DE2152498A1 - Verfahren zur Herstellung poroeser keramischer Formstuecke - Google Patents
Verfahren zur Herstellung poroeser keramischer FormstueckeInfo
- Publication number
- DE2152498A1 DE2152498A1 DE19712152498 DE2152498A DE2152498A1 DE 2152498 A1 DE2152498 A1 DE 2152498A1 DE 19712152498 DE19712152498 DE 19712152498 DE 2152498 A DE2152498 A DE 2152498A DE 2152498 A1 DE2152498 A1 DE 2152498A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- ceramic
- plasticizer
- glycol
- polyolefin
- mixture
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims description 83
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 69
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims description 17
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 title description 31
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 81
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims description 58
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N monopropylene glycol Natural products CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical class O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N propane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCCCO YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropylene glycol Chemical compound OCCCOCCCO SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- KMZHZAAOEWVPSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dihydroxypropyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OCC(O)CO KMZHZAAOEWVPSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052914 metal silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 230000027455 binding Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009739 binding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- OWBTYPJTUOEWEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-2,3-diol Chemical compound CC(O)C(C)O OWBTYPJTUOEWEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000008240 homogeneous mixture Substances 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl phosphate Chemical compound CCOP(=O)(OCC)OCC DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 19
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 16
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 13
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 6
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052878 cordierite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- NNBZCPXTIHJBJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N decalin Chemical compound C1CCCC2CCCCC21 NNBZCPXTIHJBJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium Substances [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001784 detoxification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WUBBRNOQWQTFEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-aminosalicylic acid Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C(O)=C1 WUBBRNOQWQTFEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004705 High-molecular-weight polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- PXXNTAGJWPJAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N vertaline Natural products C1C2C=3C=C(OC)C(OC)=CC=3OC(C=C3)=CC=C3CCC(=O)OC1CC1N2CCCC1 PXXNTAGJWPJAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DDFHBQSCUXNBSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-(5-carboxythiophen-2-yl)thiophene-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound S1C(C(=O)O)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)S1 DDFHBQSCUXNBSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000036829 Device dislocation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005662 Paraffin oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002367 Polyisobutene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical class O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- INJRKJPEYSAMPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;silicic acid;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Al].[Al].O[Si](O)(O)O INJRKJPEYSAMPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- XOZUGNYVDXMRKW-AATRIKPKSA-N azodicarbonamide Chemical compound NC(=O)\N=N\C(N)=O XOZUGNYVDXMRKW-AATRIKPKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019399 azodicarbonamide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000008280 chlorinated hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- XPPWAISRWKKERW-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper palladium Chemical compound [Cu].