CN109429868A - A kind of pomegranate lew and cultural method - Google Patents
A kind of pomegranate lew and cultural method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109429868A CN109429868A CN201811448171.5A CN201811448171A CN109429868A CN 109429868 A CN109429868 A CN 109429868A CN 201811448171 A CN201811448171 A CN 201811448171A CN 109429868 A CN109429868 A CN 109429868A
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- 241000219991 Lythraceae Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 244000294611 Punica granatum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
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- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
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- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0206—Canopies, i.e. devices providing a roof above the plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/04—Supports for hops, vines, or trees
- A01G17/10—Holders for boughs or branches
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of pomegranate lew, comprising: column, crossbeam, curb girder, arch piece, Y type bracket, column divide heel post and middle standing pillar, and heel post is located at pomegranate plant row two sides, and middle standing pillar is located in pomegranate plant row, and middle standing pillar is higher than heel post；Crossbeam is set on horizontally-arranged adjacent two heel posts, arch piece is set on crossbeam, curb girder is set on vertical setting of types heel post, crossbeam tip sets top beam, and top beam is connected with middle standing pillar top；Crossbeam two sides and tip are drawn respectively reinforces steel wire, and one reinstates moorstone and is embedded in soil；Y type bracket is set by every pomegranate tree, sets bondage steel wire between bracket；Set gutter between canopy, the canopy face two sides rock that drips is located above the gutter of two sides；Plastic film overlays on canopy face.Booth structure of taking shelter from rain is simple, wide adaptability, low cost, wind resistance, rain-proof, and anti-pressure ability is strong；Pomegranate takes Y type to cultivate in canopy, and seeding row spacing and tree management were not only adapted with booth structure of taking shelter from rain, but also met requirement of the modern production of fruit trees to standardization and Labor-saving.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to facilities horticulture technical fields, and in particular to a kind of pomegranate lew and cultural method.
Background technique
Pomegranate is a kind of deciduous tree or shrub, originates from west Asia, originates in Mediterranean sea region and western part of Asia to liking horse
There are cultivation in La Ya, China very early.Pomegranate likes warm environment on the sunny side, drought-enduring, cold-resistant, also barren-resistant, but intolerant to waterlogging.Although stone
The growth period of pomegranate needs enough moisture, but florescence, fruit growth period and the excessive rainwater of fructescence are raw to pomegranate
Production has apparent adverse effect.Florescence, excessive rainfall not only influence the propagation of pollen, also influence the sprouting of pollen, final shadow
Pollination Fertilization is rung, it is low serious with fruit drop so as to cause percentage of fertile fruit；Fruit growth period excessive rainfall often results in pest and disease damage and adds
Weight；Fructescence excessive rainfall, then be easy to cause dehiscent fruit, to influence the benefit of pomegranate production.
The tradition of pomegranate cultivation is tree-like mainly to be had the happy type of nature, leads happy type, evacuation laminated devices etc. more；To dry in production
Property weaker tree it is tree-like frequently with happy type, but tree-like be easy to appear outside setting fruit position is moved, and the production on unit area is caused
Decline in benefits；The kind relatively strong to stemness, growth potential is more prosperous is tree-like frequently with evacuation laminated devices, and the tree-like usual tree body is more high
Greatly, trimming pruning workload is big, if pruning not in time or method is improper, be easy to cause nutrient growth excessively prosperous, influences reproduction
Growth reduces fruit yield and quality.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of pomegranate lew and cultural methods, so as to solve the deficiencies in the prior art.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of pomegranate lew, comprising: column, crossbeam, curb girder, arch piece, Y type bracket,
Column is divided into heel post and middle standing pillar, and heel post is located at pomegranate plant row two sides, and middle standing pillar is located at pomegranate cultivation
It plants in row, 3-4 pomegranate tree is transplanted between the adjacent two root posts of vertical setting of types, sets a middle standing pillar among adjacent four heel posts in two sides,
Heel post and middle standing pillar are both needed to be buried in the earth 30 centimetres or more, and the ground that the ground height of middle standing pillar is higher than heel post is high
Degree；Crossbeam is set on horizontally-arranged adjacent two heel posts, arch piece is set on crossbeam, curb girder is set on vertical setting of types heel post, crossbeam tip sets top
Beam, and top beam is connected with middle standing pillar top；A reinforcing steel wire is drawn at crossbeam two sides and tip respectively, and is embedded in together with moorstone
50 centimetres or less in soil；A Y type bracket is set by every pomegranate tree, sets multiple tracks bondage steel wire between vertical setting of types Y type bracket, is used for bondage branch
Group；
Gutter is equipped between lew and lew；Canopy face is to encircle round, and the canopy face two sides rock that drips is located at two sides
Above gutter；Plastic film is covered on canopy face.
