CN114208513A - Industrialized cutting method for Belgium azalea and cutting arched shed - Google Patents

Industrialized cutting method for Belgium azalea and cutting arched shed Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114208513A
CN114208513A CN202111586765.4A CN202111586765A CN114208513A CN 114208513 A CN114208513 A CN 114208513A CN 202111586765 A CN202111586765 A CN 202111586765A CN 114208513 A CN114208513 A CN 114208513A
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cutting
azalea
arched shed
pot
industrialized
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CN202111586765.4A
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Inventor
彭火辉
叶川
陈华玲
孔令普
游艳红
彭玉辅
王国行
刘久福
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Jiangxi Sericulture Tea Research Institute (jiangxi Economic Crop Research Institute)
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Jiangxi Sericulture Tea Research Institute (jiangxi Economic Crop Research Institute)
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Priority to CN202111586765.4A priority Critical patent/CN114208513A/en
Publication of CN114208513A publication Critical patent/CN114208513A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G2/00Vegetative propagation
    • A01G2/10Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/005Cultivation methods
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G2/00Vegetative propagation
    • A01G2/20Layering
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G2/00Vegetative propagation
    • A01G2/30Grafting
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/10Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/10Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
    • A01G24/12Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/10Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
    • A01G24/12Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
    • A01G24/15Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G7/00Botany in general
    • A01G7/04Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth
    • A01G7/045Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth with electric lighting
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G7/00Botany in general
    • A01G7/06Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/14Greenhouses
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/14Greenhouses
    • A01G9/1423Greenhouse bench structures
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/22Shades or blinds for greenhouses, or the like
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/24Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
    • A01G9/247Watering arrangements
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/25Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Ecology (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of plant propagation and discloses an industrialized cutting method for Belgium azalea and a cutting arched shed, which comprise an arched shed main body and a shed roof on the top of the arched shed main body, the inner part of the shed roof is provided with a water tank platform with a hollow inner part on the ground, two rows of supporting platforms are arranged above the water tank platform, the inner part of the arched shed main body adopts an automatic intermittent spraying system which independently separates each supporting platform, the top of each supporting platform is provided with a pot culture box which is convenient to disassemble and assemble, the top of the arched shed main body is provided with a row of water pumps corresponding to the supporting platforms below, and the upper part of the pot culture box is provided with a liftable sun-shading cover, the directed culture is carried out according to the growth habit of the Belgian azalea, the scientific culture is carried out, the large-scale culture of the Belgian azalea in an arched shed is improved, and the survival rate of the Belgian azalea is improved.

Description

Industrialized cutting method for Belgium azalea and cutting arched shed
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of plant propagation, in particular to an industrialized cutting method for Belgium azalea and a cutting arched shed.
Background
Belgium azalea (also known as Rhododendron simsii), woody plant, Rhododendron of Ericaceae. A horticultural hybrid variety. From Belgium to China. Can bloom all the year round, and the flowering period can be controlled. The flower color is red, white, butterfly, pink, scarlet, national flag red, etc. Is one of the main varieties of potted flower production in the world.
However, the cutting of rhododendron requires special substrate and growing environment, and if the cutting is not well combined with the substrate, the cutting is difficult to root. In addition, in the seedling raising process, the section of the cutting shoot is in direct contact with the substrate, and if disinfection work is not performed, germs and insect pests are easily infected, so that the survival rate of rhododendron propagation in a cutting mode is low, and the difficulty is brought to large-scale cutting cultivation of rhododendron.