[Pd] XPPWAISRWKKERW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005202 decontamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003588 decontaminative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009950 felting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005294 ferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002223 garnet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009940 knitting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010443 kyanite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052850 kyanite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920004889 linear high-density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002984 plastic foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002959 polymer blend Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052624 sepiolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019355 sepiolite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052566 spinel group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940124530 sulfonamide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003456 sulfonamides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052845 zircon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/0009—Use of binding agents; Moulding; Pressing; Powdering; Granulating; Addition of materials ameliorating the mechanical properties of the product catalyst
- B01J37/0018—Addition of a binding agent or of material, later completely removed among others as result of heat treatment, leaching or washing,(e.g. forming of pores; protective layer, desintegrating by heat)
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8643—Removing mixtures of carbon monoxide or hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/8646—Simultaneous elimination of the components
- B01D53/865—Simultaneous elimination of the components characterised by a specific catalyst
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8643—Removing mixtures of carbon monoxide or hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/8646—Simultaneous elimination of the components
- B01D53/8653—Simultaneous elimination of the components characterised by a specific device
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/76—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/84—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/85—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
- B01J23/86—Chromium
- B01J23/868—Chromium copper and chromium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B30/00—Compositions for artificial stone, not containing binders
- C04B30/02—Compositions for artificial stone, not containing binders containing fibrous materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/06—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by burning-out added substances by burning natural expanding materials or by sublimating or melting out added substances
- C04B38/0615—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by burning-out added substances by burning natural expanding materials or by sublimating or melting out added substances the burned-out substance being a monolitic element having approximately the same dimensions as the final article, e.g. a porous polyurethane sheet or a prepreg obtained by bonding together resin particles
- C04B38/062—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by burning-out added substances by burning natural expanding materials or by sublimating or melting out added substances the burned-out substance being a monolitic element having approximately the same dimensions as the final article, e.g. a porous polyurethane sheet or a prepreg obtained by bonding together resin particles the burned-out substance being formed in situ, e.g. by polymerisation of a prepolymer composition containing ceramic powder
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2201/00—Foams characterised by the foaming process
- C08J2201/04—Foams characterised by the foaming process characterised by the elimination of a liquid or solid component, e.g. precipitation, leaching out, evaporation
- C08J2201/054—Precipitating the polymer by adding a non-solvent or a different solvent
- C08J2201/0542—Precipitating the polymer by adding a non-solvent or a different solvent from an organic solvent-based polymer composition
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S502/00—Catalyst, solid sorbent, or support therefor: product or process of making
- Y10S502/506—Method of making inorganic composition utilizing organic compound, except formic, acetic, or oxalic acid or salt thereof
- Y10S502/507—Synthetic resin, natural resin, polysaccaride, or polypeptide
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24149—Honeycomb-like
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US8291870A | 1970-10-22 | 1970-10-22 | |
| US8302070A | 1970-10-22 | 1970-10-22 | |
| US8292670A | 1970-10-22 | 1970-10-22 | |
| US44022074A | 1974-02-06 | 1974-02-06 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE2152498A1 true DE2152498A1 (de) | 1972-05-25 |
