CN209806644U - Integral grape shed frame suitable for northern plastic greenhouse - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an integral grape shed frame suitable for a northern plastic greenhouse, which comprises four side upright posts; the concrete pouring part is arranged under the four-side upright post; the horizontal strut is welded with the four-side upright post into a whole; a hook or a nut is welded and fixed on the horizontal strut; the galvanized steel wire mesh is woven according to the position of the hook or the nut; the upright support is used for supporting the galvanized steel wire mesh; the bottom of the upright post is provided with red bricks as a lining. The matched grape vine is provided with a section of vertical trunk; two horizontal main vines separated from the upright trunks; fruiting branch groups fixed in position on the horizontal main vines; by improving fruit bearing parts of the grapes, plant diseases and insect pests are obviously reduced, pesticide spraying times are reduced, and cost is saved; the row spacing and the young shoot distance of the grape plants are widened, and ventilation is facilitated; the plant row spacing is large, the nutrient supply of the tree body has a competitive relationship, the vegetative growth of new shoots is inhibited, the labor amount for pruning in summer is reduced, and the labor input is reduced; the grape leaf curtain is beneficial to standardizing the grape leaf curtain and realizing standardized pruning.

Description

Integral grape shed frame suitable for northern plastic greenhouse

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of grape cultivation, concretely relates to whole grape trellis that is fit for big plastic greenhouse in north.

Background

The grapes are planted in the plastic greenhouse in northern China, because the grapes can be protected from soil burying and cold protection in winter, the main vines of the grapes can grow vertically, and the horizontal growth length of the main vines is relatively long and can reach more than 6 meters. The height of the grape integral shed frame is generally 1.9-2.2m, the row spacing of grape planting plants is 1.5-2.5 m multiplied by 2.0-4.0m, the planting density is obviously reduced, the extending rice of a grape planting ditch in unit area is obviously reduced, and the using amount of water and fertilizer integrated materials in a vineyard, the using amount of autumn applied base fertilizer of grapes and the using amount of pesticides are obviously reduced. By improving the height of the frame surface, the grape diseases can be effectively reduced, the fruit quality is improved, and the overall environment of the vineyard is improved.

The plastic greenhouse is a mode for planting grapes in many areas in the north of China, and mainly used frames are greenhouse frames and hedge frames. The traditional canopy frame can be divided into an inclined canopy frame and a horizontal canopy frame, the frame material is mainly of a wood structure, and the height of the inclined canopy frame is generally inclined from 130cm to 180 cm; the height of the horizontal canopy frame is generally 180cm, the plant spacing is 2.0-2.5m, and the row spacing is 4.0 m-8.0 m, the positions of the upright columns and the iron wires of the canopy frame in the two modes are not very standard, the iron wires on the surface of the canopy frame are not uniform due to the strong random positions of the upright columns and the inconsistent positions and spacing of main vines of the grapes, so that the stress on the surface of the grape trellis is uneven, and the problem of collapse caused by the increase of the fruiting weight of the grapes sometimes is also generated. The trellis is transmitted from the western and southern European grape producing areas to China, the trellis has high planting density, the row spacing of the plants is generally 0.8-1.0m multiplied by 2.0-2.5m, and the yield is high; however, when used in a plastic greenhouse, the high temperature and high humidity easily cause serious grape diseases and reduce the fruit quality. Therefore, effective reconstruction of the two grape trellis mainly used in China is imperative.