Therefore, an industrialized cutting method and a cutting arched shed for Belgian rhododendron are provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly solves the technical problems in the prior art and provides an industrialized cutting method for Belgian azalea and a cutting arched shed, and in order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme, and the industrialized cutting method for Belgian azalea comprises the following steps: firstly, selecting a cutting medium: the method comprises the following steps of (1) placing a cuttage substrate in mixed soil of leaf mold, culture soil, plant ash, coarse sand and vermiculite inside a movable pot culture box, wherein the pot culture box is located inside a constant-temperature greenhouse, and a sun shading device is arranged at the top of the pot culture box;
step two, cutting collection and preparation: selecting semi-mature tender branches, enabling cutting slips to be 5-10 cm long, removing 2-3 leaves at the base part, leaving the leaves at the top end, cutting half of the leaves, inserting the leaves into a cutting medium, enabling the cutting depth to be two thirds of the cutting slips, compacting after cutting, keeping humidity, enabling the leaves to be exposed out of the surface of the cutting medium, and dipping the cutting slips into the base part for 5-10 seconds by using a growth regulator;
thirdly, layering and propagating, selecting mature branches of 2-3 years, peeling annularly at a position 15-20 cm away from the top end by using a sharp knife, wherein the annular width is 1-2 cm, wrapping by using a plastic film, filling by using moss or leaf mold, keeping moist, healing and rooting for 4-5 months, and directly potting after cutting a root system;
fourthly, grafting and breeding: the method comprises the following steps of (1) taking 1-2 years old hairy rhododendrons growing vigorously as rootstocks, taking strong growing belgium rhododendrons tender branches germinating in the same year as good scions, mainly taking branch grafting, cutting the scions to be 2-3 cm long, taking the scions to be 8-10 cm, leaving 2 leaves at the top ends, cutting half of the scions, cutting the scions to be wedge-shaped and 3 cm long, inserting the scions into the rootstocks, binding and preserving moisture;
fifthly, sowing and breeding: the method comprises the following steps of (1) carrying out potted sowing in a greenhouse at a proper germination temperature of 22-24 ℃ in a small seed, wherein seeds are small, the sowing soil needs to be disinfected, the germination is carried out at the proper temperature, the seedlings are sowed in the pot in the greenhouse, soil is not needed to be covered after sowing, the seedlings are germinated only by light pressure for 10-15 days, the seedlings grow slowly, and the pot with the length of 4 cm is transplanted when the seedlings have 2 true leaves;
sixthly, cultivating and managing, wherein an automatic intermittent spraying system is adopted for replenishing water and humidifying during the test period or manually watering according to the soil humidity; controlling the temperature and humidity in the greenhouse; timely removing seedling bed fallen leaves and rotten cuttings;
seventhly, pest control is carried out, and an automatic intermittent spraying system in the greenhouse sprays insecticide for two to three times every month in summer and autumn.
Preferably, in the seventh step, the pesticide is sprayed by 1500 times of liquid of equivalent Bordeaux mixture or 50% carbendazim wettable powder, the pesticide is easily damaged by red spiders and army insects in summer and autumn, when leaves are grey, the pesticide is sprayed by 1500 times of 40% dimethoate emulsifiable solution, the army insects usually occur in 8-9 months, when the damage is serious, a large number of leaves drop, the tree vigor is directly influenced, and the pesticide is sprayed by 1000 times of 40% dimethoate emulsifiable solution at the early stage of the damage.
Preferably, in the first step, the temperature in the greenhouse is controlled to be 15-28 ℃ and the relative humidity is controlled to be 80-90%. Preferably, the growth regulator adopts any one of alpha-naphthylacetic acid, indoleacetic acid, indolebutyric acid and ABT rooting powder, and the concentration of the growth regulator is between 100 and 400 mg/L.
Preferably, the leaf mold, the culture soil, the plant ash, the coarse sand and the vermiculite are mixed according to the volume ratio of 2: 1: mixing the soil in a ratio of 1:2:1 to 1: 1 to be used as a substrate, and disinfecting the mixed soil before planting, wherein the pH value of the mixed soil is between 5.0 and 6.5.
Preferably, in the sixth step, the watering is carried out for 2-3 times in a week, the watering is carried out in the afternoon or at a higher room temperature, the light supplement is carried out for three-four hours at night, the watering is carried out for 1 time in a week at the room temperature of more than 10 ℃, and the pot soil is kept moist.
