CN1976919A - 作为erk蛋白激酶抑制剂的吡咯化合物、它们的合成和中间体 - Google Patents
作为erk蛋白激酶抑制剂的吡咯化合物、它们的合成和中间体 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1976919A CN1976919A CNA200580021418XA CN200580021418A CN1976919A CN 1976919 A CN1976919 A CN 1976919A CN A200580021418X A CNA200580021418X A CN A200580021418XA CN 200580021418 A CN200580021418 A CN 200580021418A CN 1976919 A CN1976919 A CN 1976919A
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Abstract
本发明涉及可用作蛋白激酶抑制剂的化合物。本发明也提供包含所述化合物的药学上可接受的组合物和使用这些组合物治疗各种疾病、状态或病症的方法。
Description
相关申请的交叉参考
本申请要求2004年5月14日提交的美国临时专利申请60/571,309的优先权,其全部内容引用在此作为参考。
技术领域
本发明涉及可用作蛋白激酶抑制剂的化合物。本发明也提供包含本发明化合物的药学上可接受的组合物和使用这些组合物治疗各种病症的方法。
背景技术
近年来,更好地理解与疾病有关的酶和其他生物分子的结构,大大有助于寻求新的治疗剂。已经成为广泛研究的主题的一类重要的酶是蛋白激酶。
蛋白激酶构成一大家族在结构上相关的酶,它们负责控制细胞内的多种信号转导过程(参见Hardie,G.and Hanks,S.(1995)TheProtein Kinase Facts Book,I and II,Academic Press,San Diego,CA)。蛋白激酶被认为从共同的遗传基因进化而来,由于保存了它们的结构和催化功能。几乎所有的激酶都含有相似的250-300个氨基酸催化结构功能域。激酶可以根据它们磷酸化的底物分为若干家族(例如蛋白质-酪氨酸、蛋白质-丝氨酸/苏氨酸、脂质等)。已经鉴别了一般对应于每种激酶家族的序列基序(例如参见Hanks,S.K.,Hunter,T.,FASEB J.,1995,9,576-596;Knighton et al.,Science 1991,253,407-414;Hiles et al.,Cell,1992,70,419-429;Kunz etal.,Cell,1993,73,585-596;Garcia-Bustos et al.,EMBO J.,1994,13,2352-2361)。
一般而言,蛋白激酶通过影响磷酰基从三磷酸核苷转移至参与信号传递途径的蛋白质接受体而介导细胞内信号传递。这些磷酸化事件充当分子开关,能够调控或调节靶蛋白的生物功能。这些磷酸化事件最终是响应于多种细胞外与其他刺激而被激发的。这类刺激的实例包括环境与化学应激反应信号(例如渗透压休克、热激、紫外辐射、细菌内毒素和H2O2)、细胞因子(例如白介素-1(IL-1)和肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α))和生长因子(例如粒细胞巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(GM-CSF)和成纤维细胞生长因子(FGF))。细胞外刺激可以影响一种或多种细胞应答,涉及细胞生长、移行、分化、激素分泌、转录因子活化、肌肉收缩、糖代谢、蛋白质合成控制和细胞周期调节。
很多疾病与由上述蛋白激酶介导的事件激发的异常细胞应答有关。这些疾病包括但不限于自身免疫疾病、炎性疾病、骨疾病、代谢疾病、神经病学与神经变性疾病、癌症、心血管疾病、变态反应与哮喘、阿尔茨海默氏病和激素相关性疾病。因此,医药化学界一直努力寻找作为治疗剂有效的蛋白激酶抑制剂。不过,鉴于大多数与蛋白激酶有关的状态的目前可用治疗选项的缺乏,仍然迫切需要抑制这些蛋白质靶的新治疗剂。
哺乳动物细胞通过激活信号传导级联响应于细胞外刺激,这些级联受到有丝分裂原-活化蛋白(MAP)激酶家族成员的介导,它们包括细胞外信号调节激酶(ERK)、p38MAP激酶和c-Jun N-末端激酶(JNK)。MAP激酶(MAPK)受到多种信号的激活,包括生长因子、细胞因子、UV辐射和应激反应诱发剂。MAPK是丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶,它们的活化发生于活化袢中Thr-X-Tyr节段苏氨酸和酪氨酸的双重磷酸化。MAPK磷酸化各种底物,包括转录因子,它们继而调节特定基因组的表达,从而介导对刺激物的特定响应。
ERK2是一种广泛分布的蛋白激酶,当Thr183和Tyr185被上游MAP激酶MEK1磷酸化时,它达到最大活性(Anderson et al.,Nature,1990,343,651;Crews et al.,Science 1992,258,478)。在活化后,ERK2磷酸化很多调节蛋白,包括蛋白激酶Rsk90(Bjorbaek et al.,J.Biol.Chem.1995,270,18848)和MAPKAP2(Rouse et al.,Cell1994,78,1027),以及转录因子如ATF2(Raingeaud et al.,Mol.CellBiol.1996,16,1247),Elk-1(Raingeaud et al.,1996),c-Fos(Chen et al.,Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA 1993,90,10952),和c-Myc(Oliver et al.,Proc.Soc.Exp.Biol.Med.1995,210,162)。ERK2也是Ras/Raf依赖途径的下游靶物(Moodie et al.,Science 1993,260,1658),并且可以辅助分程传递来自这些可能的致癌蛋白质的信号。已经证实,ERK2在乳腺癌细胞的负生长控制中起作用(Frey and Mulder,Cancer Res.1997,57,628),并且已经报道了ERK2在人乳腺癌中的过表达(Sivaraman et al.,J Clin.Invest.1997,99,1478)。活化的ERK2还与内皮缩血管肽刺激的呼吸道平滑肌细胞的增殖有关,从而提示了这种激酶在哮喘中的作用(Whelchelet al.,Am.J.Respir.Cell Mol.Biol.1997,16,589)。
受体酪氨酸激酶、例如EGFR和ErbB2的过度表达(Arteaga CL,2002,Semin Oncol.29,3-9;Eccles SA,2001,J Mammary GlandBiol Neoplasia 6:393-406;Mendelsohn J & Baselga J,2000,Oncogene 19,6550-65)、以及Ras GTP酶蛋白(Nottage M & Siu LL,2002,Curr Pharm Des 8,2231-42;Adjei AA,2001,J Natl CancerInst 93,1062-74)或B-Raf突变体(Davies H.et al.,2002,Nature417,949-54;Brose et al.,2002,Cancer Res 62,6997-7000)中的活化性突变是人类癌症的主要诱因。这些遗传改变与临床预后差有相互关系,导致广泛人类肿瘤中Raf-1/2/3-MEK1/2-ERK1/2信号转导级联的活化。活化的ERK(也就是ERK1和/或ERK2)是一种核心性信号传导分子,与增殖、分化、锚基-独立性细胞存活和血管生成的控制有关,有助于恶性肿瘤生成和进展的大量重要过程。这些数据提示了ERK1/2抑制剂将发挥多向活性,包括促细胞程序死亡、抗增殖、抗转移和抗血管生成作用,并且提供对抗非常广泛的人类肿瘤的治疗机会。
越来越多的证据表明ERK MAPK途径在选定癌症的致癌行为中的组成型活化。Ras的活化性突变见于~30%的所有癌症,有些癌症(例如胰腺癌(90%)和结肠癌(50%))隐匿特别高的突变率(ref)。也已在9-15%的黑素瘤中鉴别到Ras突变,但是带来组成型活化的B-Raf躯体错义突变更加常见,见于60-66%的恶性黑素瘤。Ras、Raf和MEK的活化性突变能够体外致癌性转化成纤维细胞,而且Ras或Raf突变连同肿瘤抑制基因(例如p16INK4A)的丧失能够体内导致自发性肿瘤形成。已经在这些模型中证明了ERK活性增加,并且也已普遍报道在适当的人类肿瘤中。在黑素瘤中,大量文献报道了由B-Raf或N-Ras突变或者自分泌生长因子活化所导致的高基础性ERK活性,并且与迅速的肿瘤生长、增加的细胞存活和对细胞程序死亡的抵抗有关。另外,ERK活化被认为是黑素瘤与细胞外基质降解性蛋白酶和侵袭-促进性整联蛋白的表达增加有关的高度转移行为、以及在正常情况下介导角化细胞相互作用以控制黑素细胞生长的E-cadherin粘连分子的减量调节的主要驱动力。综合这些数据,表明ERK是有希望治疗黑素瘤的治疗靶,而黑素瘤是一种目前不可治疗的疾病。
发明内容
现已发现,本发明化合物及其药学上可接受的组合物是有效的ERK蛋白激酶抑制剂。这些化合物具有通式I:
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中m、R1、R2和R3定义如下。
这些化合物及其药学上可接受的组合物可用于治疗多种病症或者减轻其严重性,尤其增殖性病症,例如癌症。
由本发明所提供的化合物也可用于生物学和病理学现象中的激酶研究、由这类激酶介导的细胞内信号转导途径的研究、和新激酶抑制剂的对比评价。
某些发明实施方式的详细说明
1、本发明化合物的一般说明:
本发明涉及式I化合物:
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中:
R1是C1-6脂族基团,其中R1可选地被至多2个独立选自-OR或-C1-3卤代烷基的基团取代;
每个R独立地是氢或C1-4脂族基;
每个R2独立地是R、氟或氯;
m是0、1或2;而
R3是氢、C1-3脂族基、氟或氯。
2、化合物和定义:
本发明化合物包括上面概述的那些,它们还进一步由本发明中公开的大类、小类和种类进一步阐明。如在本发明中使用的,除非另外指出,将适用以下定义。为了本发明的目的,化学元素将根据第75版化学物理手册、CAS版本的化学元素周期表进行识别。另外,有机化学的通用原则参见Thomas Sorrell的“有机化学”一书,UniversityScience Books,Sausalito:1999,和“March’s Advanced OrganicChemistry”第5版,Smith,M.B.和March,J.,John编,Wiley & Sons,New York:2001,其全部内容引用在此作为参考。
这里使用的术语“前体药物”表示母体药物分子的衍生物,它需要在机体内转化,目的是释放活性药物,并且比母体药物分子提高了物理和/或递送性质。前体药物被设计成增强与母体药物分子有关的药学和/或药动学类性质。前体药物的优点在于它的物理性质,例如与母体药物相比增强了生理pH下的肠胃外给药水溶性,或者它增强了从消化道的吸收,或者它可以增强药物的长期贮存稳定性。近年来,已经开发了若干类型的生物可逆性衍生物用于设计前体药物。使用酯作为含有羧基或羟基官能的药物的前体药物类型是本领域已知的,例如″The Organic Chemistry of Drug Design and Drug Interaction″Richard Silverman所述,由Academic Press(1992)出版。
这里所描述的本发明化合物可以可选地被一个或多个取代基取代,如上面概述的或者由本发明特定的大类、小类和种类所举例说明的。将被领会的是,措辞“可选被取代的”可以与措辞“取代的或未取代的”互换使用。一般情况下,术语“取代的”不管前面加不加术语“可选的”,都指在给定的结构中,用所指明的取代基替代其中的氢基团。除非另有说明,可选被取代的基团可以在该基团每一可取代的位置上带有取代基,并且当任何给定的结构中有一个以上的位置被一个以上选自所指定基团的取代基取代时,取代基在每一位置上可以彼此相同或不同。