Disclosure of Invention

An object of the utility model is to provide a whole grape trellis that is fit for big plastic greenhouse in north, its characterized in that includes: an underground cement pouring part 1, a four-side upright post 2, a horizontal strut 3 welded with the four-side upright post into a whole, a welding position 4 of the upright post and the horizontal strut, a hook or a nut 5 for welding and fixing an iron wire on the horizontal strut, a No. 12 galvanized steel wire 6 fixed on the four-side upright post, a No. 14 or No. 16 galvanized steel wire 7 for supporting, a red brick 8 deposited under the vertical strut, and an upright strut 9), wherein the four-side upright post 2 is buried underground by the underground cement pouring part 1, the interval of the four-side upright post is 4.0m, a 1.5-inch galvanized steel pipe is welded and fixed with the four-side upright post at the position with the height of 2.0m into a whole to form the horizontal strut 3), hooks or nuts 5 for welding and fixing iron wires on the horizontal strut, the interval of the hooks or the nuts is determined according to the extending direction of main vines, the iron wire for fixing the main vines is 20cm lower than the integral frame surface, the spacing distance is 4m, the position is horizontal or vertical to the four-side upright post, 14 or 16 # galvanized steel wires 7 for supporting are pulled at the position of a hook or a nut, and 12 # galvanized steel wires are used at the connection position of the four-side upright post 2 and the upright post 9 to form the integral grape shed frame.

A whole grape rack that is fit for big plastic greenhouse in north, its characterized in that four sides stand is 2.5 cun galvanized steel pipe, long 2.5m, and underground is that cement is built, and the degree of depth is 0.5 m.

A whole grape rack that is fit for big-arch shelter in north, its characterized in that is on the steel pipe of connecting the four sides stand, 1 hook of every fixed distance welding or 1 nut are used for fixed iron wire, the interval of hook or nut is latitude line interval 30cm and 100cm or latitude line interval 100cm and 30 cm.

A whole grape trellis that is fit for big plastic greenhouse in north, its characterized in that highly is 1.9 meters of pillar in the middle of it, the specification is 2.0 inches, according to vineyard topography, regards as the liner thing with the red brick below the stand to guarantee that the stand effectively supports whole frame face.

A whole grape rack that is fit for big plastic greenhouse in north, the longitude and latitude zinc-plated steel wire that its characterized in that is connected with four sides stand and center pillar, the steel wire of selection is 12 numbers zinc-plated steel wires, other positions use 16 numbers zinc-plated steel wires, it is fixed to use thin iron wire between steel wire and steel wire.

A whole grape trellis that is fit for big plastic greenhouse in north, its characterized in that sets up the turnbuckle screw in the one end junction that supports the atress iron wire.

The utility model discloses more detailed description is as follows:

the utility model provides a whole grape canopy frame that is fit for northern hot house which characterized in that includes: four side columns, galvanized steel pipes with the height of 2.5m and 2.5 inches are poured underground, the columns are buried underground for 0.5m, the interval between the four side columns is 4.0m, 1.5 inches of galvanized steel pipes are used, the four side columns are welded and fixed at the position with the height of 2.0m to form a horizontal strut, hooks or nuts of iron wires are welded and fixed on the horizontal strut, the interval between the hooks or the nuts is determined according to the extending direction of main vines of grapes, the iron wires for fixing the main vines of the grapes are lower than the whole frame surface of the shed frame by 20cm, a supporting upright strut is arranged in the middle of the shed frame, the interval is 4m x 4m, the position is horizontal or vertical to the four side columns, the strut is 1.9 m higher, the galvanized steel wires are pulled at the positions of the hooks or the nuts, No. 12 galvanized steel wires are used at the positions connected with the four side columns and the upright columns to form a main supporting function, No. 16 galvanized steel wires are used at other positions to form an auxiliary supporting function, form an integral grape trellis

The utility model discloses on the steel pipe of connecting the four sides stand, 1 hook of every fixed distance welding or 1 nut are used for fixed iron wire, and the interval of hook or nut is longitude and latitude line interval 30cm and 100cm or longitude and latitude line interval 100cm and 30 cm. The height of the galvanized steel wire for binding the main vine of the grape is 20cm lower than the surface of the whole frame. The height of the middle upright post is 1.9 meters, the specification is 2.0 inches, and red bricks are used as liner objects under the upright post according to the topography of a vineyard so as to ensure that the upright post effectively supports the whole surface of the frame. The steel wire of selecting is 12 # zinc-plated steel wires, and as main supporting role, other positions use 16 # zinc-plated steel wires, play the auxiliary stay effect, and it is fixed to use thin iron wire between steel wire and the steel wire to strengthen the whole steadiness that grape trellis iron wire is connected with four sides stand and middle stand. The stringing screw is arranged at the joint of one end of the supporting stressed iron wire so as to improve the strength of the whole shed frame iron wire.

