CN216752983U - Two V' cultivation frame of two factories of northern grape - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a northern grape double-factory double-V cultivation frame, which comprises upright posts, cross beams, an outer frame, an inner frame, steel bar installation nodes, outer branch supporting iron wire installation nodes, inner branch supporting iron wire installation nodes, main vine supporting steel bars, outer branch supporting iron wires and inner branch supporting iron wires, wherein the upright posts are arranged on the upper surface of the outer frame; the utility model reduces the binding height of the horizontal main vine, the binding height of the young sprout and the position of the fruit for putting on life, thus reducing the management difficulty and the labor intensity of the upper and lower frames of the grapes; the binding direction of the young grape shoots has a certain included angle in the horizontal direction, so that the young grape shoots are not easy to kink and the stable yield is ensured; the cultivation frame properly reduces the height of the fruiting part, the fruit microclimate condition is more beneficial to the flowering, fruit setting and fruit development of the grapes, the fruit setting rate is improved, the fruit expansion effect is good, and the weight gain of the fruit grains is obvious.

Description

Two V' cultivation frame of two factories of northern grape

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of fruit tree cultivation shelves, in particular to a northern grape double-factory double-V cultivation shelf.

Background

Researches show that the proper tree form, leaf curtain shape and fruit distribution mode have positive effects on the aspects of fruit tree cultivation management difficulty, balanced vegetative growth and reproductive growth, fruit quality improvement, mechanical operation promotion and the like; grapes are one of the most widely managed tree species in the field of fruit trees in a frame type and a tree type, the existing grape fruit tree cultivation management mode mostly adopts a high plant-shaped horizontal leaf curtain mode of horizontal connected shed frames, a plant-shaped main vine inclined along a ditch and horizontal leaf curtain cultivation and a plant-shaped M leaf curtain mode of northern anti-sunburn plant-shaped tree type and M leaf curtain cultivation, and the two modes solve the problem of high labor intensity of the use of the traditional small shed frames, long gallery frames and upright frames to a certain extent, but the yield of the existing high plant-shaped horizontal leaf curtain mode is not easy to improve, and is lower compared with the traditional small shed frames, long gallery frames and upright frames; the binding height of the main vine and the young sprout of the existing grape is the same as that of the vertical frame, the fruit growing height is higher than the proper operation height of general labor force, and the labor force intensity is higher; when the fruit branches growing upwards are horizontally bound in spring, the fruit branches are easy to kink, and further yield reduction is easy to cause; the height of a shed frame used in the existing high plant-shaped horizontal leaf curtain mode is 1.8-2.0m, the plant spacing is 1m, the length from the base part of a main vine to the upper frame is about 2-2.3m, the length of a horizontally fruit-hanging main vine is about 1m, the length of a whole vine is 3-3.3m, the accumulated length of the main vine per mu is 570-627m, when the vine is laid down and buried in soil in autumn, 3-4 main vines are stacked in a ditch, and the amount of buried soil is large; and the varieties in arid areas and humid climatic areas in the north adopt high-rise tree forms to bloom, set fruit and have poor fruit development; therefore, the utility model of the double-factory double-V cultivation frame and the management method for northern grapes are very necessary at the present stage.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to provide a double-factory double-V cultivation frame for northern grapes, which aims to solve the problems of low yield, high labor intensity and inconvenience for soil burying and overwintering in the prior art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model provides the following technical scheme: a northern grape double-plant double-V cultivation frame comprises upright posts, cross beams, outer supports, inner supports, reinforcing steel bar installation nodes, outer branch support iron wire installation nodes, inner branch support iron wire installation nodes, main vine support reinforcing steel bars, outer branch support iron wires and inner branch support iron wires, wherein the top ends of the upright posts are fixedly connected with the cross beams, the outer supports are symmetrically and fixedly connected with the two sides of the upright posts, one ends of the outer supports are fixedly connected with the cross beams, the inner supports are fixedly connected with one sides of the outer supports, one ends of the inner supports are fixedly connected with the joints of the cross beams and the upright posts, the reinforcing steel bar installation nodes are arranged at the joints of the outer supports and the inner supports, the outer branch support iron wire installation nodes are arranged at one sides of the outer supports, the inner branch support iron wire installation nodes are arranged at one sides of the inner supports, the main vine support iron wires are fixedly connected with the reinforcing steel bar installation nodes, the outer branch support iron wires are fixedly connected with the outer branch support iron wire installation nodes, the inner branch supporting iron wire is fixedly connected to the inner branch supporting iron wire mounting node, and the two stand columns are fixedly connected through the main vine supporting steel bar, the outer branch supporting iron wire and the inner branch supporting iron wire.