A cuttage arched shed of Belgium azalea industrialization, including arched shed main part and arched shed roof at main part top, the inside of shed roof subaerial installs the hollow water tank platform in inside, there are two rows of brace tables above the water tank platform, the inside of arched shed main part adopts the automatic intermittent spraying system that separates each brace table independently, the top of each brace table all installs the case cultivated in a pot convenient to dismouting, the top of arched shed main part installs one row of water pump that corresponds to the brace table below, the top of case cultivated in a pot is provided with the sunshade cover of liftable, the bottom of water pump is provided with the electric telescopic handle that drives the sunshade cover to go up and down, the bottom that the sunshade cover is equipped with the groove of round platform shape, automatic intermittent spraying system includes the gondola water faucet that is located the inslot of round platform shape of sunshade cover, the bottom of gondola water faucet is installed and is atomized spray nozzle, the inside recovery hose that communicates the gondola water faucet is installed to the top of sunshade cover, the water pump that installs and brace table one-to-one is installed at water tank bench top, and the output of water pump is linked together with retrieving the hose lower extreme, and the LED lamp is installed through pipeline and the inside communicating inside wall of water tank bench portion to the input of water pump, and the bottom of brace table is installed the pipe and is inserted inside the circular slot that corresponds water tank bench top portion and set up.
Preferably, the pot culture box is in a round table shape matched with the top opening of the support table, the bottom of the pot culture box is wrapped by a ventilating mesh bag, a rectangular clamping block is fixedly connected to the wall surface of the side wall of the pot culture box, and the clamping block is vertically clamped with a rectangular groove formed in the top of the support table.
Preferably, the LED lamp is annular, a gap is reserved between the LED lamp and the shower head, and the bottom of the LED lamp horizontally corresponds to the bottom of the shower head.
Preferably, the sunshade cover is in a truncated cone shape with an outer wall surface being opaque.
Advantageous effects
The invention provides an industrialized cutting method for Belgium azalea and a cutting arched shed. The method has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the greenhouse adopts the arched shed main body and the shed top to form a sealed environment, the internal temperature of the arched shed main body is prevented from being interfered by external cold air, the internal stability of the arched shed main body is kept, the electric telescopic rod is controlled to drive the sunshade cover to move upwards, external sunlight irradiates the Belgian rhododendron on the potted box through the arched shed main body and the shed top at the moment, the sunshade cover is controlled to move upwards through the electric telescopic rod between nine o 'clock and twelve o' clock in the daytime, direct sunlight irradiation in summer is avoided, the sunshade cover performs sunshade operation on the Belgian rhododendron planted inside the potted box, normal growth of the rhododendron is promoted, light supplement operation is performed for three to four hours at night, the daily illumination period of the rhododendron is prolonged, rapid growth of the rhododendron is accelerated, and the greenhouse is suitable for large-area large-scale planting.
(2) The azalea cuttage arched shed adopts a water circulation design consisting of an automatic intermittent spraying system, a support table and a water tank platform, when an atomizing nozzle on a shower head sprays the azalea on a pot culture box, the water solution sprayed on the pot culture box is partially absorbed by mixed soil in the pot culture box, the daily growth requirement of the azalea is promoted, meanwhile, the water solution sprayed in the pot culture box leaks downwards from the bottom of the pot culture box, the water drops downwards into the support table, and then flows into the water tank platform along a circular pipe at the bottom of the support table for recycling, so that the situation that the root of the azalea is rotten due to excessive water in the pot culture box due to excessive water in the root of the azalea is avoided, and the water drainage in the pot culture box is good; inside being retrieved the water solution of water tank platform inside again by the water pump that corresponds with the brace table from retrieving the hose and carry the gondola water faucet again, the gondola water faucet sprays the operation once more every other day to potted box upper azalea, the rational utilization water resource, keep water solution to carry out circulation flow through in this arched shed is inside, do not remain in potted box inside, avoid the water waste, every brace table all is furnished with independent water pump simultaneously, to every potted box upper azalea, go according to different potted box insidely to the azalea and independently spray, adapt to different azalea normal growths more.
