CN112438149B - Method for preventing damage of actinidia arguta due to cold in spring - Google Patents
Method for preventing damage of actinidia arguta due to cold in spring Download PDFInfo
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- CN112438149B CN112438149B CN202011273981.9A CN202011273981A CN112438149B CN 112438149 B CN112438149 B CN 112438149B CN 202011273981 A CN202011273981 A CN 202011273981A CN 112438149 B CN112438149 B CN 112438149B
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- arch
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- cross beam
- upright post
- fixed
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- 244000298800 Actinidia arguta Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 235000016416 Actinidia arguta Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000013039 cover film Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002420 orchard Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000002595 cold damage Effects 0.000 description 5
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000219068 Actinidia Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000298697 Actinidia deliciosa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009436 Actinidia deliciosa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0231—Tunnels, i.e. protective full coverings for rows of plants
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Greenhouses (AREA)
- Protection Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preventing the damage of actinidia arguta due to cold in the back spring, which comprises the following steps: the upright post is vertically fixed on the ground; the cross beam is fixed at the position of the upright post close to the top, forms a T-shaped frame together with the upright post, and pulls steel wires on the cross beam along the planting ridge direction to form a frame surface; the arch structure is fixed at the top of the upright post, the steel wire is pulled along the planting ridge direction to form an arch surface, and two ends of the arch structure are respectively provided with a film pressing groove arranged along the planting ridge direction; the ground anchor structure comprises a weight, wherein the weight is bundled with steel strands to be buried underground and is connected with the T-shaped frame and the arch structure through steel wires; and the covering film is covered on the arch surface of the arch structure. The invention has easy disassembly and assembly, relatively low cost and good effect of preventing the reverse spring cold, is suitable for large-scale commercial orchards, can be used for rain-sheltering cultivation and preventing stem-based rot caused by low temperature by moderate adjustment, and can solve the problem of the frequent reverse spring cold hazard of the actinidia arguta in the current 30-50-DEG dimension or mountain area.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of kiwi fruit planting, and particularly relates to a method for preventing the damage of actinidia arguta due to cold in the back spring.
Background
Actinidia arguta is a novel commercial fruit on the international and domestic markets and has great economic value. The actinidia arguta is the second largest cultivar of actinidia, extremely cold-resistant and convenient to eat, and is the first choice type of the actinidia arguta industry development in northern China.
The northern area of China belongs to the suitable production area of actinidia arguta, has excellent photo-thermal, soil and climate conditions, and has good development space and commercial advantages. The main cultivation area of the actinidia arguta is distributed at 30-50 ℃ in north latitude, but the area is just an area where agricultural production is frequently damaged by the cold of the spring, and in the European countries such as Poland, belgium, ukelan and the like where the actinidia arguta is mainly cultivated, the yield is often reduced due to the cold of the spring in recent years, and the loss is huge; in northeast and north China, the actinidia arguta starts to develop rapidly, and the actinidia arguta is taken as a concentrated area and rapidly extends to the peripheral suitable area, and the area of the actinidia arguta is over 3 ten thousand acres.
However, in the period from 2012 to 9 in 2020, there is excessive cold in spring in six years, wherein low-temperature extreme weather below minus 3 degrees appears in 2014, 2019 and 2020 between 4 months 20 and 5 months 6, so that all flowers and buds just grown out are frostbitten, the yield of the actinidia arguta orchard is reduced by more than 80% in the current year, and huge losses are caused to fruit farmers.
At present, some farmers smoke, spray water and the like, but the effect is not ideal. There is no effective solution in the market either. There is an urgent need to explore a relatively scientific and simple technical measure to solve the problem.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the defects existing in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide the method for preventing the reverse spring cold hazard of the actinidia arguta, which has the advantages of simple materials, easy disassembly and assembly, relatively low cost and good reverse spring cold prevention effect, is suitable for the application of large-scale commercial orchards, can be used for rain-sheltering cultivation and the prevention of stem-based rot caused by low temperature, and can solve the current reverse spring cold hazard frequently generated by the actinidia arguta in 30-50-degree dimension or mountain areas.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical measures:
a method for preventing the damage of the reverse spring and cold of actinidia arguta can block the air convection and maintain the ground temperature, and a protection device for preventing the damage of the reverse spring and cold of actinidia arguta is adopted, and the protection device for preventing the damage of the reverse spring and cold of actinidia arguta comprises: the upright posts are vertically fixed on the ground and are distributed at intervals along the length direction of the planting ridge; the cross beam is fixed at the position of the upright post close to the top, forms a T-shaped frame together with the upright post, and pulls steel wires on the cross beam along the planting ridge direction to form a frame surface; the arch structure is fixed at the top of the upright post, the steel wire is pulled along the planting ridge direction to form an arch surface, and two ends of the arch structure are respectively provided with a film pressing groove arranged along the planting ridge direction; the ground anchor structure comprises a weight, wherein the weight is bundled with steel strands to be buried underground and is connected with the T-shaped frame and the arch structure through steel wires; and the covering film is covered on the arch surface of the arch structure.
