CN217986158U - Bowl-carried large-fruit hazelnut disc-type twig cutting seedling culture box - Google Patents

Abstract

A bearing plate is arranged in the box body, a water guide hole is formed in the bearing plate, a water guide opening is formed in the bottom of the box body, a supplementary temperature system is installed at the bottom of the box body, a side wall protection frame is arranged on the periphery of the box cover, air holes are formed in the side wall protection frame, a spray irrigation pipeline system and an LED (light-emitting diode) irradiation lamp are installed on the inner side face of a top plate of the box cover respectively, and spray irrigation and light irradiation can be performed respectively.

Description

Bowl-carried large-fruit hazelnut disc-type twig cutting seedling culture box

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a cuttage incubator of growing seedlings, concretely relates to alms bowl carries big fruit hazelnut disk twig cuttage incubator of growing seedlings.

Background

Filberts are plants of hazelnut of Betulaceae, are one of four famous nuts, are rich in nutrition, high in economic value, and crisp and fragrant in taste, are favored and welcomed by people for a long time, through many years of hybrid breeding, the artificial breeding and cultivation stage is moved to at present, researches are carried out so far, the breeding method of filbert seedlings mainly comprises seeding and seedling raising, grafting and seedling raising, splitting and seedling raising, layering and seedling raising, tissue culture and cutting and seedling raising, scientific researches and production tests prove that character separation of posterities of the seeding and seedling raising cannot keep original variety characteristics, the big and small plant life after grafting and seedling raising scions is short, the splitting and seedling raising damages the root system of a mother tree, the survival rate of bred seedlings is low, layering and seedling raising affects the life of the mother tree, nursery stock breeding efficiency is low, the cost is too high to be applied industrially, and the problem and the defect of the cutting and seedling raising are relatively to the seedling raising method, so that the cost is low, the survival rate of hazelnut seedling raising is obviously improved, the planting area of the current big fruits can be well met, and the tissue culture and the seedling demand is greatly increased. The cutting seedling raising of the plant is divided into two modes of twig cutting and hard branch cutting, the content of soluble sugar in the cutting slips after the hard branch cutting is continuously reduced cannot meet the nutritional condition of rooting of the filbert cutting slips, and the cutting slips are not suitable for breeding filbert seedlings, while the tissue of the tender cutting slips is tender, the cell activity is strong, and the adventitious root system is easy to be stimulated by the outside, so that the cutting seedling raising is very suitable for being applied to the filbert seedling raising and breeding. However, the twig cuttage of the hazelnut with the big fruit is very sensitive to environmental factors, such as temperature, illumination, air relative humidity, soil moisture content, soil nutrient components and the like, and the new bud on the cutting strip is easy to fall off, so the industrialized implementation of the method also depends on the supporting and supporting of special cuttage seedling breeding facilities for the hazelnut for good protection, and therefore, the research and development of special seedling breeding facilities for the hazelnut under all-element environmental conditions are necessary to improve the artificial seedling breeding production efficiency and the seedling breeding quality of the hazelnut.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at providing a alms bowl carries big fruit filbert disk twig cuttage incubator of growing seedlings for the industrialization of big fruit filbert nursery stock is bred, improves the production efficiency of growing seedlings and nursery stock and breeds the quality.

A bowl-carried big-fruit hazelnut disc type twig cuttage seedling culture incubator comprises; the box cover can be covered at the upper end of the box body in a matched mode to form an internal cubic seedling culture space; the box body is in a rectangular low plate shape, a bearing plate used for bearing the seedling culture pot body is horizontally arranged in the box body, the seedling culture space in the box body is divided into an upper functional area and a lower functional area, the upper part is a breeding area, the lower part is a draining area, a water guide hole is formed in the bearing plate, drained water in the seedling culture pot body can be directly guided to and stored in the draining area, a water guide port is formed in the bottom of the box body, the storage amount of the water in the draining area is controlled through drainage and drainage, air humidity in the seedling culture space is assisted to be regulated, a supplementary temperature system is further installed in the draining area, and the temperature of the environment in the seedling culture space in the box can be increased when necessary; the case lid is for having the cap type structure that the side wall protected the frame all around the air vent has been seted up in the distribution on the side wall protected the frame, is used for guaranteeing air supply in the space of growing seedlings satisfies the technological requirement of growing seedlings on the roof medial surface of case lid, evenly distributed, alternate setting installs sprinkling irrigation pipe-line system and LED lamp respectively, be provided with atomizing nozzle on sprinkling irrigation pipe-line system's the pipeline and with the case lid outside switches on, can be right by the leading-in nutrient solution of outside or irrigation water the spraying irrigation is implemented to the alms bowl of growing seedlings, LED lamp provides the photosynthesis condition to the nursery stock cutting, keeps the spraying scope of sprinkling irrigation pipe-line system with the irradiation range of LED lamp covers respectively completely the load-bearing area of loading board.

