DK2371019T3 - Lithiumakkumulator og fremgangsmåde til fremstilling deraf - Google Patents

Lithiumakkumulator og fremgangsmåde til fremstilling deraf Download PDF

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DK2371019T3
DK2371019T3 DK09775827.0T DK09775827T DK2371019T3 DK 2371019 T3 DK2371019 T3 DK 2371019T3 DK 09775827 T DK09775827 T DK 09775827T DK 2371019 T3 DK2371019 T3 DK 2371019T3
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accumulator
lithium
electrode
electrodes
separator
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DK09775827.0T
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Jan Prochazka Jr
Jan Prochazka
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He3Da Sro
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    • H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
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    • H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
    • H01M4/381—Alkaline or alkaline earth metals elements
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    • H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
    • H01M4/485—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of mixed oxides or hydroxides for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiTi2O4 or LiTi2OxFy
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    • H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
    • H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
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    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/403—Manufacturing processes of separators, membranes or diaphragms
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    • H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
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Claims (20)

1. Lithiumakkumulator, der omfatter mindst to tredimensionelle elektroder adskilt af en separator og indkapslet sammen med en elektrolyt, som omfatter en ikke-vandig opløsning af et lithiumsalt i et organisk polært opløsningsmiddel, i et akkumulatorlegeme, kendetegnet ved, at de to elektroder har en minimumstykkelse på hver 0,5 mm, hvoraf mindst én som en første elektrode omfatter en homogen, komprimeret blanding af pulvere af en elektronledende komponent og et aktivt materiale, der er i stand til at absorbere og ekstrahere lithium i nærværelse af elektrolyt, hvor de pressede elektroders porøsitet er på 25 til 90 %, det aktive materiale har morfologi af hule sfærer med en vægtykkelse på maksimalt 10 mikrometer eller morfologi af aggregater eller agglomerater på maksimalt 30 mikrometer i størrelse, mens separatoren består af et meget porøst elektrisk isolerende keramisk materiale med åbne porer og en porøsitet fra 30 til 95 %.
2. Lithiumakkumulator ifølge krav 1, hvor den elektronledende komponent, det aktive materiale og separatoren er helt igennem uorganiske materialer, der er fri for organiske bindemidler, og hvor den første elektrode, den anden elektrode og separatoren er opnået ved presning af pulvere.
3. Lithiumakkumulator ifølge et hvilket som helst af kravene 1 eller 2, hvor den elektronledende komponent er valgt fra gruppen bestående af ledende carbon og dets modifikationer, ledende metaller og elektrisk ledende oxider.
4. Lithiumakkumulator ifølge et hvilket som helst af kravene 1 til 3, hvor det aktive materiale er valgt fra gruppen bestående af blandede oxider eller phosphater af lithium, mangan, krom, vanadium, titanium, kobolt, aluminium, nikkel, jem, lanthan, niobium, bor, cerium, tantal, tin, magnesium, yttrium og zirconium.
5. Lithiumakkumulator ifølge et hvilket som helst af kravene 1 til 4, hvor det aktive materiale består af nanopartikler af doterede og ikke-doterede spineller af lithium- manganoxid eller lithiumtitaniumoxid med en størrelse på op til 250 nm.
6. Lithiumakkumulator ifølge et hvilket som helst af kravene 1 til 5, hvor den første elektrode omfatter 40 til 85 vægtprocent af det aktive materiale.
7. Lithiumakkumulator ifølge et hvilket som helst af kravene 1 til 6, hvor en anden elektrode består af en komprimeret, homogen blanding af pulvere af aktivt materiale, elektronledende komponent og strømaftager.
8. Lithiumakkumulator ifølge et hvilket som helst af kravene 1 til 7, hvor separatoren består af komprimeret, meget porøst pulver af et keramisk materiale, der med fordel er baseret på AI2O3 eller ZrCh.
9. Lithiumakkumulator ifølge et hvilket som helst af kravene 1 til 8, hvor separatoren har en retningsuafhængig morfologi af pyrolyseret produkt, ikke-vævet glas- eller keramiske fibre.
10. Lithiumakkumulator ifølge et hvilket som helst af kravene 8 til 9, hvor separatoren er fremstillet ved komprimering af et pulver af et pyrolyseret produkt eller ikke-vævede fibre til en tykkelse af separatoren fra 0,1 mm til 10 mm.
11. Lithiumakkumulator ifølge et hvilket som helst af kravene 1 til 10, hvor den anden elektrode består af metallisk lithium.
12. Lithiumakkumulator ifølge krav 11, hvor det metalliske lithium er i form af en lithiumplade eller en folie, eller en kombination af nedpresset lithiumplade eller en folie og lithiumdendritter, eller i form af lithiumdendritter.