Preferably, the outer support and the inner support form a double V shape in the longitudinal direction of the vineyard.

A management method of a northern grape double-factory double-V cultivation frame comprises the steps of constructing a horizontal shed frame; step two, constructing a tree shape of 'double plants'; step three, constructing a double-V-shaped blade curtain;

in the first step, firstly, the stand columns are distributed along the row direction of the vineyard, so that the cross beams are perpendicular to the row direction, the cross beams on the adjacent cultivation frames on the two sides are connected with each other, 6mm main vine supporting steel bars are horizontally spread on steel bar mounting nodes along the row direction of the vineyard, outer branch supporting iron wires are respectively spread on the outer branch supporting iron wire mounting nodes along the row direction, and inner branch supporting iron wires are respectively spread on the inner branch supporting iron wire mounting nodes along the row direction; finally, according to the solar altitude angle and the solar azimuth angle of 6-7 months in different areas, the height of the main vine supporting steel bar from the ground is adjusted, and the ears are prevented from being directly irradiated by sunlight in the fruit expanding period;

in the second step, after grape saplings are fixedly planted, when a tree shape is cultured, 2 main vines are selected to be reserved on each grape, the base parts of the main vines are inclined along the row direction, the 2 main vines respectively extend to the horizontal main vine supporting steel bars at the bottoms of the V-shaped sides towards the two sides and then are horizontally bound, 1 main vine can also be selected to be reserved, the main vines of adjacent grape saplings alternately extend to the horizontal main vine supporting steel bars at the bottoms of the V-shaped sides towards the two sides and then are horizontally bound, and the tree shape construction of double plants is realized;

in the third step, branch young shoots sprouting on the main vines are obliquely pulled to the outer branch supporting iron wire and the inner branch supporting iron wire and bound with the outer branch supporting iron wire and the inner branch supporting iron wire, along with the increase of the length of the branch young shoots, parts exceeding the outer branch supporting iron wire and the inner branch supporting iron wire freely droop, the branches on two sides are in a double V shape when observed in the planting row direction, grape branches are pruned in summer, the length of the new shoots is reserved during pruning, and the fact that grape clusters are shielded by branch blades and are not exposed to the sun in the noon is guaranteed.

Preferably, in the second step, the base part of the main vine is inclined along the row direction at an included angle of 30-60 degrees, and the binding height of the main vine is 140 cm.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that: the utility model is safe and reliable, and through the use of the double V-shaped structure support frame, 2 main vines are arranged on each grape, so that the fruit hanging position is increased, the fruit yield is increased, and the yield is improved; the management difficulty and the labor intensity of putting grapes on and off the shelf are reduced by reducing the binding height of the horizontal main vines, the binding height of the young vines and the positions where fruits are planted; the binding direction of the young grape shoots has a certain included angle in the horizontal direction, so that the young grape shoots are not easy to kink and the stable yield is ensured; the planting distance of the grape vine is 2m, the length from the base part of the main vine to the upper frame is about 1.8-2.0m, the length of the horizontally bearing fruit main vine is about 2m, the length of the whole vine is 3.8-4.0m, 95 plants are planted per mu, the length of the accumulated main vine is 361 plus 380m, when the grape vine is placed on the frame and buried with soil in autumn, 2 grape main vines are stacked, the amount of the buried soil is reduced, and the labor intensity is reduced; the total length of the tree-shaped main vines in the double plants is 3.8-4.0m, the fruiting bit length is 2.0m, the empty vines are 1.8-2.0m, and the fruiting position accounts for 50-52.6%, so that the fruit distribution space and the fruiting branch number are increased, and the yield is improved; by adopting the method, the height of the fruit part is properly reduced, the fruit area microclimate condition is more beneficial to the flowering, fruit setting and fruit development of the grapes, the fruit setting rate is obviously improved, the fruit expansion effect is good, and the weight gain of fruit grains is obvious.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a cultivation shelf according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a side sectional view of the cultivation shelf of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a comparison graph of fruit setting, fruit development and yield of representative northern grape varieties in different tree forms, wherein (i) a method suitable for horizontal continuous trellis cultivation of northern grapes-201310090870.8 effective-authorized; secondly, a cultivation frame and a cultivation method for preventing the northern grapes from sunburn, namely 201810645307.5 trial-actual trial;