Further, middle standing pillar ground height is 3.3-3.8 meters, and heel post is on the ground highly than middle standing pillar ground height
Low 0.5 ± 0.1 meter.
Further, middle standing pillar is 10-12 centimetres of diameter, the precast concrete column of 3.6-4.1 meters of height or steel pipe, side
Column is 10-12 centimetres of diameter, the precast concrete column of 3.1-3.6 meters of height or steel pipe.
Further, 8-10 meters are spaced between adjacent two heel posts of vertical setting of types, the heel post of canopy body rear and front end is being colonized
Strain is 50 centimetres or more outer.
Further, the material of crossbeam is 3 ± 0.2 centimetres of steel pipes of diameter, and crossbeam length is 3.0-4.5 meters；Curb girder and top
The material of beam is 3 ± 0.2 centimetres of steel pipes of diameter.
Further, arch piece is 4.0-6.0 meters long, the round steel pipe or 3 centimetres of wide bamboo chip systems that diameter is 2.5 centimetres
At.
Further, a height of 60-70 centimetres of the trunk of Y type bracket, vertical height are 2.0-2.5 meters, Y type bracket the first transaction of a day's business angle
60-70 ° of degree, vertical setting of types Y type bracket Jian She 3-4 road bondage steel wire are used for bondage branch group.
Further, plastic film 4.0-6.0 meters wide, 0.03-0.06 millimeters thick；Top film-pressing strip or plastic ties are by arch
Shape piece distance is fixed on arch piece both ends from plastic film, film-pressing strip or plastic ties are pushed down back and forth above.
Further, it is welded between column beam.
A method of pomegranate cultivation being carried out using pomegranate lew, is included the following steps:
Step 1, site preparation orchard establishment
It since the root system of pomegranate is shallower, avoids in air port orchard establishment, garden soil property is preferred with sandy loam, and soil thickness should be
50cm or more, arable layer take the mode of ridging or ditching whole apart from 2 meters of underground water or more, according to garden soil and drainage situation
Ground, transplanting capable width is 3.0-4.5 meter, and length has depending on garden actual conditions, between plant is capable is every a width
0.5-0.6 meters, deep 0.4 meter of gutter, conditional Pomegranate Garden can mating drip irrigation system；
Step 2, field planting
According to local climate condition and the market demand, corresponding kind is selected, takes seedlings orchard establishment, seeding row spacing is adopted as
2.0-3.0 meters × 3.5-5.0 meters；
Step 3, pruning
(1) it is tree-like use " Y " font structure: pomegranate tree field planting after away from the 60cm-100cm of ground at selection clip under 1-2
A thing bud carries out cutting back and does surely；
(2) it after spring rudiment, is removed under clip in time and sprouts evil, before entering fast growing period to pomegranate branch, i.e., by the end of May 6
The beginning of the month retains 3-5 thin and delicate branches as auxiliary support branch, remaining branch in addition to thing two young sprouts in top are cultivated as major branch
It is all thinning out, focuses on nutrition on major branch；
(3) late June when the young sprout wait give over to major branch grows to 25-30 centimetres, carries out pinching to major branch, growth-promoting branch increases
Add branch amount, two major branches are pressed 50-60 ° of branch pulling and angle opening by early August, and adjustment major branch is thing orientation, and carries out bondage, is fixed on Y
On type bracket, after late August, after young sprout completes second of fast-growth, bondage is carried out again to the young sprout for giving over to major branch；
