CN108684512A - A kind of aerial fog cultivation construction method in city roof balcony orchard - Google Patents

A kind of aerial fog cultivation construction method in city roof balcony orchard Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108684512A
CN108684512A CN201810495544.8A CN201810495544A CN108684512A CN 108684512 A CN108684512 A CN 108684512A CN 201810495544 A CN201810495544 A CN 201810495544A CN 108684512 A CN108684512 A CN 108684512A
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cultivation
nutrient solution
roof
orchard
fruit
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徐康通
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G31/00Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G31/00Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
    • A01G31/02Special apparatus therefor
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05BPHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B7/00Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G5/00Fertilisers characterised by their form
    • C05G5/20Liquid fertilisers
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/20Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
    • Y02P60/21Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of aerial fog cultivation construction methods in city roof balcony orchard, belong to field of fruit tree cultivation.This method is cultivation carrier using pipeline and bucket etc., the aerosol fertilizer water-supply technology automated in conjunction with root system, realize that light and handyization of roof gardens and orchards construction is built without soilization, reach roofing kind tree and plants fruit not load-bearing, cultivation management is not applied fertilizer the Labor-saving farming effect of not weeding, and completely new Technology Ways are opened up in the ecological construction that green cooling and beautification are covered for roof.The technology can also be a kind of novel without soilization Labor-saving orchard structure and cultivation technique in the bare places environmental applications such as saline and alkaline desert in addition to suitable Urban Roof, Metropolis Square.

Description

A kind of aerial fog cultivation construction method in city roof balcony orchard
Technical field
The invention belongs to the soilless culture fields of trees and fruit tree.It is related to a kind of aerial fog cultivation in city roof balcony orchard Construction method quickly covers the green construction for controllably changing orchard with facility for city roof balcony and light and handyization for building skin table.
Background technology
Advocate Ecological Civilization practices afforesting and beautifying for urban environment, increases city and covers green rate, is current China and world's hair Up to national common ecological vision.Forest City is built, citizen's ecology welfare is improved, makes oxygen-enriched city oxygen bar, be unable to do without tree The green plant such as wood and flowers and plants.The Japan of some flourishing American-European countries and Asia of last century the nineties begins to carry out using lawn Roof covers green, or builds roof vegetable garden garden and orchard, wherein the pattern with grass planting is more, also removes rural area soil for kind of tree With plant dish, but the construction of artificial arable layer is all be unable to do without when building well, useful artificial substratum also removes civil engineering garden.Artificial substratum type Roof cover green technology, the green plant of plantlet flowers and plants is mostly used for, for tall trees wood such as shrub, to soil depth requirement Height, it is less that summer evaporates the big plant reference of water absorption;Wherein reason is, city removes that geotechnological journey is big, some metropolis are looked at all Less than soil, in addition planting tree is suitble to need deep soil, the load-bearing for flooring is also a great development obstacle, be cannot achieve The cultivation in blocks of the big plant if tree in roof and trees is built, and occasionally has potted plant growth, but also because potting is easy limited, water-retaining property Difference, summer management irrigation amount is big and is used less.Up to the present the arrived green plant in roof is substantially served only for the resistance to height of shallow native plant Temperature arid cultivation of plants, crown big trees or fruit tree are few with using, unless the building implementation that some flooring load bearing stengths are big Remove civil engineering garden.The green planting technology in the current roof in China more generally selects the drought-enduring heat safe red-spotted stonecrop plant of skill shallow root, is into For the mainstream kind of roof greening and beautification.
And future developing trend, urban greening and beautification will walk the ecodevelopment road of edible landscape, that is, While greening is with beautification, it includes fruit, medicinal herbs, vegetables etc. that can produce the product eaten for people;Work as in roof vegetable garden When increased popularity, become the agro-farming experience place of some thermophilic agriculture urbanites and old man, the shallow plant type of vegetable root system is small, using removing rural area Soil or artificial substratum type can be solved, rare to plant the larger fruit tree of tree body to build orchard, because by soil layer and roof-bearing limit System.In addition, even if implementing to remove geotechnological Cheng Jinhang roofings Orchard Construction, because of the soil layer of cement roof, the not no underground of water storage function The support capillary effect of increasing of water layer, the soil layer summer in roof orchard is easily arid, needs a large amount of tap water to irrigate, becomes room Top orchard needs water to supply limited contradiction with city tap water.