Preferably, the arch structure comprises a galvanized pipe bent into an arch and two supporting pipes, the middle of the arched galvanized pipe is fixed at the top end of the upright post by a buckle, and the two end parts of the arched galvanized pipe are fixed at the two ends of the cross beam by buckles; the upper ends of the two support pipes are respectively fixed at two sides of the top of the arched galvanized pipe by buckles, and the lower ends of the two support pipes are fixed at the junction of the upright post and the cross beam.
Furthermore, round holes are formed in the upright posts and the cross beams, and the two round holes are aligned and then screwed up by screws to form a T-shaped structure.
Optionally, the steel strands of the ground anchor structure are fixed on the shelves at two ends of each planting ridge through steel wires, 7 steel wires which are uniformly distributed are adopted on the cross beam, and 9 steel wires which are uniformly distributed are adopted on the arch structure.
Further, a single steel wire is pulled on the cross beam at intervals of 50cm along the length direction of the planting ridge, 7 steel wires are pulled on the frame surface in total, and the cross beam is tensioned and locked for supporting the actinidia arguta branches and tendrils; and a single steel wire is pulled along the length direction of the planting ridge at intervals in the arc direction of the arched galvanized pipe, 9 steel wires are pulled on the arch frame surface in total, and the arch frame surface is tensioned and locked for supporting the covering film.
Optionally, the film pressing grooves are longitudinally arranged at the first steel wire at the left side and the second steel wire at the right side of each arch structure.
Further, the films on two sides of the covering film drop to the ground, and the middle films of other rows are stretched and pressed in the film pressing groove.
Optionally, the upright posts are formed by galvanized square pipes with 40mm by 60mm by 3.0mm, and the length of each upright post is 3.4m, wherein the upright posts are buried under the ground by 0.6m and above the ground by 2.8m; the cross beam is composed of galvanized square pipes 40mm 60mm 2.5mm, and the length of a single cross beam is 3m.
Compared with the prior art, the method for preventing the cold damage of actinidia arguta in the spring has the following beneficial effects and advantages:
(1) The protection device has the advantages of simple structure, durability, long-term use after once installation during garden construction, good effect of preventing the cold of the spring, and suitability for large-area popularization.
(2) Can effectively solve the problems of flower bud damage, yield reduction and absolute yield of the actinidia arguta caused by the cold of the back spring in spring, and reduce the economic loss caused by the cold of the back spring for vast growers.
(3) The invention can roll up the covers on two sides, only the covers on the arch structure are reserved, and a rain-shielding cultivation mode is formed, so that the fruit quality is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a side view of a T-frame and arch of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a side view of the T-frame, arch and ground anchor structure of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a top view of the T-frame, arch and ground anchor structure of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a front view of the T-frame, arch and ground anchor structure of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a top view of the frame surface formed by pulling steel wires on the cross beams along the planting ridge direction.
Fig. 6 is a top view of an arch surface formed by pulling a wire over an arch structure in the direction of a planting ridge in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a side view of the present invention after two adjacent arches are covered with a cover film.
Detailed Description
The method for preventing the cold damage of actinidia arguta according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1 to 7.
In order to prevent the damage of the reverse spring and cold of the spring in northern and mountain areas to the flower buds of actinidia arguta, and in combination with the actinidia arguta setting structure, as shown in fig. 1-7, the invention provides a method for preventing the reverse spring and cold damage of actinidia arguta, which adopts a protection device for preventing the reverse spring and cold damage of actinidia arguta, and the protection device for preventing the reverse spring and cold damage of actinidia arguta mainly comprises the following five parts:
upright post 10: the galvanized square pipe with the diameter of 40mm and 60mm and the diameter of 3.0mm is cut off directly according to the diameter of 3.4m, wherein the galvanized square pipe is buried under the ground by 0.6m and is 2.8m high above the ground.
Beam 20: the galvanized square tube with 40mm 60mm 2.5mm is cut off directly according to 3m, and the steel wire is pulled longitudinally to form a frame surface.
An arch structure: the galvanized pipe with the diameter of 32mm and the diameter of 2.0mm is directly cut off according to 3.82m and bent into an arch, the parallel heights of the arch top and the arch bottom differ by 1m, two supporting pipes are respectively arranged at the positions of 850 mm towards two sides in the middle of the arch top of the arched galvanized pipe, the lower ends of the supporting pipes are fixed at the intersection of 1.8m of the upright post and the cross beam, and two longitudinal film pressing grooves are respectively arranged at two ends of the arch frame.