The bowl-carried big-fruit hazelnut disc type twig cuttage seedling culture incubator is characterized in that preferably, at least 1 group of side wall protection frames of the case cover are respectively and correspondingly provided with openable convection windows on two sides, when the convection windows are opened in groups, an effective air convection state can be established between the seedling culture space and an external environment, and the effect of adjusting the air humidity and the environment temperature in the seedling culture space is achieved.

According to the tray type seedling raising incubator with the tray type twig cuttage with the hazelnuts carried in the pots, the ventilation holes distributed and formed in the side wall protection plate are preferably shielding ventilation holes, the ventilation holes at a certain number of specific positions can be kept conducted by selecting the number of the shielding parts according to the environment condition outside the tray type seedling raising incubator covered with the tray type twig, and sufficient air supply is guaranteed on the premise that the environment state in the seedling raising space is stable.

The bowl-carried big-fruit hazelnut disc type twig cuttage seedling culture incubator is characterized in that a sprinkling irrigation pipeline system is preferably composed of a main conduit and branch conduits, the branch conduits are distributed and installed on the inner side surface of a top plate of the case cover and are respectively communicated with the main conduit, so that the balance of dredging pressure in each branch conduit is guaranteed, the uniformity of spraying of nutrient solution or irrigation water is improved, and meanwhile, the main conduit is communicated with the outside of the case cover so as to control the introduction of the nutrient solution or the irrigation water.

According to the bowl-carried large-fruit hazelnut disc type twig cuttage seedling culture incubator, a case body positioning disc and a case cover positioning disc are preferably arranged on the case body and the case cover in a mutually corresponding mode respectively, positioning columns are arranged on the case body positioning disc, positioning holes correspondingly matched with the positioning columns are formed in the case cover positioning disc, when the case cover and the case body cover and close the case, the positioning columns on the case body positioning disc are correspondingly inserted into the positioning holes in the case cover positioning disc in a matched mode respectively, the case cover is limited and positioned relative to the case body, and accuracy and stability of the case cover and the case body cover and close the case are guaranteed.

In order to control the temperature change gradient in the seedling culture space and prevent the supplement temperature from possibly causing the temperature mutation in the seedling space, the bowl-carried big-fruit hazelnut disc type twig cuttage seedling culture incubator preferably adopts a fluid circulation heat exchange system, and comprises: the heat exchange device is arranged in the water draining area and is respectively connected with the leading-in hole and the leading-out hole of the heating fluid outside the box body, and the heat exchange device and the air in the seedling culture space are used for heat exchange through the circulation leading-in of the heating fluid outside to achieve the effects of heating and heat supplement.

A special composite structure matrix for cuttage seedling raising of hazelnuts carried in a bowl comprises a seedling raising bowl body, a base matrix and an inorganic matrix, wherein the seedling raising bowl body is a cup-shaped container made of degradable materials, the caliber D of a bowl opening is 7-15 cm, the base matrix is an organic matter or organic-inorganic matter compound with full nutritional ingredients and is contained in the seedling raising bowl body, humus soil without pesticide residues is preferred, the inorganic matrix is one of rock wool blocks, nutritional blocks, vermiculite, perlite, yellow sand, white sand, coarse sand, volcanic rock particles and the like, is embedded or densely filled in a columnar pit dug in the middle area of the base matrix in a matching manner, the average aperture of the section of the columnar pit is 1.5-5.0 cm, the depth H is 3.5-6.0 cm, when the special composite structure matrix for the pot-carried large-fruit hazelnut cutting seedling cultivation is used for hazelnut seedling cultivation, semi-lignified young shoot twigs which are taken from a hazelnut stock plant and subjected to root promotion treatment are inserted into the inorganic matrix, 1 branch is inserted into each seedling pot, the seedling pots after being cut are placed in a seedling cultivation incubator for seedling cultivation, the whole cultivation process can be completed in one pot in one-stop mode, the seedlings and the seedling pots can be directly transplanted to a planting forest land together after being grown, the cultivation and planting processes of hazelnut seedlings and hazelnuts are simplified to the maximum extent, the phenomenon that the root system is subjected to invasive damage in the bare root planting process after the hazelnut seedlings are grown or the young shoots fall off due to vibration is avoided, and the cultivation quality and the planting survival rate of the hazelnut seedlings are guaranteed.