In addition other than roof-bearing problem, the unclean caused mosquito of soil grows in the soil orchard garden of conventional roof And shelter environment can be influenced, if implementing fertilizer and pesticide management, it more or less will also result in the pollution of urban environment.Roof dish The development in garden is planted outer in addition to soil, currently develops Novel planting pattern gradually both at home and abroad, be exactly pipeline water planting and flat bed or Containerization water planting and light ground mass training, but it is only limited to the gourd, fruit and vegetable of small plant type mostly, the cultivation of fruit tree is still had centainly Technical difficulty, be exactly the problem of root system easily rotten and the uncomfortable reaction under water environment of fruit tree, so without nativeization technology reality It imposes on roof greening and is also limited to vegetables mostly.The Forest City of Singapore's conceptual design is exactly building into class terraced fields mould Formula, and ridging earth plantation trees are removed, the effect of structure forest-tree covering building skin table, but this must be based on building powerful hold Principal characteristic, it is high to building requirements, investment it is also big, be only limited on a small quantity build on apply, cannot be introduced into common people's common building skin table with Rooftop applications.
Invention content
For current roof orchard technical method, native gigantic project is removed on single, city roof, to roof building load-bearing requirements The problems such as height, cultivation management is cumbersome and environmental pollution, proposes a kind of " the aerial fog cultivation construction method in city roof orchard ", realizes Light and handyization building well, the new method of Labor-saving management, the cultivation of fruit tree high-efficient solid fast-growing, environment zero-emission and pollution.
To achieve the goals above, above-mentioned technical problem of the invention is mainly addressed by the following technical programs 's:
The invention discloses a kind of aerial fog cultivation construction methods in city roof balcony orchard, include the following steps:
A, addressing:
Want illumination abundance, ventilation good using the building skin table such as aerial fog cultivation philosophy and technique system combination city balcony roof Good space carries out the plantation of trees and fruit tree with place;
B, the selection of planting type:
According to Urban Space and place, implement barrel type or duct type make, the smooth space and place for facilitating stringing Using duct type or barrel type, orchard and green tree planting are built in fluctuations or scattered irregular space with place using the training of barrel type mist Wood;
C, plant line-spacing is laid out:
Cultivation pipeline is carried out according to the actual conditions for implementing ground to be laid out with the seeding row spacing for cultivating bucket, balcony roof Orchard Construction Dense planting method is mostly used greatly, to improve whole wind resistance, plant line-spacing is 1.2-1.5m;Pipelineization cultivation, it is opened in pipe midline If field planting hole and nozzle access aperture, barrel type cultivation opens up field planting hole at bung center, and avris opens up nutrient solution branch pipe confession fluid apertures, Bottom opens up return port or intercommunicating pore;
D, nutrition fluid circulation is installed:
Nutrition pond, water pump, filter, strong magnetic processor, the installation of sterilizer including feed flow stem and feed flow master Pipe, side pipe, branch pipe, hollow billet, nozzle installation;Nutrient solution return-flow system is by return port, reflux branch pipe, reflux side pipe, return main Composition;Implement to manage cycle in interior or bucket only need to carry out connection company without building nutrition liquid pool to cultivating between pipe or cultivation bucket It connects and realizes nutrient solution flow circuit;
E, control system of water pump:
Easy multi-period programming Control may be used to realize that the interval of water pump opens and closes in the roof orchard of small scale;Such as Fruit is larger or requires more to be precisely controlled, and uses the sensor for the intelligent control of input signal;
F, nutrition liquid pool is built:
Nutrition liquid pool can also be replaced with brick pond with containers such as stainless steel water tower, plastic barrel or casees, if roof is positive The cultivation places such as platform have the space less than return duct then nutrition liquid pool can be built in this and sentenced to facilitate reflux;If roof balcony There is no low level space then to use in bucket or recycled in pipe to solve reflux problem;
G, nutrient solution raw water:
Nutrient solution raw water is generally made in roof orchard in city using city tap-water, for the high tap water of chlorinity, it is necessary to It is used after standing a few days;Rain water on roof can also be collected, 1000 millimeters of area of annual rainfall can be met substantially with water need It asks, but water quality detection must be carried out, then compounding is carried out by water quality detection report;
H, ratio of nutrient solution:
General formulation may be used for most of fruit trees, element assembles following (ppm):N-P-K-Ca-Mg-S-Cu- Zn-Mn-Fe-Mo-B=260-31-235-200-48-64-0.02-0.05-0.5-2.5-0.0 1-0.5;Treelet seedling after field planting Nutrient solution concentration control is bred as with the control of fruiting period nutrient solution concentration in EC value 0.8-1.2ms/cm in EC values 1.2-2.5ms/ cm;Liquid PH value controls between 6.0-7.5;
I, the selection of fruit variety:
In the case of without any chamber facility and other refrigeration warming-up devices, adaptation to local conditions principle is generally followed, plantation is suitable Close the kind of the weather and area;Under conditions of having greenhouse to be ensured with the cold equal facilities of heating, Nan Guobei kinds or northern fruit can be carried out South kind;Especially Bei Guonan kinds can utilize aerosol to train and lightly move advantage without soilization, carry out the artificial refrigeration suspend mode of tree body, Realize the temperate fruit tree plantation in tropical and subtropical zone area;
J, transplant planting and tree body management:
Fruit tree transplanting is generally colonized in early spring and season in late fall, is carried out root system cleaning before being colonized and is carried out root system severe trimming, Then set implantation field planting pipe, allows root system to be in atomization environment, and new root is quickly formed to stimulate;
K, the intervention management of solution temperature and concentration:
Reach Growth status intervention by liquid temperature management, meets summer high temperature and can carry out the nutrient solution refrigeration obstacle that reaches a high temperature and disappear Except effect, dead season can carry out heating and reach growth promotion and facilitate effect;To realize that it is ripe that the high sugar cultivation of high-quality can be carried out The high-salt stress of phase is to improve fruit pol.