(3) According to the Belgian azalea industrialized cutting method and the cutting arched shed, sandy soil with good soil loosening, ventilation, fertility and drainage performance is mixed in the Belgian azalea industrialized cutting method for planting, the soil is fertile, fast growth of the Belgian azalea is facilitated, the growth cycle of the Belgian azalea is shortened, and the azalea is effectively propagated in a large-scale and fast mode, so that the rooting rate and the rooting quality are effectively improved.
(4) According to the Belgian azalea industrialized cuttage method and the cuttage arched shed, the insecticide for Belgian azalea is adopted, symptomatic medicine administration is carried out on the azalea susceptible to red spiders and army insect hazards in summer and autumn, the influence of insect pest interference on the azalea in Belgian in summer and autumn is reduced, and the insect pest resistance in the arched shed is improved.
(5) According to the Belgian azalea cuttage method, targeted culture is performed according to the growth habit of Belgian azalea, scientific culture is performed, large-scale culture of Belgian azalea inside an arch shed is improved, and Belgian azalea survival rate is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It should be apparent that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and that other embodiments can be derived from the drawings provided by those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort.
The structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the present specification are only used for matching with the contents disclosed in the specification, so as to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the conditions that the present invention can be implemented, so that the present invention has no technical significance, and any structural modifications, changes in the ratio relationship, or adjustments of the sizes, without affecting the effects and the achievable by the present invention, should still fall within the range that the technical contents disclosed in the present invention can cover.
FIG. 1 is a disassembled view of the cuttage arched shed according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a bottom view of the support platform and the potting box of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a front exploded view of the support platform and potting box of the present invention.
Illustration of the drawings:
1. an arched shed body; 2. a shed roof; 3. a water tank table; 4. a support table; 5. potting boxes; 6. a clamping block; 7. a sunshade cover; 8. an electric telescopic rod; 9. an LED lamp; 10. a shower head; 11. recovering the hose; 12. a water pump; 13. a beam plate.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example (b): a Belgium azalea industrialization cuttage method and a cuttage arched shed are disclosed, as shown in figures 1-3, the Belgium azalea industrialization cuttage arched shed comprises an arched shed body 1 and a shed roof 2 at the top of the arched shed body 1, a hollow water tank platform 3 is installed on the ground inside the shed roof 2, two rows of supporting platforms 4 are arranged above the water tank platform 3, an automatic intermittent spraying system for independently separating each supporting platform 4 is adopted inside the arched shed body 1, a potted plant box 5 convenient to disassemble and assemble is installed at the top of each supporting platform 4, a row of water pumps 12 corresponding to the supporting platforms 4 below are installed at the top of the arched shed body 1, a liftable sunshade cover 7 is arranged above the potted plant box 5, the sunshade cover 7 is in a round platform shape with an outer wall surface being opaque, and the opaque sunshade cover 7 is convenient for shading Belgium azalea.
The bottom of water pump 12 is provided with the electric telescopic handle 8 that drive sunshade lid 7 goes up and down, the groove of round platform shape is seted up to the bottom that sunshade lid 7 does, automatic intermittent type water-spraying system is including the gondola water faucet 10 that is located the inslot portion of the round platform shape of sunshade lid 7, atomizer is installed to the bottom of gondola water faucet 10, intercommunication gondola water faucet 10 inside recovery hose 11 is installed at the top of sunshade lid 7, water pump 12 with brace table 4 one-to-one is installed at 3 tops of water tank platform, water pump 12's output and recovery hose 11 lower extremes are linked together, LED lamp 9 is installed through the inside wall that pipeline and 3 inside communicating 17 of water tank platform to the input of water pump 12, the round pipe is installed to the bottom of brace table 4 and is inserted the circular inslot portion of seting up corresponding water tank platform 3 tops.