本发明预期的取代基的组合优选是能形成稳定或化学上可行的化合物的那些取代基组合。本发明使用的术语“稳定的”是指当处于其制备、检测、并优选其发现、纯化及用于本发明所公开的一种或多种目的的条件下时,基本上不发生变化的化合物。在有些实施方式中,稳定的化合物或化学上可行的化合物是指,在没有水分或其他化学反应性条件下,当在40℃或以下的温度下保存至少一周时基本上不发生变化的化合物。
这里使用的术语“脂族基”或“脂族基团”意思指完全饱和的或含有一个或多个不饱和单元的直链(即,无支链的)或者支链的、取代的或未取代的烃链,或者完全饱和的或含有一个或多个不饱和单元的单环烃或双环烃,但是其不是芳族的(本发明中也称为“碳环”、“环脂族”或“环烷基”),其只有单一的连结点连结到分子的其余部分上。在某些实施方式中,脂族基团含有1-6个脂族碳原子,在其他实施方式中,脂族基团含有1-4个脂族碳原子。在有些实施方式中,“环脂族”(或者“碳环”或“环烷基”)是指完全饱和的或含有一个或多个不饱和单元的单环C3-C6烃,但是其不是芳族的,它有一个单一的连结点连结到分子的其余部分上。适当的脂族基团包括但不限于直链或支链的、取代或未取代的烷基、烯基、炔基和其杂合物,如(环烷基)烷基、(环烯基)烷基或(环烷基)烯基。
这里使用的术语“不饱和”意味着一个基团具有一个或多个不饱和单元。
术语“卤代烷基”、“卤代烯基”和“卤代烷氧基”表示被一个或多个卤原子取代的烷基、烯基或烷氧基,视情况而定。术语“卤素”表示F、Cl、Br或I。
单独或作为更大基团如“芳烷基”、“芳烷氧基”或“芳氧基烷基”的一部分的术语“芳基”是指总共具有5-14个环成员的单环、双环和三环体系,其中体系中至少一个环是芳族的,并且其中体系中每个环含有3-7个环成员。术语“芳基”可以与术语“芳基环”互换使用。
芳基(包括芳烷基、芳烷氧基、芳氧基烷基等)或杂芳基(包括杂芳烷基和杂芳烷氧基等)基团可能含有一个或多个取代基。在芳基或杂芳基的不饱和碳原子上的适合的取代基选自卤素;Ro;ORo;SRo;1,2-亚甲二氧基;1,2-亚乙二氧基;可选被Ro取代的苯基(Ph);可选被Ro取代的-O(Ph);可选被Ro取代的(CH2)1-2(Ph);可选被Ro取代的CH=CH(Ph);NO2;CN;N(Ro)2;NRoC(O)Ro;NRoC(O)N(Ro)2;NRoCO2Ro;-NRoNRoC(O)Ro;NRoNRoC(O)N(Ro)2;NRoNRoCO2Ro;C(O)C(O)Ro;C(O)CH2C(O)Ro;CO2Ro;C(O)Ro;C(O)N(Ro)2;OC(O)N(Ro)2;S(O)2Ro;SO2N(Ro)2;S(O)Ro;NRoSO2N(Ro)2;NRoSO2Ro;C(=S)N(Ro)2;C(=NH)-N(Ro)2;或(CH2)0-2NHC(O)Ro;其中每个独立出现的Ro选自氢、可选被取代的C1-6脂族基、未取代的5-6元杂芳基或杂环、苯基、O(Ph)或CH2(Ph),或者,尽管有以上定义,在相同或不同取代基上的两次独立出现的Ro与每个Ro基团所连接的原子一起构成具有0-4个独立选自氧、氮或硫的杂原子的3-8元环烷基、杂环基、芳基或杂芳基。Ro的脂族基上的可选的取代基选自NH2、NH(C1-4脂族基)、N(C1-4脂族基)2、卤素、C1-4脂族基、OH、O(C1-4脂族基)、NO2、CN、CO2H、CO2(C1-4脂族基)、O(卤代C1-4脂族基)或卤代C1-4脂族基,其中Ro的每个上述C1-4脂族基团是未取代的。
脂族或杂脂族基团或者非芳族杂环可以含有一个或多个取代基。在脂族或杂脂族基团或者非芳族杂环的饱和碳上的适合的取代基选自以上对于芳基或杂芳基的不饱和碳所列的那些基团,并且另外包括以下所述:=O、=S、=NNHR*、=NN(R*)2、=NNHC(O)R*、=NNHCO2(烷基)、=NNHSO2(烷基)或=NR*,其中每个R*独立地选自氢或可选被取代的C1-6脂族基。R*的脂族基上的可选的取代基选自NH2、NH(C1-4脂族基)、N(C1-4脂族基)2、卤素、C1-4脂族基、OH、O(C1-4脂族基)、NO2、CN、CO2H、CO2(C1-4脂族基)、O(卤代C1-4脂族基)或卤代C1-4脂族基,其中R*的每个上述C1-4脂族基团是未取代的。
在非芳族杂环的氮上的可选的取代基选自R+、N(R+)2、C(O)R+、CO2R+、C(O)C(O)R+、C(O)CH2C(O)R+、SO2R+、SO2N(R+)2、C(=S)N(R+)2、C(=NH)-N(R+)2或NR+SO2R+,其中R+是氢、可选被取代的C1-6脂族基、可选被取代的苯基、可选被取代的O(Ph)、可选被取代的CH2(Ph)、可选被取代的(CH2)1-2(Ph)、可选被取代的CH=CH(Ph)、或者未取代的具有1-4个独立地选自氧、氮或硫的杂原子的5-6元杂芳基或杂环,或者,尽管有以上定义,在相同取代基或不同取代基上的两次独立出现的R+可以与每个R+基团所连接的原子一起构成具有0-4个独立选自氧、氮或硫的杂原子的3-8元环烷基、杂环基、芳基或杂芳基环。R+的脂族基或苯基环上的可选的取代基选自NH2、NH(C1-4脂族基)、N(C1-4脂族基)2、卤素、C1-4脂族基、OH、O(C1-4脂族基)、NO2、CN、C02H、CO2(C1-4脂族基)、O(卤代C1-4脂族基)或卤代C1-4脂族基,其中R+的每个上述C1-4脂族基团是未取代的。
除非另有规定,这里描绘的结构也意味着包括该结构的所有异构(例如对映、非对映和几何(或构象))形式;例如对于每个不对称中心而言包括R与S构型、(Z)与(E)双键异构体、和(Z)与(E)构象异构体。因此,本发明化合物的单一立体化学异构体以及对映、非对映和几何(或构象)混合物均在本发明的范围之内。除非另有规定,本发明化合物的所有互变形式都在本发明的范围之内。另外,除非另有规定,这里描绘的结构也意味着包括仅在一个或多个同位素富集的原子的存在上有差别的化合物。例如,除了把氢置换为氘或氚或者把碳置换为13C-或14C-富集的碳以外,具有本发明结构的化合物均在本发明的范围之内。这类化合物可用作例如生物检定中的分析工具或探针。
3、示范性化合物的说明:
按照一种实施方式,本发明涉及式I化合物,其中所述化合物为式Ia或Ib:
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中每个m、R1、R2和R3基团定义如上。
按照某些实施方式,任何式I、Ia和Ib的R1基团是可选被-OR或-C1-3卤代烷基取代的C1-4脂族基。在某些实施方式中,任何式I、Ia和Ib的R1基团是可选被-OH、-CH2F、-CHF2或-CF3取代的C1-4脂族基。在其他实施方式中,任何式I、Ia和Ib的R1基团是可选被-OH取代的C1-4脂族基。在其他实施方式中,R1是未取代的。
按照另一种实施方式,任何式I、Ia和Ib的R1基团是异丙基、2-丁基、环丙基或乙基,其中每个基团可选地被-OH、-CHF2、-CH2F或-CF3取代。在某些实施方式中,任何式I、Ia和Ib的R1基团可选地被-OH或-CF3取代。
本发明的另一方面涉及任何式I、Ia和Ib化合物,其中R2是氢、C1-3脂族基或氯。按照另一方面,本发明涉及任何式I、Ia和Ib化合物,其中R2是氯。
在某些实施方式中,m是1。
在其他实施方式中,任何式I、Ia和Ib的R3基团是氢、甲基或氯。
代表性式I化合物如下表1所述。
表1:式I化合物的实例
4、获得本发明化合物的一般方法:
本发明化合物一般可以借助本领域技术人员已知用于类似化合物的方法加以制备或分离,如下一般流程I、II和III以及下列制备实施例所示。
流程I
试剂和条件:(a)i ICl,CH2Cl2,ii NaOMe,MeOH;(b)PG-Cl,DMAP,三乙胺;(c)Pd(dppf);(d)R1-NH2;(e)Pd(PPh3)4,4;(f)去保护/皂化;(g)偶联条件。
上述一般流程I显示制备本发明化合物的一般方法。在步骤(a),将吡咯化合物1碘化和酯化,生成化合物2。在步骤(b),将吡咯基团可选地用适合的氨基保护基团保护-NH-,生成化合物3。氨基保护基团是本领域熟知的,在Protecting Groups in Organic Synthesis,Theodora W.Greene and Peter G.M.Wuts,1991,John Wiley andSons有详细描述,其全部内容引用在此作为参考。将化合物3的碘代基团用适当的烃基代硼酸(boronic acid)或酯置换。如上所述,使用双(频哪醇代)二硼烷生成化合物4,不过其他烃基硼酸酯(boronicester)或酸也适用于该反应,并且将为本领域普通技术人员所显而易见。
因为本发明化合物涉及多取代的吡啶基团,要考虑反应的顺序,利用激活吡啶上的位置的方法来引导区域化学。在上述步骤(d)中,根据需要可以将第一离去基团L1用醇、胺或硫醇置换。本领域普通技术人员将认识到各种L1离去基团适用于该反应。这类基团的实例包括但不限于卤素和活化醚。该反应之后、即步骤(e),可以通过金属催化的偶联反应或亲核置换作用代替第二离去基团L2,生成化合物7。本领域普通技术人员将认识到各种L2离去基团适用于该反应。这类基团的实例包括但不限于卤素、活化醚、烃基代硼酸或硼酸酯。
在步骤(f),借助适合于除去所用氨基保护基团的方法除去吡咯基团上的保护基团。依赖于使用何种氨基保护基团,适合于除去它的条件可以同时皂化或者提供如上关于化合物8所描绘的羧酸酯基团。如果适合于除去氨基保护基团的条件不适合于提供羧酸酯化合物8,那么可以采用另一步骤。通过偶联所得羧酸酯与所需的胺,从化合物8制备式I化合物,正如步骤(g)所描绘的。本领域普通技术人员将认识到多种条件可用于所述偶联反应,可以包括在用所需的胺处理之前或同时激活化合物8的羧酸酯基团的步骤。这样的条件包括但不限于下文实施例部分所详细描述的那些。
流程II
试剂和条件:(a)Ac2O/H2O2;(b)HNO3/H2SO4;(c)R1-NH2;(d)L2。
上述流程II描绘制备可用于制备本发明化合物的中间体化合物6的另一种途径。在步骤(a),用过氧化物处理制备化合物9的N-氧化物。然后将N-氧化物化合物10用硝酸处理,生成硝基化合物11。将化合物11的L1基团用所需的胺R1-NH2置换,生成化合物12,然后在步骤(d)引入L2基团,得到中间体6。然后按照上述一般流程I和下文提供的实施例可以利用化合物6制备本发明化合物。
流程III
上述流程III显示从化合物6制备化合物7的另一种方法。在该方法中,将吡啶基化合物6的L2基团用适当的烃基代硼酸或酯衍生物置换,生成化合物13,其中Rx和Ry具有如下关于式A化合物所定义的含义。然后将该硼酸酯基团用上述吡咯的L3离去基团置换,其中L3是适合的离去基团,生成化合物7。然后借助上述流程I和II所述方法、实施例一节所述方法和本领域普通技术人员已知的方法使用化合物7制备本发明化合物。
本领域技术人员将认识到,按照流程I、II和III的一般方法和下文所述合成实施例可以制备多种本发明化合物。
按照另一种实施方式,本发明涉及式A化合物:
或其盐,其中:
PG是适合的氨基保护基团;
Rz是适合的羧酸根保护基团;
Rx和Ry独立地是氢或可选被取代的C1-6脂族基,或者:
Rx和Ry一起构成可选被取代的5-7元环。
适合的氨基保护基团是本领域熟知的,包括在Protecting Groupsin Organic Synthesis,Theodora W.Greene and Peter G.M.Wuts,1991,John Wiley and Sons中详细描述的那些。在某些实施方式中,A的PG基团是烷基或芳基磺酰基基团。这类基团的实例包括甲磺酰基、甲苯磺酰基、硝苯磺酰基、溴苯磺酰基和2,4,6-三甲基苯磺酰基(“Mts”)。其他这样的基团包括Bn、PMB、Ms、Ts、SiR3、MOM、BOM、Tr、Ac、CO2R、CH2OCH2CH2Si(CH3)3。
适合的羧酸根保护基团是本领域熟知的,在Protecting Groupsin Organic Synthesis,Theodora W.Greene and Peter G.M.Wuts,3rd Edition,1999,John Wiley and Sons中有详细描述。在某些实施方式中,A的Rz基团是可选被取代的C1-6脂族基团或可选被取代的芳基。适合的Rz基团的实例包括甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、丁基、异丁基、苄基和苯基,其中每个基团是可选被取代的。
在某些实施方式中,一个或两个Rx和Ry是氢。