(4) second year March in addition to major branch extends branch, remaining auxiliary support branch according to can remove, light pruning or not cut at flower situation, to
Processing adjustment is remake after fruit harvesting, specific practice is: dredging and remove major branch back, back undershoot, tiltedly raw fruitful branch is by between 10-15 centimetres
Away from staying one, it is overstocked can between dredge, remaining auxiliary support branch is thinning out, and is carried out except sprout tillers works；
(5) major branch is sagging after result changes head using back bud or branch, raises major branch angle, and by whole good branch
It is strapped on frame body；
(6) tree-like after the trimming of 2 year summer in winter to basically form, need winter pruning to update fruit-bearing shoot cluster, spring after stable yields every year
Season and summer only need bud picking to regulate and control Growth status, and the branch combination growth potential and branch direction sprouted after trimming are rationally repaired
It cuts, bondage；
The pomegranate of rain shelter cultivation, since the increment of pomegranate in lew is relatively small, rich water dosage is also corresponding to be reduced, other
The same outdoor cropping of fertilizer and water management.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1, gutter is equipped between lew of the present invention, and the rock that drips of canopy face two sides is located above the gutter of two sides,
Rainwater can be dropped in gutter, effectively reduce influence of the ponding to pomegranate root system and Growth status around tree crown.
2, the pomegranate of rain shelter cultivation of the present invention takes wide row more seedlings mode, and the width in canopy face is according to line width come really
It is fixed, so that space is fully utilized in lew.
3, of the invention since pomegranate tree body is relatively low, and cultivated using Y type, the height of pomegranate production is effectively reduced,
The height of lew can be designed according to tree body height, therefore the height of pomegranate lew is relatively low, and not only reduce canopy
Construction cost, and windburn can be prevented.
4, of the invention since pomegranate itself has apparent trunk, it is relatively small to the dependence of frame body, to the place Jian Peng
Topography requires few (can be level land, be also possible to gentle slope), the length requirement of canopy also quite flexible.It can be suitble to different site
The pomegranate rain shelter cultivation of condition.
5, the present invention due to pomegranate tree itself stemness, in addition the support of Y type bracket, to lew inner column not according to
Rely, therefore the quantity of column is relatively fewer, the construction cost of canopy also reduces accordingly.
6, soil moisture is relatively small in lew of the present invention, and the year increment of tree body is also relatively small, to the need of rich water
The amount of asking is also relatively fewer；Not only soil moisture is smaller in lew, and air humidity is also relatively small, can substantially reduce the hair of disease
It is raw, reduce the use of pesticide and chemical fertilizer.
7, rain shelter cultivation of the present invention reduces sunlight to the direct irradiation of pomegranate fruit, avoids and burns now fruit surface day
The generation of elephant has apparent effect to the quality improving of the Yi Zhuo kinds such as safflower jade seed, white flower jade seed.
8, pomegranate tree is intolerant tree species, and Y type pergola system can satisfy demand of the growth result to illumination, avoid because
Tree crown base portion baldness caused by illumination is bad increases result area, improves fruit quality.