Ground anchor structure: the 15kg cement block (weight) 40 is bundled with steel strands which are buried under the ground for 1.5m depth, and the steel strands are tied with dead knot buckles to expose the ground for 10cm.
Cover film 50: consists of a 0.1mm polyvinyl chloride film, and is cut directly according to the set size.
Firstly, cutting galvanized square pipes with the length of 40mm and 60mm and the length of 3.0mm into 3.4m, standing a stand column 10 every 4m along the length direction of a planting ridge, burying the stand column in the ground by 0.6m, setting round holes with the diameter of 1cm at the position of 1.8m, determining the number of stand columns needed in each row according to the length of the ridge, and suggesting that the length of the ridge does not exceed 150m. Cut into 3m length with 40mm 60mm 2.5mm galvanized square pipe, and set up 1cm direct round hole in centre 1.5m department, this round hole aligns with the round hole of 1.8m department on the stand and screws down, forms a T type structure.
A galvanized pipe with the length of 32mm being 2.0mm is cut into a piece with the length of 3.82m, two galvanized pipes with the length of 1.25m and the length of 1.25m are used as support pipes 31, the galvanized pipe with the length of 3.82m is bent into an arch, the parallel distance between the arch top and the arch bottom is 1m, the arch structure is that the arch top is at the position of 2.8m from the ground, the arch height is 1m, the span is 3m, the arch bottom is 1.8m from the ground, the middle of the arched galvanized pipe 30 is fixed at the position of 2.8m at the top end of a stand column by a buckle, two ends of the arched galvanized pipe 30 are fixed at two ends of a cross beam by a buckle, and meanwhile, the lower ends of the two support pipes 31 are fixed at the position of 1.8m by screws, and the upper ends of the two support pipes 31 are respectively fixed at the positions of 850 mm on two sides of the peak points of the arched galvanized pipe 30 by a buckle.
The ground anchor structure is that 1.5m away from the outer sides of two sections of upright posts, the depth is 1.5m, 1.5m deep pits are dug at the outer sides of the two sections of upright posts of each planting ridge, 15kg of heavy cement blocks 40 are tied by steel strands with the diameter of 0.8cm, dead knots are tied and placed in the pits, the steel strands are tied and looped to expose the ground for 10cm, and the pits are buried by soil and compacted. The steel strands are used for fixing the frames at the two ends of each planting ridge through steel wires 60, 7 steel wires are used on the cross beam, 9 steel wires are used on the arch structure, and the frames are uniformly distributed and firmly fixed.
A single steel wire with the thickness of 2.0mm is longitudinally pulled on the cross beam 20 (along the direction of planting ridges) at intervals of 50cm to form a frame surface, 7 steel wires 70 are pulled on the frame surface in total, and the frame surface is tightly tensioned and locked for supporting the branches and tendrils of actinidia arguta.
And respectively pulling a single steel wire with the thickness of 2.0mm longitudinally (along the direction of a planting ridge) at the arch top position and the arch top position on the arch structure to the positions of 461 mm, 884 mm, 1234 mm and 1449 mm respectively to form an arch surface, and pulling 9 steel wires 80 on the arch surface to tighten and lock the steel wires for supporting the covering material.
In addition, at the first steel wire at the left side of the arch structure, a film pressing groove of 2.0mm by 1.0mm is longitudinally arranged at the second steel wire at the right side, but each group of the rightmost film pressing grooves is arranged at the first steel wire.
The polyvinyl chloride film is cut according to the size of the arch structure, covers the arch structure, takes every five rows of frames as a group to form a whole, and the films on two sides drop to the ground, and the middle films of other rows are stretched and pressed in the film pressing groove.
The method is suitable for orchards: is suitable for the places with 30-50 degrees of north latitude, long spring in the northern China or the mountain area, wide periphery, large air quantity, low topography and easy damage by the cold of the back spring.
Before the spring is in the cold state, every 5 rows of films are connected independently, the butt-joint buckles the film pressing groove, the 5 rows of films become independent spaces, the surrounding films are covered and drop to the ground to form a closed small environment, and the convection of cold and hot air during air flow is blocked, so that heat near the ground is not easy to dissipate, and the actinidia arguta tree body and buds are protected from being damaged by cold air. After the cold season of the spring is over, the inter-row connection is opened, the film is fixed by using the clamping groove, the arch surface film is reserved, and the rain-sheltering cultivation is formed, or the film is removed completely.