The round platform form of case 5 cultivated in a pot for with 4 open-top looks adaptations of brace table, the bottom parcel of case 5 cultivated in a pot has ventilative pocket, and the fixture block 6 of the lateral wall fixedly connected with rectangle form of case 5 cultivated in a pot, the block 6 block about the rectangular channel of seting up with 4 tops of brace table.
The LED lamp 9 is circular, and there is the clearance between LED lamp 9 and the gondola water faucet 10, and the bottom of LED lamp 9 and the bottom level of gondola water faucet 10 correspond, and LED lamp 9 carries out night light filling operation to belgium azalea, and the extension is long for illumination every day.
An industrialized cutting method of Belgium azalea comprises the following steps:
firstly, selecting a cutting medium: the method comprises the following steps of (1) placing a cuttage substrate in mixed soil of leaf mold, culture soil, plant ash, coarse sand and vermiculite inside a movable pot culture box, wherein the pot culture box is located inside a constant-temperature greenhouse, and a sun shading device is arranged at the top of the pot culture box;
step two, cutting collection and preparation: selecting semi-mature tender branches, enabling cutting slips to be 5-10 cm long, removing 2-3 leaves at the base part, leaving the leaves at the top end, cutting half of the leaves, inserting the leaves into a cutting medium, enabling the cutting depth to be two thirds of the cutting slips, compacting after cutting, keeping humidity, enabling the leaves to be exposed out of the surface of the cutting medium, and dipping the cutting slips into the base part for 5-10 seconds by using a growth regulator;
thirdly, layering and propagating, selecting mature branches of 2-3 years, peeling annularly at a position 15-20 cm away from the top end by using a sharp knife, wherein the annular width is 1-2 cm, wrapping by using a plastic film, filling by using moss or leaf mold, keeping moist, healing and rooting for 4-5 months, and directly potting after cutting a root system;
fourthly, grafting and breeding: the method comprises the following steps of (1) taking 1-2 years old hairy rhododendrons growing vigorously as rootstocks, taking strong growing belgium rhododendrons tender branches germinating in the same year as good scions, mainly taking branch grafting, cutting the scions to be 2-3 cm long, taking the scions to be 8-10 cm, leaving 2 leaves at the top ends, cutting half of the scions, cutting the scions to be wedge-shaped and 3 cm long, inserting the scions into the rootstocks, binding and preserving moisture;
fifthly, sowing and breeding: the method comprises the following steps of (1) carrying out potted sowing in a greenhouse at a proper germination temperature of 22-24 ℃ in a small seed, wherein seeds are small, the sowing soil needs to be disinfected, the germination is carried out at the proper temperature, the seedlings are sowed in the pot in the greenhouse, soil is not needed to be covered after sowing, the seedlings are germinated only by light pressure for 10-15 days, the seedlings grow slowly, and the pot with the length of 4 cm is transplanted when the seedlings have 2 true leaves;
sixthly, cultivating and managing, wherein an automatic intermittent spraying system is adopted for replenishing water and humidifying during the test period or manually watering according to the soil humidity; controlling the temperature and humidity in the greenhouse; timely removing seedling bed fallen leaves and rotten cuttings;
seventhly, pest control is carried out, and an automatic intermittent spraying system in the greenhouse sprays insecticide for two to three times every month in summer and autumn.
And seventhly, spraying 1500 times of liquid of equivalent Bordeaux mixture or 50% carbendazim wettable powder to the pesticide, wherein the pesticide is easily damaged by red spiders and army insects in summer and autumn, when the leaves are grey white, spraying 1500 times of liquid of 40% dimethoate missible oil to kill the army insects, wherein the army insects usually occur in 8-9 months, and when the damage is serious, a large number of leaves drop off to directly influence tree vigor, and spraying 1000 times of liquid of 40% dimethoate missible oil to kill the army insects at the early stage of the discovery of the damage.