在其他实施方式中,Rx和Ry一起构成可选被取代的5-6元环。在其他实施方式中,Rx和Ry一起构成4,4,5,5-四甲基二氧硼杂环戊烷基团。其他由本发明所针对的适合的烃基硼酸酯衍生物包括烃基代硼酸、B(O-C1-10脂族基)2和B(O-芳基)2。
按照另一种实施方式,本发明提供式B化合物:
或其盐,其中:
R1是C1-6脂族基团,其中R1可选地被至多2个独立选自-OR或-C1-3卤代烷基的基团取代;
每个R独立地是氢或C1-4脂族基;
R3是氢、C1-3脂族基、氟或氯;而
L2是适合的离去基团。
在某些实施方式中,本发明提供如上一般性和这里所述种类和小类所定义的式B化合物,其中当R3是氯且R1是异丙基时,L2不是碘。
适合的离去基团是容易被所需引入的化学基团置换的化学基团。因而,特定适合离去基团的选择取决于它容易被式A引入的化学基团置换的能力。适合的离去基团是本领域熟知的,例如参见″AdvancedOrganic Chemistry,″Jerry March,5th Ed.,pp.351-357,John Wileyand Sons,N.Y.。这类离去基团包括但不限于卤素、烷氧基、磺酰氧基、可选被取代的烷基磺酰基、可选被取代的烯基磺酰基、可选被取代的芳基磺酰基和重氮基团。适合的离去基团的实例包括氯、碘、溴、氟、甲烷磺酰基(甲磺酰基)、甲苯磺酰基、三氟甲磺酰基、硝基-苯基磺酰基(硝苯磺酰基)和溴-苯基磺酰基(溴苯磺酰基)。在某些实施方式中,B的L2基团是碘。
按照另一种实施方式,适合的离去基团可以是在反应介质内就地生成的。例如,式B化合物中的L2可以是从该式B化合物的前体就地生成的,其中所述前体含有容易被L2就地代替的基团。在这样一种代替的具体说明中,所述式B化合物的前体含有就地被L2、例如碘代基团代替的基团(例如氯代基团或羟基)。碘代基团的来源例如可以是碘化钠。适合的离去基团的这样一种就地生成是本领域熟知的,例如参见″Advanced Organic Chemistry,″Jerry March,pp.430-431,5th Ed.,John Wiley and Sons,N.Y.。
按照某些实施方式,式B的R1基团是可选被-OR或-C1-3卤代烷基取代的C1-4脂族基。在某些实施方式中,式B的R1基团是可选被-OH、-CH2F、-CHF2或-CF3取代的C1-4脂族基。在其他实施方式中,式B的R1基团是可选被-OH取代的C1-4脂族基。在其他实施方式中,R1是未取代的。
按照另一种实施方式,式B的R1基团是异丙基、2-丁基、环丙基或乙基,其中每个基团可选地被-OH或-CF3取代。
在其他实施方式中,式B的R3基团是氢、甲基或氯。
式B化合物可以从式B’化合物或其盐制备:
其中:
R3是氢、C1-3脂族基、氟或氯;而
L1和L2各自独立地是适合的离去基团。
在某些实施方式中,本发明提供如上一般性和这里所述种类和小类所定义的式B’化合物,其中当R3是氯且R1是氟时,L2不是烃基硼酸酯基团。
在某些实施方式中,提供了式B’化合物,其中L2是-B(ORx)(ORy)。在其他实施方式中,一个或两个Rx和Ry是氢。在其他实施方式中,Rx和Ry一起构成可选被取代的5-6元环。在其他实施方式中,Rx和Ry一起构成4,4,5,5-四甲基二氧硼杂环戊烷基团。
如上所述,适合的离去基团是容易被所需引入的化学基团置换的化学基团。适合的离去基团是本领域熟知的,例如参见″AdvancedOrganic Chemistry,″Jerry March,5th Ed.,pp.351-357,John Wileyand Sons,N.Y.。适合的离去基团包括但不限于卤素、烷氧基、磺酰氧基、可选被取代的烷基磺酰基、可选被取代的烯基磺酰基、可选被取代的芳基磺酰基和重氮基团。适合的离去基团的实例包括氯、碘、溴、氟、甲烷磺酰基(甲磺酰基)、甲苯磺酰基、三氟甲磺酰基、硝基-苯基磺酰基(硝苯磺酰基)和溴-苯基磺酰基(溴苯磺酰基)。在某些实施方式中,B’的L1基团是卤素。在其他实施方式中,B’的L1基团是可选被取代的烷基磺酰基、可选被取代的烯基磺酰基或可选被取代的芳基磺酰基。在其他实施方式中,B’的L1基团是氟。
按照另一种实施方式,适合的离去基团可以是在反应介质内就地生成的。例如,式B’化合物中的L1或L2基团可以是从该式B’化合物的前体就地生成的,其中所述前体含有容易被L1或L2就地代替的基团。适合的离去基团的这样一种就地生成是本领域熟知的,例如参见″Advanced Organic Chemistry,″Jerry March,pp.430-431,5th Ed.,John Wiley and Sons,N.Y.。
按照另一种实施方式,本发明提供制备式B化合物或其盐的方法:
包含使式B’化合物:
或其盐,与式R1-NH2化合物反应的步骤,其中所述反应是在适合的介质中进行的,其中:
R1是C1-6脂族基团,其中R1可选地被至多2个独立选自-OR或-C1-3卤代烷基的基团取代;
R是氢或C1-4脂族基;
R3是氢、C1-3脂族基、氟或氯;而
L1和L2各自独立地是适合的离去基团。
在某些实施方式中,所述反应可选地是在适合的碱的存在下进行的。普通技术人员将认识到离去基团被氨基基团置换是在有或没有适合的碱的存在下实现的。这类适合的碱是本领域熟知的,包括有机和无机碱。
适合的介质是溶剂或溶剂混合物,它们与所合并的化合物结合,可以有利于其间反应的进行。适合的溶剂可以使一种或多种反应组分增溶,或者作为另一种选择,适合的溶剂可以有利于一种或多种反应组分悬液的搅拌。可用于本发明的适合的溶剂的实例是质子溶剂、卤代烃、醚、芳族烃、极性或非极性质子惰性溶剂或其任何混合物。这类混合物例如包括质子溶剂与非质子溶剂的混合物,例如苯/甲醇/水、苯/水、DME/水等。
这些和其他这类适合的溶剂是本领域熟知的,例如参见″AdvancedOrganic Chemistry″,Jerry March,5th edition,John Wiley and Sons,N.Y.。
按照另一种实施方式,一种或多种试剂可以充当适合的溶剂。例如,如果在所述反应中采用有机碱,例如三乙胺或二异丙基乙胺,除了它作为碱化试剂的作用以外还可以充当溶剂。
在某些实施方式中,本发明提供式B’化合物,其中R1和R3是如上一般性和这里所述种类和小类所定义的。
按照另一方面,本发明提供式C化合物:
或其盐,其中:
PG是适合的氨基保护基团;
Rz是适合的羧酸根保护基团;
R1是C1-6脂族基团,其中R1可选地被至多2个独立选自-OR或-C1-3卤代烷基的基团取代;
每个R独立地是氢或C1-4脂族基;而
R3是氢、C1-3脂族基、氟或氯。
如上所述,适合的氨基保护基团是本领域熟知的,包括在Protecting Groups in Organic Synthesis,Theodora W.Greene andPeter G.M.Wuts,1991,John Wiley and Sons中详细描述的那些。在某些实施方式中,C的PG基团是烷基或芳基磺酰基基团。这类基团的实例包括甲磺酰基、甲苯磺酰基、硝苯磺酰基、溴苯磺酰基和2,4,6-三甲基苯磺酰基(“Mts”)。
适合的羧酸根保护基团是本领域熟知的,在Protecting Groupsin Organic Synthesis,Theodora W.Greene and Peter G.M.Wuts,1991,John Wiley and Sons中有详细描述。在某些实施方式中,C的Rz基团是可选被取代的C1-6脂族基团或可选被取代的芳基。适合的Rz基团的实例包括甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、丁基、异丁基、苄基和苯基,其中每个基团是可选被取代的。
按照某些实施方式,式C的R1基团是可选被-OR或-C1-3卤代烷基取代的C1-4脂族基。在某些实施方式中,式C的R1基团是可选被-OH、-CH2F、-CHF2或-CF3取代的C1-4脂族基。在其他实施方式中,式C的R1基团是可选被-OH取代的C1-4脂族基。在其他实施方式中,R1是未取代的。
按照另一种实施方式,式C的R1基团是异丙基、2-丁基、环丙基或乙基,其中每个基团可选地被-OH或-CF3取代。
在其他实施方式中,式C的R3基团是氢、甲基或氯。
本发明的另一方面涉及制备式C化合物的方法:
包含使式A化合物:
或其盐,与式B化合物:
或其盐反应的步骤,其中所述反应是在适合的介质中进行的,其中:
PG是适合的氨基保护基团;
L2是适合的离去基团;
Rz是适合的羧酸根保护基团;
Rx和Ry独立地是氢或可选被取代的C1-6脂族基,或者:
Rx和Ry一起构成可选被取代的5-7元环;
R1是C1-6脂族基团,其中R1可选地被至多2个独立选自-OR或-C1-3卤代烷基的基团取代;
每个R独立地是氢或C1-4脂族基;而
R3是氢、C1-3脂族基、氟或氯。
在某些实施方式中,所述反应是在Ni(II)、Pd(0)或Pd(II)的存在下进行的,每种催化剂可以与配体缔合,例如二茂铁或膦类配体。在其他实施方式中,所述反应是在Pd(PPh3)4的存在下进行的。
适合的介质是溶剂或溶剂混合物,它们与所合并的化合物结合,可以有利于其间反应的进行。适合的溶剂可以使一种或多种反应组分增溶,或者作为另一种选择,适合的溶剂可以有利于一种或多种反应组分悬液的搅拌。可用于本发明的适合的溶剂的实例是质子溶剂、卤代烃、醚、芳族烃、极性或非极性质子惰性溶剂或其任何混合物。这类混合物例如包括质子溶剂与非质子溶剂的混合物,例如苯/甲醇/水、苯/水、DME/水等。
这些和其他这类适合的溶剂是本领域熟知的,例如参见″AdvancedOrganic Chemistry″,Jerry March,5th edition,John Wiley and Sons,N.Y.。
在某些实施方式中,化合物A与B之间反应生成C是在DME与水的混合物中进行的。
在某些实施方式中,化合物A与B之间反应生成C是在从约20℃至150℃的温度下进行的。在其他实施方式中,化合物A与B之间反应生成C是用约100℃至250℃微波照射进行的。
在其他实施方式中,化合物A与B之间反应生成C是在略微碱性pH下进行的。
按照另一种实施方式,本发明提供式I化合物的前体药物,其中所述前体药物为式II:
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中:
R1是C1-6脂族基团,其中R1可选地被至多2个独立选自-OR、-OR4或-C1-3卤代烷基的基团取代;
每个R独立地是氢或C1-6脂族基;
每个R2独立地是R、氟或氯;
m是0、1或2;
R3是氢、C1-3脂族基、氟或氯;
每个R4独立地是氢、-C(R)2O-R5或R5,其条件是至少一个R4或R8基团不是氢;
每个R5独立地是-C(O)R6、-C(O)OR6、-C(O)-Q-R6、-C(O)-(CH2)n-C(O)OR6、-C(O)-(CH2)n-C(O)N(R7)2、-C(O)-(CH2)n-CH(R6)N(R7)2、-P(O)(OR6)2;
每个R6独立地是氢、可选被取代的C1-6脂族基团或者可选被取代的具有0-4个独立选自氮、氧或硫的杂原子的5-8元饱和、部分不饱和或完全不饱和的环;
每个R7独立地是氢、-C(O)R6、-C(O)OR6、-S(O)2R6、-OR6、可选被取代的C1-6脂族基团或者可选被取代的具有0-4个独立选自氮、氧或硫的杂原子的5-8元饱和、部分不饱和或完全不饱和的环;或者
同一氮原子上的两个R6与其所键合的氮原子一起构成具有1-3个除该氮原子以外独立选自氮、氧或硫的杂原子的4-7元饱和、部分不饱和或完全不饱和的环;
每个n是0-6;
Q是可选被取代的C1-10亚烷基链,其中Q的0-4个亚甲基单元独立地被-O-、-N(R)-、-S-、-S(O)-、-S(O)2-或-C(O)-代替;而
R8是氢或-C(R)2O-R5。
按照某些实施方式,式II的R1基团是可选被-OR或-C1-3卤代烷基取代的C1-4脂族基。在某些实施方式中,式II的R1基团是可选被-OH、-CH2F、-CHF2或-CF3取代的C1-4脂族基。在其他实施方式中,式II的R1基团是可选被-OH取代的C1-4脂族基。在其他实施方式中,R1是未取代的。
按照另一种实施方式,式II的R1基团是异丙基、2-丁基、环丙基或乙基,其中每个基团可选地被-OH、-CHF2、-CH2F或-CF3取代。按照另一种实施方式,式II的R1基团是异丙基、2-丁基、环丙基或乙基,其中每个基团可选地被-OH或-CF3取代。
本发明的另一方面涉及式II化合物,其中每个R2独立地是氢、C1-3脂族基或氯。按照另一方面,本发明涉及式II化合物,其中R2是氯,且m是1。