9, the tree-like design of pomegranate also takes full advantage of the growth characteristic of pomegranate in pomegranate lew of the present invention: (1) utilizing
The high feature of pomegranate germination rate takes two trunks the characteristics of light using double trunk slender spindle types tree-like (2) using pomegranate
Spread-type is tree-like, by Y type shaping, can efficiently use light, improve the efficiency of light energy utilization.The pruning of " the double trunks of Y-shaped are tree-like "
Mode is exactly to carry out the branch on two trunks according to slender spindle like in fact, compared with conventional single trunk shape, double trunks
Shape is easier to control tree vigo(u)r, is conducive to tree-like culture and maintains, is trimmed in conjunction with lew, be conducive to tree-like management, high yield
Stable yields can effectively reduce soft rot, and the generation of dry rot, lew plant is with hat width (result wall) is narrow, illumination is good, yield
It is high, fruit quality is good, pruning is taken a lot of work less, suitable mechanical flower thinning and the advantages that mechanical trimming.
10, the Y type cultivation taken in the cultural method that pomegranate lew of the present invention combines, after early period completes trimming, after
It is annual only to carry out fruit-bearing shoot cluster update, it is relatively easy not only to rebuild pruning method, but also save labor, meets very much modern height
Imitate the needs of Orchard Construction.
11, pomegranate rain shelter cultivation not only can to avoid the florescence because Pollination Fertilization it is bad caused by fruit drop and fruit growth
The dehiscent fruit problem in later period, can also reduce the generation of rainy season in summer pest and disease damage, reduce the utilization rate of pesticide.According to rain shelter cultivation spy
Point, the correspondence efficiency cultivation technology for high taken can make full use of the light feature of pomegranate, improve fruit quality.
12, the features such as present invention is shallow according to pomegranate root system, resistance to overhead flooding injury is poor, and germination rate is high, hair principal stresses is strong, invention is taken shelter from rain
Canopy, the lew have structure simple, wide adaptability (of less demanding to landform), low cost, wind resistance, rain-proof, and anti-pressure ability is strong
The advantages that；Y type cultivation mode is taken in the cultivation of corresponding pomegranate, cultivate seeding row spacing and tree management both with the knot of lew
Structure is adapted, and meets the requirement in modern production of fruit trees to standardization and Labor-saving, not only technically simple, is also saved labor,
To improving, yield and quality is significant.Posture rain shelter cultivation can guarantee pomegranate fruit quality, reduce Pesticide use, subtract
This synergy, guarantee are got bumper crops year after year.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is schematic structural view of the invention (single canopy, do not transplant pomegranate tree).
Fig. 2 is schematic structural view of the invention (single canopy transplants pomegranate tree).
Fig. 3 is diagrammatic cross-section of the present invention (single canopy, do not transplant pomegranate tree).
Fig. 4 is diagrammatic cross-section of the present invention (single canopy transplants pomegranate tree).
Fig. 5 is diagrammatic cross-section of the present invention (multiple canopies, do not transplant pomegranate tree).
Fig. 6 is diagrammatic cross-section of the present invention (multiple canopies transplant pomegranate tree).
1 arch piece, 2 crossbeams, 3 curb girders, 4 heel posts, 5 pomegranate trees, 6 gutters, 7 reinforce steel wires, 8 moorstones, 9 intermediolateral columns,
10Y type bracket, 11 bondage steel wires, 12 top beams.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is done below with reference to embodiment and attached drawing and is further explained.The following example is merely to illustrate this hair
It is bright, but be not used to limit practical range of the invention.
A kind of pomegranate lew, as shown in figures 1 to 6, comprising: column, crossbeam 2, curb girder 3, arch piece 1, Y type bracket 10.