In the first step, the temperature in the greenhouse is controlled to be 15-28 ℃ and the relative humidity is 80-90%.
Preferably, the growth regulator adopts any one of alpha-naphthylacetic acid, indoleacetic acid, indolebutyric acid and ABT rooting powder, and the concentration of the growth regulator is between 100 and 400 mg/L.
The leaf mold, the culture soil, the plant ash, the coarse sand and the vermiculite are mixed according to the volume ratio of 2: 1: mixing the soil in a ratio of 1:2:1 to 1: 1 to be used as a substrate, and disinfecting the mixed soil before planting, wherein the pH value of the mixed soil is between 5.0 and 6.5.
And in the sixth step, watering is preferably carried out for 2-3 times in a week, watering is carried out in the afternoon or at a higher room temperature, light supplement is carried out for three-four hours at night, watering is carried out for 1 time in a week at the room temperature of more than 10 ℃, and the pot soil is kept moist.
According to the Belgian azalea industrialized cutting method, soil is mixed with loose soil, and sandy soil with good air permeability, fertility and drainage performance is planted, so that the soil is fertile, the rapid growth of Belgian azalea is promoted, the growth cycle of Belgian azalea is shortened, the effective method for large-scale rapid propagation of azalea effectively improves the rooting rate and rooting quality.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: this big-arch shelter adopts arched shed main part 1 and shed roof 2 to form sealed environment, avoid outside cold air to disturb the inside temperature of arched shed main part 1, keep arched shed main part 1 internal stability, control electric telescopic handle 8 drives sunshade cover 7 rebound, outside sunshine this moment sees through arched shed main part 1 and shed roof 2 and carries out the illumination to the belgium time azalea on the box cultivated in a pot 5, between nine o 'clock to twelve o' clock daytime, through electric telescopic handle 8 control sunshade cover 7 upwards, avoid direct sunlight of taboo in summer, sunshade cover 7 carries out the sunshade operation to the belgium time azalea of the box cultivated in a pot 5 internal planting, promote azalea normal growth, carry out the light filling operation three ~ four hours simultaneously at night, increase the illumination cycle of azalea every day, accelerate azalea fast growth, be fit for big-arch shelter large tracts of land is planted.
The method for layering the high altitude comprises the following steps: the branches of one or two years old are incised or peeled annularly, then the incised parts are covered by split bamboo tubes, flowerpots, thick paper tubes or plastic films, the gaps inside the incised parts are filled with rice chaff ash, moss, culture soil, perlite and other substances, the incised parts are kept wet frequently, but the moisture is not excessive, and the plants can be cut off after the roots grow.
