CN213907714U - Fruit tree cultivation cellar for storing things in arid cold area - Google Patents
Fruit tree cultivation cellar for storing things in arid cold area Download PDFInfo
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- CN213907714U CN213907714U CN202023008795.0U CN202023008795U CN213907714U CN 213907714 U CN213907714 U CN 213907714U CN 202023008795 U CN202023008795 U CN 202023008795U CN 213907714 U CN213907714 U CN 213907714U
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- cellar
- fruit
- storing things
- cultivation
- steel wire
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- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 8
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 description 2
- 244000020551 Helianthus annuus Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000003222 Helianthus annuus Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 244000144730 Amygdalus persica Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006040 Prunus persica var persica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000294611 Punica granatum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014360 Punica granatum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009528 severe injury Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
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- Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model discloses a arid cold region fruit cultivation cellar for storing things belongs to fruit cultivation technical field. The width of the cellar body is 2-3 meters, the depth is 0.6-0.8 meter, an inner ditch with the width of 0.6-0.8 meter and the depth of 0.4-0.6 meter is arranged at the bottom of the cellar, organic fertilizer and straws are placed in the inner ditch, and a soil covering layer is formed above the inner ditch by covering soil; cellar for storing things body both sides are equipped with the baffle, and cellar for storing things body both ends upper portion sets up two stands, and stand top installation steel wire, two stands are connected to the steel wire, and it is provided with the V-arrangement protective layer to use the steel wire as the support to cellar for storing things body top, and wherein the protective layer is straw curtain, felt, thick plastic film respectively by inside to outside. When the cultivation cellar is used for fruit tree cultivation, the heat of the geocentric is gathered, and meanwhile, the protection layer consisting of the straw mat, the felt and the plastic film is arranged, so that the temperature inside the protection layer can be increased by 10-15 ℃ relative to the outside in winter, and the fruit trees are protected from going through the winter safely; in addition, the fruit tree early-maturing agent can prevent late spring coldness in the flowering season of fruit trees in arid and cold areas.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the fruit tree cultivation, especially, relate to a arid cold region fruit cultivation cellar for storing things.
Background
The average temperature of the coldest month in the arid and cold regions is about minus 10 ℃, the lowest temperature reaches minus 30 ℃, the thickness of a frozen soil layer is 0.8 to 1 meter, the growth and population distribution of fruit trees are seriously influenced in cold weather, the open cultivation can cause the twigs of the fruit trees to be slightly drawn, the yield and the quality are seriously influenced, and a plurality of fruit trees can not safely overwinter in the region. In the area, a protective land (greenhouse) is adopted for planting, and a cover (straw mat) is a common technical measure for fruit trees to live through the winter so as to protect the fruit trees from being frozen; the construction and maintenance costs of the protected area (greenhouse) are too high, and fruit growers generally do not want to adopt the protected area. The operation mode of the comforter (straw mat) is more willing to be adopted to protect the fruit trees from wintering, but the operation process is complex and seriously influences the tree shape, and in order to meet the cultivation requirement in the production, the fruit trees are trimmed into a fan shape or a creeping shape so as to reduce the workload of the comforter (straw mat); and the branches are easy to be folded due to excessive snow accumulation in winter. So far, the height of fruit trees such as peach trees, figs, pomegranate and the like cultivated in drought and cold regions is not more than 1.5 meters, most of the fruit trees are planted in a creeping manner, the tree shape is abnormal, and the yield and the quality of the fruits are seriously influenced. Therefore, a cultivation method with low cost and safe overwintering is urgently needed for fruit trees in arid and cold areas.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model provides a arid cold region fruit tree cellar for storing things.
In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical proposal:
a fruit tree cultivation cellar in drought and cold areas is characterized in that the width of the cellar body is 2-3 meters, the depth of the cellar body is 0.6-0.8 meter, an inner ditch 0.6-0.8 meter wide and 0.4-0.6 meter deep is arranged at the bottom of the cellar, organic fertilizer and straws are placed in the inner ditch, and a soil covering layer is formed above the inner ditch in a covering mode; cellar for storing things body both sides are equipped with the baffle, and cellar for storing things body both ends upper portion sets up two stands, and stand top installation steel wire, two stands are connected to the steel wire, and it is provided with the V-arrangement protective layer as the support to use the steel wire to cellar for storing things body top.