While the invention has been described with respect to specific embodiments thereof, it will be appreciated that the invention is not limited thereto, but is intended to cover modifications and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (2)
1. A method for preventing the risk of reverse spring cold of actinidia arguta, which adopts a protection device for preventing the risk of reverse spring cold of actinidia arguta, the protection device for preventing the risk of reverse spring cold of actinidia arguta comprising:
the upright posts are vertically fixed on the ground and are distributed at intervals along the length direction of the planting ridge;
the cross beam is fixed at the position of the upright post close to the top, forms a T-shaped frame together with the upright post, and pulls steel wires on the cross beam along the planting ridge direction to form a frame surface;
the arch structure is fixed at the top of the upright post, the steel wire is pulled along the planting ridge direction to form an arch surface, and two ends of the arch structure are respectively provided with a film pressing groove arranged along the planting ridge direction;
the ground anchor structure comprises a weight, wherein the weight is bundled with steel strands to be buried underground and is connected with the T-shaped frame and the arch structure through steel wires;
a cover film covering the arch surface of the arch structure;
the film pressing grooves are longitudinally arranged at the first steel wire at the left side and the second steel wire at the right side of each arch structure;
the films on two sides of the covering film drop to the ground, and other middle films are stretched and pressed in the film pressing groove;
before the cold of the spring comes, every 5 rows of films are connected independently, the butt joint buckles the film pressing groove, the 5 rows of films are independent spaces, the surrounding films are covered and drop to the ground to form a closed small environment, the convection of cold and hot air during the air flow is blocked, the heat near the ground is not easy to dissipate, the actinidia arguta tree body and buds are protected from being damaged by cold air, after the cold of the spring comes to the end, the inter-row connection is opened, the films are fixed by using the clamping grooves, and the arch surface films are reserved to form rain-shielding cultivation, or the films are removed completely;
the arch structure comprises a galvanized pipe and two supporting pipes which are bent into an arch shape, the middle of the arched galvanized pipe is fixed at the top end of the upright post by a buckle, and the two end parts of the arched galvanized pipe are fixed at the two ends of the cross beam by the buckle;
the upper ends of the two support pipes are respectively fixed at two sides of the top of the arched galvanized pipe by buckles, and the lower ends of the two support pipes are fixed at the junction of the upright post and the cross beam;
round holes are formed in the upright post and the cross beam, and the two round holes are aligned and then screwed up by screws to form a T-shaped structure;
the steel strands of the ground anchor structure are fixed on the frames at the two ends of each planting ridge through steel wires, 7 steel wires which are uniformly distributed are adopted on the cross beam, and 9 steel wires which are uniformly distributed are adopted on the arch structure;
a single steel wire is pulled on the cross beam at intervals of 50cm along the length direction of the planting ridge, 7 steel wires are pulled on the frame surface in total, and the cross beam is tensioned and locked for supporting the actinidia arguta branches and tendrils;
and a single steel wire is pulled along the length direction of the planting ridge at intervals in the arc direction of the arched galvanized pipe, 9 steel wires are pulled on the arch frame surface in total, and the arch frame surface is tensioned and locked for supporting the covering film.
2. The method for preventing the risk of reverse spring cold of actinidia arguta according to claim 1, wherein the upright posts are composed of galvanized square tubes 40mm 60mm 3.0mm long, and the length of each upright post is 3.4m, wherein the upright posts are buried under the ground by 0.6m and above the ground by 2.8m;
the cross beam is composed of galvanized square pipes 40mm 60mm 2.5mm, and the length of a single cross beam is 3m.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011273981.9A CN112438149B (en) | 2020-11-14 | 2020-11-14 | Method for preventing damage of actinidia arguta due to cold in spring |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011273981.9A CN112438149B (en) | 2020-11-14 | 2020-11-14 | Method for preventing damage of actinidia arguta due to cold in spring |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN112438149A CN112438149A (en) | 2021-03-05 |
| CN112438149B true CN112438149B (en) | 2024-04-16 |
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| CN202011273981.9A Active CN112438149B (en) | 2020-11-14 | 2020-11-14 | Method for preventing damage of actinidia arguta due to cold in spring |
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| FR3142323A1 (en) * | 2022-11-28 | 2024-05-31 | Societe Landaise De Profilage Acier | Modular device for trellising |
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| CN111602547A (en) * | 2020-06-12 | 2020-09-01 | 福建省农业科学院果树研究所 | Simple rain-sheltering cultivation facility for peach trees and building method thereof |
| CN111699894A (en) * | 2020-07-12 | 2020-09-25 | 苍溪县圣丰农产品经营有限公司 | A kiwi fruit cultivation canopy frame of taking shelter from rain for preventing and control kiwi fruit canker |
-
2020
- 2020-11-14 CN CN202011273981.9A patent/CN112438149B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102550359A (en) * | 2012-02-15 | 2012-07-11 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | Small bow-shaped rain shelter frame and cultivation method for grape |
| CN205357443U (en) * | 2015-10-13 | 2016-07-06 | 曾玉华 | Movable steel wire grape trellis |
| CN106489625A (en) * | 2016-11-01 | 2017-03-15 | 资源县山水美水果种植园（微型企业） | Method of the red kiwi fruit in low temperature high and cold mountain area frost protection anti-hail |
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