在其他实施方式中,式II的R3基团是氢、甲基或氯。
在某些实施方式中,R4是C(O)-Q-R6。其他实施方式涉及式II化合物,其中R4是C(O)-Q-R6,且Q是可选被取代的C1-8亚烷基链,其中Q的0-4个亚甲基单元独立地被-O-、-N(R)-、-S-、-S(O)-、-S(O)2-或-C(O)-代替,且R6是如上一般性和这里所述种类和小类所定义。按照另一种实施方式,Q是可选被取代的C1-8亚烷基链,其中Q的2-4个亚甲基单元独立地被-O-代替。这类Q基团包括-CH2OCH2CH2O-、-CH2OCH2CH2OCH2CH2O-等。
本发明的另一方面提供式II化合物,其中R4是C(O)-(CH2)n-CH(R6)N(R7)2。在某些实施方式中,n是0-2。在其他实施方式中,R6是可选被取代的C1-6脂族基团。这类R6基团的实例包括甲基、苄基、乙基、异丙基、叔丁基等。式II的C(O)-(CH2)n-CH(R6)N(R7)2的R7基团包括氢和可选被取代的C1-6脂族基团。这类基团的实例包括甲基、苄基、乙基、异丙基、叔丁基等。
按照一方面,本发明提供式II化合物,其中R8是氢。
按照一种实施方式,R4是L-缬氨酸酯。
在本发明的某些实施方式中,式II的R4基团是-P(O)(OR6)2。在其他实施方式中,每个R6独立地是氢或可选被取代的C1-6脂族基团。这类R6基团的实例包括甲基、苄基、乙基、异丙基、叔丁基等。在其他实施方式中,式II的R4基团是-P(O)(OH)2。
在某些实施方式中,式II化合物提供关于一种或多种物理或生理特征的改进。在其他实施方式中,式II化合物带来关于一种或多种物理和生理特征的改进。
代表性式II化合物如下表2所述。
表2
制备这类前体药物的方法包括下文实施例一节所详细描述的那些和本领域普通技术人员已知的方法。
5、用途、制剂和给药
药学上可接受的组合物
正如上文所讨论的,本发明提供蛋白激酶抑制剂化合物,因而,本发明化合物可用于治疗疾病、病症和状态,包括但不限于癌症、自身免疫病症、神经变性与神经病症、精神分裂症、骨相关性病症、肝疾病和心脏病症。因此,在本发明的另一方面提供药学上可接受的组合物,其中这些组合物包含任何如这里所述的化合物,并且可选地包含药学上可接受的载体、助剂或赋形剂。在某些实施方式中,这些组合物可选地进一步包含一种或多种附加治疗剂。
也将领会到,某些本发明化合物可以以游离态存在以用于治疗,或者在适当时以其药学上可接受的衍生物形式用于治疗。按照本发明,药学上可接受的衍生物包括但不限于药学上可接受的盐、酯、这类酯的盐或者任何其他加合物或衍生物,它们在对有需要的患者给药后能够直接或间接提供这里另外描述的化合物或者其代谢产物或残余物。
这里使用的术语“药学上可接受的盐”是指这样的盐,它们在可靠的药物判定范围内,适合用于与人和低等动物的组织接触而不会产生过度的毒性、刺激、变态反应等,并且具有合理的效果/风险比例。“药学上可接受的盐”意思指本发明化合物的任何无毒性盐或酯的盐,它们在对接受者给药后能够直接或间接提供本发明化合物或者其抑制活性代谢产物或残余物。这里使用的术语“其抑制活性代谢产物或残余物”意味着其代谢产物或残余物也是ERK2蛋白激酶的抑制剂。
药学上可接受的盐是本领域熟知的。例如,S.M.Berge等在J.Pharmaceutical Sciences,1977,66,1-19中详细描述了药学上可接受的盐,引用在此作为参考。本发明化合物的药学上可接受的盐包括从适合的无机与有机酸与碱衍生的那些。药学上可接受的无毒性酸加成盐的实例是与无机酸或有机酸生成的氨基盐,无机酸例如盐酸、氢溴酸、磷酸、硫酸和高氯酸,有机酸例如乙酸、草酸、马来酸、酒石酸、柠檬酸、琥珀酸或丙二酸,或者利用本领域所用的其他方法,例如离子交换形成的盐。其他药学上可接受的盐包括己二酸盐、藻酸盐、抗坏血酸盐、天冬氨酸盐、苯磺酸盐、苯甲酸盐、硫酸氢盐、硼酸盐、丁酸盐、樟脑酸盐、樟脑磺酸盐、柠檬酸盐、环戊烷丙酸盐、二葡糖酸盐、十二烷基硫酸盐、乙磺酸盐、甲酸盐、富马酸盐、葡庚酸盐、甘油磷酸盐、葡糖酸盐、半硫酸盐、庚酸盐、己酸盐、氢碘酸盐、2-羟基乙磺酸盐、乳糖酸盐、乳酸盐、月桂酸盐、月桂基硫酸盐、苹果酸盐、马来酸盐、丙二酸盐、甲磺酸盐、2-萘磺酸盐、烟酸盐、硝酸盐、油酸盐、草酸盐、棕榈酸盐、扑酸盐、果胶酸盐、过硫酸盐、3-苯基丙酸盐、磷酸盐、苦味酸盐、新戊酸盐、丙酸盐、硬脂酸盐、琥珀酸盐、硫酸盐、酒石酸盐、硫氰酸盐、对-甲苯磺酸盐、十一烷酸盐、戊酸盐等。从适当的碱衍生的盐包括碱金属、碱土金属、铵和N+(C1-4烷基)4盐。本发明也涵盖如本文所公开的化合物的任意碱性含氮基团的季铵化作用。借助这类季铵化作用可以得到可溶于水或油或可分散在水或油中的产物。代表性碱金属或碱土金属盐包括钠、锂、钾、钙、镁等。当适当的时候,其他药学上可接受的盐包括无毒的铵盐、季铵盐和胺阳离子盐,利用抗衡离子生成,例如卤化物、氢氧化物、羧酸盐、硫酸盐、磷酸盐、硝酸盐、低级烷基磺酸盐和芳基磺酸盐。
如上所述,本发明的药学上可接受的组合物另外包含药学上可接受的载体、助剂或赋形剂,正如本发明中所述,它们包括适合于所需的特定剂型的任意和所有溶剂、稀释剂或其他液体赋形剂、分散或悬浮助剂、表面活性剂、等渗剂、增稠或乳化剂、防腐剂、固体粘合剂、润滑剂等。Remington′s Pharmaceutical Sciences,SixteenthEdition,E.W.Martin(Mack Publishing Co.,Easton,Pa.,1980)公开了用于配制药学上可接受的组合物的各种载体和用于其制备的已知技术。除了任何常规载体介质与本发明化合物不相容以外,例如产生任何不可取的生物学效应或者以有害方式相互作用于药学上可接受的组合物的任何其他组分,它的使用涵盖在本发明的范围内。能够充当药学上可接受的载体的材料的一些实例包括但不限于离子交换剂;氧化铝;硬脂酸铝;卵磷脂;血清蛋白质,例如血清白蛋白;缓冲物质,例如磷酸盐;甘氨酸;山梨酸或山梨酸钾;饱和植物脂肪酸的偏甘油酯混合物;水;盐或电解质,例如硫酸鱼精蛋白、磷酸氢二钠、磷酸氢钾、氯化钠、锌盐;胶体二氧化硅;三硅酸镁;聚乙烯吡咯烷酮;聚丙烯酸酯;蜡类;聚乙烯-聚氧化丙烯-嵌段聚合物;羊毛脂;糖类,例如乳糖、葡萄糖和蔗糖;淀粉,例如玉米淀粉和马铃薯淀粉;纤维素及其衍生物,例如羧甲基纤维素钠、乙基纤维素和乙酸纤维素;粉碎的黄蓍胶;麦芽;明胶;滑石;赋形剂,例如可可脂和栓剂用蜡;油类,例如花生油、棉籽油、红花油、芝麻油、橄榄油、玉米油和大豆油;二醇,例如丙二醇或聚乙二醇;酯类,例如油酸乙酯和月桂酸乙酯;琼脂;缓冲剂,例如氢氧化镁和氢氧化铝;藻酸;无热原的水;等渗盐水;林格氏溶液;乙醇;磷酸盐缓冲溶液;以及其他无毒的可相容的润滑剂,例如月桂基硫酸钠和硬脂酸镁;根据制剂人员的判断,在组合物中也可以存在着色剂、释放剂、包衣剂、甜味剂、调味剂和香料、防腐剂和抗氧化剂。
化合物和药学上可接受的组合物的用途
在另一方面,提供一种用于治疗癌症、自身免疫病症、神经变性与神经病症、精神分裂症、骨相关性病症、肝疾病或心脏病症或者减轻其严重性的方法,包括对有此需要的受治疗者给予有效量的化合物或者包含化合物的药学上可接受的组合物。在本发明的某些实施方式中,化合物或药学上可接受的组合物的“有效量”是指有效治疗选自如下的疾病、状态或病症或者减轻其严重性的量:癌症、自身免疫病症、神经变性与神经病症、精神分裂症、骨相关性病症、肝疾病或心脏病症。按照本发明的方法,化合物和组合物可以使用有效治疗癌症、自身免疫病症、神经变性与神经病症、精神分裂症、骨相关性病症、肝疾病或心脏病症或者减轻其严重性的任何量和任何给药途径给药。所需确切的量将因受治疗者而异,依赖于受治疗者的种类、年龄与一般条件、感染的严重性、特定的成分、其给药模式等。本发明化合物优选地被配制成剂量单元形式,有易于给药和剂量的一致性。本文所用的表达方式“剂量单元形式”表示物理上离散的药物单元,对所治疗的患者而言是适当的。不过将被理解的是,本发明化合物和组合物的总每日用量将由主治医师在合理的医学判断范围内决定。任意特定患者或生物体的具体有效剂量水平将依赖于多种因素,包括所治疗的状态和状态的严重性;所采用的具体化合物的活性;所采用的具体组合物;患者的年龄、体重、一般健康状况、性别和饮食;给药的时间、给药的途径和所采用的具体化合物的排泄速率;治疗的持续时间;与所采用的具体化合物联合或同时使用的药物;和医药领域熟知的其他因素。本文所用的术语“患者”表示动物,优选哺乳动物,最优选人。
本发明的药学上可接受的组合物可以对人和其他动物口服、直肠、肠胃外、脑池内、阴道内、腹膜内、局部(以粉剂、软膏剂或滴剂)、颊、以口用或鼻用喷雾剂等方式给药,这依赖于所治疗感染的严重性。在某些实施方式中,本发明化合物可以被口服或肠胃外给药,剂量水平为每天约0.01mg/kg至约50mg/kg、优选约1mg/kg至约25mg/kg受治疗者体重,一天一次或多次,以获得所需的治疗效果。
口服给药的液体剂型包括但不限于药学上可接受的乳剂、微乳剂、溶液、悬液、糖浆剂和酏剂。除了活性化合物以外,液体剂型可以含有本领域常用的惰性稀释剂,例如水或其他溶剂,增溶剂和乳化剂,例如乙醇、异丙醇、碳酸乙酯、乙酸乙酯、苄醇、苯甲酸苄基酯、丙二醇、1,3-丁二醇、二甲基甲酰胺、油(特别是棉籽油、花生油、玉米油、麦胚油、橄榄油、蓖麻油和芝麻油)、甘油、四氢糠醇、聚乙二醇和脱水山梨醇的脂肪酸酯,和它们的混合物。除了惰性稀释剂以外,口服组合物还可以包括助剂,例如湿润剂、乳化与悬浮剂、甜味剂、矫味剂和香料。
使用适合的分散或湿润剂和悬浮剂,可以按照已知技术配制可注射制剂,例如无菌可注射的水性或油性悬液。无菌可注射制剂也可以是在无毒的肠胃外可接受的稀释剂或溶剂中的无菌可注射溶液、悬液或乳液,例如在1,3-丁二醇中的溶液。可以采用的可接受的载体和溶剂有水、林格氏溶液、U.S.P.和等渗氯化钠溶液。另外,常规上采用无菌的不挥发油作为溶剂或悬浮介质。为此,可以采用任何温和的固定油,包括合成的单-或二-甘油酯。另外,在注射剂的制备中也可以使用脂肪酸,例如油酸。
可注射制剂可以这样进行灭菌,例如通过细菌截留性滤器过滤,或者掺入无菌固体组合物形式的灭菌剂,可以在使用前将其溶解或分散在无菌的水或其他无菌可注射介质中。
为了延长本发明化合物的作用,经常需要延缓化合物在皮下或肌内注射后的吸收。这可以利用水溶性差的结晶性或无定形物质的液体悬液来实现。化合物的吸收速率取决于它的溶解速率,后者反过来又可能取决于晶体大小和晶型。作为另一种选择,将化合物溶解或悬浮在油类载体中,实现肠胃外给药化合物形式的延迟吸收。可注射的储库形式是这样制备的,在生物可降解的聚合物中,例如聚交酯-聚乙醇酸交酯,生成化合物的微囊包封基质。根据化合物与聚合物的比例和所采用特定聚合物的属性,可以控制化合物的释放速率。其他生物可降解聚合物的实例包括聚(原酸酯)和聚(酸酐)。储库型可注射制剂也可以将化合物包合在与机体组织相容的脂质体或微乳中来制备。
直肠或阴道给药组合物优选地是栓剂,它们可以这样制备,将本发明化合物与适合的无刺激性赋形剂或载体混合,例如可可脂、聚乙二醇或栓剂用蜡,它们在环境温度下是固体,但是在体温下是液体,因此在直肠或阴道腔中融化,释放出活性化合物。
口服给药的固体剂型包括胶囊剂、片剂、丸剂、粉剂和颗粒剂。在这类固体剂型中,将活性化合物与至少一种惰性的药学上可接受的赋形剂或载体混合,例如柠檬酸钠或磷酸二钙,和/或a)填充剂或增容剂,例如淀粉、乳糖、蔗糖、葡萄糖、甘露糖醇和硅酸,b)粘合剂,例如羧甲基纤维素、藻酸盐、明胶、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、蔗糖和阿拉伯胶,c)润湿剂,例如甘油,d)崩解剂,例如琼脂、碳酸钙、马铃薯或木薯淀粉、藻酸、某些硅酸盐和碳酸钠,e)溶解迟延剂,例如石蜡,f)吸收促进剂,例如季铵化合物,g)湿润剂,例如鲸蜡醇和甘油单硬脂酸酯,h)吸收剂,例如高岭土和膨润土,和i)润滑剂,例如滑石、硬脂酸钙、硬脂酸镁、固体聚乙二醇、月桂基硫酸钠及其混合物。在胶囊剂、片剂和丸剂的情况下,该剂型还可以包含缓冲剂。
也可以采用相似类型的固体组合物作为软或硬的填充的明胶胶囊剂中的填充剂,胶囊所用赋形剂例如乳糖或奶糖以及高分子聚乙二醇等。片剂、锭剂、胶囊剂、丸剂和颗粒剂等固体剂型可以带有包衣和外壳,例如肠溶衣和药物配制领域熟知的其他包衣。它们可以可选地含有遮光剂,也可以是仅仅或优先在肠道某一部分释放活性成分的组合物,可选地为延迟的方式。可以使用的包埋组合物的实例包括聚合物质和蜡类。也可以采用相似类型的固体组合物作为软与硬的填充的明胶胶囊剂中的填充剂,胶囊所用赋形剂例如乳糖或奶糖以及高分子聚乙二醇等。