Meanwhile, the azalea cuttage arched shed adopts a water circulation design consisting of an automatic intermittent spraying system, a support table 4 and a water tank table 3, when an atomizing nozzle on a shower head 10 sprays azalea on a pot culture box 5, part of water solution sprayed onto the pot culture box 5 is absorbed by mixed soil inside the pot culture box 5, the requirement of daily growth of the azalea is promoted, meanwhile, the water solution sprayed into the pot culture box 5 is leaked downwards from the bottom of the pot culture box 5, water is dripped downwards into the support table 4, then flows into the water tank table 3 along a circular pipe at the bottom of the support table 4 for recycling, the situation that the root of the azalea is too much water and causes root rot due to too much water inside the pot culture box 5 is avoided, and the drainage inside the pot culture box 5 is good; the water solution of being retrieved 3 inside water tank platforms is carried 10 insidely again by the water pump 12 that corresponds with brace table 4 from retrieving hose 11 again, 10 of gondola water faucet spray the operation on 5 azalea in potted plant once more alternate days, the water resource is rationally utilized, keep water solution to circulate and flow through inside this arched shed, do not remain inside 5 potted plant boxes, avoid the waste of water resource, every brace table 4 all is furnished with independent water pump 12 simultaneously, to 5 azalea in every potted plant box, go the azalea to independently spray according to 5 inside azalea of different potted plant boxes, adapt to different azalea normal growths more.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims (10)

1. An industrialized cutting method for Belgium azalea is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, selecting a cutting medium: the method comprises the following steps of (1) placing a cuttage substrate in mixed soil of leaf mold, culture soil, plant ash, coarse sand and vermiculite inside a movable pot culture box, wherein the pot culture box is located inside a constant-temperature greenhouse, and a sun shading device is arranged at the top of the pot culture box;
step two, cutting collection and preparation: selecting semi-mature tender branches, enabling cutting slips to be 5-10 cm long, removing 2-3 leaves at the base part, leaving the leaves at the top end, cutting half of the leaves, inserting the leaves into a cutting medium, enabling the cutting depth to be two thirds of the cutting slips, compacting after cutting, keeping humidity, enabling the leaves to be exposed out of the surface of the cutting medium, and dipping the cutting slips into the base part for 5-10 seconds by using a growth regulator;
thirdly, layering and propagating, selecting mature branches of 2-3 years, peeling annularly at a position 15-20 cm away from the top end by using a sharp knife, wherein the annular width is 1-2 cm, wrapping by using a plastic film, filling by using moss or leaf mold, keeping moist, healing and rooting for 4-5 months, and directly potting after cutting a root system;
fourthly, grafting and breeding: the method comprises the following steps of (1) taking 1-2 years old hairy rhododendrons growing vigorously as rootstocks, taking strong growing belgium rhododendrons tender branches germinating in the same year as good scions, mainly taking branch grafting, cutting the scions to be 2-3 cm long, taking the scions to be 8-10 cm, leaving 2 leaves at the top ends, cutting half of the scions, cutting the scions to be wedge-shaped and 3 cm long, inserting the scions into the rootstocks, binding and preserving moisture;
fifthly, sowing and breeding: the method comprises the following steps of (1) carrying out potted sowing in a greenhouse at a proper germination temperature of 22-24 ℃ in a small seed, wherein seeds are small, the sowing soil needs to be disinfected, the germination is carried out at the proper temperature, the seedlings are sowed in the pot in the greenhouse, soil is not needed to be covered after sowing, the seedlings are germinated only by light pressure for 10-15 days, the seedlings grow slowly, and the pot with the length of 4 cm is transplanted when the seedlings have 2 true leaves;
sixthly, cultivating and managing, wherein an automatic intermittent spraying system is adopted for replenishing water and humidifying during the test period or manually watering according to the soil humidity; controlling the temperature and humidity in the greenhouse; timely removing seedling bed fallen leaves and rotten cuttings;
seventhly, pest control is carried out, and an automatic intermittent spraying system in the greenhouse sprays insecticide for two to three times every month in summer and autumn.
2. The industrialized cutting method of rhododendron belgii according to claim 1, characterized in that: and seventhly, spraying 1500 times of liquid of equivalent Bordeaux mixture or 50% carbendazim wettable powder to the pesticide, wherein the pesticide is easily damaged by red spiders and army insects in summer and autumn, when the leaves are grey white, spraying 1500 times of liquid of 40% dimethoate missible oil to kill the army insects, wherein the army insects usually occur in 8-9 months, and when the damage is serious, a large number of leaves drop off to directly influence tree vigor, and spraying 1000 times of liquid of 40% dimethoate missible oil to kill the army insects at the early stage of the discovery of the damage.
3. The industrialized cutting method of rhododendron belgii according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the first step, the temperature in the greenhouse is controlled to be 15-28 ℃ and the relative humidity is 80-90%.
