or the water entering through the bores 68 and 68a over a small cross section.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
EP80105274A 1979-09-29 1980-09-04 Mehrfach gesicherter Unterwasserzünder Expired EP0026348B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19792939711 DE2939711C2 (de) 1979-09-29 1979-09-29 Unterwasserzünder zum Zünden von Sprengladungen
DE2939711 1979-09-29
DE19792939700 DE2939700C2 (de) 1979-09-29 1979-09-29 Sicherheits-Zündschaltung für einen Unterwasserzünder
DE2939700 1979-09-29

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82104693.5 Division-Into 1982-05-28

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0026348A2 EP0026348A2 (de) 1981-04-08
EP0026348A3 EP0026348A3 (en) 1982-05-12
EP0026348B1 true EP0026348B1 (de) 1985-04-24

Family

ID=25781307

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP80105274A Expired EP0026348B1 (de) 1979-09-29 1980-09-04 Mehrfach gesicherter Unterwasserzünder

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (2) US4369709A (da)
EP (1) EP0026348B1 (da)
DE (1) DE3070553D1 (da)
DK (1) DK150260C (da)

Families Citing this family (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE8205919U1 (de) * 1982-03-04 1986-06-19 Rheinmetall GmbH, 4000 Düsseldorf Unterwasser-Zünder für Kampfschwimmer-Abwehrladungen, Schallsignalgeber o. dgl.
US4495849A (en) * 1982-09-27 1985-01-29 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Remotely activated cable cutter
SE444985B (sv) * 1982-10-15 1986-05-20 S A Marine Ab Armeringsdon for sjominor innefattande separat elektrisk tendkapsel
US4571788A (en) * 1983-11-21 1986-02-25 Hazeltine Corporation Double action pressure release
GB2151759B (en) * 1983-12-22 1988-04-20 Mp Compact Energy Ltd Demolition device and method of preparing same
US5005482A (en) * 1984-05-21 1991-04-09 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Combined mine safety deployment and activation system
DE3680119D1 (de) * 1986-10-29 1991-08-08 S A Marine Ab Zuender fuer unterwassergeschoss.
DE3915577A1 (de) * 1989-05-12 1990-11-15 Rheinmetall Gmbh Vorrichtung zur vernichtung von ankertauminen
US5202532A (en) * 1990-05-21 1993-04-13 Alliant Techsystems Inc. Autonomous acoustic detonation device
DE4021319A1 (de) * 1990-07-04 1992-01-16 Diehl Gmbh & Co Sicherungseinrichtung fuer eine zum ausloesen einer schaltfunktion bei einem bestimmten hydrostatischen druck vorgesehene ausloeseeinrichtung
US5245926A (en) * 1992-03-11 1993-09-21 United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Generic electronic safe and arm
US5821447A (en) * 1995-08-24 1998-10-13 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Safety and arming device
US6247408B1 (en) * 1999-11-08 2001-06-19 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army System for sympathetic detonation of explosives
US7451700B1 (en) * 2004-04-14 2008-11-18 Raytheon Company Detonator system having linear actuator
US9568294B2 (en) * 2013-03-08 2017-02-14 Ensign-Bickford Aerospace & Defense Company Signal encrypted digital detonator system
US10539397B2 (en) * 2017-04-12 2020-01-21 Wilcox Industries Corp. Modular underwater torpedo system
CN112923814A (zh) * 2020-12-17 2021-06-08 西安精密机械研究所 一种复位机构及采用该复位机构的管装保险器
CN114427809B (zh) * 2021-12-14 2023-06-02 宜昌测试技术研究所 一种标准水雷战斗部

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US1617674A (en) * 1926-02-03 1927-02-15 Dieter William Hydrostatic mine
US3115833A (en) * 1944-01-28 1963-12-31 Harry H Hall Acoustical doppler firing device
CH268889A (de) * 1949-08-30 1950-06-15 Patelhold Patentverwertung Einrichtung zur Verminderung der Störempfindlichkeit eines Annäherungszünders.
US3030885A (en) * 1950-12-08 1962-04-24 Whitman D Mounce Arming and sterilizing mechanism for mine systems
DE1086595B (de) * 1958-03-18 1960-08-04 Rinker Fa R Druckzuender
US3572244A (en) * 1967-07-20 1971-03-23 Us Navy Underwater firing device
US4026215A (en) * 1975-05-14 1977-05-31 General Electric Company Controlled range, multi-mode fuze
DE2530707C2 (de) * 1975-07-10 1985-06-05 Rheinmetall GmbH, 4000 Düsseldorf Unterwasser-Zünder für einen von einem Schleppseil gezogenen Sprenggreifer
US4015533A (en) * 1976-06-15 1977-04-05 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Dual pressure sensing safing and arming mechanism
DE2752823C2 (de) * 1977-11-26 1984-02-02 Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm GmbH, 8000 München Einrichtung zur Auslösung von sprengtechnischen Wirkkörpern
DE2844188C2 (de) * 1978-10-11 1985-06-13 Rheinmetall GmbH, 4000 Düsseldorf Unterwasserzünder für Kampfschwimmer-Abwehrladungen, Schallsignalgeber o.dgl.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4478149A (en) 1984-10-23
DK150260C (da) 1987-10-05
US4369709A (en) 1983-01-25
DE3070553D1 (en) 1985-05-30
EP0026348A2 (de) 1981-04-08
EP0026348A3 (en) 1982-05-12
DK150260B (da) 1987-01-19
DK406280A (da) 1981-03-30

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