活性化合物也可以是微囊包封的形式,其中含有一种或多种上述赋形剂。片剂、锭剂、胶囊剂、丸剂和颗粒剂等固体剂型可以带有包衣和外壳,例如肠溶衣、释放控制性包衣和药物配制领域熟知的其他包衣。在这类固体剂型中,可以将活性化合物与至少一种惰性稀释剂混合,例如蔗糖、乳糖或淀粉。在正常情况下,这类剂型还可以包含除惰性稀释剂以外的其他物质,例如压片润滑剂和其他压片助剂,例如硬脂酸镁和微晶纤维素。在胶囊剂、片剂和丸剂的情况下,剂型还可以包含缓冲剂。它们可以可选地含有遮光剂,也可以是仅仅或优先在肠道某一部分释放活性成分的组合物,可选地为延迟的方式。可以使用的包埋组合物的实例包括聚合物质和蜡类。
本发明化合物的局部或透皮给药剂型包括软膏剂、糊剂、霜剂、洗剂、凝胶剂、粉剂、溶液、喷雾剂、吸入剂或贴剂。将活性组分在无菌条件下与药学上可接受的载体和任何必需的防腐剂或缓冲剂混合,根据需要而定。眼科制剂、滴耳剂和滴眼剂也被涵盖在本发明的范围内。另外,本发明涵盖透皮贴剂的使用,它们具有控制化合物向机体递送的附加优点。这类剂型可以通过将化合物溶解或分散在恰当的介质中来制备。还可以使用吸收增强剂以增加化合物穿过皮肤的通量。可以通过提供速率控制膜或者将化合物分散在聚合物基质或凝胶中来控制速率。
正如上文一般性描述的,本发明化合物可用作ERK蛋白激酶的抑制剂。在一种实施方式中,本发明的化合物和组合物是一种或两种ERK1和ERK2蛋白激酶的抑制剂,因而不希望受任意特定理论所限,化合物和组合物特别可用于治疗这样一种疾病、状态或障碍或者减轻其严重性,其中一种或两种ERK1和ERK2蛋白激酶的活化在该疾病、状态或病症中有牵连。当ERK1和/或ERK2蛋白激酶的活化在特定疾病、状态或病症中有牵连时,该疾病、状态或病症也可以被称为“ERK1-或ERK2-介导的疾病”、状态或疾病症状。因此,在另一方面,本发明提供治疗这样一种疾病、状态或病症或者减轻其严重性的方法,其中一种或两种ERK1和ERK2蛋白的活化在该疾病、状态或病症中有牵连。
在本发明中用作ERK1和/或ERK2蛋白激酶抑制剂的化合物的活性可以在体外、体内或细胞系中加以测定。体外测定法包括测定对活化ERK1或ERK2蛋白激酶的磷酸化活性或ATP酶活性的抑制作用。另一种体外测定法量化抑制剂与ERK1或ERK2蛋白激酶结合的能力。抑制剂的结合可以这样测量,在结合之前放射性标记抑制剂,分离抑制剂/ERK1或抑制剂/ERK2复合物,再测定所结合的放射性标记的量。作为替代选择,抑制剂的结合可以这样测定,在竞争实验中,将新抑制剂和与已知放射性配体结合的ERK1或ERK2蛋白激酶一起温育。
这里使用的术语“可测量地抑制”表示在包含所述组合物和ERK1或ERK2蛋白激酶的样品与包含ERK1或ERK2蛋白激酶而没有所述组合物存在的等同样品之间ERK1或ERK2蛋白激酶活性有可测量的改变。这类蛋白激酶活性的测量是本领域普通技术人员已知的,包括下文所述那些方法。
按照另一种实施方式,本发明涉及抑制患者ERK1或ERK2蛋白激酶活性的方法,包含对所述患者给予本发明化合物或包含所述化合物的组合物的步骤。
这里使用的术语“ERK-介导的状态”或“疾病”表示任何已知ERK在其中起作用的疾病或其他有害状态。术语“ERK-介导的状态”或“疾病”也表示用ERK抑制剂治疗得以缓解的那些疾病或状态。这类状态非限制性地包括癌症、中风、糖尿病、肝肿大、心血管疾病(包括心肥大)、阿尔茨海默氏病、囊性纤维化、病毒疾病、自身免疫疾病、动脉粥样硬化、再狭窄、牛皮癣、变应性病症(包括哮喘)、炎症、神经病症和激素-相关性疾病。术语“癌症”包括但不限于下列癌症:乳腺、卵巢、宫颈、前列腺、睾丸、泌尿生殖道、食管、喉、成胶质细胞瘤、成神经细胞瘤、胃、皮肤、角化棘皮瘤、肺、表皮样癌、大细胞癌、小细胞癌、肺腺癌、骨、结肠、腺瘤、胰腺、腺癌、甲状腺、滤泡癌、未分化性癌、乳头状癌、精原细胞瘤、黑瘤、肉瘤、膀胱癌、肝癌与胆道、肾癌、髓样症、淋巴样症、何杰金氏、毛发细胞、口腔前庭与咽(口腔)、唇、舌、口、咽、小肠、结肠-直肠、大肠、直肠、脑与中枢神经系统、和白血病。
因此,本发明的另一种实施方式涉及治疗一种或多种已知ERK在其中起作用的疾病或者减轻其严重性。具体而言,本发明涉及治疗选自如下的疾病或状态或者减轻其严重性的方法:癌症、中风、糖尿病、肝肿大、心血管疾病(包括心肥大)、阿尔茨海默氏病、囊性纤维化、病毒疾病、自身免疫疾病、动脉粥样硬化、再狭窄、牛皮癣、变应性病症(包括哮喘)、炎症、神经病症和激素-相关性疾病,其中所述方法包含对有需要的患者给予根据本发明的组合物。
按照另一种实施方式,本发明涉及治疗癌症的方法,该癌症选自乳腺、卵巢、宫颈、前列腺、睾丸、泌尿生殖道、食管、喉、成胶质细胞瘤、成神经细胞瘤、胃、皮肤、角化棘皮瘤、肺、表皮样癌、大细胞癌、小细胞癌、肺腺癌、骨、结肠、腺瘤、胰腺、腺癌、甲状腺、滤泡癌、未分化性癌、乳头状癌、精原细胞瘤、黑瘤、肉瘤、膀胱癌、肝癌与胆道、肾癌、髓样症、淋巴样症、何杰金氏、毛发细胞、口腔前庭与咽(口腔)、唇、舌、口、咽、小肠、结肠-直肠、大肠、直肠、脑与中枢神经系统、和白血病。
另一种实施方式涉及在有需要的患者中治疗黑素瘤、乳腺癌、结肠癌或胰腺癌的方法。
也将被领会到,本发明的化合物和药学上可接受的组合物可以用在联合疗法中,也就是说,化合物和药学上可接受的组合物可以在一种或多种其他所需治疗剂或医药程序同时、之前或随后给药。用在联合方案中的特定疗法组合(治疗剂或程序)将考虑所需治疗剂和/或程序与所要达到的所需治疗效果的可相容性。也将被领会,所用疗法可以对同一病症达到所需效果(例如,本发明化合物可以与另一种用于治疗同一病症的药物同时给药),或者它们可以达到不同的效果(例如控制任何副作用)。正如这里使用的,在正常情况下给药以治疗或预防特定疾病或状态的附加治疗剂被称为“就所治疗的疾病或状态而言是适当的”。
例如,化疗剂或其他抗增殖剂可以与本发明化合物相联合治疗增殖性疾病和癌症。例如,其他可以用于与本发明抗癌剂组合的疗法或抗癌剂包括手术、放射疗法(一些实例有γ-照射、中子束放射疗法、电子束放射疗法、质子疗法、近程疗法和系统性放射性同位素,仅举数例)、内分泌疗法、生物应答改性剂(干扰素、白介素和肿瘤坏死因子(TNF),仅举数例)、高温与冷冻疗法、减弱任何副作用的药物(例如止吐剂)和其他经过批准的化疗药,包括但不限于烷基化药(氮芥、苯丁酸氮芥、环磷酰胺、美法仑、异环磷酰胺)、抗代谢产物(甲氨蝶呤)、嘌呤拮抗剂与嘧啶拮抗剂(6-巯基嘌呤、5-氟尿嘧啶、阿糖胞苷、吉西他滨)、纺锤体抑制剂(长春花碱、长春新碱、长春瑞滨、紫杉醇)、鬼臼毒素(依托泊苷、伊立替康、托泊替康)、抗生素(阿霉素、博莱霉素、丝裂霉素)、亚硝基脲(亚硝脲氮芥、环己亚硝脲)、无机离子(顺铂、卡铂)、酶(天冬酰胺酶)、激素(他莫昔芬、醋酸亮丙瑞林、氟他胺和甲地孕酮)、GleevecTM、阿霉素、地塞米松和环磷酰胺。关于最新癌症疗法的更全面讨论,参见http://www.nci.nih.gov/、FDA批准的肿瘤药物列表http://www.fda.gov/cder/cancer/druglistframe.htm和The Merck Manual,Seventeenth Ed.1999,其全部内容引用在此作为参考。
其他也可以与本发明抑制剂联合的药物实例非限制性地包括:阿尔茨海默式病的治疗剂,例如Aricept和Excelon;帕金森氏病的治疗剂,例如左旋多巴/卡比多巴、恩他卡朋、罗匹尼罗、普拉克索、溴隐亭、培高利特、苯海索和金刚烷胺;治疗多发性硬化(MS)的药物,例如β-干扰素(例如Avonex和Rebif)、Copaxone和米托蒽醌;哮喘的治疗剂,例如沙丁胺醇和Singulair;治疗精神分裂症的药物,例如再普乐、维思通、思瑞康和氟哌啶醇;抗炎剂,例如皮质甾类、TNF阻滞剂、IL-1 RA、硫唑嘌呤、环磷酰胺和柳氮磺胺吡啶;免疫调控与免疫抑制剂,例如环孢菌素、他克莫司、雷帕霉素、霉酚酸吗乙基麦考酚酯、干扰素、皮质甾类、环磷酰胺、硫唑嘌呤和柳氮磺胺吡啶;神经营养因子,例如乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制剂、MAO抑制剂、干扰素、抗惊厥剂、离子通道阻滞剂、利鲁唑和抗帕金森剂;治疗心血管疾病的药物,例如β-阻滞剂、ACE抑制剂、利尿剂、硝酸酯、钙通道阻滞剂和他汀类;治疗肝疾病的药物,例如皮质类固醇、考来烯胺、干扰素和抗病毒剂;治疗血液病的药物,例如皮质类固醇、抗白血病剂和生长因子;和治疗免疫缺陷性疾病的药物,例如γ-球蛋白。
附加治疗剂在本发明组合物中的含量将不超过在包含该治疗剂作为唯一活性成分的组合物中通常的给药量。优选地,附加治疗剂在目前所公开的组合物中的量将是通常的包含该药物作为唯一治疗活性成分的组合物中的含量的约50%至100%。
在另一种实施方式中,采用不含附加治疗剂的组合物的本发明方法包括另外对所述患者单独给予附加治疗剂的步骤。当单独给予这些附加治疗剂时,它们可以在本发明组合物的给药之前、先后或之后对患者给药。
本发明化合物或其药学上可接受的组合物也可以引入到涂覆可植入医药装置的组合物中,例如假肢、人工瓣膜、脉管移植物、斯坦特氏印模(支架)和导管。因此,本发明在另一方面包括涂覆可植入装置的组合物,其包含如上一般性描述和在本文的大类与小类中所述的本发明化合物,和适合于涂覆所述可植入装置的载体。在另一方面,本发明包括涂有组合物的可植入装置,所述组合物包含如上一般性描述和在本文大类与小类中所述的本发明化合物,和适合于涂覆所述可植入装置的载体。
脉管斯坦特氏印模(支架)例如已经用于克服再狭窄(损伤后血管壁的再狭窄)。不过,使用斯坦特氏印模或其他可植入装置的患者面临凝块生成或血小板活化的危险。通过将该装置预先涂覆包含激酶抑制剂的药学上可接受的组合物,可以防止或减轻这些所不希望的效果。适合的涂料和涂覆可植入装置的一般制备方法描述在美国专利6,099,562、5,886,026和5,304,121中。涂料通常是生物可相容的聚合材料,例如水凝胶聚合物、聚甲基二硅氧烷、聚己内酯、聚乙二醇、聚乳酸、乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物和它们的混合物。涂料可以可选地进一步被适合的氟硅酮、多糖、聚乙二醇、磷脂或其组合的表层所覆盖,以赋予组合物的控释特征。
本发明的另一方面涉及在生物样品或患者中抑制ERK1或ERK2蛋白激酶活性,该方法包含对患者给予或者使所述生物样品接触本发明化合物或包含所述化合物的组合物。这里使用的术语“生物样品”非限制性地包括细胞培养物及其提取物;从哺乳动物或其提取物获得的活组织检查材料;和血液、唾液、尿、粪便、精液、泪液或其他体液或其提取物。
在生物样品中抑制ERK1或ERK2蛋白激酶活性可用于本领域技术人员已知的多种目的。这类目的的实例包括但不限于输血、器官移植、生物样本贮存和生物学测定。
具体实施方式
合成实施例
本文所用的术语“Rt(min)”表示与化合物有关的HPLC保留时间,以分钟计。除非另有指示,用于获得所报道的保留时间的HPLC方法如下:
柱子:Agilent/ZORBAX SB-C18/5μm/3.0×150mm/PN 883975-302/SN USBM001410
梯度:10-90%乙腈历经8分钟
流速:1.0ml/分钟
检测:214nm和254nm
除非另有指示,每个1H NMR都是在500MHz下、在CDCl3中获得的,化合物编号对应于在表1中引用的那些化合物编号。
实施例1
2,2,2-三氯-1-(4-碘-1H-吡咯-2-基)乙酮:在氮下,向搅拌着的50g(235mmol,1.0当量)2,2,2-三氯-1-(1H-吡咯-2-基)-乙酮的无水二氯甲烷(400mL)溶液滴加一氯化碘(39g,240mmol,1.02当量)的二氯甲烷(200mL)溶液。将所得混合物在室温下搅拌2小时。将溶液用10%碳酸钾、水、1.0M硫代硫酸钠、饱和氯化钠洗涤,经无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,在减压下浓缩。使固体从己烷/乙酸甲酯中重结晶,得到标题化合物(68.5g,86%),为无色固体(86%)。MS FIA:335.8,337.8ES-。
4-碘-1H-吡咯-2-羧酸甲基酯:在氮下,历经10分钟向搅拌着的2,2,2-三氯-1-(4-碘-1H-吡咯-2-基)乙酮(68g,201mmol,1.0当量)的无水甲醇(400mL)溶液加入甲醇钠的甲醇溶液(4.37M,54mL,235mmol,1.2当量)。将所得混合物在室温下搅拌1小时。在减压下除去挥发物,然后使粗产物在水与叔丁基甲基醚之间分配。分离有机相,用水、饱和氯化钠洗涤两次,经硫酸钠干燥,过滤,在真空下浓缩,得到标题化合物(48g,96%),为无色固体,无需进一步纯化即可直接使用。