A method for raising seedlings by cutting with pot-carried large-fruit hazelnut twigs uses the special composite structure matrix for raising seedlings by cutting with pot-carried large-fruit hazelnut twigs and the culture box for raising seedlings by cutting with pot-carried large-fruit hazelnut twigs, and comprises the following steps:

step 1. Preparation of composite structure substrate special for cutting seedling

Taking a seedling raising pot body, filling a basic matrix in the seedling raising pot body, digging a columnar pit in a middle cutting area of a cutting slip after the surface is leveled, keeping the average diameter of a section to be 1.5-5.0 cm and the depth H to be 3.5-6.0 cm, filling an inorganic matrix which is coordinated in water and air matching and is easy for the cutting slip to root into the columnar pit, keeping the inorganic matrix to form compact fit filling in the columnar pit, forming a composite structure matrix by matching with the basic matrix, leveling and moderately compacting the basic matrix around the inorganic matrix, pouring a sterilization liquid medicine into the seedling raising pot body, fully infiltrating the sterilization liquid medicine, and then standing the prepared composite structure matrix for 1 hour for later use.

Step 2, preparation and cuttage of hazel seedling twigs

Taking semi-lignified young shoot branches of the hazel tree with the period of more than 4 months from a stock plant, trimming the young shoot branches in shape, then using a rooting agent to dip and promote root treatment to prepare the young branches of the hazel seedlings for standby, inserting the roots of the prepared young branches of the hazel seedlings into the inorganic matrix in the composite structure matrix prepared in the step 1, inserting 1 branch into each composite structure matrix, selecting an insertion point in the middle area of the inorganic matrix, and keeping the young branches of the hazel seedlings to be firmly upright and strictly lodging-prohibited.

Step 3, rooting culture of tender branches of hazelnut seedlings

The method comprises the steps of using the seedling culture box with the pot carrying the big fruit hazelnut tender branches for cutting seedling culture to culture the hazelnut tender branches, sequentially placing the seedling culture pot bodies inserted with the hazelnut tender branches in the step 2 on a bearing plate 3 in a box body 1, covering a box cover 2 on the box body 1 in a matching mode, closing a seedling culture space, opening an air vent 5 on the box cover 1 to ensure air supply in the seedling culture space, controlling the temperature in the seedling culture space to be within a range of 25-28 ℃, keeping the air humidity to be above 95%, keeping an LED irradiation lamp for 24 hours for all-weather irradiation, timely supplementing neutral clear water into a composite structure matrix through a spray irrigation pipeline system during rooting culture, introducing seedling culture nutrient solution according to process rules if necessary to ensure the air humidity and the hazelnut seedling requirements in the seedling culture space, after the hazelnut tender branches pass through a culture period of about 10 days, arranging an embedded gap between the box body 1 and the box cover 2 to enable air convection circulation to be generated in the seedling culture space, reducing the air humidity in the seedling culture space, adjusting the air humidity to be within a range of 80-90-percent, immediately checking the rooting process, and immediately checking the rooting of the box body, and immediately after the rooting process of the rooting of the box body is finished.

Step 4, seedling management of breeding twigs

After the rooting culture process of the hazel seedling twigs in the step 3 is completed, seedling management is directly started, the strong seedling development of the hazel seedlings is promoted, targeted pest control measures are timely taken during the seedling management, wilting or yellowing leaves of the hazel seedlings are timely cut off, rotten roots or dead leaves are timely removed from the bearing plate 3 to prevent the infected hazel seedlings from spreading to other hazel seedlings, and when the hazel seedlings are observed to grow vigorously and have dark green leaf colors during the seedling management, the hazel seedlings are shown to reach the strong seedling target state, the seedling management can be finished, and the hazel seedlings are planted and transplanted as soon as possible.

Step 5, transplanting and planting for breeding hazel seedlings

And (4) directly transplanting the hazel seedlings which are subjected to seedling stage management in the step (4) and reach the strong seedling target state and the seedling culture pot bodies with soil to planting forest lands.