Illumination described in step A is sufficient, refers to daily light application time 8-10 hours or more, noon, intensity of illumination was in 3-5 Ten thousand luxs or more.
Filter, strong magnetic processor, nutrient solution sterilizer described in step D, filter are butterfly filter;Qiang Ci Processor intensity is 8000-1000 Gausses;The short wave ultraviolet that sterilizer is 253 nanometers.
The time relay control water pump of multi-period programming described in step E opens and closes frequency, and general summer hot weather is every Spraying 0.5-1 minute was opened every 5-8 minutes, spring and autumn sprayed 0.5-1 minutes every unlatching in 8-12 minute, winter every It sprays 0.5-1 minutes within 15-20 minutes.
Using in bucket described in step E recycles in pipe to solve reflux problem, be exactly system does not make return duct laying With return liquid processing, need to only be managed with cultivation to being connected to each cultivation bucket, form linker, and in storing certain water with cultivating in pipe in bucket The nutrient solution of position makees interior cycle structure.
Most cultivations of fruit tree described in step F refer to most of fruit trees in addition to blueberry, strawberry, pineapple, wherein blueberry To use ammonium type formula using Low-salinity proprietary formula, pineapple using acid formula, strawberry.
Nan Guobei kinds described in step I or Bei Guonan kinds, southern fruit is logical to refer to the torrid zone and subtropical fruit tree kind, and northern fruit is logical to be referred to Temperate fruit tree;Southern fruit needs certain heat and accumulated temperature and winter temperature not preferably less than limit freeze injury temperature, temperate fruit tree south kind Number when plant needs to meet certain chilling requirement, i.e. athermobiosis, insufficient area can remove refrigeration library and carry out artificial suspend mode, realize Bei Guonan kinds.
The root system cutting back pruning using severe described in step J refers to and makees at the severe cutting back of 1/2-2/3 to main root and lateral root Reason.
The intervention of solution temperature described in step K is to will appear Stoma of Leaves when outside air temperature is higher than 35 DEG C to close Inhibit photosynthesis, it may appear that the lunch break phenomenon at noon can be reduced to solution temperature by nutrient solution refrigeration means 17-21 DEG C, with the effect for the suspend mode solution that reaches a high temperature;And when early spring when temperature be less than 5-10 DEG C when, promote in advance to realize When rudiment is to reach ripe effect in advance, it is possible to implement nutrient solution heats, and shifts to an earlier date rudiment effect to reach early spring.
The cultivation effect of sugar with high salt, high described in step K, refer to fruit close on before maturation 1-2 weeks quickly expand and The high concentration management of nutrient solution may be used in the color phase, refers to the regulation and control of nutrient solution EC values between 2.5-3.0, reaches high-salt stress Promote the cultivation management method of fruit pol.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1, roof solves the soil swelling-shrinkage of current roof balcony Orchard Construction using bucket or pipeline aerial fog cultivation, can not It need to consider to carry out light and handyization portable seed pod under the premise of the Urban Architectures skin table load-bearing such as roof and plant trees;Even some are built Vertical plane can also set up the trees greening cultivation that management carries out vertical plane.
2, the aerial fog cultivation mode recycled using nutrient solution realizes water-savingization of city water, conventional soil cultivation evaporation It is big with leakage loss, aerial fog cultivation is carried out using bucket and pipe and reaches zero-emission effect, is most water-saving fruit and planting tree side Formula, water consumption only need traditional 1/10, significant to the city of water scarcity, in addition the evaporation of nutrient solution circulating cultivation fertilizer The environmental pollution come with percolation zone is effectively solved, while zero-emission recycles to reach and uses the minimized of fertilizer, is water-saving fertilizer-saving Ideal cropping pattern.
3, it using nutrient solution prescription management, solves the cultivation obstacle that city citizen are ignorant of fertilizer and water management technology, allows not Understand that the citizen of cultivation of fruit tree realize specialized fertilizer and water management, reaches the optimization effect of growth and development of fruit tree.
4, nutrient solution equilibrium feed flow along with rich water automation without soilization management, without conventional soil cultivate loosen the soil, Weeding, fertilising, irrigation management reach the deduction and exemption of 70% recruitment, and in addition nutrient solution aerial fog cultivation Shoot growth is more uniformly distributed again again It can implement root system pruning control root, allow and trim work Labor-saving.