4. The industrialized cutting method of rhododendron belgii according to claim 1, characterized in that: the growth regulator adopts any one of alpha-naphthylacetic acid, indoleacetic acid, indolebutyric acid and ABT rooting powder, and the concentration of the growth regulator is between 100 and 400 mg/L.
5. The industrialized cutting method of rhododendron belgii according to claim 1, characterized in that: the leaf mold, the culture soil, the plant ash, the coarse sand and the vermiculite are mixed according to the volume ratio of 2: 1: mixing the soil in a ratio of 1:2:1 to 1: 1 to be used as a substrate, and disinfecting the mixed soil before planting, wherein the pH value of the mixed soil is between 5.0 and 6.5.
6. The industrialized cutting method of rhododendron belgii according to claim 1, characterized in that: and in the sixth step, watering is preferably carried out for 2-3 times in a week, watering is carried out in the afternoon or at a higher room temperature, light supplement is carried out for three-four hours at night, watering is carried out for 1 time in a week at the room temperature of more than 10 ℃, and the pot soil is kept moist.
7. The utility model provides a cuttage arched shed of Belgium azalea industrialization which characterized in that: comprises an arched shed main body (1) and a shed top (2) arranged at the top of the arched shed main body (1), wherein a hollow water tank platform (3) is arranged on the ground in the shed top (2), two rows of supporting platforms (4) are arranged above the water tank platform (3), an automatic intermittent spraying system which is used for independently separating each supporting platform (4) is arranged in the arched shed main body (1), a pot culture box (5) which is convenient to disassemble and assemble is arranged at the top of each supporting platform (4), a row of water pumps (12) corresponding to the supporting platforms (4) below are arranged at the top of the arched shed main body (1), a liftable sun-shading cover (7) is arranged above the pot culture box (5), an electric telescopic rod (8) which drives the sun-shading cover (7) to ascend and descend is arranged at the bottom of the water pumps (12), a circular truncated cone-shaped groove is formed at the bottom of the sun-shading cover (7), the automatic intermittent spraying system comprises a shower head (10) positioned in the circular cone-shaped groove of the sun-shading cover (7), atomizer is installed to the bottom of gondola water faucet (10), inside recovery hose (11) of intercommunication gondola water faucet (10) are installed at the top of sunshade lid (7), water pump (12) with brace table (4) one-to-one are installed at water tank platform (3) top, the output and the recovery hose (11) lower extreme of water pump (12) are linked together, LED lamp (9) are installed through the inside wall that pipeline and water tank platform (3) inside communicate with each other (17) to the input of water pump (12), the inside circular slot that the pipe inserted and corresponds water tank platform (3) top and set up is installed to the bottom of brace table (4).
8. The industrialized cutting arched shed for Belgium azalea according to claim 7, characterized in that: the round platform form of case cultivated in a pot (5) for with brace table (4) open-top looks adaptation, the bottom parcel of case cultivated in a pot (5) has ventilative pocket, fixture block (6) of the lateral wall fixedly connected with rectangle form of case cultivated in a pot (5), block (6) and the rectangular channel of seting up at brace table (4) top block from top to bottom.
9. The industrialized cutting arched shed for Belgium azalea according to claim 7, characterized in that: the LED lamp (9) is annular, a gap is reserved between the LED lamp (9) and the shower head (10), and the bottom of the LED lamp (9) horizontally corresponds to the bottom of the shower head (10).
10. The industrialized cutting arched shed for Belgium azalea according to claim 7, characterized in that: the sunshade cover (7) is in a round table shape with the outer wall surface being lightproof.
CN202111586765.4A 2021-12-23 2021-12-23 Industrialized cutting method for Belgium azalea and cutting arched shed Withdrawn CN114208513A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115428710A (en) * 2022-09-22 2022-12-06 苏州大学 Aquatic plant planting module and manufacturing method thereof

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115428710A (en) * 2022-09-22 2022-12-06 苏州大学 Aquatic plant planting module and manufacturing method thereof

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