DE69401551T2 - Verfahren zur Verbesserung des Verschleissfestigkeit und Korrosionswiderstand von Eisenmetalgegenständen - Google Patents
Verfahren zur Verbesserung des Verschleissfestigkeit und Korrosionswiderstand von EisenmetalgegenständenInfo
- Publication number
- DE69401551T2 DE69401551T2 DE69401551T DE69401551T DE69401551T2 DE 69401551 T2 DE69401551 T2 DE 69401551T2 DE 69401551 T DE69401551 T DE 69401551T DE 69401551 T DE69401551 T DE 69401551T DE 69401551 T2 DE69401551 T2 DE 69401551T2
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- bath
- salts
- parts
- corrosion
- resistance
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 title claims description 35
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 title claims description 35
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims description 12
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 11
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005256 carbonitriding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromate(2-) Chemical class [O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 permanganates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- ICIWUVCWSCSTAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodic acid Chemical class OI(=O)=O ICIWUVCWSCSTAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- KHIWWQKSHDUIBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N periodic acid Chemical class OI(=O)(=O)=O KHIWWQKSHDUIBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004978 peroxycarbonates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000288 alkali metal carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000008041 alkali metal carbonates Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 22
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 21
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 9
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 6
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- SOCTUWSJJQCPFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichromate(2-) Chemical compound [O-][Cr](=O)(=O)O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O SOCTUWSJJQCPFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001854 alkali hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- ZXKXJHAOUFHNAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N fenfluramine hydrochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CC[NH2+]C(C)CC1=CC=CC(C(F)(F)F)=C1 ZXKXJHAOUFHNAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferrosoferric oxide Chemical compound O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006396 nitration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000241 scar Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000037390 scarring Effects 0.000 description 2
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000272 alkali metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001447 alkali salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940075397 calomel Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLJMAIOERFSOGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M cyanate Chemical compound [O-]C#N XLJMAIOERFSOGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000001913 cyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010908 decantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006735 deficit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007850 degeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZOMNIUBKTOKEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-L dimercury dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Hg][Hg]Cl ZOMNIUBKTOKEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000010981 drying operation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- MSKQYWJTFPOQAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoroethene;prop-1-ene Chemical group CC=C.FC=C MSKQYWJTFPOQAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010534 mechanism of action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001457 metallic cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000033116 oxidation-reduction process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/70—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using melts
- C23C22/72—Treatment of iron or alloys based thereon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/40—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using liquids, e.g. salt baths, liquid suspensions
- C23C8/42—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using liquids, e.g. salt baths, liquid suspensions only one element being applied
- C23C8/48—Nitriding
- C23C8/50—Nitriding of ferrous surfaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/80—After-treatment
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
- Preventing Corrosion Or Incrustation Of Metals (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
- Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Luminescent Compositions (AREA)
- Cleaning And De-Greasing Of Metallic Materials By Chemical Methods (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