5, after fruit tree and other trees implement aerial fog cultivation, root system is in best rich water gas bar part, and growth speed is big It is big to accelerate, achieve the effect that quickly to cover green and carrying for 2-3 times of growth rate may be implemented in fruiting, usual most of fruit trees in advance Height achievees the purpose that the green plant ecology of rapid build roof balcony.
6, the roof environment of well-ventilated's illumination abundance adds the cultivation technique without soilization, reduces soil-borne and grows way Diameter may be implemented to exempt from pesticide plantation, cultivate the green ecological safety product better than soil orchard.
7, aerial fog cultivation is carried out using nutrient solution prescription management, achievees the effect that high yield and high quality, in conjunction with high sugar pipe with high salt Reason, controllable metaplasia output are better than the high pol fruit of soil plantation.
8, using solution temperature intervention techniques, reach the anti-season production effect facilitated and inhibited, realize dull season or wrong season Picking.
9, it is raised fruit trees without soilization aerosol by balcony roof or trees, realizes that covering for Urban Architecture skin table is green, can subtract Slow roofing aging is leaked with roof caused by buffering hot swollen shrinkage, while can also slow down city tropical island effect, plays ecological drop Temp effect reduces summer air-conditioner power consumption.
10, roof orchard in city is covered green, plays Ecological in Urban system optimization effect, is conducive to build ecology with fresh air more The Ecological in Urban environment of sample, important technical support is provided for Ecological Civilization Construction.
Description of the drawings
1 pipeline aerial fog cultivation orchard structural schematic diagram of Fig. 1 embodiment of the present invention;
The nozzle schematic diagram in 1 pipeline aerial fog cultivation orchard of Fig. 2 embodiment of the present invention;
The structural schematic diagram in 2 barrel type aerial fog cultivation orchard of Fig. 3 embodiment of the present invention;
The structural schematic diagram in barrel type aerial fog cultivation orchard of Fig. 4 embodiment of the present invention 2 without nutrition pond.
The names of the parts of the present invention:1. field planting hole, 2. nozzle access aperture, 3. nutrient solution refluxing openings, 4. nutrition ponds, 5. water Pump, 6. filters, the last 7. magnetic processor, 8. nutrient solution sterilizers, 9. field planting pipes, 10. supervisors, 11. side pipes, 12. branch pipes, 13. Hollow billet, 14. nozzles, 15. nutrient solutions supervisor, 16. reflux branch pipes, 17. return ducts, 18. nutrient solution branch pipes, 19. annular sebific ducts, 20. mini sprinkler, 21. communicating pipes.
Specific implementation mode
To be that the purpose of the present invention, technical solution and effect are clearer, clear, referring to the drawings and embodiment is to this Invention is described in further detail.It should be appreciated that described herein, specific examples are only used to explain the present invention, is not used to Limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1
The construction step in city roof pipeline aerial fog cultivation orchard is as follows:
1, addressing:Select building for spacious flat roof, surrounding sets fence, and width is 7 meters a length of 18 meters, and area is 126 flat Square rice, surrounding are suitble to the construction in orchard roof orchard without shade light-blocking matter, illumination abundance well-ventilated;
2, pipeline aerial fog cultivation:Straight roof facilitates stringing to install, and the aerial fog cultivation of large diameter pipeline formula is suitble to build Garden, wide 7 meters long 18 meters of space, 1.2 meters of two ends setback can lay 4 row of cultivation pipeline of 1.5 meters of array pitch, per pass cultivation pipe Taoist priest is 15.6 meters, and it is 62.4 meters to create cultivation line overall length.It cultivates pipe to lay, selects the PVC of commercially available bore 400# (Φ 400mm) Pipe is managed as cultivation, general a length of 6 meters of every tubing, makees connection processing with connector, two ends carry out sealing treatment, make growth 15.6 meters of cultivation pipe;And it is laid according to 1.5 meters of proper alignments of spacing.
3, plant line-spacing is laid out:Pipe trepanning is cultivated, with carpenter's ink box in cultivation pipe towards one line of ink marker of midline bullet above, and A broken line mark is marked every 0.6m on the line of ink marker with ruler, then at two mark line midpoints as initial point, again every 1.2 meters Make a circle mark;As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the hole for opening up bore 3-5cm at broken line mark with card punch is accessed as nozzle Hole 2 opens up a bore 8-10cm with card punch at circles mark, and is inserted into identical bore, is about the pvc pipe of 20-30cm Make this field planting hole 1 and field planting 9 purposes of pipe;The hole conduct of a bore 25-50mm is opened up in the bottom downward of cultivation pipe wherein one end Nutrient solution refluxing opening 3.