4-碘-1-(甲苯-4-磺酰基)-1H-吡咯-2-羧酸甲基酯:将4-碘-1H-吡咯-2-羧酸甲基酯(24.6g,98mmol,1.0当量)溶于二氯甲烷(150mL)和三乙胺(30mL,215.6mmol,2.2当量)。加入4-(二甲氨基)吡啶(1.2g,9.8mmol,0.1当量)和对-甲苯磺酰氯(20.6g,107.8mmol,1.1当量),将反应混合物在室温下搅拌16小时。将反应用1M HCl淬灭,有机层用碳酸氢钠水溶液和盐水洗涤。经硫酸镁干燥后,在减压下除去溶剂,残余物从叔丁基甲基醚中结晶,得到标题化合物,为淡黄色固体(30g,75%)。Rt(min)8.259分钟。
4-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-[1,3,2]二氧硼杂环戊烷-2-基)-1-(甲苯-4-磺酰基)-1H-吡咯-2-羧酸甲基酯:在氮下,向经过脱气的4-碘-1-(甲苯-4-磺酰基)-1H-吡咯-2-羧酸甲基酯(20g,49.4mmol,1.0当量)与双(频哪醇代)二硼烷(15g,65mmol,1.3当量)的DMF(200mL)溶液加入二氯[1,1′-双(二苯膦基)二茂铁]钯(II)二氯甲烷加合物(3.6g,4.9mmol,0.1当量)。然后将反应混合物在80℃下搅拌18小时。在减压下除去DMF后,将所得浓稠的油残余物悬浮在二乙醚(500mL)中,有固体立即沉淀出来。过滤除去该固体,将滤液用1M HCl、水、盐水洗涤,经MgSO4干燥。浓缩,得到标题化合物,为白色固体,无需进一步纯化即可使用(10g,50%)。LC/MS:Rt(min)4.6;406.4ES+.MS FIA:406.2ES+.1HNMRδ1.2(s,12H),2.35(s,3H),3.8(s,3H),7.2(m,3H),7.8(d,2H),8.0(s,1H)。
N,N′-2-(5-氯-4-碘-吡啶基)-异丙基胺:
方法A(微波)
在10mL微波试管中,将5-氯-2-氟-4-碘吡啶(1.0g,3.9mmol,1.0当量)溶于DMSO(4.0mL),然后加入异丙胺(0.99mL,11.7mmol,3.0当量)。将试管密封,放置在150℃微波照射下达600秒。该反应重复六次。合并反应混合物,然后稀释在乙酸乙酯中,用水洗涤。经硫酸钠干燥后,蒸发溶剂,得到标题化合物,为浓稠褐色的油(5.6g,80%),无需进一步纯化即可直接使用。Rt(min)4.614;MS FIA:296.9ES+.1HNMRsssssssδ1.25(d,6H),3.65(m,1H),7.15(s,1H),7.75(s,1H)。
方法B(热学)
将5-氯-2-氟-4-碘吡啶(400mg,1.55mmol,1.0当量)溶于乙醇(5.0mL),然后加入异丙胺(0.66mL,7.8mmol,5.0当量)。将所得溶液在80℃下搅拌48小时。然后将反应混合物稀释在乙酸乙酯中,用水洗涤。经硫酸钠干燥后,蒸发溶剂,得到浓稠褐色的油,然后经过硅胶快速色谱纯化,用己烷/乙酸乙酯的混合物洗脱(从99∶1至80∶20),得到标题化合物,为淡黄色固体(96mg,21%)。
4-(5-氯-2-异丙氨基吡啶-4-基)-1-(甲苯-4-磺酰基)-1H-吡咯-2-羧酸甲基酯:向N,N′-2-(5-氯-4-碘-吡啶基)-异丙基胺(0.53g,1.8mmol,1.0当量)与4-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-[1,3,2]二氧硼杂环戊烷-2-基)-1-(甲苯-4-磺酰基)-1H-吡咯-2-羧酸甲基酯(0.78g,1.8mmol,1.0当量)的DME(4.0mL)溶液加入2M碳酸钠水溶液(1.0mL),继之以Pd(PPh3)4(0.21mg,0.18mmol,0.1当量)。将微波试管密封,在170℃下用微波照射反应混合物达1800秒。合并六次反应的粗产物,稀释在乙酸乙酯中,用水洗涤。有机层用硫酸钠干燥后,除去溶剂,使所得浓稠的油吸附在硅胶上。粗产物然后经过二氧化硅快速色谱纯化,用己烷/乙酸乙酯混合物洗脱(从99∶1至70∶30),得到标题化合物,为黄色固体(3.1g,61%历经两步)。Rt(min)6.556.MS FIA:448.1ES+.1HNMRδ1.45(d,6H),2.5(s,3H),3.81(s,3H),6.8(s,1H),7.35(s,1H),7.4(d,2H),8.0(m,3H),8.3(s,1H)。
4-(5-氯-2-异丙氨基吡啶-4-基)-1-(2,4,6-三甲基苯磺酰基)-1H-吡咯-2-羧酸甲基酯:向N,N′-2-(5-氯-4-碘-吡啶基)-异丙基胺(96mg,0.32mmol,1.0当量)与4-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-[1,3,2]二氧硼杂环戊烷-2-基)-1-(2,4,6-三甲基苯磺酰基)-1H-吡咯-2-羧酸甲基酯(152mg,0.35mmol,1.1当量)的DME(2mL)溶液加入2M碳酸钠水溶液(0.2mL),继之以Pd(PPh3)4(37mg,0.032mmol,0.1当量)。将反应混合物在80℃下搅拌16小时。将粗产物稀释在乙酸乙酯中,用水洗涤。有机层用硫酸钠干燥后,除去溶剂,使所得浓稠的油吸附在硅胶上。粗产物然后经过二氧化硅快速色谱纯化,用己烷/乙酸乙酯混合物洗脱(从99∶1至80∶20),得到标题化合物,为黄色固体(65mg,43%)。Rt(min)7.290.MS FIA:476.1ES+。
4-(5-氯-2-异丙氨基吡啶-4-基)-1H-吡咯-2-羧酸:
方法A(微波)
将4-(5-氯-2-异丙氨基吡啶-4-基)-1-(甲苯-4-磺酰基)-1H-吡咯-2-羧酸甲基酯(3.1g,6.9mmol,1.0当量)的THF(2.0mL)溶液加入到氢氧化锂一水合物(710mg,17.3mmol,2.5当量)的水(3.0mL)溶液中。将微波试管密封,在150℃下用微波照射反应混合物达1200秒。粗溶液用6N HCl水溶液酸化。蒸发除去溶剂,得到标题化合物,无需进一步纯化即可直接使用。Rt(min):3.574。FIA MS:279.9ES+;278.2ES-。
方法B(热学)
将4-(5-氯-2-异丙氨基吡啶-4-基)-1-(2,4,6-三甲基苯磺酰基)-1H-吡咯-2-羧酸甲基酯(0.69g,1.4mmol,1.0当量)的THF(3.0mL)溶液加入到氢氧化锂一水合物(1.19g,29mmol,20.0当量)的水(3.0mL)溶液中。然后使混合物回流8小时。将粗溶液用6N HCl水溶液酸化直至浑浊,部分除去有机溶剂,产物沉淀出来。过滤分离标题化合物,用水和二乙醚洗涤,得到白色固体(0.38g,96%)。
4-(5-氯-2-异丙氨基吡啶-4-基)-1H-吡咯-2-羧酸[1-(3-氯苯基)-2-羟基乙基]酰胺:向4-(5-氯-2-异丙氨基吡啶-4-基)-1H-吡咯-2-羧酸(1.93g,6.9mmol,1.0当量)的DMF(5.0mL)悬液加入EDCI(1.45g,7.6mmol,1.1当量)、HOBt(0.94g,6.9mmol,1.0当量)和(S)-3-氯苯基glycynol(1.58g,7.6mmol,1.1当量)。然后加入二异丙基乙胺(2.7mL),将所得混合物在室温下搅拌过夜。然后将混合物倒入水中,用乙酸乙酯萃取。经硫酸钠干燥后,除去溶剂,使粗产物吸附在硅胶上。借助二氧化硅快速色谱进行纯化,用己烷/丙酮混合物洗脱(从80∶20至60∶40),得到标题化合物,为白色固体(1.9g,64%)。Rt(min)4.981s.FIA MS:433.1ES+;431.2ES-.1HNMR(CD3OD)δ1.31(d,6H),3.85(m,3H),5.15(t,1H),7.01(s,1H),7.25(m,3H),7.4(s,1H),7.45(s,1H),7.7(s,1H),7.95(s,1H)。
实施例2
也按照下列替代方法制备化合物I-9:
2,5-二氯-4-硝基吡啶N-氧化物:向2-氯-5-氯吡啶(10g,0.067mol)的乙酸酐(25mL)悬液逐份加入30%过氧化氢(25mL)。将该混合物在室温下搅拌24小时,然后在60℃下加热30小时。在减压下除去过量乙酸后,将残余物逐份加入到浓硫酸(15mL)中。将所得溶液加入到浓硫酸(15mL)与发烟硝酸(25mL)的混合物中,然后在100℃下加热90分钟。将反应混合物倒在冰上,用固体碳酸铵中和,最后用氨水中和直至获得碱性pH。有沉淀生成。过滤收集沉淀,得到标题化合物,为淡黄色固体(3.1g),Rt(min)3.75。MS FIA显示没有峰。1HNMR(DMSO-d6)δ8.78(s,1H),9.15(s,1H)。
4-溴-2-氯-5-N-异丙基吡啶-2-胺N-氧化物:向2,5-二氯-4-硝基吡啶N-氧化物(400mg,1.9mmol)非常缓慢地加入乙酰溴(2mL)。然后将反应混合物在80℃下加热10分钟。在氮气流下除去溶剂,在高真空下干燥粗产物。将粗产物(165mg,0.62mmol)溶于乙醇(2mL),加入异丙胺(0.53mL),将所得混合物在80℃下加热2小时。粗溶液然后经过反相HPLC纯化(乙腈/水/TFA 1%),得到标题化合物,为淡黄色固体(60mg,36.6%)。Rt(min)5.275.MS FIA264.8,266.9ES+。
4-(5-氯-2-异丙氨基吡啶-4-基)-1H-吡咯-2-羧酸[1-(3-氯苯基)-2-羟基乙基]酰胺(I-9):将4-溴-2-氯-5-N-异丙基吡啶-2-胺N-氧化物(25mg,0.094mmol,1.0当量)和4-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-[1,3,2]二氧硼杂环戊烷-2-基)-1-(2,4,6-三甲基苯磺酰基)-1H-吡咯-2-羧酸甲基酯(39mg,0.094mmol,1.0当量)溶于苯(5mL),然后加入2M Na2CO3水溶液(1mL)和Pd(PPh3)4(115.6mg,0.1mmol,0.2当量),将所得悬液在80℃回流下加热16小时。将反应混合物稀释在乙酸乙酯中,用水洗涤,经无水硫酸钠干燥,得到4-(5-氯-2-异丙氨基-吡啶-4-基)-1-(2,4,6-三甲基-苯磺酰基)-1H-吡咯-2-羧酸甲基酯N-氧化物(Rt(min)6.859.MS FIA:492.0ES+),然后在室温下用2M PCl3的二氯甲烷溶液(1mL)处理。10分钟后,在氮气流下除去溶剂,将粗油溶于甲醇(1mL)和1M NaOH水溶液(1mL)。将所得混合物在回流下加热16小时,粗溶液然后用1M HCl水溶液酸化,除去溶剂。将所得4-(5-氯-2-异丙氨基-吡啶-4-基)-1H-吡咯-2-羧酸(Rt(min)3.527.MS FIA:279.4ES+;278.2Es-)以及EDCI(36mg,0.19mmol,2当量)、HOBt(26mg,0.19mmol,2当量)、(S)-3-氯苯基glycinol HCl盐(59mg,0.28mmol,3当量)和DIEA(0.12mL,0.75mmol,8当量)悬浮在DMF(3mL)中。将所得混合物在室温下搅拌16小时。将反应混合物稀释在乙酸乙酯中,用水洗涤,经硫酸钠干燥。在减压下除去溶剂后,粗产物经过反相HPLC纯化(乙腈/水/TFA1%),得到标题化合物,为白色固体(4.8mg,8.1%)。
实施例3
如下制备化合物I-3:
2-氯-5-甲基-4-硝基吡啶N-氧化物:以基本上与Z.Talik,A.Puszko,
Roczniki Chemii Ann.Soc.Chim.Polonorum 1976,
50,2209所述相似的方式制备标题化合物如下。向2-氯-5-甲基吡啶(10g,0.078mol)的乙酸酐(25mL)悬液逐份加入30%过氧化氢(25mL)。将该混合物在室温下搅拌24小时,然后在60℃下加热30小时。在减压下除去过量乙酸后,将残余物逐份敬爱如到浓硫酸(15mL)中。将所得溶液加入到浓硫酸(15mL)与发烟硝酸(25mL)的混合物中,然后在100℃下加热90分钟。将反应混合物倒在冰上,用固体碳酸铵中和,最后用氨水中和直至获得碱性pH,有沉淀生成。过滤收集该沉淀,得到标题化合物,为淡黄色固体(9.4g,0.050mol,Rt(min)3.272,FIA ES+188.9,ES-188.0)。