The utility model has the advantages that the utility model provides a alms bowl carries big fruit filbert disk twig cuttage seedling culture case, the supporting is applied to among the alms bowl carries big fruit filbert twig cuttage seedling culture method, through the integrated configuration of function, can realize the comprehensive regulation and control of seedling temperature, air humidity, air guarantee and light irradiation, fully guarantee to realize that the hazel seedling breeds the overall process and all accomplish in a seedling alms bowl internal one-stop formula, and can directly transplant to planting forest land together with seedling alms bowl after the seedling becomes, simplify the hazel tree planting process, avoid breeding the hazel seedling and rise and the emergence of seedling back bare root planting to the invasion damage of root system and cause the vibrations of new bud to drop, guarantee the quality of breeding and the planting survival rate of hazel seedling; meanwhile, through the optimization and perfection of the structure, the aims of simplifying the seedling raising process, efficiently regulating and controlling parameters, reducing cost consumption and labor intensity can be achieved, the wide popularization of the large-fruit hazelnut twig cutting seedling raising process is facilitated, and the industrial application of the large-fruit hazelnut twig cutting seedling raising process is promoted.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of a bowl-mounted big-fruit hazelnut disc type twig cutting seedling culture box.

Fig. 2 isbase:Sub>A sectional view taken along linebase:Sub>A-base:Sub>A of fig. 1.

FIG. 3 is a view showing the structure of FIG. 2 corresponding to the open state of the side gusset.

Fig. 4 is a bottom view of the case cover in the embodiment.

Detailed Description

The technical solution claimed in the present invention is further described below with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

A bowl-carried big-fruit hazelnut disc type twig cuttage seedling culture incubator is shown in figures 1 to 4 and comprises a case body 1 and a case cover 2 which are mutually corresponding in structure, wherein the case cover 2 can be matched and covered on the upper end of the case body 1 to form an internal seedling culture space; the length, the width and the height of the box body 1 are respectively 320 cm, 200 cm and 60 cm, 4 vertex angles of the upper port plane are respectively provided with a box body positioning disc 7, the box body positioning discs 7 are respectively provided with positioning columns, a bearing plate 3 in a net structure is arranged inside the box body positioning disc 7, the inside of the box body 1 is divided into 2 functional areas for breeding and draining, the bottom of the box body 1 is provided with a water guide port 4, in the water draining area, a heat dissipation pipeline 14 is laid on the bottom disc of the bearing plate 3, a heating liquid flow can be led in the heat dissipation pipeline 14 through a circulation inlet 9 and led out through a circulation outlet 10, and the heating liquid flow and the air in the seedling culture space form circulation heat exchange; case lid 2 has the side wall all around and protects the frame, the height that the frame was protected to the side wall is 25 centimetres, and 4 apex angles punishment on lower port plane do not are provided with case lid positioning disk 8, have respectively on the case lid positioning disk 8 with the reference column corresponds the complex locating hole on the case locating disk 7 be provided with movable returning face plate 15 on 4 sides all around of the side wall protection frame respectively, movable returning face plate 15 is in the side wall protects frame subtend both sides group and corresponds the setting, respectively with the roof of case lid 2 is articulated each other, can make movable returning face plate 15 is relative the roof upset is up to on the roof, thereby makes form the intercommunication on the side wall protection frame the inside and outside convection current window in the space of growing seedlings set up air vent 5 on the movable returning face plate 15, each install swivel cap 13 on the air vent 5, steerable switching air vent 5 on the roof medial surface of case lid 2, follow the width direction of case lid 2 is provided with the alternate lateral pipe 11 that is used for atomizing sprinkling irrigation and is used for providing photosynthesis condition and LED shines lamp 6, lateral pipe 11 communicates each other with the leading pipe 12 that switches on the outside respectively.

A method for raising seedlings by cutting with pot-carried large-fruit hazelnut twigs uses the culture box for raising seedlings by cutting with pot-carried large-fruit hazelnut twigs, and adopts the following operation steps:

step 1, filling a seedling raising pot body 20 with a base matrix and an inorganic matrix respectively, wherein the base matrix is humus soil without pesticide residues, the inorganic matrix is vermiculite, inserting semi-lignified young shoot twigs which are taken from a filbert stock plant and subjected to root promotion into the inorganic matrix, and inserting 1 filbert seedling twig into each seedling raising pot body to keep the filbert seedling twigs to be firmly upright and strictly avoid lodging.

And 2, placing the seedling culture pot bodies 20 filled with the composite structure matrix and completing the cuttage of the hazel seedling twigs on the bearing plate 3 in the box body 1 in sequence, aligning the positioning holes on the box cover positioning disc 8 on the box cover 2 with the positioning columns on the box body positioning disc 7 on the box body 1 respectively, and inserting the positioning columns into the positioning holes in a matched manner, so that the box cover 2 and the box body 1 are matched and fully and stably.

And 3, according to the cutting seedling raising process rule, combining the regional environment conditions of the box body 1, selectively opening part or all of the vent holes 5 formed in the box cover 2, and controlling and ensuring the air supply amount in the seedling raising space.