4, pipeline and the installation of the nutrient solution circulatory system:As shown in Figure 1, including liquid-supplying system and return-flow system, liquid-supplying system packet Include the nutrition pond 4 (or bucket) of feed flow stem, water pump 5, filter 6, strong magnetic processor 7, nutrient solution sterilizer 8 and conveying nutrient solution The installation of supervisor 10, side pipe 11, branch pipe 12, hollow billet 13, nozzle 14;Nutrient solution return-flow system includes nutrient solution refluxing opening 3, reflux branch Pipe 16, return duct 17.
5, control system of water pump:Pump power accesses the multi-period programmable time relay, and according to season and weather Carry out the adjustment of interval time and atomizing time;Also the intelligent computer systems controlled by sensor be can access.
6, nutrition pond is built:Nutrition pond build the balcony edge less than roof flooring in, can brick Cheng Chi, can also It is replaced with containers such as stainless steel metal bucket or plastic barrels, the one well matched 1-2m of cultivation scale of the case3The container of capacity, mistake Big then take up space, too small, the liquid that has additional nutrients prepares frequency, increases recruitment.
7, nutrient solution raw water:The raw water that nutrient solution is prepared in roof orchard can be tap water, can also be that roofing recycles simultaneously Filter the rainwater of Cheng Dian;In the area of 1000 millimeters of annual rainfall or more, rainwater is collected on roof substantially can be self-supporting;In order to save trouble, one As use stand a period of time tap water as preparation nutrient solution raw water use, rainwater can mix unknown pollutant, be needed before preparation Water quality detection is carried out, it is relatively complicated.
8, ratio of nutrient solution:The determination and preparation of formula, in addition to having the fruit tree of particular/special requirement such as blueberry, strawberry, spinach individually Outside trailing plants, most of fruit trees may be used formula as below and prepare nutrient solution, and compound assembles (g/t) and is:Four water-calcium nitrate 1270.3g, epsom salt 486.8g, potassium nitrate 628.3g, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 115.1g, chelated iron 19.2g, manganese sulfate monohydrate 1.54g, boric acid 2.86g, cupric sulfate pentahydrate 0.08g, Sodium Molybdate Dihydrate 0.025g, sulfate dihydrate zinc 0.15g;Prepare nutrient solution side Method is identical as conventional soilless culture, and usual nutrient management is mainly concentration management and pH value management, the battalion of aerial fog cultivation fruit tree Nutrient solution concentration range is wider, and 1-3 months are seedling stage after transplanting, and concentration controls between EC values 0.8-1.2ms/cm, with tree body Growth is improved gradually to EC values 1.2-2.5ms/cm;If closing on the maturity period to realize high sugar cultivation, can improve to EC values 2.5-3ms/cm;PH value management, the suitable pH range of most of fruit numbers is between 6.0-7.5.
9, the selection of fruit tree and trees kind:Outdoor roof orchard is typically chosen the fruit variety of suitable local climate, It can plant trans-regional, such as Bei Guonan kinds or Nan Guobei kinds, Nan Guobei kinds need dead season to carry out covering and heat insulating, Bei Guonan kind need It will be in conjunction with the broken dormancy of artificial refrigeration in winter;The shrub and flower variety that can also select greening type, build up roof garden.
10, field planting and tree body management:Based on roof orchard is downgraded with dense planting, yield and quality is improved for the moment, second is that favorably In the whole wind resistance of raising;The spacing of field planting is advisable with 1.2m, and line-spacing is 1.5 meters;It selects 1-2 to give birth to seedling when field planting, first carries out The cleaning of root system, then the severe cutting back processing of main side root is carried out, need the trimming that the plant done surely carries out branches and leaves together to do surely, so It is inserted into field planting pipe afterwards with field planting hole, being placed in sufficient atomizing environment with root system is advisable, and rhizome position uses sponge or glue spraying Tampon, which enters to be colonized in pipe, to be fixed, be higher by the field planting hole 1 of cultivation pipe to the plant just transplanted have the protection of good stem with Fixed function;Other than normal branch-finishing and pruning, aerial fog cultivation fruit tree can also carry out interim root system pruning for the management of tree body Reach dwarfing to achieve the effect that control tree crown, while more vigourous new root can also be stimulated to be formed, it is newer to play root system Effect.
11, temperature controls:Summer high temperature season is encountered, nutrient solution refrigeration can be carried out when being higher than 35 DEG C such as temperature, with solution Except growth disorder caused by high temperature, for the fruit tree of growth of evergreen anniversary, can carry out late fall and winter nutrient solution heat with Reach Blooming fruiting and facilitates effect with ripe.
Currently, urbanization schedule speed in China's is increasingly accelerated, and how urban architecture rate of expansion journey acceleration tendency utilizes The roof space builds the roof beautification and greening in sustainable edibleization orchard, not only creates green space for city but also increase all People from city agro-farming temperament and interest, while safe fruit is harvested again, it is that a kind of city roof utilization of the ecological three lives fusion of production and living is new Mode makes positive contribution for conservation culture with Green Sustainable.