The depth of the underground cement pouring part for fixing the four-side upright post of the grape is 50cm, and the length multiplied by the width is 40cm multiplied by 40 cm.

The utility model discloses a whole grape trellis with grape four sides stand, connect fixed hook or nut on the steel pipe of four sides stand, the steel pipe, the canopy frame face longitude and latitude zinc-plated steel wire of laying according to the standard distance, support the pillar of zinc-plated steel wire, according to the different longitude and latitude of the diameter model that supports the different setting of intensity, promote the tight line screw that supports longitude and latitude intensity. A section of vertical main vine is arranged on the matched grape vine; 1 or 2 horizontal main vines for growing fruiting mother branches are separated from the vertical main vines; the distance between the iron wires parallel to the horizontal main vines is small and is 30cm, so that the binding of the fruiting new shoots of the grapes is facilitated; the fruiting part of the grape fruit is improved, the infection of the soil-borne diseases to the fruit ears and leaves is reduced, the pesticide spraying times are reduced, and the cost is saved; the row spacing and the young shoot distance of the grape plants are widened, and labor and production data cost are saved; the method is beneficial to standardizing the shape of the grape leaf curtain, realizing standardized pruning, increasing the light receiving area of the leaf curtain, improving the accumulation of photosynthetic products and improving the fruit quality. The utility model discloses required grape trellis material is few, and is easily standardized, is fit for the large tracts of land and promotes.

The utility model discloses a whole grape trellis that is fit for big plastic greenhouse in north lies in:

(1) the overall strength and the stress uniformity of the grape trellis surface are improved: the utility model discloses connect grape trellis stand all around through steel tube welding to the hook or the nut that the welding has set up fixed iron wire on the steel pipe has set up the pillar parallel with the four sides stand or vertically position, supports fixed grape trellis longitude and latitude line, makes the grape trellis form wholly, more accords with the stress position of vineyard standardization management and grapevine new shoot and fruit.

(2) The production data investment is reduced: compare with traditional rack and hedge frame, the utility model discloses a plant row spacing of grape field planting is bigger, has reduced recruitment volume and fertilizer use amount.

(3) Increase of photosynthetic product amount: compare with traditional rack and hedge frame, the utility model discloses the different festival positions of grape young shoot blade fully exposes under the sunshine, can make more sufficient photosynthetic product.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an integral grape trellis suitable for northern vinyl houses;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the position of the integral grape trellis upright support suitable for northern vinyl houses;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a grape trellis and tree form;

FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of a hedge frame and tree;

wherein:

1: underground cement pouring part 2: four-side column

3: and a horizontal strut 4 welded with the four-side upright column as a whole: welding position of upright post and horizontal strut

5: hook or nut for welding and fixing iron wire on horizontal pillar

6: no. 12 galvanized steel wire fixed on four-side upright post

7: 14 or 16 # galvanized steel wire for supporting

8: red brick settled under upright post

9: an upright post.

Detailed Description

The high, wide and vertical grape trellis suitable for northern cultivation of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The specific embodiments described below are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention.

Example 1

Is suitable for erecting the integral grape trellis of the plastic greenhouse in the north.

