DE2633670C2 - Verfahren zur Herstellung von 1,4-Chinonen - Google Patents
Verfahren zur Herstellung von 1,4-ChinonenInfo
- Publication number
- DE2633670C2 DE2633670C2 DE2633670A DE2633670A DE2633670C2 DE 2633670 C2 DE2633670 C2 DE 2633670C2 DE 2633670 A DE2633670 A DE 2633670A DE 2633670 A DE2633670 A DE 2633670A DE 2633670 C2 DE2633670 C2 DE 2633670C2
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- phenol
- copper
- oxygen
- benzoquinone
- naphthol
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 26
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 77
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 41
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- KJCVRFUGPWSIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-naphthol Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(O)=CC=CC2=C1 KJCVRFUGPWSIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 150000001879 copper Chemical class 0.000 claims description 18
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- AZQWKYJCGOJGHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-benzoquinone Chemical compound O=C1C=CC(=O)C=C1 AZQWKYJCGOJGHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 73
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 40
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- JFDZBHWFFUWGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzonitrile Chemical compound N#CC1=CC=CC=C1 JFDZBHWFFUWGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- -1 2,6-disubstituted phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 229910021591 Copper(I) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- OXBLHERUFWYNTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(I) chloride Chemical compound [Cu]Cl OXBLHERUFWYNTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 11
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 9
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229940045803 cuprous chloride Drugs 0.000 description 8
- 150000004699 copper complex Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910021589 Copper(I) bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu2+ Chemical class [Cu+2] JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- NKNDPYCGAZPOFS-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(i) bromide Chemical compound Br[Cu] NKNDPYCGAZPOFS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 4
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BTGRAWJCKBQKAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N adiponitrile Chemical compound N#CCCCCC#N BTGRAWJCKBQKAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- XTVVROIMIGLXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) nitrate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O XTVVROIMIGLXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000004780 naphthols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229920001955 polyphenylene ether Polymers 0.000 description 3
- QIXDHVDGPXBRRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,5-trimethylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione Chemical compound CC1=CC(=O)C(C)=C(C)C1=O QIXDHVDGPXBRRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QQOMQLYQAXGHSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,6-Trimethylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C)C(O)=C1C QQOMQLYQAXGHSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TUAMRELNJMMDMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,5-xylenol Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(O)=C1 TUAMRELNJMMDMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VMQMZMRVKUZKQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu+ Chemical compound [Cu+] VMQMZMRVKUZKQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 2
- ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Cu]Cl ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- OPQARKPSCNTWTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(ii) acetate Chemical compound [Cu+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O OPQARKPSCNTWTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- QTMDXZNDVAMKGV-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(ii) bromide Chemical compound [Cu+2].[Br-].[Br-] QTMDXZNDVAMKGV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- QWVGKYWNOKOFNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-cresol Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1O QWVGKYWNOKOFNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920006380 polyphenylene oxide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000004053 quinones Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003462 sulfoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000004057 1,4-benzoquinones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004782 1-naphthols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PXSSNPBEHHJLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,4,5-tetramethylphenol Chemical class CC1=CC(O)=C(C)C(C)=C1C PXSSNPBEHHJLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XRUGBBIQLIVCSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,4-trimethylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C(C)=C1C XRUGBBIQLIVCSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NWPNXBQSRGKSJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbenzonitrile Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C#N NWPNXBQSRGKSJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FPPLREPCQJZDAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpentanedinitrile Chemical compound N#CC(C)CCC#N FPPLREPCQJZDAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BMYNFMYTOJXKLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-azaniumyl-2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound NCC(O)C(O)=O BMYNFMYTOJXKLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZPJCBXBTQBOAKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylnaphthalen-1-ol Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC(C)=CC(O)=C21 ZPJCBXBTQBOAKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DDTHMESPCBONDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(4-oxocyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene)cyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-one Chemical class C1=CC(=O)C=CC1=C1C=CC(=O)C=C1 DDTHMESPCBONDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910021590 Copper(II) bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021592 Copper(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical class CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WAEMQWOKJMHJLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese(2+) Chemical compound [Mn+2] WAEMQWOKJMHJLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Thiocyanate anion Chemical compound [S-]C#N ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940006460 bromide ion Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KVNRLNFWIYMESJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyronitrile Chemical compound CCCC#N KVNRLNFWIYMESJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CREMABGTGYGIQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon carbon Chemical compound C.C CREMABGTGYGIQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011203 carbon fibre reinforced carbon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLJKHNWPARRRJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(2+) Chemical compound [Co+2] XLJKHNWPARRRJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000536 complexating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012967 coordination catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLJMAIOERFSOGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M cyanate Chemical compound [O-]C#N XLJMAIOERFSOGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 1
- MIHINWMALJZIBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexa-2,4-dien-1-ol Chemical class OC1CC=CC=C1 MIHINWMALJZIBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ZTOMUSMDRMJOTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N glutaronitrile Chemical compound N#CCCCC#N ZTOMUSMDRMJOTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- GNOIPBMMFNIUFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylphosphoric triamide Chemical compound CN(C)P(=O)(N(C)C)N(C)C GNOIPBMMFNIUFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen thiocyanate Natural products SC#N ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000687 hydroquinonyl group Chemical class C1(O)=C(C=C(O)C=C1)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- RLSSMJSEOOYNOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N m-cresol Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 RLSSMJSEOOYNOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CSJDCSCTVDEHRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;molecular oxygen Chemical compound C.O=O CSJDCSCTVDEHRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005691 oxidative coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000412 polyarylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920013636 polyphenyl ether polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003139 primary aliphatic amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FVSKHRXBFJPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N propionitrile Chemical compound CCC#N FVSKHRXBFJPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000005619 secondary aliphatic amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003698 tetramethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C46/00—Preparation of quinones
- C07C46/02—Preparation of quinones by oxidation giving rise to quinoid structures
- C07C46/06—Preparation of quinones by oxidation giving rise to quinoid structures of at least one hydroxy group on a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C46/08—Preparation of quinones by oxidation giving rise to quinoid structures of at least one hydroxy group on a six-membered aromatic ring with molecular oxygen
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US05/599,643 US3987068A (en) | 1975-07-28 | 1975-07-28 | Oxidation of monohydroxy aryl compounds to 1,4-quinones |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE2633670A1 DE2633670A1 (de) | 1977-02-17 |
| DE2633670C2 true DE2633670C2 (de) | 1987-03-19 |
Family
ID=24400467
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2633670A Expired DE2633670C2 (de) | 1975-07-28 | 1976-07-27 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von 1,4-Chinonen |
Country Status (9)
Families Citing this family (29)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4156773A (en) * | 1977-05-26 | 1979-05-29 | General Electric Company | Process for capping quinone-coupled polyphenylene oxides |
| US4156772A (en) * | 1977-05-26 | 1979-05-29 | General Electric Company | Process of forming acyl-coupled polymers of quinone-coupled polyphenylene oxides |
| US4140675A (en) * | 1977-05-26 | 1979-02-20 | General Electric Company | Process of forming quinone-coupled polyphenylene oxides |