2-((S)-1-羟甲基丙基氨基)-5-甲基-4-硝基-吡啶N-氧化物:将2-氯-5-甲基-4-硝基吡啶N-氧化物(200mg,1.06mmol,1.0当量)溶于乙醇(1.5mL)。然后加入(S)-2-氨基丁醇(284mg,3.2mmol,3.0当量),使所得混合物回流16小时。粗溶液然后经过反相HPLC纯化(乙腈/水/TFA),得到标题化合物,为褐色固体(146mg,0.61mmol,Rt(min)3.787;FIA ES+241.8,ES-未观测)。
乙酸2-(4-溴-5-甲基吡啶-2-基氨基)-丁基酯:将2-((S)-1-羟甲基丙基氨基)-5-甲基-4-硝基-吡啶N-氧化物(146mg,0.61mmol)溶于乙酰溴(1.5mL)。然后将混合物在90℃下加热3小时。在氮气流下蒸发除去乙酰溴,将粗产物溶于2M PCl3的二氯甲烷溶液(2mL)。将所得混合物在室温下搅拌1小时,将反应混合物倒入饱和NaHCO3水溶液中,用乙酸乙酯萃取。将有机层用水洗涤,溶剂然后经Na2SO4干燥,在减压下除去,得到标题化合物,为褐色的油(149mg,Rt(min)4.146;FIA ES+300.9,ES-未观测)。
4-[2-(S)-(1-乙酰氧基甲基丙基氨基)-5-甲基吡啶-4-基]-1-(2,4,6-三甲基苯磺酰基)-1H-吡咯-2-羧酸甲基酯:向乙酸2-(4-溴-5-甲基吡啶-2-基氨基)丁基酯(149mg,0.5mmol,1.0当量)与4-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-[1,3,2]二氧硼杂环戊烷-2-基)-1-(2,4,6-三甲基苯磺酰基)-1H-吡咯-2-羧酸甲基酯(215mg,0.50mmol,1.0当量)的苯(5mL)溶液加入2M Na2CO3水溶液(1mL)和Pd(PPh3)4(115.6mg,0.1mmol,0.2当量)。在回流下加热16小时后,将混合物倒在水中,用乙酸乙酯萃取。有机萃取液经Na2SO4干燥,在减压下除去溶剂,得到标题化合物(Rt(min)6.684;FIA ES+528.3,ES-未观测),进行下一步。
4-[2-(S)-羟甲基丙基氨基)-5-甲基吡啶-4-基]-1H-吡咯-2-羧酸[1-(S)-(3-氯苯基)gylcinol]酰胺(I-3):将粗的4-[2-(S)-(1-乙酰氧基甲基丙基氨基)-5-甲基吡啶-4-基]-1-(2,4,6-三甲基苯磺酰基)-1H-吡咯-2-羧酸甲基酯溶于甲醇(1.5mL)和1M NaOH水溶液(2mL),将混合物在回流下加热16小时。用1M HCl水溶液(2.2mL)酸化后,在减压下除去溶剂,然后将粗产物悬浮在DMF(5mL)中。加入EDCI(192mg,1.0mmol)、HOBt(135mg,1.0mmol)和DIEA(0.48mL,3.0mmol)后,将混合物在室温下搅拌30分钟,然后加入(S)-3-氯苯基glycinol HCl盐(312mg,1.5mmol),然后将反应混合物在室温下搅拌16小时。将反应混合物溶于乙酸乙酯,用水洗涤,有机层经Na2SO4干燥,在减压下除去溶剂。粗残余物经过反相HPLC纯化(乙腈/水/TFA),得到标题化合物,为无色固体(29.3mg,0.07mmol,Rt(min)4.563;FIA ES+443.1,ES-441.5,ES+443.1,ES-441.5;1HNMR(CD3OD)δ1.0(t,3H),1.50(m,1H),1.7(m,1H),2.3(s,3H),3.5(m,1H),3.7(m,2H),3.8(m,2H),5.1(t,1H),7.0(s,1H),7.3(m,4H),7.4(2s,2H),7.6(s,1H)。
实施例4
鉴别数据
借助基本上与上述实施例1-3所述那些相似的方法和本领域普通技术人员已知的方法制备本发明化合物。这些化合物的鉴别数据总结在下表3中,包括HPLC、MS和1H NMR数据。除非另有指定,1H NMR数据是在500MHz下获得的,所有所报道的化学漂移均为ppm。化合物编号对应于在表1、2和3中列举的化合物编号。这里使用的术语“Rt”表示保留时间,以分钟计,利用上述HPLC方法获得。若对任何给定化合物进行一种以上分析性测量,如这里所述,仅提供单一的示范性测量。
表3:所选择的式I化合物的鉴别数据
化合物# | M+1 | Rt | 1HNMR |
I-1 | 413.00 | 2.10 | (CD3OD)1.3(d,6H),2.3(s,3H),3.7(m,3H),5.1(t,1H),6.9(s,1H),7.2(m,4H),7.4(bs,2H),7.6(s,1H) |
I-2 | 379.20 | 2.00 | (CD3OD)1.3(d,6H),2.3(s,3H),3.85(m,3H),5.15(t,1H),6.99s,1H),7.2(t,1H),7.3(m,6H),7.55(s,1H) |
I-3 | 443.10 | 2.10 | (CD3OD)1.0(t,3H),1.5(m,1H),1.7(m,1H),2.3(s,3H),3.5(m,1H),3.7(m,2H),3.8(m,2H),5.1(t,1H),7.0(s,1H),7.3(m,4H),7.4(two s,2H),7.6(s,1H) |
I-4 | 393.30 | 2.10 | (CD3OD)1.0(t,3H),1.3(d,3H),1.65(m,2H),2.35(s,3H),3.6(m,1H),3.8(m,2H),5.15(t,1H),6.95(s,1H),7.2(t,1H),7.3(t,3H),7.4(d,1H),7.45(s,1H),7.6(s,1H) |
化合物# | M+1 | Rt | 1HNMR |
I-5 | 427.20 | 2.40 | (CD3OD)1.0(t,3H),1.2(d,3H),1.6(m,2H),2.3(s,3H),3.75(m,1H),3.85(m,2H),5.15(t,1H),6.95(s,1H),7.3(m,4H),7.5(two s,2H),7.6(s,1H) |
I-6 | 427.10 | 2.30 | (CD3OD)0.9(,3H),1.25(d,3H),1.55(m,2H),2.25(s,3H),3.7(m,1H),3.85(m,2H),5.15(t,1H),6.6(s,1H),7.2(m,4H),7.5(s,1H),7.75(s,1H) |
I-7 | 427.10 | 2.40 | (CD3OD)1.1(d,6H),1.9(m,1H),2.35(s,3H),3.15(d,1H),3.8(m,2H),5.2(m,1H),7.0(s,1H),7.3(m,4H),7.4(s,1H),7.6(s,1H) |
I-8 | 411.10 | 2.20 | (CD3OD)0.65(m,2H),0.95(m,2H),2.4(s,3H),2.65(m,1H),3.8(m,2H),5.15(t,1H),7.0(s,1H),7.2(t,1H),7.3(m,3H),7.4(s,1H),7.45(s,1H),7.75(s,1H) |
I-9 | 433.70 | 2.30 | (CD3OD)1.2(d,6H),3.8(m,2H),3.85(m,1H),5.1(t,1H)7.0(s,1H),7.2(m,3H),7.35(s,1H),7.4(7.65(s,1H),7.9(s,1H) |
I-10 | 399.90 | 2.10 | (CD3OD)1.2(d,6H),3.8(d,2H),3.9(m,1H),5.1(t,1H),6.6(s,1H),7.2(t,1H),7.3(m,5H),7.45(s,1H),7.9(s,1H) |
I-11 | 415.10 | 1.90 | (CD3OD)1.25(d,3H),3.5(m,1H),3.7(m,1H),3.8(m,2H),3.9(m,1H),5.2(t,1H),7.2(t,1H),7.3(t,2H),7.35(m,2H),7.45(s,1H),7.65(s,1H),7.9(s,1H) |
I-12 | 449.00 | 2.20 | (CD3OD)1.2(d,3H),3.5(m,1H),3.7(m,1H),3.8(m,2H),3.9(m,1H),5.1(t,1H),7.1(s,1H),7.3(m,3H),7.4(s,1H),7.45(s,1H),7.7(s,1H),7.9(s,1H) |
I-13 | 462.90 | 2.20 | (CD3OD)1.0(t,3H),1.6(m,1H),1.7(m,1H),3.55(m,1H),3.7(m,2H),3.8(m,2H),5.15(t,1H),7.1(s,1H),7.2(m,3H),7.4(s,1H),7.5(s,1H),7.7(s,1H),7.9(s,1H) |
I-14 | 429.00 | 2.00 | (CD3OD)1.0(t,3H),1.55(m,1H),1.75(m,1H),3.5(m,1H),3.7(m,2H),3.8(m,2H),5.1(t,1H),7.1(s,1H),7.2(d,1H),7.3(t,2H),7.35(m,2H),7.4(s,1H),7.7(s,1H),7.9(s,1H) |
I-15 | 447.10 | 2.50 | (CD3OD)1.0(t,2H),1.3(d,3H),1.7(m,2H),3.7(m,1H),3.85(m,2H),5.15(t,1H),7.1(s,1H),7.25(m,3H),7.4(s,1H),7.5(s,1H),7.7(s,1H) |
I-16 | 477.00 | 2.40 | (CD3OD)1.0(t,3H),1.6(m,1H),1.8(m,1H),3.6(m,1H),3.7(m,2H),3.85(m,2H),3.9(s,3H),5.1(t,1H),7.1(s,1H),7.25(m,1H),7.3(m,2H),7.4(2s,2H),7.7(s,1H),7.95(s,1H) |
I-17 | 433.00 | 2.30 | (CD3OD):8.0(s,1H),7.7(s,1H),7.25-7.5(m,6H),5.15(m,1H),3.8-3.95(m,3H),1.3(d,6H) |
I-18 | 449.00 | 2.36 | (CD3OD)7.96(s,1H);7.7(s,1H);7.48(s,1H);7.42(s,1H);7.32(s,2H);7.24(s,2H);7.2(s,1H);5.15(t,1H);3.8-4.0(m.5H);3.72(m,1H);3.57(m,1H);1.3(s,3H) |
实施例5
前体药物的合成
借助本领域普通技术人员已知的多种方法,从式I羟基化合物制备式II前体药物。这些方法包括但不限于酰化作用,生成所需的羧酸或磷酸酯。当式I的羟基基团被所需氨基酸酰化时,氨基酸的氨基基团可以可选地被适合的氨基保护基团保护起来,如上所述。
下面详细描述化合物I-9的L-缬氨酸前体药物的制备。
(2S)-(S)-2-(4-(5-氯-2-(异丙氨基)吡啶-4-基)-1H-吡咯-2-酰氨基)-2-(3-氯苯基)乙基-2-氨基-2-甲基丁酸酯(II-1):向化合物I-9(1g,2.3mmol,1.0当量)的二氯甲烷(50mL)溶液加入DIEA(1.1mL,6.9mmol,3.0当量)和N-BOC-L-缬氨酸(1.2g,5.52mmol,2.4当量)。然后缓慢加入PyBOP(2.9g,5.75mmol,2.5当量),将所得混合物在室温下搅拌48小时。然后将混合物用水洗涤,经硫酸钠干燥。使粗固体吸附在二氧化硅上,然后经过快速色谱纯化,用己烷/乙酸乙酯的混合物洗脱(从90∶10至50∶50),得到Boc-保护的化合物,为白色固体(786mg)。将该中间体(761mg,1.2mmol)溶于二烷(1mL),用4M HCl的二烷溶液处理。将所得混合物在室温下搅拌16小时。然后除去溶剂,得到标题化合物的2xHCl盐,为白色固体(571mg)。HPLC Rt:4.56分钟.FIA MS:531.9ES+;529.8ES-.LC/MS:Rt:2.07分钟;532.0ES+;530.1ES-.1HNMR(CD3OD)δ0.9(dd,6H),1.35(d,6H),2.2(m,1H),3.9(m,2H),4.7(m,2H),5.6(m,1H),7.1(s,1H),7.3(d,1H),7.35(t,1H),7.4(d,1H),7.5(s,1H),7.6(s,1H),7.75(s,1H),7.95(s,1H)。
下面详细描述化合物I-9的磷酸酯前体药物的制备。