An integral grape trellis suitable for northern vinyl houses, comprising: the underground cement pouring part is used for fixing the grape trellis, and the depth of the underground cement pouring part is 50cm, and the length multiplied by the width is 40cm multiplied by 40 cm; the underground part of the grape trellis upright post is 50cm long; the overground part of the grape trellis upright column is 200cm long, and a 2.5-inch galvanized steel pipe is used; 1.5 inch steel pipes are welded and fixed with the four side upright columns into a whole at the position with the height of 2.0 m. On the steel pipe of connecting four sides stand, weld 1 hook or 1 nut every fixed distance and be used for fixed iron wire, the interval of hook or nut is 30cm and 100cm or 100cm and 30cm of longitude and latitude line interval. The height of the galvanized steel wire for binding the main vine of the grape is 20cm lower than the surface of the whole frame (figure 1). The height of the middle upright post is 1.9 meters, the specification is 2.0 inches, and red bricks are used as liner objects under the upright post according to the vineyard landform so as to ensure that the upright post effectively supports the whole frame surface (figure 2). The steel wire of selecting is 12 # zinc-plated steel wires, and as main supporting role, other positions use 16 # zinc-plated steel wires, play the auxiliary stay effect, and it is fixed to use thin iron wire between steel wire and the steel wire to strengthen the whole steadiness that grape trellis iron wire is connected with four sides stand and middle stand. The stringing screw is arranged at the joint of one end of the supporting stressed iron wire so as to improve the strength of the whole shed frame iron wire.

Example 2

Related vineyard environment, fruit quality, and incidence of pest.

The utility model discloses test 1 that goes on, verified that the frame illumination environment of this whole rack is superior to ordinary hedge frame: the utility model has the advantages that the distribution proportion of the high light efficiency area with 12:00 illumination distribution is obviously higher than that of a hedge frame and an inclined shed frame; utilize multiple regression analysis to show, the utility model discloses a ventilation, high shine the aspect be superior to with tilting rack.

The utility model discloses test 2 that goes on, it is superior to hedge frame and slope rack to have verified the conventional quality of grape fruit: the utility model discloses all showing superior to hedge frame and slope rack in the aspect of conventional quality measurement such as fruit total sugar, total acid, soluble solid.

The utility model discloses experiment 3 that goes on, it will be showing to be less than hedge frame and slope rack to have verified the incidence of the ordinary main fungal disease powdery mildew of big-arch shelter, white rot, anthracnose and main pest scale insect, green plant bug, thrips.

Example 3

Cultivation mode of northern inclined small shed frame

Referring to fig. 3, the utility model provides a tilting small canopy frame grape cultivation mode. The height above the ground is adopted, namely the height of the lowest end of the grape trellis is 130cm, the grape trellis inclines upwards, namely the height of the highest end of the grape trellis is 180cm, and the structure is wood. In the mode, the lowest end is too low, the highest end is too high, and the operation of a planter is inconvenient; the grower needs to change the operation posture at different height positions when pruning and picking in summer, which consumes physical power and has low working efficiency. The frame surface has an inclined angle, so that the mechanical operation cannot be carried out. Due to the inclined angle, the growth vigor of the young shoots at different positions of the plant is inconsistent, the young shoots at the front end have the top advantages, the growth vigor is vigorous, the growth vigor of the young shoots at the base part is weak, and the fruit maturity is inconsistent due to the growth vigor of different young shoots. The rack adopts east-west row directions, namely grape vines grow from north to south and from low to high, so that the light receiving of young shoots at different positions is uneven, and the light energy utilization rate is low.

Example 4

Cultivation mode of north hedge frame

Referring to fig. 4, the present invention provides a trellis grape cultivation mode. The height of the hedge frame is 160cm, the support column is a cement rod, and a frame surface is formed by galvanized steel wires.

The grape clusters are distributed at different heights, and the ripeness of the fruits is inconsistent. The young shoots grow under a relatively upright condition, so that the top advantages are easily formed, the vegetative growth inhibits the reproductive growth, and the quality of fruits is influenced; in addition, the growth of new shoots is too fast, which causes the grower to need complicated summer management and increases the labor cost and the production cost. The grape clusters have inconsistent implantation parts, and the clusters close to the ground are easily infected by soil-borne fungal diseases, so that the commodity value is lost; the fruit ears with different heights increase the labor intensity during harvesting. The fence wall type blade screen has a low effective blade screen amount and low light energy utilization efficiency.