Furthermore, the protective layer is respectively a straw curtain, a felt and a thick plastic film from inside to outside.
Furthermore, the bottom of the upright post is fixed by concrete.
Furthermore, the upright posts and the fruit trees are on the same straight line.
Further, the inner angle of the V-shaped protection layer is larger than 60 degrees.
Furthermore, the baffle is 0.1-0.2 meter higher than the ground.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses following beneficial effect has:
the utility model adopts the semi-underground planting ditch, which is helpful for gathering the heat of the geocentric, and is provided with the protective layer consisting of the straw curtain, the felt and the plastic film, so that the temperature in the protective layer can be raised by 10-15 ℃ relative to the outside in winter, thereby protecting the fruit trees from safely overwintering; in addition, in arid and cold areas, late spring coldness often occurs in the flowering season of fruit trees, the low temperature causes severe damage to the flower buds and flower buds of the fruit trees due to frost damage, the arrival time of the late spring coldness is known through weather forecast, and the protection film is covered in advance, so that the frost damage can be effectively prevented.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the fruit tree cultivation cellar.
Wherein:
1 column 2 protective layer
3 baffle 4 covering soil layer
5 straw 6 organic fertilizer
7 fruit tree 8 steel wire
Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the internal structure of the fruit tree cultivation cellar.
Wherein:
1 upright post 7 fruit tree
8 steel wire 9 cultivation cellar
Detailed Description
Example 1
The embodiment provides a fruit tree cultivation cellar in a drought and cold area, which comprises a cellar body, wherein the width of a ditch of the cellar body is 2 meters, the depth of the ditch is 0.7 meter, an inner ditch with the width of 0.7 meter and the depth of 0.5 meter is arranged at the bottom of the cellar body, organic fertilizer and straws are placed in the inner ditch, and a soil covering layer is formed above the inner ditch by covering soil; cellar for storing things body both sides are equipped with the baffle, and cellar for storing things body both ends upper portion sets up two stands, and stand top installation steel wire, two stands are connected to the steel wire, and it is provided with the V-arrangement protective layer as the support to use the steel wire to cellar for storing things body top.
The specific setting and using method of the cultivation cellar is as follows:
(1) the cultivation area is determined, and the area with the extremely low temperature lower than-30 ℃ is not suitable for the cultivation cellar.
(2) The design requirement of the semi-underground planting ditch is that the width of the ditch is 2 meters and the depth of the ditch is 0.7 meter; digging planting ditch, piling 0-0.4 m surface soil on one side and 0.4-0.7 m underground soil on the other side. Digging an inner ditch with the width of 0.7 m and the depth of 0.5 m downwards at the central position of the planting ditch, and piling excavated earthwork and 0.4-0.7 m underground soil together; organic fertilizer and straw are placed, a layer of organic fertilizer (sheep manure, cow manure, pig manure, chicken manure and the like) with the thickness of 0.1 meter is laid in the inner ditch, and a layer of straw with the thickness of 0.05 meter is laid upwards, wherein the straw is required to be hollow and has the thickness of more than 0.5cm, such as sunflower stalks and corn stalks, but wheat stalks, cotton stalks and the like are not in accordance with the requirements. And backfilling the soil with the surface layer of 0.4 m until the inner ditch is filled and leveled, and continuously backfilling the residual soil on the surface layer to form a covering soil layer.
(3) The baffle is arranged, color steel plates or PVC plates (the thickness is 2-3cm, only the soil on the two sides is supported and does not slide down) are placed on the two sides of the planting ditch to serve as the baffles, and the baffles are 0.2 m higher than the ground to prevent the soil on the two sides from sliding down;
(4) planting fruit trees, planting 3-year-old grafted big seedlings, planting with soil balls, wherein the planting distance is 2 meters, the tree shape is dwarfed and opened, and the tree height is controlled within 2.5 meters; the drip irrigation is adopted for irrigation, and the organic fertilizer and the straws are paved underground, so that the problem of soil salinization is not needed to be worried about, and the salt and alkali can be washed without flooding irrigation with big water.