- Coating With Molten Metal (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9309814A FR2708941B1 (fr) | 1993-08-10 | 1993-08-10 | Procédé pour améliorer la résistance à l'usure et à la corrosion de pièces en métaux ferreux. |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE69401551D1 DE69401551D1 (de) | 1997-03-06 |
| DE69401551T2 true DE69401551T2 (de) | 1997-07-03 |
Family
ID=9450082
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE69401551T Expired - Lifetime DE69401551T2 (de) | 1993-08-10 | 1994-07-26 | Verfahren zur Verbesserung des Verschleissfestigkeit und Korrosionswiderstand von Eisenmetalgegenständen |
Country Status (13)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0638661B1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP3083453B2 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR100273924B1 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN1054891C (ja) |
| AT (1) | ATE148178T1 (ja) |
| BR (1) | BR9403101A (ja) |
| CA (1) | CA2129162C (ja) |
| DE (1) | DE69401551T2 (ja) |
| ES (1) | ES2097012T3 (ja) |
| FR (1) | FR2708941B1 (ja) |
| MY (1) | MY111901A (ja) |
| PL (1) | PL177228B1 (ja) |
| TW (1) | TW259815B (ja) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6431761B1 (en) | 1999-07-21 | 2002-08-13 | Nsk Ltd. | Cage for rolling bearing |
| DE10124933A1 (de) * | 2001-05-21 | 2002-11-28 | Endress & Hauser Gmbh & Co Kg | Anordnung aus einem metallischen Deckel und einem metallischem Gehäuse eines Meßgerätes und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2731232B1 (fr) * | 1995-03-01 | 1997-05-16 | Stephanois Rech | Procede de traitement de surfaces ferreuses soumises a des sollicitations elevees de frottement |
| TW557330B (en) | 2000-11-29 | 2003-10-11 | Parker Netsushori Kogyo Kk | Improved salt bath nitrogenating method for corrosion-resistant iron material and iron units |
| EP2757423B1 (fr) * | 2013-01-17 | 2018-07-11 | Omega SA | Pièce pour mouvement d'horlogerie |
| CN103451595B (zh) * | 2013-09-02 | 2015-09-23 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | 镁合金表面熔盐氧碳硫共渗耐腐蚀陶瓷涂层及制备和应用 |
| CN113897579A (zh) * | 2021-09-30 | 2022-01-07 | 成都工具研究所有限公司 | 一种316l不锈钢工件低温qpq处理工艺 |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2639244A (en) * | 1950-07-15 | 1953-05-19 | Remington Arms Co Inc | Metal finishing method |
| DE2934113C2 (de) * | 1979-08-23 | 1985-05-09 | Degussa Ag, 6000 Frankfurt | Verfahren zur Erhöhung der Korrosionsbeständigkeit nitrierter Bauteile aus Eisenwerkstoffen |
| FR2525637B1 (fr) * | 1982-04-23 | 1986-05-09 | Stephanois Rech Mec | Procede de traitement de pieces en metal ferreux en bain de sels oxydant, pour ameliorer leur resistance a la corrosion, les pieces contenant du soufre |
| JPH0234793A (ja) * | 1988-07-26 | 1990-02-05 | Kobe Steel Ltd | スケール密着性の優れた加工用高強度熱延鋼板の製造方法 |
| FR2672059B1 (fr) * | 1991-01-30 | 1995-04-28 | Stephanois Rech Mec | Procede pour conferer a des pieces en metal ferreux, nitrurees puis oxydees, une excellente resistance a la corrosion tout en conservant les proprietes acquises de friction. |
-
1993
- 1993-08-10 FR FR9309814A patent/FR2708941B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1994
- 1994-07-15 TW TW083106467A patent/TW259815B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-07-26 ES ES94401716T patent/ES2097012T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-07-26 DE DE69401551T patent/DE69401551T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-07-26 AT AT94401716T patent/ATE148178T1/de active
- 1994-07-26 EP EP94401716A patent/EP0638661B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-07-29 CA CA002129162A patent/CA2129162C/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-07-29 BR BR9403101A patent/BR9403101A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-08-08 PL PL94304595A patent/PL177228B1/pl unknown
- 1994-08-09 JP JP06187243A patent/JP3083453B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-08-09 CN CN94109024A patent/CN1054891C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-08-10 MY MYPI94002091A patent/MY111901A/en unknown
- 1994-08-10 KR KR1019940019722A patent/KR100273924B1/ko active IP Right Grant
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6431761B1 (en) | 1999-07-21 | 2002-08-13 | Nsk Ltd. | Cage for rolling bearing |
| DE10124933A1 (de) * | 2001-05-21 | 2002-11-28 | Endress & Hauser Gmbh & Co Kg | Anordnung aus einem metallischen Deckel und einem metallischem Gehäuse eines Meßgerätes und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3083453B2 (ja) | 2000-09-04 |
| EP0638661A1 (fr) | 1995-02-15 |
| CN1101684A (zh) | 1995-04-19 |
| PL177228B1 (pl) | 1999-10-29 |
| EP0638661B1 (fr) | 1997-01-22 |
| MY111901A (en) | 2001-02-28 |
| KR950006020A (ko) | 1995-03-20 |
| FR2708941A1 (fr) | 1995-02-17 |
| CA2129162C (fr) | 2000-12-12 |
| KR100273924B1 (ko) | 2000-12-15 |
| FR2708941B1 (fr) | 1995-10-27 |
| TW259815B (ja) | 1995-10-11 |
| DE69401551D1 (de) | 1997-03-06 |
| ES2097012T3 (es) | 1997-03-16 |
| CN1054891C (zh) | 2000-07-26 |
| ATE148178T1 (de) | 1997-02-15 |
| PL304595A1 (en) | 1995-02-20 |
| JPH0776766A (ja) | 1995-03-20 |
| BR9403101A (pt) | 1995-04-11 |
| CA2129162A1 (fr) | 1995-02-11 |
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