Column is divided into heel post 4 and middle standing pillar 9, heel post 4 be 10-12 centimetres of diameter, 3.1-3.6 meters of height it is prefabricated
Concrete column or steel pipe, heel post 4 are located at pomegranate plant row two sides, and middle standing pillar 9 is 10-12 centimetres of diameter, height 3.6-4.1
The precast concrete column or steel pipe of rice, middle standing pillar 9 are located in pomegranate plant row, and heel post 4 and middle standing pillar 9 are both needed to be earthed
In 30 centimetres or more, the ground of middle standing pillar 9 height is 3.3-3.8 meters, the ground of the ground height of heel post 4 than middle standing pillar 9
Upper height is 0.5 ± 0.1 meter low.It is spaced 8-10 meters between the adjacent two root posts of vertical setting of types, transplants 3-4 pomegranate tree 5, canopy body front and back two
The heel post 4 at end sets a middle standing pillar 9 among adjacent four heel posts 4 in two sides 50 centimetres or more outside field planting strain.It is horizontally-arranged adjacent
Crossbeam 2 is set on two heel posts 4, the material of crossbeam 2 is 3 ± 0.2 centimetres of steel pipes of diameter, and 2 length of crossbeam is 3.0-4.5 meters.It is horizontal
Arch piece 1 is set on beam 2, arch piece 1 is round steel pipe or 3 centimetres of wide bamboo chip systems 4.0-6.0 meters long, that diameter is 2.5 centimetres
At.Curb girder 3 is set on vertical setting of types heel post 4, the material of curb girder 3 is 3 ± 0.2 centimetres of steel pipes of diameter.2 tip of crossbeam sets top beam 12, and
Top beam 12 is connected with 9 top of middle standing pillar, and the material of top beam 12 is 3 ± 0.2 centimetres of steel pipes of diameter.It is welded between column beam.Crossbeam 2
A reinforcing steel wire 7 is drawn at two sides and tip respectively, and is embedded in soil 50 centimetres or less with moorstone 8 together.It is set by every pomegranate tree 5
One Y type bracket 10, a height of 60-70 centimetres of the trunk of Y type bracket, vertical height is 2.0-2.5 meters a height of, Y type bracket spreading angle
60-70 °, 10 Jian She 3-4 road bondage steel wire 11 of vertical setting of types Y type bracket is used for bondage branch group.
Gutter 6 is equipped between lew and lew.Canopy face is to encircle round, and the canopy face two sides rock that drips is located at two sides
6 top of gutter.Plastic film is covered on canopy face, 4.0-6.0 meters of plastic film wide, 0.03-0.06 millimeters thicks；Top pressure
Film strips or plastic ties are fixed on 1 liang of arch piece from plastic film, film-pressing strip or plastic ties are pushed down back and forth above by 1 distance of arch piece
End.
A method of pomegranate cultivation being carried out using pomegranate lew, is included the following steps:
Step 1, site preparation orchard establishment
It since the root system of pomegranate is shallower, avoids in air port orchard establishment, garden soil property is preferred with sandy loam, and soil thickness should be
50cm or more, arable layer take the mode of ridging or ditching whole apart from 2 meters of underground water or more, according to garden soil and drainage situation
Ground, transplanting capable width is 3.0-4.5 meter, and length has depending on garden actual conditions, between plant is capable is every a width
0.5-0.6 meters, deep 0.4 meter of gutter, the conditional mating drip irrigation system of Pomegranate Garden；
Step 2, field planting
According to local climate condition and the market demand, corresponding kind is selected, takes seedlings orchard establishment, seeding row spacing is adopted as
2.0-3.0 meters × 3.5-5.0 meters；
Step 3, pruning
(1) it is tree-like use " Y " font structure: pomegranate tree field planting after away from the 60cm-100cm of ground at selection clip under 1-2
A thing bud carries out cutting back and does surely；
(2) it after spring rudiment, is removed under clip in time and sprouts evil, before entering fast growing period to pomegranate branch, i.e., by the end of May 6
The beginning of the month retains 3-5 thin and delicate branches as auxiliary support branch, remaining branch in addition to thing two young sprouts in top are cultivated as major branch
It is all thinning out, focuses on nutrition on major branch；
(3) late June when the young sprout wait give over to major branch grows to 25-30 centimetres, carries out pinching to major branch, growth-promoting branch increases
Add branch amount, two major branches are pressed 50-60 ° of branch pulling and angle opening by early August, and adjustment major branch is thing orientation, and carries out bondage, is fixed on Y