(5) Mounting an upright column, wherein the height of the upright column is 3 meters, the lower end of the upright column is fixed by 40cm cube or cylinder concrete, the lower end of the upright column is buried 0.5 meter below the ground, and the height of the upright column is 2.5 meters above the bottom surface of the ditch; the upper ends of the upright posts are provided with steel wires which are connected with the two upright posts and are straightened and tightened by a tensioner.
(6) Protection in winter: after winter, the steel wire is covered with three protective layers of a straw curtain, a felt and a thick plastic film in sequence to seal and protect the fruit trees, the plastic film is covered on the top surface to prevent snow, the thickness of the snow generally reaches 30-40cm in arid and cold areas, the felt surface is uneven, snow is easily accumulated, and the felt is easily collapsed. After the covering is finished, the lower end of the protective layer, which is in contact with the ground, is covered by a soil covering machine, so that the stability of the triangular structure is ensured.
(7) After the accumulated snow at the bottom of the protective layer is melted in spring, the protective layer is removed, the accumulated snow (water) is not poured into the planting ditch as much as possible, and the ground temperature is easily reduced.
(8) And (4) pruning in spring, namely, timely pruning branches which are broken and damaged due to the extrusion of the protective layer, so that the yield is ensured.
(9) The method can prevent late spring coldness, which is caused in arid and cold areas and basically occurs once every 2-3 years, and has serious consequences and is sometimes collected; before the late spring coldness comes, the plastic film is covered in advance to form a simple protective layer, the damage of snowfall and cold flow to fruit trees can be prevented, and after the late spring coldness comes, the protective layer is detached.
(10) Management measures are as follows: the tree form is pruned to be dwarfed and opened, the tree height is about 2.5 meters, and other water and fertilizer management measures are basically the same as conventional management measures.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a fruit tree cultivation cellar in a drought and cold area, which comprises a cellar body, wherein the width of a ditch of the cellar body is 3 meters, the depth of the ditch is 0.6 meter, an inner ditch with the width of 0.8 meter and the depth of 0.6 meter is arranged at the bottom of the cellar body, organic fertilizer and straws are placed in the inner ditch, and a soil covering layer is formed above the inner ditch by covering soil; cellar for storing things body both sides are equipped with the baffle, and cellar for storing things body both ends upper portion sets up two stands, and stand top installation steel wire, two stands are connected to the steel wire, and it is provided with the V-arrangement protective layer as the support to use the steel wire to cellar for storing things body top.
The specific setting and using method of the cultivation cellar is as follows:
(1) the cultivation area is determined, and the area with the extremely low temperature lower than-30 ℃ is not suitable for the cultivation cellar.
(2) The design requirement of the semi-underground planting ditch is that the width of the ditch is 3 meters and the depth of the ditch is 0.6 meter; digging planting ditch, piling 0-0.3 m surface soil on one side and 0.3-0.6 m underground soil on the other side. Digging an inner ditch with the width of 0.8 m and the depth of 0.6 m downwards at the central position of the planting ditch, and piling excavated earthwork and 0.3-0.6 m underground soil together; organic fertilizer and straw are placed, a layer of organic fertilizer (sheep manure, cow manure, pig manure, chicken manure and the like) with the thickness of 0.2 m is laid in the inner ditch, a layer of straw with the thickness of 0.1 m is laid upwards, the straw is required to be hollow, the thickness of the straw is more than 0.5cm, such as sunflower straw and corn straw, and wheat straw, cotton straw and the like are not in accordance with the requirements. And backfilling the surface layer with 0.3 m of soil until the inner ditch is filled and leveled, and continuously backfilling the residual surface layer soil to form a covering soil layer.
(3) The baffle is arranged, color steel plates or PVC plates (the thickness is 2-3cm, only the soil on the two sides is supported and does not slide down) are placed on the two sides of the planting ditch to serve as the baffles, and the baffles are 0.1 meter higher than the ground to prevent the soil on the two sides from sliding down;
(4) planting fruit trees, planting 3-year-old grafted big seedlings, planting with soil balls, wherein the planting distance is 2 meters, the tree shape is dwarfed and opened, and the tree height is controlled within 2.5 meters; the drip irrigation is adopted for irrigation, and the organic fertilizer and the straws are paved underground, so that the problem of soil salinization is not needed to be worried about, and the salt and alkali can be washed without flooding irrigation with big water.
