DE69431256T2 - Schmieröl für kompressionskühlvorrichtung - Google Patents

Schmieröl für kompressionskühlvorrichtung

Info

Publication number
DE69431256T2
DE69431256T2 DE69431256T DE69431256T DE69431256T2 DE 69431256 T2 DE69431256 T2 DE 69431256T2 DE 69431256 T DE69431256 T DE 69431256T DE 69431256 T DE69431256 T DE 69431256T DE 69431256 T2 DE69431256 T2 DE 69431256T2
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
carbon atoms
hydrocarbon group
general formula
represented
group
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
DE69431256T
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
DE69431256D1 (de
Inventor
Tatsuya Egawa
Yasuhiro Kawaguchi
Nobuaki Shimizu
Izumi Terada
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd filed Critical Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd
Publication of DE69431256D1 publication Critical patent/DE69431256D1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE69431256T2 publication Critical patent/DE69431256T2/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M107/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound
    • C10M107/20—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M107/30—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M107/32—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Polyesters; Polyethers
    • C10M107/34—Polyoxyalkylenes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M107/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound
    • C10M107/20—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M107/22—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M107/24—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to an alcohol, aldehyde, ketonic, ether, ketal or acetal radical
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M171/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by purely physical criteria, e.g. containing as base-material, thickener or additive, ingredients which are characterised exclusively by their numerically specified physical properties, i.e. containing ingredients which are physically well-defined but for which the chemical nature is either unspecified or only very vaguely indicated
    • C10M171/008—Lubricant compositions compatible with refrigerants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/04—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to an alcohol or ester thereof; bound to an aldehyde, ketonic, ether, ketal or acetal radical
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/06—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to an acyloxy radical of saturated carboxylic or carbonic acid
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/06—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to an acyloxy radical of saturated carboxylic or carbonic acid
    • C10M2209/062—Vinyl esters of saturated carboxylic or carbonic acids, e.g. vinyl acetate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
    • C10M2209/107—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of two or more specified different alkylene oxides covered by groups C10M2209/104 - C10M2209/106
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
    • C10M2209/108—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups etherified
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2211/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2211/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing carbon, hydrogen and halogen only
    • C10M2211/022—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing carbon, hydrogen and halogen only aliphatic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2211/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2211/06—Perfluorinated compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
    • C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/30—Refrigerators lubricants or compressors lubricants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/32—Wires, ropes or cables lubricants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/34—Lubricating-sealants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/36—Release agents or mold release agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/38—Conveyors or chain belts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/40—Generators or electric motors in oil or gas winning field
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/42—Flashing oils or marking oils
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/44—Super vacuum or supercritical use
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/50—Medical uses

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
DE69431256T 1993-12-03 1994-11-30 Schmieröl für kompressionskühlvorrichtung Expired - Lifetime DE69431256T2 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP30373693 1993-12-03
PCT/JP1994/002011 WO1995015367A1 (en) 1993-12-03 1994-11-30 Lubricating oil for compression refrigerator

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE69431256D1 DE69431256D1 (de) 2002-10-02
DE69431256T2 true DE69431256T2 (de) 2003-01-02

Family

ID=17924655

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE69431256T Expired - Lifetime DE69431256T2 (de) 1993-12-03 1994-11-30 Schmieröl für kompressionskühlvorrichtung

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US5908818A (https=)
EP (1) EP0732391B1 (https=)
KR (1) KR100405447B1 (https=)
CN (1) CN1042642C (https=)
AU (1) AU683517B2 (https=)
BR (1) BR9408269A (https=)
DE (1) DE69431256T2 (https=)
ES (1) ES2182884T3 (https=)
MY (1) MY111325A (https=)
RU (1) RU2139919C1 (https=)
TW (1) TW249246B (https=)
WO (1) WO1995015367A1 (https=)

Families Citing this family (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4112645B2 (ja) * 1996-02-05 2008-07-02 出光興産株式会社 圧縮型冷凍機用潤滑油
JP3557053B2 (ja) * 1996-09-30 2004-08-25 三洋電機株式会社 冷媒圧縮機
JPH10159734A (ja) 1996-11-28 1998-06-16 Sanyo Electric Co Ltd 冷凍装置
US6503417B1 (en) * 1998-04-13 2003-01-07 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Ternary compositions of ammonia, pentafluoroethane and difluoromethane
EP1681341B1 (en) 1999-03-05 2010-06-02 Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. Refrigerating machine oil composition
JP4959894B2 (ja) * 1999-09-10 2012-06-27 出光興産株式会社 高純度含酸素化合物の製造方法及び潤滑油
MXPA03000964A (es) * 2000-08-02 2004-02-17 Mj Res & Dev L P Sistema de aceite lubricante y refrigerante.
WO2006030489A1 (ja) * 2004-09-14 2006-03-23 Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. 冷凍機油組成物
EP1792970B1 (en) * 2004-09-14 2013-01-23 Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. Refrigerator oil composition containing an aromatic sulfur compound
MY158056A (en) * 2005-09-07 2016-08-30 Idemitsu Kosan Co Lubricant for compression type refrigerating machine and refrigerating device using same
KR101433400B1 (ko) * 2006-09-29 2014-08-26 이데미쓰 고산 가부시키가이샤 압축형 냉동기용 윤활유 및 이것을 사용한 냉동 장치
EP2071012B1 (en) * 2006-09-29 2013-05-22 Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. Lubricant for compression refrigerating machine
JP5379486B2 (ja) * 2006-09-29 2013-12-25 出光興産株式会社 圧縮型冷凍機用潤滑油、及びそれを用いた冷凍装置
EP2067844A4 (en) * 2006-09-29 2011-05-04 Idemitsu Kosan Co LUBRICANTS FOR COMPRESSION COOLING MACHINE AND COOLING APPARATUS THEREWITH
EP2071011B1 (en) * 2006-09-29 2014-11-05 Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. Lubricant for compression refrigerating machine
EP2075316B1 (en) * 2006-09-29 2013-05-29 Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. Lubricant for compression refrigerating machine
JP5302184B2 (ja) * 2007-03-08 2013-10-02 出光興産株式会社 圧縮型冷凍機用潤滑油、及びそれを用いた冷凍装置
JP5241263B2 (ja) * 2008-02-15 2013-07-17 出光興産株式会社 冷凍機用潤滑油組成物
WO2011127132A1 (en) * 2010-04-06 2011-10-13 Chemtura Corporation Refrigeration oil and compositions with carbon dioxide refrigerant
JP5986778B2 (ja) * 2012-03-30 2016-09-06 出光興産株式会社 冷媒組成物およびフッ化炭化水素の分解抑制方法
WO2014051108A1 (ja) * 2012-09-28 2014-04-03 出光興産株式会社 圧縮型冷凍機用潤滑油
CN107216926A (zh) * 2017-07-06 2017-09-29 沈阳市宏城精细化工厂 与r32制冷剂低温互溶的聚乙烯基醚类润滑油基础油的制备方法及其在制冷系统中的应用

Family Cites Families (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5558298A (en) * 1978-10-25 1980-04-30 Nippon Oil Co Ltd Lubricating oil for rotary refrigerant compressor
US4497721A (en) * 1982-11-17 1985-02-05 Idemitsu Kosan Company Limited Refrigerator oil composition
ES2152282T3 (es) * 1988-12-06 2001-02-01 Idemitsu Kosan Co Aceite lubricante para refrigerador por compresion.
US4851144A (en) * 1989-01-10 1989-07-25 The Dow Chemical Company Lubricants for refrigeration compressors
JPH07119430B2 (ja) * 1989-05-08 1995-12-20 出光興産株式会社 圧縮型冷凍機用潤滑油
US5269955A (en) * 1989-05-08 1993-12-14 Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. Lubricating oil for compression-type refrigerators and polyoxyalkylene glycol derivative
US4944890A (en) * 1989-05-23 1990-07-31 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Compositions and process of using in refrigeration
JP2831400B2 (ja) * 1989-11-02 1998-12-02 三井化学株式会社 冷凍機用潤滑油組成物
JPH044294A (ja) * 1990-04-20 1992-01-08 Nippon Oil Co Ltd 非塩素系フロン冷媒用冷凍機油
DK0435253T3 (da) * 1989-12-28 1994-06-20 Nippon Oil Co Ltd Køleolier til brug sammen med hydrogenholdige halogencarbonkølemidler
AU648435B2 (en) * 1991-09-19 1994-04-21 Japan Energy Corporation Lubricating oils for flon compressors, compositions adapted for flon compressors and composed of mixtures of said lubricating oils and flon, and process for lubricating flon compressor by using said lubricating oils
BR9306495A (pt) * 1992-06-04 1998-09-15 Idemitsu Kosan Co Composto de éter polivinílico e um óleo lubrificante
US5518643A (en) * 1992-06-04 1996-05-21 Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. Lubricating oil containing a polyvinyl ether compound for compression-type refrigerators
JP3139517B2 (ja) * 1993-02-19 2001-03-05 出光興産株式会社 冷凍機油組成物

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU683517B2 (en) 1997-11-13
EP0732391A1 (en) 1996-09-18
KR960706547A (ko) 1996-12-09
TW249246B (https=) 1995-06-11
BR9408269A (pt) 1996-12-17
DE69431256D1 (de) 2002-10-02
MY111325A (en) 1999-10-30
EP0732391A4 (en) 1997-09-24
CN1136822A (zh) 1996-11-27
KR100405447B1 (ko) 2004-04-21
US5908818A (en) 1999-06-01
RU2139919C1 (ru) 1999-10-20
AU1119595A (en) 1995-06-19
ES2182884T3 (es) 2003-03-16
EP0732391B1 (en) 2002-08-28
CN1042642C (zh) 1999-03-24
WO1995015367A1 (en) 1995-06-08

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