In the case of the example 5, the following examples were conducted,

application of integral grape shed frame suitable for northern plastic greenhouse

When a garden is built in a northern grape production area, a standardized grape trellis suitable for a northern plastic greenhouse is designed, the height of the trellis surface is 200cm, and the plant-row spacing is 2.0-3.0m multiplied by 4.0-8.0 m. When the grape tree form is controlled by culture, each grape is single main vine, and the pinching height is 180 cm. And taking the germinated secondary tips after pinching as a main vine for culturing, reserving 2-4 leaves on the secondary tips for pinching, and repeatedly pinching every 2 leaves on the germinated secondary tips so as to ensure that winter buds of the horizontal main vine have enough nutrients for flower bud differentiation.

After the grapes come out of the earth in spring in the second year and before the grapes sprout, reserving new-shoot fixing positions on the galvanized steel wires on the inner side of the second layer by using special binding wires every 15 cm; after sprouting, the fruiting young shoots are led and bound to the reserved positions one by one, and each fruiting young shoot is led and bound to the horizontal frame surface. After the work is finished, the work of the grapes in the second year is mainly concentrated on flower and fruit management, and the nutritional growth of young grape shoots is inhibited due to the large load of the single grape plant, so that the aim of saving labor immediately is fulfilled.

The utility model discloses a grape vine that grape trellis used, the result highly uniform, the young shoot distributes evenly, and the leaf curtain is reasonable, and young shoot horizontal growth promotes the nutrient and concentrates to inflorescence, fruit ear, has improved the fruit quality, has alleviateed planter's intensity of labour. The problems of inconsistent fruit maturity and low light energy utilization rate of the traditional grape trellis are solved.

The utility model discloses an all framework homogeneous interconnect of grape trellis is fixed, and the simple installation, save material, the standardization level is high. The grape trellis is made of metal materials, so that the grape trellis is attractive in structure and long in service life.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides a whole grape canopy frame that is fit for northern hot house which characterized in that includes: the concrete pouring method comprises the following steps of (1) pouring underground cement, four-side upright columns (2), a horizontal strut (3), welding positions (4) of the four-side upright columns (2) and the horizontal strut, hooks or nuts (5), 12 # galvanized steel wires (6) fixed on the four-side upright columns, 14 or 16 # galvanized steel wires (7), red bricks (8) and upright struts (9);

wherein four sides stand (2) bury underground through secret cement pouring part (1), four sides stand (2) are in high 2.0m department and horizontal strut (3) welded fastening is a whole, hook or nut (5) welding is on horizontal strut (3), upright strut (9) set up in the middle of the rack, set up pad red brick (8) below upright strut (9), 14 or 16 galvanized steel wire (7) set up on hook or nut (5), form whole grape rack.

2. A one-piece grape trellis suitable for northern vinyl houses according to claim 1, wherein the upright posts (9) are spaced apart by a distance of 4m x 4m and are positioned horizontally or vertically to the four-sided posts.

3. An integral grape trellis suitable for northern vinyl houses according to claim 1, wherein the hooks or nuts (5) are welded to the horizontal struts (3) in such a way that the pitch of the hooks or nuts is determined according to the extending direction of the main vines.

4. The integral grape trellis suitable for northern vinyl houses according to claim 1, wherein the four-sided columns are 2.5 inches galvanized steel pipes, 2.5m long, and the underground is cement-cast, 0.5m deep.

5. The integral grape trellis suitable for northern vinyl houses according to claim 1, wherein the height of the upright posts (9) is 1.9 meters, and the specification is 2.0 inches; the red brick (8) of the liner is arranged under the upright post according to the vineyard terrain.

6. The integral grape trellis suitable for northern vinyl houses according to claim 1, wherein a tie screw is provided at a junction of one end supporting the stressed iron wire.

7. The integral grape trellis suitable for northern vinyl houses according to claim 1, wherein the distance between the hooks or nuts (5) is 30cm and 100cm apart or 100cm and 30cm apart.

8. The integral grape trellis suitable for northern vinyl house according to claim 1, wherein the underground cement cast part (1) has a depth of 50cm and a length x width of 40cm x 40 cm.