Family
ID=27491747
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19712152498 Pending DE2152498A1 (de) | 1970-10-22 | 1971-10-21 | Verfahren zur Herstellung poroeser keramischer Formstuecke |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US3755204A (enExample) |
| BE (1) | BE774365A (enExample) |
| CA (3) | CA973691A (enExample) |
| DE (1) | DE2152498A1 (enExample) |
| FR (1) | FR2113089A5 (enExample) |
| GB (1) | GB1349400A (enExample) |
| NL (1) | NL7114554A (enExample) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0329973A1 (en) * | 1988-01-27 | 1989-08-30 | W.R. Grace & Co.-Conn. | Hot pressing dense ceramic sheets for electronic substrates and for multilayer ceramic electronic substrates |
| EP0386788A1 (en) * | 1989-03-10 | 1990-09-12 | W.R. Grace & Co.-Conn. | Boron nitride sheets |
Families Citing this family (47)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1412142A (en) * | 1972-01-14 | 1975-10-29 | Foseco Int | Gas reactors |
| JPS5137634B2 (enExample) * | 1972-01-18 | 1976-10-16 | ||
| US3963504A (en) * | 1972-07-05 | 1976-06-15 | W. R. Grace & Co. | Porous ceramic structure |
| US3953176A (en) * | 1973-05-22 | 1976-04-27 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Catalytic converter |
| GB1491445A (en) * | 1973-11-08 | 1977-11-09 | Atomic Energy Authority Uk | Catalyst bodies and methods of manufacturing such bodies |
| US3904551A (en) * | 1973-12-19 | 1975-09-09 | Grace W R & Co | Process for preparing an auto exhaust catalytic converter |
| US3910850A (en) * | 1973-12-19 | 1975-10-07 | Grace W R & Co | Contoured monolithic substrate |
| US3932310A (en) * | 1974-03-07 | 1976-01-13 | W. R. Grace & Co. | Reduction firing of ceramics composited with organic binders |
| US3983283A (en) * | 1974-03-18 | 1976-09-28 | Corning Glass Works | Honeycombed structures having open-ended cells formed by interconnected walls with longitudinally extending discontinuities |
| JPS5144913B2 (enExample) * | 1974-10-03 | 1976-12-01 | ||
| US3985846A (en) * | 1975-04-16 | 1976-10-12 | W. R. Grace & Co. | Ceramic firing process |
| US4054702A (en) * | 1976-03-05 | 1977-10-18 | W. R. Grace & Co. | Monolith design |
| JPS5351327A (en) * | 1976-10-20 | 1978-05-10 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Catalytic type exhaust purifier |
| WO1981000970A1 (en) * | 1979-10-03 | 1981-04-16 | Acurex Corp | Catalyst compositions,their method of formulation and combustion processes using the catalyst compositions |
| US4337028A (en) * | 1980-05-27 | 1982-06-29 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Environmental Protection Agency | Catalytic monolith, method of its formulation and combustion process using the catalytic monolith |
| US4628042A (en) * | 1983-06-20 | 1986-12-09 | Engelhard Corporation | Porous mullite |
| JPS6078707A (ja) * | 1983-10-07 | 1985-05-04 | 日本碍子株式会社 | セラミツクハニカム構造体およびその製法ならびにこれを利用した回転蓄熱式セラミツク熱交換体およびその押出し成形金型 |
| JPH0643140Y2 (ja) * | 1985-03-05 | 1994-11-09 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | 通気性断熱材 |
| DE3521766A1 (de) * | 1985-06-19 | 1987-01-02 | Basf Ag | Wabenfoermiger katalysator, seiner herstellung und seine verwendung |
| US4716064A (en) * | 1985-10-31 | 1987-12-29 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Composite stiff lightweight structure and method for making same |
| US4902216A (en) * | 1987-09-08 | 1990-02-20 | Corning Incorporated | Extrusion die for protrusion and/or high cell density ceramic honeycomb structures |
| US5028650A (en) * | 1988-01-27 | 1991-07-02 | W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. | Boron nitride sheets |
| US5149475A (en) * | 1988-07-28 | 1992-09-22 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Method of producing a honeycomb structure |
| JP2581774B2 (ja) * | 1988-07-28 | 1997-02-12 | 日本碍子株式会社 | セラミックハニカム構造体およびその製造法 |
| WO1990002603A1 (de) * | 1988-09-02 | 1990-03-22 | Gebrüder Sulzer Aktiengesellschaft | Vorrichtung zur durchführung katalysierter reaktionen |
| IT1232749B (it) * | 1989-04-12 | 1992-03-05 | I R T I Istituto Di Ricerca E | Depuratore di gas di scarico ad attivita`catalitica e silenziatore per motori a combustione interna |
| US5229079A (en) * | 1990-06-29 | 1993-07-20 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Catalytic converter for use in automotive exhaust emission control |
| JP2818473B2 (ja) * | 1990-06-29 | 1998-10-30 | 日本碍子株式会社 | 自動車排ガス浄化用触媒コンバーター装置及び自動車排ガスの浄化方法 |
| US5229080A (en) * | 1990-06-29 | 1993-07-20 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Resistance adjusting type heater and catalytic converter |
| US5234668A (en) * | 1990-07-25 | 1993-08-10 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Catalytic converter for use in automotive exhaust emissions control |