| US4156770A (en) * | 1977-05-26 | 1979-05-29 | General Electric Company | Acyl coupled polymers of quinone-coupled polyphenylene oxides |
| US4165422A (en) * | 1977-05-26 | 1979-08-21 | General Electric Company | Acyl capped quinone-coupled polyphenylene oxides |
| US4234706A (en) * | 1977-05-26 | 1980-11-18 | General Electric Company | Quinone-coupled polyphenylene oxides |
| US4238581A (en) * | 1978-05-19 | 1980-12-09 | General Electric Company | Urethane-coupled block polymers of quinone-coupled polyphenylene oxides |
| US4238580A (en) * | 1978-05-19 | 1980-12-09 | General Electric Company | Process of forming urethane-coupled polymers of quinone-coupled polyphenylene oxides |
| FR2449667A1 (fr) * | 1979-02-21 | 1980-09-19 | Rhone Poulenc Ind | Procede de preparation de para-benzoquinones |
| US4257968A (en) * | 1979-10-04 | 1981-03-24 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Oxidation of phenol to p-benzoquinone in acetonitrile/methanol cosolvent |
| US4478752A (en) * | 1981-07-20 | 1984-10-23 | Sun Tech, Inc. | Process for oxidizing phenol to p-benzoquinone |
| CA1192212A (en) * | 1981-07-20 | 1985-08-20 | James E. Lyons | Process for oxidizing phenol to p-benzoquinone |
| US4909965A (en) * | 1981-08-03 | 1990-03-20 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Salcomine-catalyzed oxidation of phenols |
| GR78368B (US06299757-20011009-C00006.png) * | 1981-11-18 | 1984-09-26 | Delalande Sa | |
| FR2535713A1 (en) * | 1982-11-05 | 1984-05-11 | Delalande Sa | Process for the preparation of alkoxylated or aryloxylated para- (or ortho-) quinones respectively from the corresponding hydroquinones or pyrocatechols. |
| CA1192214A (en) * | 1982-01-18 | 1985-08-20 | Chao-Yang Hsu | Process for oxidizing phenol to p-benzoquinone |
| DE3377985D1 (en) * | 1982-04-29 | 1988-10-20 | Sun Refining & Marketing | Production of hydroquinone |
| US4519948A (en) * | 1982-09-27 | 1985-05-28 | Sun Tech, Inc. | Process for oxidizing a phenol to a p-benzoquinone |
| US4522757A (en) * | 1982-10-25 | 1985-06-11 | Sun Tech, Inc. | Process for oxidizing a phenol to a p-benzoquinone |
| US4442036A (en) * | 1983-02-28 | 1984-04-10 | Sun Tech, Inc. | Process for oxidizing phenol to benzoquinone |
| US4545937A (en) * | 1983-04-18 | 1985-10-08 | University Of Delaware | Binucleating ligand-metal complexes as oxidation catalysts |
| US7045666B2 (en) * | 2003-01-16 | 2006-05-16 | General Electric Company | Bromination of hydroxyaromatic compounds and further conversion to dihydroxyaromatic compounds |
| US6815565B2 (en) * | 2003-04-04 | 2004-11-09 | General Electric Company | Method for preparing hydroquinones and dihydroxybiphenyl compounds from mixtures of bromophenols and benzoquinones |
| US6693221B1 (en) | 2003-04-04 | 2004-02-17 | General Electric Company | Method of preparing mixtures of bromophenols and benzoquinones |
| US7022886B2 (en) * | 2003-08-28 | 2006-04-04 | General Electric Company | Selective catalytic oxybromination of hydroxyaromatic compounds |
| US7053251B2 (en) * | 2003-08-28 | 2006-05-30 | General Electric Company | Bromination of hydroxyaromatic compounds |
| US6982356B2 (en) * | 2003-09-17 | 2006-01-03 | General Electric Company | Method for preparation of para-brominated hydroxyaromatic compounds |
| WO2015169898A1 (en) * | 2014-05-09 | 2015-11-12 | Dsm Ip Assets B.V. | Process for the production of 2,6-dimethylbenzoquinone |
| CN111689844B (zh) * | 2020-07-30 | 2023-06-13 | 能特科技有限公司 | 一种2-甲基-1，4-萘醌新型生产工艺 |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1325480A (fr) * | 1962-06-19 | 1963-04-26 | Gen Electric | Procédé de préparation de diphénoquinones 3,3',5,5'-tétra-substituées |
| US3210384A (en) * | 1962-11-21 | 1965-10-05 | Gen Electric | Process for the preparation of 3, 3', 5, 5'-tetra-substituted diphenoquinone |
| IL39225A (en) * | 1971-05-17 | 1975-07-28 | Sparamedica Ag | Process for the manufacture of methyl substituted p-benzoquinones |
| US3870731A (en) * | 1973-09-28 | 1975-03-11 | Goodyear Tire & Rubber | Oxidation of phenols and alkyl substituted phenols to their corresponding para-benzoquinone |
-
1975
- 1975-07-28 US US05/599,643 patent/US3987068A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1976
- 1976-07-26 CA CA257,741A patent/CA1056843A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-07-27 JP JP51088745A patent/JPS5217432A/ja active Granted
- 1976-07-27 GB GB31251/76A patent/GB1511813A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-07-27 NL NL7608293A patent/NL7608293A/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1976-07-27 FR FR7622889A patent/FR2319617A1/fr active Granted
- 1976-07-27 BE BE169259A patent/BE844542A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-07-27 DE DE2633670A patent/DE2633670C2/de not_active Expired
- 1976-07-27 IT IT25764/76A patent/IT1062548B/it active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NL7608293A (nl) | 1977-02-01 |
| BE844542A (fr) | 1977-01-27 |
| FR2319617B1 (US06299757-20011009-C00006.png) | 1981-08-07 |
| US3987068A (en) | 1976-10-19 |
| IT1062548B (it) | 1984-10-20 |
| CA1056843A (en) | 1979-06-19 |
| JPS6137255B2 (US06299757-20011009-C00006.png) | 1986-08-22 |
| FR2319617A1 (fr) | 1977-02-25 |
| DE2633670A1 (de) | 1977-02-17 |
| JPS5217432A (en) | 1977-02-09 |
| GB1511813A (en) | 1978-05-24 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 8110 | Request for examination paragraph 44 | ||
| D2 | Grant after examination | ||
| 8364 | No opposition during term of opposition | ||
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