二叔丁基4-(5-氯-2-(异丙氨基)吡啶-4-基)-N-((S)-1-(3-氯苯基)-2-羟基乙基)-1H-吡咯-2-酰胺磷酸酯:在室温氮下,将化合物I-9(1g,2.3mmol,1.0当量)和四唑(241mg,3.45mmol,1.5当量)溶于二氯甲烷(5mL)和乙腈(5mL)。滴加二异丙基氨基磷酸二叔丁基酯(1.1mL,3.45mmol,1.5当量),将所得混合物搅拌16小时。然后将反应混合物在冰浴上冷却,用6M叔丁基羟基过氧化物溶液(3mL)处理,搅拌20分钟。将澄清的溶液稀释在二氯甲烷和少量甲醇中,用Na2S2O3、水洗涤,经硫酸钠干燥。使粗油吸附在硅胶上,先经过快速色谱纯化,用己烷/丙酮的混合物洗脱(从90∶10至60∶40),再经过反相HPLC纯化(乙腈/水/1%TFA),得到二叔丁基醚中间体,为白色固体(336mg)。HPLC Rt:6.53分钟,MS FIA:625.0ES+;623.1ES-。
4-(5-氯-2-(异丙氨基)吡啶-4-基)-N-((S)-1-(3-氯苯基)-2-羟基乙基)-1H-吡咯-2-酰胺磷酸酯(II-2):将叔丁基磷酸酯中间体(336mg,0.54mmol)悬浮在二烷(5mL)中,加入4M HCl的二烷溶液。将所得混合物在室温下搅拌1小时。然后除去溶剂,将游离磷酸酯溶于DMSO(15mL)、甲醇(50mL)与水(25mL)的溶液,用2M Na2CO3溶液(0.25mL)处理。在减压下除去甲醇,利用冻干机除去水/DMSO混合物,得到标题化合物,为灰白色固体(187mg)。HPLC Rt:4.24分钟.FIAMS:512.9ES+;510.9ES-.LC/MS:Rt2.39分钟;512.9ES+;510.9ES-.1HNMR(CD3OD)δ1.2(d,6H),3.9(m,1H),4.1(dm,2H),5.1(m,1H),6.7(s,1H),7.2(d,1H),7.25(t,1H),7.3(m,2H),7.45(s,1H),7.55(s,1H),7.9(s,1H)。
实施例6
ERK2抑制作用测定
通过分光光度偶联酶测定法测定化合物的ERK2抑制作用(Fox etal.,(1998)Protein Sci 7,2249)。该测定法中,在含有10mM MgCl2、2.5mM磷酸烯醇丙酮酸、200μM NADH、150μg/ml丙酮酸激酶、50μg/ml乳酸脱氢酶和200μM erk肽的0.1M HEPES缓冲液(pH 7.5)中,将固定浓度的活化ERK2(10nM)与各种浓度的化合物在2.5%DMSO中的溶液一起在30℃下温育10min。加入65μM ATP引发反应。监测340nM下的吸光度减少率。从速率数据评价IC50,作为抑制剂浓度的函数。
发现本发明化合物是ERK2蛋白激酶的抑制剂。在某些实施方式中,发现化合物在<0.1μM下抑制ERK2激酶。在其他实施方式中,发现化合物在<0.01μM下抑制ERK2激酶。
实施例7
ERK1抑制作用测定
通过分光光度偶联酶测定法测定化合物的ERK1抑制作用(Fox etal.,(1998)Protein Sci 7,2249)。该测定法中,在含有10mM MgCl2、2.5mM磷酸烯醇丙酮酸、200μM NADH、30μg/ml丙酮酸激酶、10μg/ml乳酸脱氢酶和150μM erk肽的0.1M HEPES缓冲液(pH 7.6)中,将固定浓度的活化ERK1(20nM)与各种浓度的化合物在2.0%DMSO中的溶液一起在30℃下温育10min。加入140μM ATP(20μL)引发反应。监测340nM下的吸光度减少率。从速率数据评价Ki,作为抑制剂浓度的函数。
尽管我们已经描述了本发明的大量实施方式,不过显然我们的基本实施例是可以改变的,以提供采用本发明化合物和方法的其他实施方式。因此,将被领会到的是本发明的范围受所附权利要求而非具体实施方式的限定,后者仅供例证。
Claims (33)
1、式I化合物:
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中:
R1是C1-6脂族基团,其中R1可选地被至多2个独立选自-OR或-C1-3卤代烷基的基团取代;
每个R独立地是氢或C1-4脂族基;
每个R2独立地是R、氟或氯;
m是0、1或2;而
R3是氢、C1-3脂族基、氟或氯。
2、根据权利要求1的化合物,其中R1是可选被-OR或-C1-3卤代烷基取代的C1-4脂族基。
3、根据权利要求2的化合物,其中R1是可选被-OH、-CHF2、-CH2F或-CF3取代的C1-4脂族基。
4、根据权利要求3的化合物,其中R1是异丙基、2-丁基、环丙基或乙基,其中每个基团可选地被-OH或-CF3取代。
5、根据权利要求1的化合物,其中R2是氢、C1-3脂族基或氯。
6、根据权利要求1的化合物,其中R3是氢、甲基或氯。
8、式II化合物:
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中:
R1是C1-6脂族基团,其中R1可选地被至多2个独立选自-OR、-OR4或-C1-3卤代烷基的基团取代;
每个R独立地是氢或C1-6脂族基;
每个R2独立地是R、氟或氯;
m是0、1或2;
R3是氢、C1-3脂族基、氟或氯;
每个R4独立地是氢、-C(R)2O-R5或R5,其条件是至少一个R4或R8基团不是氢;
每个R5独立地是-C(O)R6、-C(O)OR6、-C(O)-Q-R6、-C(O)-(CH2)n-C(O)OR6、-C(O)-(CH2)n-C(O)N(R7)2、-C(O)-(CH2)n-CH(R6)N(R7)2、-P(O)(OR6)2;
每个R6独立地是氢、可选被取代的C1-6脂族基团或者可选被取代的具有0-4个独立选自氮、氧或硫的杂原子的5-8元饱和、部分不饱和或完全不饱和的环;
每个R7独立地是氢、-C(O)R6、-C(O)OR6、-S(O)2R6、-OR6、可选被取代的C1-6脂族基团或者可选被取代的具有0-4个独立选自氮、氧或硫的杂原子的5-8元饱和、部分不饱和或完全不饱和的环;或者
同一氮原子上的两个R6与其所键合的氮原子一起构成具有1-3个除该氮原子以外独立选自氮、氧或硫的杂原子的4-7元饱和、部分不饱和或完全不饱和的环;
每个n是0-6;
Q是可选被取代的C1-10亚烷基链,其中Q的0-4个亚甲基单元独立地被-O-、-N(R)-、-S-、-S(O)-、-S(O)2-或-C(O)-代替;而
R8是氢或-C(R)2O-R5。
9、根据权利要求8的化合物,其中R4是C(O)-Q-R6。
10、根据权利要求9的化合物,其中Q是可选被取代的C1-8亚烷基链,其中Q的0-4个亚甲基单元独立地被-O-、-N(R)-、-S-、-S(O)-、-S(O)2-或-C(O)-代替。
11、根据权利要求10的化合物,其中Q是可选被取代的C1-8亚烷基链,其中Q的2-4个亚甲基单元独立地被-O-代替。
12、根据权利要求8的化合物,其中R4是C(O)-(CH2)n-CH(R6)N(R7)2。
13、根据权利要求12的化合物,其中:
n是0-2;
R6是可选被取代的C1-6脂族基团;而
R7是氢或可选被取代的C1-6脂族基团。
14、根据权利要求8的化合物,其中R4是L-缬氨酸酯。
15、根据权利要求8的化合物,其中R4是-P(O)(OR6)2。
18、式B化合物:
或其盐,其中:
R1是C1-6脂族基团,其中R1可选地被至多2个独立选自-OR或-C1-3卤代烷基的基团取代;
每个R独立地是氢或C1-4脂族基;
R3是氢、C1-3脂族基、氟或氯;而
L2是适合的离去基团。
22、组合物,包含根据权利要求1或8的化合物和药学上可接受的载体、助剂或赋形剂。
23、根据权利要求22的组合物,其中所述组合物进一步包含附加治疗剂,选自化学治疗或抗增殖剂、抗炎剂、免疫调控或免疫抑制剂、治疗神经病症的药物、治疗心血管疾病的药物、治疗破坏性骨病的药物、治疗肝疾病的药物、抗病毒剂、治疗血液病的药物、治疗糖尿病的药物或者治疗免疫缺陷病的药物。
24、在生物样品中抑制ERK1或ERK2蛋白激酶活性的方法,该方法包括使所述生物样品与:
a)根据权利要求22的组合物;
b)根据权利要求1的化合物;或者
c)根据权利要求8的化合物
接触。
25、在患者中抑制ERK1或ERK2蛋白激酶活性的方法,该方法包括对所述患者给予:
a)根据权利要求22的组合物;
b)根据权利要求1的化合物;或者
c)根据权利要求8的化合物。
26、在有需要的患者中治疗疾病、状态或病症或者减轻其严重性的方法,所述疾病、状态或病症选自增殖病症、心脏病症、神经变性病症、自身免疫病症、与器官移植有关的状态、炎性病症、免疫介导的病症或骨病,该方法包括对所述患者给予:
a)根据权利要求22的组合物;
b)根据权利要求1的化合物;或者
c)根据权利要求8的化合物
的步骤。
27、根据权利要求26的方法,其中所述疾病、病症或状态是选自下列部位的癌症:乳腺、卵巢、宫颈、前列腺、睾丸、泌尿生殖道、食管、喉、成胶质细胞瘤、成神经细胞瘤、胃、皮肤、角化棘皮瘤、肺、表皮样癌、大细胞癌、小细胞癌、肺腺癌、骨、结肠、腺瘤、胰腺、腺癌、甲状腺、滤泡癌、未分化性癌、乳头状癌、精原细胞瘤、黑瘤、肉瘤、膀胱癌、肝癌与胆道、肾癌、髓样症、淋巴样症、何杰金氏、毛发细胞、口腔前庭与咽(口腔)、唇、舌、口、咽、小肠、结肠-直肠、大肠、直肠、脑与中枢神经系统、或白血病。
28、根据权利要求27的方法,其中所述疾病、病症或状态是黑素瘤或者选自乳腺、结肠或胰腺的癌症。
29、根据权利要求1的化合物,其中:
R1是异丙基或2-丁基,其中R1可选地被一个-OH取代;
R2是H或Cl;
m是1;而
R3是Cl或甲基。
30、根据权利要求18的化合物,其中R1是异丙基或2-丁基,其中R1可选地被一个-OH取代。
31、根据权利要求18的化合物,其中R3是Cl或甲基。
32、根据权利要求18的化合物,其中L2是I、Br、Cl或烃基代硼酸。
33、根据权利要求18的化合物,其中R1是异丙基或2-丁基,其中R1可选地被一个-OH取代;R3是Cl或甲基;且L2是I、Br、Cl或烃基代硼酸。
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- 2019-12-03 CY CY20191101265T patent/CY1122336T1/el unknown
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2020
- 2020-10-15 US US17/071,566 patent/USRE49500E1/en active Active
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2023
- 2023-02-22 US US18/173,004 patent/US20230183276A1/en active Pending
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN106211755A (zh) * | 2013-12-20 | 2016-12-07 | 生物医学谷探索股份有限公司 | 使用erk和raf抑制剂的组合的癌症治疗 |
US10668055B2 (en) | 2013-12-20 | 2020-06-02 | Biomed Valley Discoveries, Inc. | Cancer treatment using combinations of ERK and RAF inhibitors |
CN106211755B (zh) * | 2013-12-20 | 2021-06-22 | 生物医学谷探索股份有限公司 | 使用erk和raf抑制剂的组合的癌症治疗 |
CN107406413A (zh) * | 2015-01-30 | 2017-11-28 | 生物医学谷探索股份有限公司 | C21H22Cl2N4O2的晶型 |
CN106536522A (zh) * | 2015-06-03 | 2017-03-22 | 捷思英达医药技术(上海)有限公司 | 用于治疗银屑病的杂环化合物 |
CN106536522B (zh) * | 2015-06-03 | 2020-08-28 | 捷思英达医药技术(上海)有限公司 | 用于治疗银屑病的杂环化合物 |
WO2023169480A1 (zh) * | 2022-03-08 | 2023-09-14 | 甘李药业股份有限公司 | 氘代化合物,及其制备方法和应用 |
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