On type bracket, after late August, after young sprout completes second of fast-growth, bondage is carried out again to the young sprout for giving over to major branch；
(4) second year March in addition to major branch extends branch, remaining auxiliary support branch according to can remove, light pruning or not cut at flower situation, to
Processing adjustment is remake after fruit harvesting, specific practice is: dredging and remove major branch back, back undershoot, tiltedly raw fruitful branch is by between 10-15 centimetres
Away from staying one, it is overstocked can between dredge, remaining auxiliary support branch is thinning out, and is carried out except sprout tillers works；
(5) major branch is sagging after result changes head using back bud or branch, raises major branch angle, and by whole good branch
It is strapped on frame body；
(6) tree-like after the trimming of 2 year summer in winter to basically form, need winter pruning to update fruit-bearing shoot cluster, spring after stable yields every year
Season and summer only need bud picking to regulate and control Growth status, and the branch combination growth potential and branch direction sprouted after trimming are rationally repaired
It cuts, bondage；
The pomegranate of rain shelter cultivation, since the increment of pomegranate in lew is relatively small, rich water dosage is also corresponding to be reduced, other
The same outdoor cropping of fertilizer and water management.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of pomegranate lew characterized by comprising column, crossbeam, curb girder, arch piece, Y type bracket,
Column is divided into heel post and middle standing pillar, and heel post is located at pomegranate plant row two sides, and middle standing pillar is located at pomegranate plant row
It is interior, 3-4 pomegranate tree is transplanted between the adjacent two root posts of vertical setting of types, sets a middle standing pillar among adjacent four heel posts in two sides, it is edge-on
Column and middle standing pillar are both needed to be buried in the earth 30 centimetres or more, and the ground height of middle standing pillar is higher than the ground height of heel post；It is horizontal
It arranges and sets crossbeam on adjacent two heel posts, arch piece is set on crossbeam, curb girder is set on vertical setting of types heel post, crossbeam tip sets top beam, and
Top beam is connected with middle standing pillar top；A reinforcing steel wire is drawn at crossbeam two sides and tip respectively, and is embedded in soil with moorstone together
50 centimetres or less；A Y type bracket is set by every pomegranate tree, sets multiple tracks bondage steel wire between vertical setting of types Y type bracket, is used for bondage branch group；
Gutter is equipped between lew and lew；Canopy face be encircle it is round, canopy face two sides drip rock be located at two sides draining
Above ditch；Plastic film is covered on canopy face.
2. pomegranate lew according to claim 1, which is characterized in that height is 3.3-3.8 meters to middle standing pillar on the ground, side
Height is 0.5 ± 0.1 meter low on the ground than middle standing pillar for height on the ground for column.
3. pomegranate lew according to claim 1, which is characterized in that middle standing pillar is 10-12 centimetres of diameter, height
3.6-4.1 meters of precast concrete column or steel pipe, heel post are the precast concrete of 10-12 centimetres of diameter, 3.1-3.6 meters of height
Column or steel pipe.
4. pomegranate lew according to claim 1, which is characterized in that be spaced 8-10 between adjacent two heel posts of vertical setting of types
Rice, the heel post of canopy body rear and front end is 50 centimetres or more outside field planting strain.
5. pomegranate lew according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the material of crossbeam is 3 ± 0.2 centimetres of steel of diameter
Pipe, crossbeam length are 3.0-4.5 meters；The material of curb girder and top beam is 3 ± 0.2 centimetres of steel pipes of diameter.
6. pomegranate lew according to claim 1, which is characterized in that arch piece is 4.0-6.0 meters long, diameter 2.5
Centimetre round steel pipe or 3 centimetres of wide bamboo chips be made.
7. pomegranate lew according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the trunk of Y type bracket is 60-70 centimetres high, vertically
Height is 2.0-2.5 meters, 60-70 ° of spreading angle of Y type bracket, and vertical setting of types Y type bracket Jian She 3-4 road bondage steel wire is used for bondage branch
Group.