Embodiment 2
The barrel type aerial fog cultivation orchard of city roof and balcony is built:
The barrel type aerosol Bagle garden of roof balcony is identical as the cultivation principle in duct type aerosol Bagle garden and technology, is similarly The mode of aerosol circulation-supplied nutrient solution, the management of tree body and nutrient solution is also identical, the difference is that, barrel type aerial fog cultivation tool The staving of higher stake, root system capacity bigger, bucket bottom can also accumulate deeper nutrient solution and circulating feeding liquid in bucket may be implemented, bucket Bottom is connected to pipeline, and keeps certain water level, substitutes nutrition liquid pool function, can be at no low level spatial construction nutrient solution pond Aerial fog cultivation is carried out using circulation pattern in bucket;In addition bung is easily raised, and tree body is conveniently removed and moved, and northern fruit is planted for south Tree, when needing to meet chilling requirement using the artificial suspend mode of freezer progress, barrel type cultivation can connect root integral shift or company with bung Bucket is moved;For that can not be laid with the roof of pipeline or the scattered space of balcony, the fragmentary aerial fog cultivation of layouting of more convenient barrel type can With fully realize asymmetric buildings skin table using plantation, in addition barrel type root volume is big, more raw when needing to cultivate big tree and giving shade The advantage of long amount;In the process of construction of barrel type aerosol Bagle garden, with pipeline aerosol train compared with, hence it is evident that difference it can use Low level nutrient solution pond is flowed back, and is also more convenient using circulating feeding liquid in the bucket for exempting from nutrition liquid pool;Implement only to need flip i.e. when root system pruning It is operable;It just briefly introduces below with 1 significantly different place of embodiment.
1, the making of bucket is cultivated, as shown in figure 3, opening up the field planting hole 1 that a bore is 8-10cm at bung center and inserting Enter the pvc pipe of one section of identical bore as field planting pipe 9;It is in opening up bore on the middle and upper part bucket wall of the nearly bung of avris of bucket The hole of 1.5-2.5cm is as 18 access port of nutrient solution branch pipe, and in connecing annular sebific duct 19 on nutrient solution branch pipe 18, on sebific duct Installation four is laid out uniform mini sprinkler 20;Avris in nearly bucket bottom opens up the nutrient solution refluxing opening 3 of a bore 2.5-5.0cm, Return duct 17 is can access, the communicating pipe 21 that can also be used as between two barrels connects;After making cultivation bucket unit, nutrient solution branch Pipe 18 accesses side pipe 11, and the connection of feed flow cycle or reflux that are formed between all buckets complete the cyclic system of barrel type aerosol training System installation.
2, cultivate bucket between connection handle, as shown in figure 4, using recycled in bucket do not configure nutrient solution pond when, often cultivate bucket Bottom opens up to be used as intercommunicating pore flatly, linker is formed with the connection of communicating pipe 21 between two barrels mutually closed on, realizes bucket Nutrient solution flowing between bucket.
3, nutrition pond can be that low level builds pond as duct type aerosol Bagle garden, can also be cycle in bucket;If planted Each bucket position height is identical in training system, then can optional one barrel as nutrient solution pond is substituted, if cultivation bucket height has difference Different, the cultivation bucket for being typically chosen low level is recycled as nutrient solution pond structure nutrient solution is substituted.
4, the nutrient solution stem in cycle aerosol Bagle garden is installed in bucket, as shown in figure 4, including water pump 5, filter 6, Qiang Ci Processor 7 and nutrient solution sterilizer 8, ordinary water pump are installed on using self priming pump outside bucket, and 15 water inlet pipe portions feed flow need to be only responsible for Part is inserted into cultivation bucket to bottom.
5, in bucket mist nozzle installation, trained unlike duct type aerosol and hollow billet be connected on branch pipe, then nozzle is connected to hair Guan Shang, the atomizing of barrel type aerosol training first pick out an annular sebific duct 19 from every barrel of branch pipe, ring pipe be installed in bucket on Portion connects mini sprinkler 20 then at sebific duct, uniformly installs four for general every barrel and can reach the atomization effect of good bucket.
The cultivation of barrel type aerial fog cultivation and tubular type also have one the difference is that, the tree body of barrel type is easy to move, when building well Can early stage dense planting, the later stage grows up with tree body, and sparse tree body of moving expands line space, and this respect is grasped than duct type aerosol Bagle garden Make more convenient.
The fragmentary irregular space utilization of some building skin skins, such as small balcony, windowsill, rain eaves may be implemented in the training of barrel type aerosol Ceiling etc., the place that some unsuitable pipeline mist trainings are laid can be replaced with barrel type, realize city roof balcony etc. The green plant in space is maximally utilized with cultivation of fruit tree.The plants such as barrel type mist Bagle tree, trees, flowers, realize covering for urban environment Green beautification produces fruit again simultaneously, is the important model of edible landscape planting, and the convenience with mist of especially its point type layout are trained Lightness, realize it is any to have the ecology of illumination and water supplying space to cover green, the structure for ecological civilized city plays positive help Push away effect.