Step 4, controlling and maintaining the cultivation conditions of the hazel seedling tender branches in the seedling culture space: (1) neutral clear water is introduced into the main conduit 12, and atomized irrigation is carried out on the seedling culture pot body 20 through the branch conduit 11, so that the air humidity in the seedling culture space is kept above 95%, and the air humidity can be adjusted in an auxiliary manner by adjusting the water accumulation amount in the draining area; (2) starting a heating liquid flow circulation, leading in the heating liquid flow from a circulation inlet 9 to a circulation outlet 10, leading out the heating liquid flow, and controlling the temperature of the seedling culture space within the range of 25-28 ℃ through heat exchange between the heating liquid flow and air in the seedling culture space; (3) all the LED lamps 6 are turned on and kept for 24 hours all day illumination.

And 5, keeping the cultivation condition in the step 3 for about 10 days, opening 1 group or all 2 groups of movable turnover plates 15 according to the regional environment condition of the box body 1, adjusting the air humidity to be within the range of 80-90% through the air convection circulation in the seedling cultivation space, continuously keeping the temperature condition in the seedling cultivation space and the all-weather irradiation of the LED irradiation lamp 6, and simultaneously starting to check the rooting condition of the hazel seedling tender branches day by day.

And 6, after checking and confirming that all the hazel seedling twigs cultured in the seedling culture space are rooted and grow into the tillered seedling which can be planted, immediately removing the box cover 2 from the box body 1, opening the box body 1, and finishing the rooting culture process of the hazel seedling twigs.

And 7, taking the seedling culture pots 20 out of the box body 1 sequentially and stably, and directly transplanting the cultured hazel seedlings and the seedling culture pots 20 with soil to a planting forest land to finish the cutting seedling culture process of the big-fruit hazelnuts.

The utility model discloses a big fruit hazelnut twig cuttage seedling culture incubator is carried to alms bowl, its technical scheme's application is not only restricted to in the scope that description or this embodiment show by way of example among, obviously, this technical scheme also can be applied to and have the twig cuttage of the same or similar biological characteristic forest plant with the hazel tree and breed the process in the middle of, have very extensive popularization range and application.

Claims (5)

1. A bowl-carried big-fruit hazelnut disc type twig cutting seedling culture box is characterized by comprising; the box cover (2) can be matched and covered on the upper end of the box body (1) to form an internal cubic seedling culture space; the box body (1) is in a rectangular short disc shape, a bearing plate (3) is horizontally arranged in the box body, the seedling culture space in the box body (1) is divided into an upper functional area and a lower functional area, the upper part is a breeding area, the lower part is a draining area, a water guide hole is formed in the bearing plate (3), a water guide opening (4) is formed in the bottom of the box body (1), and a supplementary temperature system is further installed in the draining area; case lid (2) are for having the cap type structure that the side wall protected the frame all around air vent (5) have been seted up in the distribution on the side wall protected the frame on the roof medial surface of case lid (2), evenly distributed, alternate setting installs respectively spray irrigation pipe-line system and LED lamp (6), be provided with atomizing nozzle on spray irrigation pipe-line system's the pipeline and with case lid (2) outside switches on, keeps spray irrigation pipe-line system's spraying scope with the irradiation range of LED lamp (6) covers respectively completely the bearing area of loading board (3).

2. The bowl-mounted large-fruit hazelnut disc type twig cutting seedling culture box according to claim 1, characterized in that: at least 1 pair of the side wall protective frame of the box cover (2) is correspondingly provided with openable convection windows on two sides.

3. The pot-carried large-fruit hazelnut disc type twig cutting seedling culture incubator as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the side guard plate is provided with a plurality of vent holes which can be shielded.

4. The pot-carried large-fruit hazelnut disc type twig cutting seedling culture incubator as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the spray irrigation pipeline system is provided with a main duct (12) and branch pipes (11), wherein the branch pipes (11) are distributed and installed on the inner side surface of the top plate of the tank cover (2) and are respectively communicated with the main duct (12), and the main duct (12) is communicated with the outside of the tank cover (2).

5. The bowl-loaded large-fruit hazelnut disc type twig cutting seedling culture incubator as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the box body (1) and the box cover (2) are respectively and correspondingly provided with a box body positioning disc (7) and a box cover positioning disc (8), the box body positioning disc (7) is provided with a positioning column, the box cover positioning disc (8) is provided with a positioning hole correspondingly matched with the positioning column, when the box cover (2) and the box body (1) cover a box, the positioning column on the box body positioning disc (7) is respectively and correspondingly matched and inserted in the positioning hole on the box cover positioning disc (8), and the box cover (2) is limited and positioned relatively to the box body (1).

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