in the figure: 1. a column; 2. a cross beam; 3. an outer support; 4. an inner support; 5. installing nodes on the steel bars; 6. the outer branch supports the iron wire installation node; 7. installing nodes by using inner branch supporting iron wires; 8. main vine support steel bars; 9. supporting iron wires on the outer branches; 10. the inner branch supports the iron wire.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-2, an embodiment of the present invention is shown: a northern grape double-plant double-V cultivation frame comprises an upright post 1, a cross beam 2, an outer support 3, an inner support 4, a steel bar installation node 5, an outer branch support iron wire installation node 6, an inner branch support iron wire installation node 7, a main vine support steel bar 8, an outer branch support iron wire 9 and an inner branch support iron wire 10, wherein the top end of the upright post 1 is fixedly connected with the cross beam 2, the two sides of the upright post 1 are symmetrically and fixedly connected with the outer support 3, one end of the outer support 3 is fixedly connected with the cross beam 2, one side of the outer support 3 is fixedly connected with the inner support 4, one end of the inner support 4 is fixedly connected with the joint of the cross beam 2 and the upright post 1, the joint of the outer support 3 and the inner support 4 is provided with the steel bar installation node 5, one side of the outer support iron wire installation node 6 is provided with the outer branch support iron wire, one side of the inner support 4 is provided with the inner branch support iron wire installation node 7, and the main support steel bar 8 is fixedly connected with the steel bar installation node 5, the outer branch supporting iron wire installation node 6 is fixedly connected with an outer branch supporting iron wire 9, the inner branch supporting iron wire installation node 7 is fixedly connected with an inner branch supporting iron wire 10, and the two upright columns 1 are fixedly connected through a main vine supporting steel bar 8, an outer branch supporting iron wire 9 and the inner branch supporting iron wire 10; the outer support 3 and the inner support 4 form a double V shape in the longitudinal direction of the vineyard.

Referring to fig. 3-4, an embodiment of the present invention: a management method of a northern grape double-factory double-V cultivation frame comprises the steps of constructing a horizontal shed frame; step two, constructing a tree shape of 'double plants'; step three, constructing a double-V-shaped blade curtain;

in the first step, firstly, the upright posts 1 are distributed along the row direction of the vineyard, the cross beams 2 are perpendicular to the row direction, the cross beams 2 on the adjacent cultivation shelves on the two sides are connected with each other, 6mm main vine supporting steel bars 8 are horizontally spread on the steel bar mounting nodes 5 along the row direction of the vineyard, outer branch supporting iron wires 9 are respectively spread on the outer branch supporting iron wire mounting nodes 6 along the row direction, and inner branch supporting iron wires 10 are respectively spread on the inner branch supporting iron wire mounting nodes 7 along the row direction; finally, according to the solar altitude and azimuth angles of 6-7 months in different areas, the height of the main vine support steel bar 8 from the ground is adjusted, and the ears are prevented from being directly irradiated by sunlight in the fruit expanding period;

in the second step, after grape saplings are fixedly planted, when a tree form is cultured, 2 main vines are selected and reserved for each grape, the base parts of the main vines incline along the row direction, the 2 main vines respectively extend to the V-shaped bottom from two sides and are horizontally bound after being horizontally connected with main vine supporting steel bars 8, the included angle of the base parts of the main vines inclining along the row direction is 30-60 degrees, the binding height of the main vines is 140cm, 1 main vine can also be selected and reserved, the main vines of adjacent grape vines alternately extend to the V-shaped bottom from two sides and are horizontally bound after being horizontally connected with the main vine supporting steel bars 8, and the construction of the tree form of double plants is achieved;

in the third step, branch young shoots germinating on the main vines are obliquely pulled to the outer branch supporting iron wires 9 and the inner branch supporting iron wires 10 and bound with the outer branch supporting iron wires and the inner branch supporting iron wires 10, along with the increase of the length of the branch young shoots, parts of the branches exceeding the outer branch supporting iron wires 9 and the inner branch supporting iron wires 10 freely droop, the branches on two sides are in double V shapes when observed in the fixed planting row direction, grape branches are pruned in summer, the length of the young shoots is reserved during pruning, and grape clusters are guaranteed to be shielded by branch blades and are not exposed to the sun in the noon.