8. pomegranate lew according to claim 1, which is characterized in that 4.0-6.0 meters of wide, 0.03-0.06 of plastic film
Millimeters thick；Top film-pressing strip or plastic ties are by arch piece distance from pushing down plastic film, film-pressing strip or plastic ties back and forth above
It is fixed on arch piece both ends.
9. pomegranate lew according to claim 1, which is characterized in that welded between column beam.
10. a kind of method for carrying out pomegranate cultivation using pomegranate lew, which comprises the steps of:
Step 1, site preparation orchard establishment
Since the root system of pomegranate is shallower, avoid in air port orchard establishment, garden soil property is preferred with sandy loam, soil thickness should 50cm with
On, arable layer takes the mode site preparation of ridging or ditching according to garden soil and drainage situation apart from 2 meters of underground water or more, plants
The width for planting row is 3.0-4.5 meters, and for length depending on garden actual conditions, having between plant row every a width is 0.5-0.6
Rice, deep 0.4 meter of gutter, the conditional mating drip irrigation system of Pomegranate Garden；
Step 2, field planting
According to local climate condition and the market demand, corresponding kind is selected, takes seedlings orchard establishment, seeding row spacing is adopted as 2.0-
3.0 meters × 3.5-5.0 meters；
Step 3, pruning
(1) tree-like " Y " font structure that uses: after pomegranate tree field planting away from selected the 60cm-100cm of ground under clip 1-2 it is eastern
Western bud carries out cutting back and does surely；
(2) it after spring rudiment, is removed under clip in time and sprouts evil, before entering fast growing period to pomegranate branch, i.e., at the beginning of 6 months by the end of May,
In addition to thing two young sprouts in top are cultivated as major branch, retain 3-5 thin and delicate branches as auxiliary support branch, remaining branch is all dredged
Fall, focuses on nutrition on major branch；
(3) late June when the young sprout wait give over to major branch grows to 25-30 centimetres, carries out pinching to major branch, growth-promoting branch increases branch
Two major branches are pressed 50-60 ° of branch pulling and angle opening by amount, early August, and adjustment major branch is thing orientation, and carries out bondage, is fixed on Y type branch
On frame, after late August, after young sprout completes second of fast-growth, bondage is carried out again to the young sprout for giving over to major branch；
(4) remaining auxiliary support branch at flower situation according to that can remove, light pruning or not cut, to fruit in addition to major branch extends branch second year March
Processing adjustment is remake after harvesting, specific practice is: dredging and remove major branch back, back undershoot, tiltedly raw fruitful branch is stayed by 10-15 centimetres of spacing
One, it is overstocked can between dredge, remaining auxiliary support branch is thinning out, and is carried out except sprout tillers works；
(5) major branch is sagging after result changes head using back bud or branch, raises major branch angle, and by whole good branch bondage
On frame body；
(6) by 2 year summer in winter trimming after it is tree-like basically form, needed every year after stable yields winter pruning update fruit-bearing shoot cluster, spring and
Summer only needs bud picking to regulate and control Growth status, and the branch combination growth potential sprouted after trimming and branch direction carry out rational pruning, tie up
It ties up；
The pomegranate of rain shelter cultivation, since the increment of pomegranate in lew is relatively small, rich water dosage is also corresponding to be reduced, other rich water
Manage same outdoor cropping.
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| CN111602547A (en) * | 2020-06-12 | 2020-09-01 | 福建省农业科学院果树研究所 | Simple rain-sheltering cultivation facility for peach trees and building method thereof |
| CN111657034A (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2020-09-15 | 南京荣坤生态农业有限公司 | Method for rain-sheltering cultivation of pomegranate in high-temperature and high-humidity area |
| CN112438149A (en) * | 2020-11-14 | 2021-03-05 | 中国科学院武汉植物园 | Protection device for preventing soft date kiwi fruit from being damaged by late spring cold |
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