It is understood that those skilled in the art, can according to the technique and scheme of the present invention and this The design of invention is subject to replace or change on an equal basis, and all these changes or replacement should all belong to appended claims of the invention Protection domain.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of aerial fog cultivation construction method in city roof balcony orchard, it is characterised in that following steps:
A, addressing:
Want illumination sufficient, draughty using the building skin table such as aerial fog cultivation philosophy and technique system combination city balcony roof Space carries out the plantation of trees and fruit tree with place;
B, the selection of planting type:
According to Urban Space and place, implement barrel type or duct type make, it is smooth that the space of stringing is facilitated to be used with place Orchard and green tree planting wood are built in duct type or barrel type, fluctuations or scattered irregular space with place using the training of barrel type mist;
C, plant line-spacing is laid out:
Cultivation pipeline is carried out according to the actual conditions for implementing ground to be laid out with the seeding row spacing for cultivating bucket, balcony roof Orchard Construction is most Using dense planting method, to improve whole wind resistance, plant line-spacing is 1.2-1.5m;Pipelineization cultivation, it is fixed to be opened up in pipe midline Hole and nozzle access aperture are planted, barrel type cultivation opens up field planting hole at bung center, and avris opens up nutrient solution branch pipe confession fluid apertures, bottom Open up return port or intercommunicating pore;
D, nutrition fluid circulation is installed:
Nutrition pond, water pump, filter, strong magnetic processor, the installation of sterilizer including feed flow stem and feed flow supervisor, side Pipe, branch pipe, hollow billet, nozzle installation;Nutrient solution return-flow system is made of return port, reflux branch pipe, reflux side pipe, return main; Implement to manage cycle in interior or bucket to be not necessarily to build nutrition liquid pool, only need to connect realization to cultivating implementation connection between pipe or cultivation bucket Nutrient solution flow circuit;
E, control system of water pump:
Easy multi-period programming Control may be used to realize that the interval of water pump opens and closes in the roof orchard of small scale;If rule Mould is larger or requires more to be precisely controlled, and uses the sensor for the intelligent control of input signal;
F, nutrition liquid pool is built:
Nutrition liquid pool can also be replaced with brick pond with containers such as stainless steel water tower, plastic barrel or casees, if roof balcony etc. Cultivation place has the space less than return duct then nutrition liquid pool can be built in this and sentenced to facilitate reflux;If roof balcony does not have Low level space then uses in bucket or is recycled in pipe to solve reflux problem;
G, nutrient solution raw water:
Nutrient solution raw water is generally made in roof orchard in city using city tap-water, for the high tap water of chlorinity, it is necessary to stand It is used after a few days;Rain water on roof can also be collected, water demand can be met substantially for 1000 millimeters of area of annual rainfall, but Water quality detection must be carried out, then compounding is carried out by water quality detection report;
H, ratio of nutrient solution:
General formulation may be used for most of fruit trees, element assembles following (ppm):N-P-K-Ca-Mg-S-Cu-Zn- Mn-Fe-Mo-B=260-31-235-200-48-64-0.02-0.05-0.5-2.5-0.01-0 .5;Treelet seedling is sought after field planting The control of nutrient solution concentration is bred as with the control of fruiting period nutrient solution concentration in EC value 0.8-1.2ms/cm in EC values 1.2-2.5ms/cm; Liquid PH value controls between 6.0-7.5;
I, the selection of fruit variety:
In the case of without any chamber facility and other refrigeration warming-up devices, adaptation to local conditions principle is generally followed, plantation is suitble to should The kind of weather and area;Under conditions of having greenhouse to be ensured with the cold equal facilities of heating, Nan Guobei kinds or Bei Guonan kinds can be carried out; Especially Bei Guonan kinds can utilize aerosol to train and lightly move advantage without soilization, carry out the artificial refrigeration suspend mode of tree body, realize heat Temperate fruit tree plantation with subtropical zone;
J, transplant planting and tree body management:
Fruit tree transplanting is generally colonized in early spring and season in late fall, and root system cleaning is carried out before being colonized and carries out root system severe trimming, then Set implantation field planting pipe, allows root system to be in atomization environment, new root is quickly formed to stimulate;
K, the intervention management of solution temperature and concentration:
Reach Growth status intervention by liquid temperature management, meets summer high temperature and can carry out the nutrient solution refrigeration obstacle that reaches a high temperature and eliminate effect Fruit, dead season can carry out heating and reach growth promotion and facilitate effect;To realize that the high sugar cultivation of high-quality can carry out the ripe phase High-salt stress is to improve fruit pol.
2. a kind of aerial fog cultivation construction method in city roof balcony orchard according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Step Illumination described in rapid A is sufficient, refers to daily light application time 8-10 hours or more, noon intensity of illumination in ten thousand luxs 3-5 and More than.