| US5660778A (en) * | 1995-06-26 | 1997-08-26 | Corning Incorporated | Method of making a cross-flow honeycomb structure |
| EP0761938B1 (en) * | 1995-08-30 | 2002-03-27 | Haldor Topsoe A/S | Method and catalyst unit for treating diesel engine exhaust |
| DE19533486A1 (de) * | 1995-09-12 | 1997-03-13 | Basf Ag | Monomodale und polymodale Katalysatorträger und Katalysatoren mit engen Porengrößenverteilungen und deren Herstellverfahren |
| DE19533484A1 (de) * | 1995-09-12 | 1997-03-13 | Basf Ag | Monomodale und polymodale Katalysatorträger und Katalysatoren mit engen Porengrößenverteilungen und deren Herstellverfahren |
| US5897915A (en) * | 1996-10-28 | 1999-04-27 | Corning Incorporated | Coated substrates, method for producing same, and use therefor |
| US6383422B1 (en) * | 1997-08-22 | 2002-05-07 | Deutsches Zentrum Fuer Luft-Und Raumfahrt E.V | Porous member with penetrating channels for fluid flow therethrough and a method of producing the member |
| BR9812402A (pt) * | 1997-10-03 | 2000-09-19 | Corning Inc | Método para queima de corpos alveolares cerâmicos |
| US6544589B2 (en) | 2001-08-20 | 2003-04-08 | Northrop Grumman Corporation | Method of controlling drying stresses by restricting shrinkage of ceramic coating |
| US7141204B2 (en) * | 2002-12-18 | 2006-11-28 | Corning Incorporated | Method of forming ceramic articles |
| JP4161948B2 (ja) * | 2004-08-23 | 2008-10-08 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 発熱システム及び熱供給方法 |
| US8318627B2 (en) * | 2005-08-10 | 2012-11-27 | Sd Lizenzverwertungsgesellschaft Mbh & Co. Kg | Process for preparation of a catalyst carrier |
| WO2007096986A1 (ja) * | 2006-02-24 | 2007-08-30 | Ibiden Co., Ltd. | 端面加熱装置、ハニカム集合体の端面乾燥方法、及び、ハニカム構造体の製造方法 |
| US8257659B2 (en) * | 2007-07-02 | 2012-09-04 | Cummins Filtration Ip, Inc. | Prevention of face-plugging on aftertreatment devices in exhaust |
| US9566562B1 (en) * | 2012-08-21 | 2017-02-14 | Superior Technical Ceramics Corporation | High-temperature open-cell porous ceramic |
| JP5735046B2 (ja) * | 2013-06-18 | 2015-06-17 | コバレントマテリアル株式会社 | 断熱材 |
| US9938195B2 (en) * | 2014-06-24 | 2018-04-10 | Coorstek Kk | Heat insulating material containing a porous sintered body formed of MgAl2O4 |
| US12285743B2 (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2025-04-29 | China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation | Supported catalyst, preparation method therefor and application thereof |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3125618A (en) * | 1964-03-17 | Method of molding and a ceramic binder formulation | ||
| GB1006518A (en) * | 1963-03-21 | 1965-10-06 | Doulton & Co Ltd | Improvements in or relating to moulding ceramic material |
| US3362783A (en) * | 1963-12-23 | 1968-01-09 | Texaco Inc | Treatment of exhaust gases |
| US3377269A (en) * | 1964-06-15 | 1968-04-09 | Universal Oil Prod Co | Oxidation catalyst comprising variable density activator |
| US3437605A (en) * | 1965-01-26 | 1969-04-08 | Engelhard Ind Inc | Method of preparing a supported catalyst |
| DE1517993A1 (de) * | 1965-10-29 | 1969-02-13 | Heinz Berger | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Katalysatoren |
| US3467602A (en) * | 1966-10-24 | 1969-09-16 | Air Prod & Chem | Preparing porous refractory oxides by adding and removing polypropylene microspheres |
-
1970
- 1970-10-22 US US00082918A patent/US3755204A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1971
- 1971-09-28 CA CA123,868A patent/CA973691A/en not_active Expired
- 1971-09-28 CA CA123,870A patent/CA973692A/en not_active Expired
- 1971-09-28 CA CA123,869A patent/CA972344A/en not_active Expired
- 1971-10-21 DE DE19712152498 patent/DE2152498A1/de active Pending
- 1971-10-21 FR FR7137928A patent/FR2113089A5/fr not_active Expired
- 1971-10-22 GB GB4920371A patent/GB1349400A/en not_active Expired
- 1971-10-22 NL NL7114554A patent/NL7114554A/xx unknown
- 1971-10-22 BE BE774365A patent/BE774365A/xx unknown
-
1974
- 1974-02-06 US US28195D patent/USRE28195E/en not_active Expired
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0329973A1 (en) * | 1988-01-27 | 1989-08-30 | W.R. Grace & Co.-Conn. | Hot pressing dense ceramic sheets for electronic substrates and for multilayer ceramic electronic substrates |
| EP0386788A1 (en) * | 1989-03-10 | 1990-09-12 | W.R. Grace & Co.-Conn. | Boron nitride sheets |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BE774365A (fr) | 1972-02-14 |
| GB1349400A (en) | 1974-04-03 |
| CA973692A (en) | 1975-09-02 |
| NL7114554A (enExample) | 1972-04-25 |
| CA973691A (en) | 1975-09-02 |
| USRE28195E (en) | 1974-10-08 |
| CA972344A (en) | 1975-08-05 |
| US3755204A (en) | 1973-08-28 |
| FR2113089A5 (enExample) | 1972-06-23 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| OD | Request for examination | ||
| OHW | Rejection |