13. Lithiumakkumulator ifølge krav 1, hvor elektrolytten endvidere indeholder modifikationsmidler, der forbedrer akkumulatorfunktioner ved høje temperaturer og/eller fjerner nedbrydningsprodukter og/eller beskytter akkumulatoren mod overopladning og/eller stoffer, der påvirker størrelsen af metallithiumdendritter.
14. Lithiumakkumulator ifølge et hvilket som helst af kravene 1 til 13, der omfatter et hult legeme (6), som har en øvre åbnet del og en nedre del til dannelse af en første pol af akkumulatoren, en første elektrode (1), der er anbragt i den nedre del af legemet og er i elektrisk kontakt med en indvendig overflade af legemet, en anden elektrode i den øvre del, der er adskilt fra legemets indvendige overflade af en isolerende indsats (8), en separator (5), der er placeret mellem den første elektrode og den anden elektrode, en hætte (7) til lukning af øvre åbnede del, og som er i elektrisk kontakt med den anden elektrode (2) til dannelse af en anden pol af akkumulatoren, en forseglingsafdækning (9) til isolation af hætten fra legemet (6).
15. Lithiumakkumulator ifølge et hvilket som helst af kravene 1 til 13, der omfatter et øvre legeme (6a) og et nedre legeme (6b), som er sammenføjet, idet begge definerer et indvendigt akkumulatorrum og er forbundet med akkumulatorens første pol (11), en første elektrode (la, lb), der er presset ind i legemernes (6a, 6b) indvendige rum til dannelse af et centralt hulrum indeni og er i elektrisk kontakt med legemerne (6a, 6b), en anden elektrode (2), der er anbragt inde i det centrale hulrum, idet akkumulatorens anden pol er i elektrisk kontakt med den anden elektrode (2) og strækker sig uden for akkumulatorlegemet, og separatorer (5a, 5b), der adskiller den første elektrode (la, lb) fra den anden elektrode (2).
16. Lithiumakkumulator ifølge et hvilket som helst af kravene 1 til 13, der omfatter et øvre legeme (6a), som indbefatter den første akkumulatorpol (11), og et nedre legeme (6b), der indbefatter den anden akkumulatorpol (22), idet begge legemer (6a, 6b) er føjet sammen til definition af et indvendigt akkumulatorrum-volumen, en første elektrode (1), der er anbragt inde i det øvre legemes (6a) indvendige rum, en anden elektrode (2), der er anbragt inde i det nedre legemes (6b) indvendige rum, en separator (5), der adskiller den første elektrode (1) fra den anden elektrode (2), og en tætning (8), der er anbragt mellem det øvre legeme (6a) og det nedre legeme (6b) til elektrisk isolation af den første akkumulatorpol (11) fra den anden akkumulatorpol (22).
17. Lithiumakkumulator ifølge et hvilket som helst af kravene 1 til 13, der indbefatter to marginale sæt og mindst ét indvendigt sæt, idet hvert af nævnte sæt omfatter første elektroder, anden elektroder, separatorer, strømopsamlere og akkumulatorpoler, og endvidere omfatter: et hult marginalt øvre legeme (6a), der har en lukket udvendig overflade og en åbnet indvendig overflade til definition af en marginal ramme til modtagelse af en første elektrode, et hult marginalt nedre legeme (6b), der har en lukket udvendig overflade og en åbnet indvendig overflade til definition af en marginal ramme til modtagelse af en første elektrode, indvendige rammer (10a) til modtagelse af første elektroder (la), indvendige rammer (20a, 20b) til modtagelse af anden elektroder (2a, 2b), separatorer (5a, 5b), der er anbragt mellem de tilstødende første elektroder og anden elektroder, strømopsamlere (111) til tilvejebringelse af elektrisk kontakt med de første elektroder og forbundet med den første akkumulatorpol (11), strømopsamlere (221) til tilvejebringelse af elektrisk kontakt med de anden elektroder og forbundet med den anden akkumulatorpol (22), mindst ét indvendigt sæt med samme konfiguration som de marginale sæt, hvor de marginale legemer er erstattet af de indvendige rammer.
18. Fremgangsmåde til fremstilling af en lithiumakkumulator ifølge et hvilket som helst af kravene 1 til 13, hvor mindst én plade af en første elektrode, separator og mindst én plade af en anden elektrode stables ved at presse på hinanden, akkumulatorlegemet fyldes med elektrolytten, lukkes, og strømopsamlere af samme type elektroder forbindes.
19. Fremgangsmåde ifølge krav 18, hvor de enkelte plader gradvist presses oven på hinanden ved stødpåvirkning.
20. Fremgangsmåde til fremstilling af en lithiumakkumulator ifølge et hvilket som helst af kravene 1 til 13, hvor komprimerede plader af mindst én elektrode, en separator og mindst én anden elektrode skiftevis stables oven på hinanden, akkumulatorlegemet fyldes med elektrolytten, lukkes, og strømopsamlere af samme type elektroder forbindes.
DK09775827.0T 2008-09-19 2009-09-18 Lithiumakkumulator og fremgangsmåde til fremstilling deraf DK2371019T3 (da)

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US20160322643A1 (en) 2016-11-03
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AU2009295014A1 (en) 2010-03-25
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HUE041758T2 (hu) 2019-05-28
CZ2008572A3 (cs) 2010-02-10
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