3. a kind of aerial fog cultivation construction method in city roof balcony orchard according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Step Filter, strong magnetic processor, nutrient solution sterilizer described in rapid D, filter are butterfly filter;Strong magnetic processor intensity For 8000-1000 Gausses;The short wave ultraviolet that sterilizer is 253 nanometers.
4. a kind of aerial fog cultivation construction method in city roof balcony orchard according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Step The time relay control water pump of multi-period programming described in rapid E opens and closes frequency, and general summer hot weather was opened every 5-8 minutes Spraying 0.5-1 minutes is opened, spring opened spraying 0.5-1 minutes every 8-12 minutes with autumn, and winter sprayed every 15-20 minutes 0.5-1 minutes.
5. a kind of aerial fog cultivation construction method in city roof balcony orchard according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Step Using in bucket described in rapid E recycles in pipe to solve reflux problem, lays be exactly system does not make return duct and returns liquid processing, Need to only be managed with cultivation to being connected to each cultivation bucket, form linker, and in bucket with cultivate the nutrient solution that certain water level is stored in pipe, Cycle structure in making.
6. a kind of aerial fog cultivation construction method in city roof balcony orchard according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Step Most cultivations of fruit tree described in rapid F, refer to most of fruit trees in addition to blueberry, strawberry, pineapple, and wherein blueberry is using acid Formula, strawberry use ammonium type formula using Low-salinity proprietary formula, pineapple.
7. a kind of aerial fog cultivation construction method in city roof balcony orchard according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Step Nan Guobei kinds described in rapid I or Bei Guonan kinds, southern fruit is logical to refer to the torrid zone and subtropical fruit tree kind, and northern fruit is logical to refer to temperate fruit tree; Southern fruit needs certain heat and accumulated temperature and winter temperature, and preferably less than limit freeze injury temperature, the plantation of temperate fruit tree south do not need to meet Number when certain chilling requirement, i.e. athermobiosis, insufficient area can remove refrigeration library and carry out artificial suspend mode, realize Bei Guonan kinds.
8. a kind of aerial fog cultivation construction method in city roof balcony orchard according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Step The root system cutting back pruning using severe described in rapid J refers to the severe cutting back processing for making 1/2-2/3 to main root and lateral root.
9. a kind of aerial fog cultivation construction method in city roof balcony orchard according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Step The intervention of solution temperature described in rapid K is to will appear Stoma of Leaves when outside air temperature is higher than 35 DEG C to close the photosynthetic work of inhibition With, it may appear that solution temperature can be reduced to 17-21 DEG C, to reach by the lunch break phenomenon at noon by nutrient solution refrigeration means The effect solved to high temperature suspend mode;And when early spring when temperature be less than 5-10 DEG C when, in order to realize in advance promote rudiment carried with reaching When preceding maturation effect, it is possible to implement nutrient solution heats, and shifts to an earlier date rudiment effect to reach early spring.
10. a kind of aerial fog cultivation construction method in city roof balcony orchard according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: The cultivation effect of sugar with high salt, high described in step K refers to that fruit closes on before maturation 1-2 weeks and quickly expands and colour the phase, can be with Using the high concentration management of nutrient solution, refer to the regulation and control of nutrient solution EC values between 2.5-3.0, reaches high-salt stress to promote fruit sugar The cultivation management method of degree.
CN201810495544.8A 2018-05-22 2018-05-22 A kind of aerial fog cultivation construction method in city roof balcony orchard Pending CN108684512A (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110700497A (en) * 2019-11-14 2020-01-17 华川技术有限公司 An ecological roof insulation layer
CN111727864A (en) * 2020-06-02 2020-10-02 佛山市谷思贝生物科技有限公司 Water mist irrigation system

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CN101543182A (en) * 2008-03-28 2009-09-30 孙宗桂 Brand-new greenhouse soilless culture-fog culture technology
CN104542217A (en) * 2015-01-15 2015-04-29 温州桑德拉花木苗科技有限公司 Chinese yew aeroponic method
CN106962170A (en) * 2017-05-19 2017-07-21 周佳君 A multifunctional plant aerosol cultivation equipment
CN206641139U (en) * 2016-05-03 2017-11-17 翁正祥 A kind of aerosol trains implant system

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CN101543182A (en) * 2008-03-28 2009-09-30 孙宗桂 Brand-new greenhouse soilless culture-fog culture technology
CN104542217A (en) * 2015-01-15 2015-04-29 温州桑德拉花木苗科技有限公司 Chinese yew aeroponic method
CN206641139U (en) * 2016-05-03 2017-11-17 翁正祥 A kind of aerosol trains implant system
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110700497A (en) * 2019-11-14 2020-01-17 华川技术有限公司 An ecological roof insulation layer
CN111727864A (en) * 2020-06-02 2020-10-02 佛山市谷思贝生物科技有限公司 Water mist irrigation system

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