Based on the above, the utility model has the advantages that when the utility model is used, firstly, the plurality of upright posts 1 are arranged in a group of two upright posts in the row direction of the vineyard, the cross beams 2 are perpendicular to the row direction, the cross beams 2 on the adjacent cultivation shelves at two sides are connected with each other, 6mm main vine supporting steel bars 8 are horizontally spread on the steel bar installation nodes 5 along the row direction of the vineyard, the outer branch supporting iron wires 9 are respectively spread on the outer branch supporting iron wire installation nodes 6 along the row direction, and the inner branch supporting iron wires 10 are respectively spread on the inner branch supporting iron wire installation nodes 7 along the row direction; finally, according to the solar altitude and azimuth angles of 6-7 months in different areas, the height of the main vine support steel bars 8 from the ground is adjusted to ensure that the clusters are not directly irradiated by sunlight in the fruit expansion period, so that the installation of one cultivation frame is completed, and at least 20 cultivation frames can be installed in each mu of vineyard; after grape saplings are planted in a fixed mode, when a tree form is cultured, 2 main vines are selected and reserved for each grape, the base portions of the main vines incline along the row direction, the 2 main vines extend to the bottom of a V-shaped part from two sides respectively and are horizontally bound after being horizontally connected with main vine supporting steel bars 8, the included angle of the base portions of the main vines inclining along the row direction is 30-60 degrees, the binding height of the main vines is 140cm, 1 main vine can also be selected and reserved, the main vines of adjacent plants alternately extend to the horizontal main vine supporting steel bars 8 at the bottom of the V-shaped part from two sides and then are horizontally bound, the construction of a double-plant tree form is achieved, and the horizontal height of the main vines determines the height relation between grape clusters and branches: when the height of the main vine supporting steel bar 8 is too high, the clusters are not sufficiently illuminated and the coloring is influenced during the color change period of the grapes in 8-9 months; when the height of the main vine supporting steel bar 8 is too low, the fruit clusters are easily exposed to direct solar light for 6-7 months to be sunburned; the branch young shoots sprouting on the main tendrils are obliquely pulled to the outer branch supporting iron wires 9 and the inner branch supporting iron wires 10 and bound with the outer branch supporting iron wires 9 and the inner branch supporting iron wires 10, along with the increase of the length of the branch young shoots, parts of the branch young shoots exceeding the outer branch supporting iron wires 9 and the inner branch supporting iron wires 10 freely droop, and the branches at two sides are in a double V shape when observed in the planting row direction, pruning grape branches in summer, reserving the length of new shoots during pruning, ensuring that branch blades can shield grape clusters from being exposed to sunlight in the noon, wherein the pruning of the branches is preferably the length which can shield the clusters from being directly irradiated by the sunlight in a time period of 13: 00-15: 00, in order to ensure the reasonable supply of photosynthetic products, each branch can shield the clusters from being directly irradiated by the sunlight by reserving more than 12 leaves, the fruit hanging position of the cultivation frame accounts for 50-52.6%, the fruit distribution space and the fruit branch number are increased, and the yield is improved; compared with the existing cultivation shelf and the novel cultivation shelf as shown in figure 4, the method of the utility model has the advantages that the height of the fruit part is properly reduced, the fruit bearing microclimate condition is more beneficial to the flowering, fruit setting and fruit development of grapes, the fruit setting rate is obviously improved, the fruit expansion effect is good, and the weight gain of fruit grains is obvious.

It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the utility model is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the utility model being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.

Claims (2)

1. The utility model provides a two V 'cultivation framves of northern grape' two factories, includes stand (1), crossbeam (2), outer support (3), inner support (4), reinforcing bar installation node (5), outer branch support iron wire installation node (6), inner branch support iron wire installation node (7), main climing support bar (8), outer branch support iron wire (9) and inner branch support iron wire (10), its characterized in that: the top end of the upright post (1) is fixedly connected with a crossbeam (2), the two sides of the upright post (1) are symmetrically and fixedly connected with outer supports (3), one ends of the outer supports (3) are fixedly connected with the crossbeam (2), one sides of the outer supports (3) are fixedly connected with inner supports (4), one ends of the inner supports (4) are fixedly connected with the joint of the crossbeam (2) and the upright post (1), the joint of the outer supports (3) and the inner supports (4) is provided with a steel bar mounting node (5), one sides of the outer supports (3) are provided with outer branch supporting iron wire mounting nodes (6), one sides of the inner supports (4) are provided with inner branch supporting iron wire mounting nodes (7), the steel bar mounting nodes (5) are fixedly connected with main vine supporting steel bars (8), the outer branch supporting iron wires (9) are fixedly connected with the outer branch supporting iron wires (6), the inner branch supporting iron wires (10) are fixedly connected with the inner branch supporting iron wires mounting nodes (7), and the two upright posts (1) are fixedly connected through a main vine supporting reinforcing steel bar (8), an outer branch supporting iron wire (9) and an inner branch supporting iron wire (10).

2. The northern grape 'double-factory double-V' cultivation rack according to claim 1, characterized in that: the outer support (3) and the inner support (4) form a double V shape in the longitudinal direction of the vineyard.

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