(5) Mounting an upright column, wherein the height of the upright column is 3 meters, the lower end of the upright column is fixed by square or cylindrical concrete of 30cm, the lower end of the upright column is buried 0.5 meter below the ground, and the height of the upright column is 2.5 meters above the bottom surface of the ditch; the upper ends of the upright posts are provided with steel wires which are connected with the two upright posts and are straightened and tightened by a tensioner.
(6) Protection in winter: after winter, the steel wire is covered with three protective layers of a straw curtain, a felt and a thick plastic film in sequence to seal and protect the fruit trees, the plastic film is covered on the top surface to prevent snow, the thickness of the snow generally reaches 30-40cm in arid and cold areas, the felt surface is uneven, snow is easily accumulated, and the felt is easily collapsed. After the covering is finished, the lower end of the protective layer, which is in contact with the ground, is covered by a soil covering machine, so that the stability of the triangular structure is ensured.
(7) After the accumulated snow at the bottom of the protective layer is melted in spring, the protective layer is removed, the accumulated snow (water) is not poured into the planting ditch as much as possible, and the ground temperature is easily reduced.
(8) And (4) pruning in spring, namely, timely pruning branches which are broken and damaged due to the extrusion of the protective layer, so that the yield is ensured.
(9) The method can prevent late spring coldness, which is caused in arid and cold areas and basically occurs once every 2-3 years, and has serious consequences and is sometimes collected; before the late spring coldness comes, the plastic film is covered in advance to form a simple protective layer, the damage of snowfall and cold flow to fruit trees can be prevented, and after the late spring coldness comes, the protective layer is detached.
(10) Management measures are as follows: the tree form is pruned to be dwarfed and opened, the tree height is about 2.5 meters, and other water and fertilizer management measures are basically the same as conventional management measures.
The above-mentioned embodiments are only intended to describe the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but not to limit the scope of the present invention, and those skilled in the art should also be able to make various modifications and improvements to the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and all such modifications and improvements are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A fruit tree cultivation cellar in a drought and cold area is characterized by comprising a cellar body, wherein the cellar body is 2-3 meters wide and 0.6-0.8 meter deep, an inner ditch which is 0.6-0.8 meter wide and 0.4-0.6 meter deep is arranged at the bottom of the cellar, organic fertilizer and straws are placed in the inner ditch, and a soil covering layer is formed above the inner ditch by covering soil; cellar for storing things body both sides are equipped with the baffle, and cellar for storing things body both ends upper portion sets up two stands, and stand top installation steel wire, two stands are connected to the steel wire, and it is provided with the V-arrangement protective layer as the support to use the steel wire to cellar for storing things body top.
2. The fruit cultivation cellar for the arid cold region as claimed in claim 1, wherein the protective layer is a straw mat, a felt and a thick plastic film from inside to outside.
3. The fruit cultivation cellar for the arid cold region of claim 1, wherein the bottom of the upright is fixed by concrete.
4. The fruit cultivation cellar for the drought and cold region as claimed in claim 1, wherein the upright is in line with the fruit tree.
5. The dry cold region fruit cultivation cellar of claim 1, wherein the inner angle of the V-shaped protection layer is more than 60 degrees.
6. The fruit cultivation cellar for arid cold regions according to claim 1, wherein the baffle is 0.1-0.2 m above the ground.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202023008795.0U CN213907714U (en) | 2020-12-14 | 2020-12-14 | Fruit tree cultivation cellar for storing things in arid cold area |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202023008795.0U CN213907714U (en) | 2020-12-14 | 2020-12-14 | Fruit tree cultivation cellar for storing things in arid cold area |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN213907714U true CN213907714U (en) | 2021-08-10 |
Family
ID=77152305
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202023008795.0U Expired - Fee Related CN213907714U (en) | 2020-12-14 | 2020-12-14 | Fruit tree cultivation cellar for storing things in arid cold area |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN213907714U (en) |
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2020
- 2020-12-14 CN CN202023008795.0U patent/CN213907714U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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|---|---|---|---|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20210810 |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |