CN1816604A - 粘合剂组合物、包括该组合物的制品及制造方法 - Google Patents
粘合剂组合物、包括该组合物的制品及制造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1816604A CN1816604A CNA2004800191094A CN200480019109A CN1816604A CN 1816604 A CN1816604 A CN 1816604A CN A2004800191094 A CNA2004800191094 A CN A2004800191094A CN 200480019109 A CN200480019109 A CN 200480019109A CN 1816604 A CN1816604 A CN 1816604A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- composition
- poly
- vinyl
- swelling agent
- vinyl lactam
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J139/00—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a single or double bond to nitrogen or by a heterocyclic ring containing nitrogen; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
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- A61L15/00—Chemical aspects of, or use of materials for, bandages, dressings or absorbent pads
- A61L15/16—Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons
- A61L15/42—Use of materials characterised by their function or physical properties
- A61L15/58—Adhesives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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Abstract
提供了一种亲水性压敏粘合剂组合物,其包括交联的聚(N-乙烯基内酰胺)、溶胀剂和足以形成内聚性压敏粘合剂组合物的量的改性聚合物。组合物用作经皮装置的医用安全性。组合物也用作药物传送装置以将抗菌剂、药物或其它活性成分传送至或通过皮肤。也公开了制备该组合物的方法。
Description
发明领域
本发明涉及粘合剂组合物、用其制备的制品以及制备粘合剂组合物的方法。
发明背景
增加某些亲水性粘合剂组合物的内聚性已通过交联组合物中的聚合物质来实现。根据聚合物体系,聚合物的交联可对粘合剂组合物的内聚性和粘合性方面产生不同的影响。在本领域中已知压敏粘合剂(“PSAs”)具有包括以下的性质:(1)强烈和永久的粘合,(2)以不大于指压的力粘合,(3)足以保持在粘附体上的能力,和(4)足够的内聚强度以从粘附体上干净地除去。已发现很好地用作PSAs的物质包括聚合物和包含这样聚合物的组合物,该聚合物显示出必要的粘弹性而导致希望的粘合、剥离粘合和剪切保持力的平衡。
压敏粘合剂可使用多官能交联剂或辐射引发的交联来制备,这些粘合剂可例证粘合和内聚性质的范围。当使用交联剂时,交联剂的最优浓度通常提供内聚性和粘合性的增加。对于给定体系,增加或减少交联剂至最优浓度之外可以美国专利4,931,282中示出和描述的方式降低内聚性和粘合性。因此,限制了对于给定应用需要调节粘合性和内聚性的能力。
水凝胶是一种类型的粘合剂体系,其中粘合和内聚性质可被进一步优化。在这种体系中,聚合物的交联已考虑到包括更高量的添加剂,而不使组合物的内聚性质降低到可接受的水平以下。但是,已知在水凝胶体系中使用交联剂包括聚合过程中的残余组分和不希望的副产品。当通过辐射聚合物引起交联时,添加剂应该适合辐射过程。
在基于聚乙烯基内酰胺的粘合剂辐射引发交联的情况下,需要最小量的辐射以获得足够的内聚性。然而粘合性的明显降低需要非常高量的固态聚(n-乙烯基内酰胺)的辐射。接着,更高量的辐射导致易于内聚失效的组合物。
与增加内聚性的需要相反,存在对用作医用粘合剂的亲水聚合物制备中生物相容性的继续关注。不仅压敏粘合剂组合物必须粘合到皮肤上,而且粘合到活的组织上不应该引起皮肤刺激、毒性反应或其它有害作用。
存在找到某些医用粘合剂组合物的内聚性和粘合性之间平衡的需要,这种平衡便于与活的组织粘合。例如,在如水凝胶的组合物中,希望增加粘合剂组合物的内聚性质和吸收溶胀性,同时保持低模数、一致性和对皮肤温和的粘合性,以及从皮肤和/或医用经皮装置如IV导尿管等干净地(例如,没有明显残留)除去组合物的能力。此外,粘合剂组合物如水凝胶在添加剂如抗菌剂或治疗剂存在下,也应该保持它们的内聚性和粘合性。
各种经皮装置的任何一种可能存在对病人感染的危险。这些装置包括中央静脉进入装置(CVADs)、外周导管、动脉导管、矫形固定器和牵引针、伤口引流管和胸管、K金属丝、起搏器金属丝、气管造口术管和各种压力检测器。例如,在使用CVADs的病人中发生高达约90%的所有与导管相关的脓毒症。已表明,大部分有机体通过导管插入位置侵入血流,通过沿着导管外表面迁移或者通过进入装置内部端口的污染。使用CVADs虽然非常有益,但是除了治疗这些相关菌血症花费大量金钱外,还存在对病人高发病率和死亡率的危险。因此,能显著降低这些感染率的装置将是本领域中的显著进步。
除了上述来自细菌迁移的感染危险外,导管的移动或导管在相关血管中的“活塞运动”存在另一潜在危险,其便于细菌移动和增加感染的危险以及增加对血管的外伤或刺激的危险,其称为静脉炎。这种机械刺激增加了化学刺激和感染的危险。
增加安全性的导管可使以上问题最小化,并且降低渗透和不经意地将浸渍剂投药到血管外空间或容器外面的危险。增加的安全性也可增加管线的寿命,以致在管线的周期内需要更少的健康护理注意和操作,这也可降低感染的危险。
发明概述
一方面,本发明提供包括包含交联的聚(N-乙烯基内酰胺)的第一聚合物、溶胀剂和可在溶胀剂中溶胀的第二改性聚合物的粘合剂组合物。第一聚合物在溶胀剂存在下形成压敏粘合剂。此外,第二改性聚合物和溶胀剂降低第一聚合物的粘合性,同时保持或增加组合物的内聚性。
本发明的组合物可进一步包括抗菌剂。当存在时,抗菌剂的浓度可高达10wt%。聚(N-乙烯基内酰胺)可选自N-乙烯基-2-吡咯烷酮、聚N-乙烯基-2-戊内酰胺、聚N-乙烯基-2-己内酰胺,及其组合。改性聚合物可包括在溶胀剂存在下溶胀的各种聚合物的任何一种,如聚糖、聚糖衍生物、丙烯酸酯、丙烯酸酯衍生物、纤维素、纤维素衍生物、羟丙基瓜尔、瓜尔胶、羟乙基纤维素、羟丙基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素与三烷基铵取代的环氧化物反应的聚合季铵盐、羟乙基纤维素和二烯丙基二甲基氯化铵的共聚物,及其衍生物和组合。
在其它方面,溶胀剂可占组合物总重量的50%以上。第一聚合物可占组合物重量的5%~45%,第二聚合物可占组合物重量的0.1%~40%。
在另外其它方面,第一聚合物可为聚N-乙烯基-2-吡咯烷酮;溶胀剂可为三甘油,第二聚合物可选自羟丙基瓜尔、瓜尔胶、羟乙基纤维素、羟丙基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素与三烷基铵取代的环氧化物反应的聚合季铵盐、羟乙基纤维素和二烯丙基二甲基氯化铵的共聚物,及其衍生物和组合;抗菌剂为葡萄糖酸氯己定。
在本发明的另一方面,前述组合物可配制为用于密封活皮肤和渗透通过皮肤的医疗器械之间连接的医用密封剂。在其它方面,本发明的组合物可应用于合适的背衬,并配制为带材(例如,医用带材)、创伤敷料、绷带或医用皮肤覆盖物。对于本发明的其它配制包括药物传送装置,其包括:如本发明所述接触皮肤的粘合剂层和背衬层,粘合剂层粘合到背衬层上。
在另一方面,本发明提供制造粘合剂组合物的方法,其包括用γ辐射照射第一聚合物的前体以交联前体,使交联的第一聚合物与溶胀剂和第二聚合物混合以提供组合物。
在考虑本公开其余部分包括发明详述和附加权利要求的基础上,本发明的这些和其它方面将对本领域技术人员来说更加明显。
附图简述
图1为包含本发明粘合剂组合物的医用密封剂的侧视图。
图2a为包含本发明粘合剂组合物的医用密封剂的底部平面视图。
图2b为包含本发明粘合剂组合物的医用密封剂的顶部平面视图。
图3为包含本发明粘合剂组合物的医用密封剂的剖视图。
发明详述
“固态”指的是聚(乙烯基内酰胺)在辐射交联这种聚(乙烯基内酰胺)之前,不需要与任何其它物质混合。不需要与溶剂、溶胀剂或化学交联剂混合以制备对本发明有用的辐射交联的聚(乙烯基内酰胺)。可商业获得的非交联的聚(乙烯基内酰胺)可以颗粒形式用于辐射以交联这种聚(乙烯基内酰胺)。应用于辐射交联的聚(N-乙烯基内酰胺)有用添加剂的“基本上不被辐射”指的是添加剂在聚(N-乙烯基内酰胺)交联过程中不经受辐射,并且在任何其它时间不经受将使添加剂降解的量的辐射。
“溶胀剂”定义为能够使聚合物溶胀的物质。
“改性聚合物”定义为聚合物在溶胀剂存在下,显示出组合物粘合性观察到的降低,并保持或增加其内聚性。
“粘合”或“粘合性”指的是物质能够将其它物质粘合在一起的性质,通常通过表面粘附。
“内聚”指的是物质抵抗分离的性质,或倾向于聚在一起,而不是分离或断开。
本发明提供配方为交联的聚(乙烯基内酰胺)、可溶胀聚合物和溶胀剂的混合物的粘合剂组合物。本发明的组合物也可包含生物活性剂,如抑制皮肤上微生物再生长的抗菌剂。
在一个应用中,本发明的粘合剂组合物可用作安全性装置,如那些已嵌入病人体中用于保护中央血管线的装置。本发明的组合物提供类似内聚凝胶的体系,其对人类皮肤具有粘合性,同时具有希望的内聚性。
粘合剂组合物在应用中具有足够对皮肤的粘合,对管线提供保护以阻止导管的移动,从而最小化导管在血管中的活塞运动,并且当除去时通常不留下明显残留。
本发明的组合物也用作用于传送治疗剂到皮肤上或通过皮肤的粘合性凝胶。当需要用于局部的或经皮传送的药物或活性剂时,可加入渗透提高剂或赋形剂。也可考虑调节粘合剂组合物的pH、缓冲pH、改变离子强度的添加剂,和改变凝胶的不透明、颜色、反射率或强度的颜料。
聚(N-乙烯基)内酰胺聚合物
本发明的粘合剂组合物包括足量存在的交联的可溶胀聚(N-乙烯基内酰胺)、溶胀剂和改性聚合物,以形成内聚性压敏粘合剂组合物。将与交联的可溶胀聚(N-乙烯基内酰胺)混合的溶胀剂的量可为组合物的约50~约90wt%。因此,排除加到组合物中的任何生物相容的和/或治疗的和/或离子性导电的物质,可溶胀聚(N-乙烯基内酰胺)的重量百分比可为约5~约50wt%。当聚(N-乙烯基内酰胺)为聚(N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮)时,聚(N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮)的重量百分比可为约15~约45%。在具体实施方案中,聚(N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮)可为约18~约35%。
在大部分实施方案中,本发明的粘合剂组合物包括可溶胀、辐射交联的聚(N-乙烯基内酰胺),通常内酰胺为固态形式。在其它实施方案中,聚(N-乙烯基内酰胺)通过前体在本体或溶液中的自由基聚合而交联,前体包含N-乙烯基内酰胺单体、任选的其它单体和交联化合物,如4,931,282中所述。
在本发明中有用的聚(N-乙烯基内酰胺)可以任何易于被交联的形式提供,如美国专利4,931,282、5,225,473和5,389,376中描述的固态形式。固态形式的非限制性例子包括颗粒、小球、片、薄片和各种形状的大块物体,及各种形状的涂层物体。通常,聚(N-乙烯基内酰胺)为直径尺寸小于约1cm的颗粒,更通常为约0.1微米~0.250cm,经常为约10微米到约1000微米。可选择地,聚(N-乙烯基内酰胺)可在溶液中交联。聚(N-乙烯基内酰胺)可为包含N-乙烯基内酰胺单体单元的非交联的均聚物或非交联的共聚物,其在辐射之后变得可在溶胀剂中溶胀,并且与哺乳动物(例如人类)的皮肤生物相容。在大部分实施方案中,可使用聚(N-乙烯基内酰胺)的非交联均聚物或非交联共聚物,其在生物相容的溶胀剂中可溶。N-乙烯基内酰胺单体的非限制性例子为N-乙烯基-2-吡咯烷酮、N-乙烯基-2-戊内酰胺、N-乙烯基-2-己内酰胺,及任何上述物质的混合物。优选地,N-乙烯基内酰胺为N-乙烯基-2-吡咯烷酮。通常,聚(N-乙烯基内酰胺)为N-乙烯基-2-吡咯烷酮的均聚物。
与上述N-乙烯基内酰胺单体一起有用的共聚单体的非限制性例子包括N,N-二甲基丙烯酰胺、丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯、丙烯酰胺、2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基-1-丙烷磺酸或其盐和乙酸乙烯酯。通常,N-乙烯基内酰胺单体单元包括存在于固态形式的聚(N-乙烯基内酰胺)中不小于约50wt%的单体单元。通常,N-乙烯基内酰胺单体单元包括聚合物所有单体单元的大部分,更通常地,N-乙烯基内酰胺单体单元占聚(N-乙烯基内酰胺)的70~100wt%,经常占聚(N-乙烯基内酰胺)的90~100wt%。
非交联的N-乙烯基内酰胺均聚物和N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮/乙酸乙烯酯共聚物是可商业获得的。用于本发明可商业获得的聚(N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮)的非限制性来源包括Aldrich Chemical Co.of Milwaukee,Wisc.,BASF of Parisippany,N.J.,ISP(GAF)of Wayne,N.J.,Dan RiverCorporation of Danville,Va.,and Spectrum Chemical ManufacturingCorporation of Gardena,Calif。聚(N-乙烯基内酰胺)的Fikentscher K-值可为至少K-15,通常为至少K-60,更经常为至少K-90,或者甚至至少K-120。其它的Fikentscher K-值是可能。Fikentscher K-值在Molyneaux,Water-Soluble Polymers:Properties and Behavior,Vol.1,CRC Press,1983,pp.151-152中进行了描述。
在暴露于电离辐射之后,聚(N-乙烯基内酰胺)在水中的溶胀能力可为至少约15、通常为至少约30、经常为至少约40,如美国专利5,409,966中所述。
可溶胀的改性聚合物
改性聚合物存在于粘合剂组合物中以保持和/或增加内聚性,但是降低粘合性。当与溶胀剂一起加入时,改性聚合物变得在溶胀剂中可溶或悬浮。通常,当改性聚合物以1∶9改性聚合物比溶胀剂的比例与溶胀剂结合时,将形成粘性溶液或粘性凝胶。
通常溶胀剂的选择将确定适当的改性聚合物以实现粘合剂组合物的粘合性降低,但是保持或增加内聚性。在一种溶胀剂中溶解差的改性聚合物可能在用于本发明中不同的溶胀剂中高度溶胀。在一些实施方案中,合适的改性可溶胀聚合物的例子包括,但不限于,聚糖、聚糖衍生物、丙烯酸酯、丙烯酸酯衍生物、纤维素、纤维素衍生物,及其组合。
在具体实施方案中,用于本发明的改性可溶胀聚合物为羟丙基瓜尔、瓜尔胶、羟乙基纤维素、羟丙基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素与三烷基铵取代的环氧化物反应的聚合季铵盐、羟乙基纤维素和二烯丙基二甲基氯化铵的共聚物,及其衍生物和组合。
改性聚合物的量可高达组合物的约50wt%。因此,排除加到组合物中的任何生物相容的和/或治疗的和/或离子导电的物质,改性聚合物的重量百分比可为约0.1~约40wt%。当改性聚合物为羟丙基瓜尔时,羟丙基瓜尔的重量百分比可为约1~约20%。
溶胀剂
本发明的组合物包含溶胀剂,其可溶胀交联的聚(N-乙烯基内酰胺)聚合物和改性聚合物,并且与人类皮肤生物相容。用来溶胀聚(N-乙烯基内酰胺)的溶胀剂的非限制性例子包括一元醇(例如,乙醇和异丙醇)、多元醇(例如,乙二醇、丙二醇、聚乙二醇(分子量为200~600)和甘油)、醚醇(例如,乙二醇醚)、不引起皮肤刺激或毒性反应的其他多元醇溶胀剂和水。
根据粘合剂组合物希望的最终应用,可使用非挥发性和/或挥发性溶胀剂。一种合适的溶胀剂可包括挥发性溶胀剂和非挥发性溶胀剂,如甘油或聚乙二醇与水的混合物。在一些实施方案中,非挥发性溶胀剂可单独使用,例如甘油或聚乙二醇。同样地,挥发性溶胀剂如水可在本发明的组合物中单独使用。对于本发明,“基本上非挥发性”指的是用于本发明的溶胀剂将使得粘合剂聚合物如辐射的聚(N-乙烯基内酰胺),具有足够的内聚性和压敏粘合性,使得少于10%给定体积的溶胀剂在暴露于加工或储存条件后蒸发。
溶胀剂加入的量可为粘合剂组合物的约50~约90wt%,优选约60~约80wt%。在一些实施方案中,选择甘油和聚乙二醇为基本上非挥发性溶胀剂。甘油和聚乙二醇都可占溶胀剂的高达100wt%。
将为有用的溶胀剂的其它非限制性例子包括一元醇(例如,乙醇、异丙醇、正丙醇)、多元醇(例如,丙二醇、二丙二醇、聚乙二醇(PEG-2~PEG-45M,优选分子量为200~600)、甘油、聚甘油(例如,双甘油、三甘油、聚甘油-3、六甘油和十甘油))、山梨醇和多元醇乙氧基化物(例如,山梨醇聚醚-6、山梨醇聚醚-30、甘油聚醚-1~甘油聚醚-31)、聚乙二醇的甲氧化物(甲氧基PEG-2~甲氧基PEG-100)、多元醇乙氧基化物的甲氧化物(例如甘油聚醚-7甲氧化物)。
溶胀剂通常为液体。在一些实施方案中,为了溶解和保持为液体,湿润剂型固态溶胀剂如山梨醇可与共溶胀剂联合使用。也可用作溶胀剂或共溶胀剂的其他湿润剂包括:1,2,6-己三醇、乙酰胺mea、氢氧化铝、精氨酸pca、丁氧基丙醇、丁二醇、二甲基咪唑啉酮、二甲基甲硅烷醇透明质酸酯、甘草酸二钾盐、赤藓醇、乙氧基二甘醇、果糖、葡糖胺、葡糖酸、葡萄糖、谷氨酸葡萄糖酯、葡糖醛酸、谷氨酸、糖原、甘草酸、heilmoor粘土、二十六烷二醇、组氨酸、透明质酸、氢化蜂蜜、氢化淀粉、水解物、水解胶原、水解弹性蛋白、水解糖胺聚糖、水解角蛋白、水解蚕丝、水解大豆蛋白质、水解小麦蛋白质、羟乙基山梨醇、肌醇、肌醇六-pca、乳酰胺mea、乳酸、乳糖醇、乳糖、赖氨酸pca、镁pca、麦芽糖醇、锰pca、甘露醇、蜂蜜(蜂蜜提取物)、薄荷基pca、甲基葡糖聚醚-10、甲基葡糖聚醚-20、pca(氧脯氨酸)、乳酰胺、聚葡萄糖、聚葡糖醛酸、聚甘油基山梨醇、钾pca、ppg-20甲基葡萄糖醚、ppg-38-丁醇聚醚-37、糖异构体、serica、蚕丝氨基酸、羧甲基甲壳质钠、乳酸钠、甘露糖醛酸甲基甲硅烷醇钠、钠pca、pca甲基甲硅烷醇钠、聚谷氨酸钠、可溶胶原、山梨醇、蔗糖、茶-乳酸盐、茶-pca、海藻糖、三乳糖、脲、木糖醇、zea玉米、锌pca,及其组合。
抗菌剂
本发明的粘合剂组合物可在经皮装置中和周围将抗菌剂传送到皮肤上,减少对装置传染的可能性,或治疗皮肤或伤口的感染。在大部分实施方案中,抗菌剂的加入量高达整个组合物的10wt%。
有许多生物活性物质,其包括抗菌剂。抗菌剂的例子包括对氯间二甲苯酚;三氯生;氯己定及其盐如葡萄糖酸氯己定,聚六亚甲基双胍及其盐如聚六亚甲基双胍定氯化物,碘,碘伏(idodophors);脂肪酸单酯;聚-n-乙烯基吡咯烷酮-碘伏;氧化银,银及其盐,过氧化物(例如,过氧化氢),抗生素(例如,新霉素、杆菌肽和多粘菌素B)。
以下活性成分也可用于在本发明中抑制微生物的再生长或可能治疗微生物的感染:2,2-硫代二(4-氯苯酚);4,4-亚异丙基二酚;5-氨基-6-氯-邻-甲酚;醋氨沙洛;铝克洛沙;尿囊素铝;醋酸铝;苯甲酸铝;二醋酸铝;甲酸铝;酚磺酸铝;碘化铵;酚磺酸铵;苯并异噻唑啉酮;苯并三唑;苯甲酰喹;苄基对羟基苯甲酸酯;氯化黄连素;硼酸;十六烷基乙基吗啉基乙酰硫酸酯;十六烷基乙基二甲基溴化铵;十六烷基三甲基甲苯磺酸铵;氯化十六烷基吡啶鎓盐;氯胺-t;氯麝酚;卤卡班;椰油基三甲基氯化铵;胶状硫;地衣那酸铜;DEDM乙内酰脲;DEDM乙内酰脲二月桂酸酯;醋酸地喹铵;地喹氯铵;二溴丙脒二羟乙基磺酸盐;二氯-间-二甲苯酚;双氯酚;二氯苯基咪唑二氧戊环;二碘甲基甲苯基砜;二甲基羟甲基吡唑;二甲基氨基苯乙烯基庚基甲基噻唑碘;十二烷基苄基三甲基氯化铵;度米芬;阿魏酸;氟沙仑;乙二醛;羟甲基二氧氮杂二环辛烷;羟丙基双三甲基二碘化铵;鱼石脂;异癸基对羟基苯甲酸酯;山梨酸异丙酯;拉匹氯铵;十二烷基三甲基三氯酚铵;十二烷基溴化异喹啉鎓;十二烷基糖精异喹啉鎓;氯化十二烷基吡啶鎓;间-甲酚;杏仁酸;MDM乙内酰脲;MEAa-碘;白千层酸alternifolia;甲基苄索氯铵;混合的甲酚;壬苯醇醚-12碘;壬苯醇醚-9碘;邻-甲酚;苯甲酸羟基喹啉;硫酸羟基喹啉;对-氯苯酚;对-甲酚;PEG-15 DEDM乙内酰脲;PEG-15 DEDM乙内酰脲硬酯酸酯;PEG-5 DEDM乙内酰脲;PEG-5 DEDM乙内酰脲油酸酯;苯酚;苯氧基乙基对羟基苯甲酸酯;水杨酸苯酯;聚甲氧基二环噁唑烷;碘化钾;乳酸钾;苯酚钾;曲氯新钾;季铵盐-14;季铵盐-24;季铵盐-8;蓖麻酸酰氨基丙基三甲基甲酰硫酸铵;碘化钠;对-氯-间-甲酚钠;苯酚磺酸钠;苯酚钠;地衣那酸钠;司吡氯铵;过氧化锶;茶-山梨酸酯;溴化四丁基铵;噻苯达唑;三醋精;十一碳烯酰胺DEA;十一碳烯酰胺mea;十一碳烯酰氨基丙基三甲基甲酰硫酸铵;十一碳烯醇聚醚-6;undecylenoyl peg-5对羟基苯甲酸酯;地衣酸;醋酸锌;硼酸锌;苯酚磺酸锌;硫酸锌;十一碳烯酸锌;及其组合。
以下活性物也可用来减少微生物在皮肤上的再生长:2-溴-2-硝基丙烷-1,3-二醇;4-羟基苯甲酸;5-溴-5-硝基-1,3-二噁烷;7-乙基二环噁唑烷;苯甲酸铵;亚硫酸氢铵;丙酸铵;亚硫酸铵;二十二烷基三甲基氯化铵;苯札溴铵;苯札氯铵;苯札糖精铵;苄索氯铵;苯甲酸;苄醇;苄基半缩甲醛;溴氯苯;苯甲酸丁酯;丁基对羟基苯甲酸酯;苯甲酸钙;对羟基苯甲酸钙;丙酸钙;水杨酸钙;山梨酸钙;十一碳烯酸钙;西他氯铵;鲸蜡硬脂基二甲基苄基溴化胺;西曲溴铵;西曲氯铵;氯乙酰氨;氯丁醇;氯苯;氯二甲苯酚;氯苯甘醚;climbazole;脱氢醋酸;双咪唑烷基脲;二溴六咪羟乙基磺酸盐;二氯苄醇;二甲基噁唑烷;DMDM乙内酰脲;苯甲酸乙酯;对羟基苯甲酸乙酯;甲醛;甲酸;戊二醛;己脒;己脒二羟乙基磺酸盐;己脒对羟基苯甲酸酯;海克西定;氢化牛脂三甲基氯化铵;咪唑啉基脲;碘丙炔基丁基氨基甲酸酯;苯甲酸异丁酯;对羟基苯甲酸异丁酯;苯甲酸异丙酯;异丙基甲酚;对羟基苯甲酸异丙酯;月桂基二甲基苄基溴化铵;月桂基二甲基苄基氯化铵;月桂基三甲基溴化铵;月桂基三甲基氯化铵;苯甲酸镁;丙酸镁;水杨酸镁;MEA邻-苯基酚盐;MEA-苯甲酸盐;MEA-水杨酸盐;MEA-十一碳烯酸酯;乌洛托品;苯甲酸甲酯;甲基氯异噻唑啉酮;甲基二溴戊二腈;甲基异噻唑啉酮;对羟基苯甲酸甲酯;肉豆蔻基二甲基苄基氯化铵;肉豆蔻基二甲基苄基糖精铵;肉豆蔻基三甲基溴化铵;邻-伞化-5-醇;邻-苯基苯酚;油基二甲基苄基氯化铵;间-氯-对-甲酚;苯氧基乙醇;苯氧基异丙醇;苯甲酸苯酯;苯基醋酸汞;苯基苯甲酸汞;苯基硼酸汞;苯基溴化汞;苯基氯化汞;对羟基苯甲酸苯酯;吡罗克酮olamine;聚氨基丙基双胍;苯甲酸钾;丁基对羟基苯甲酸钾;乙基对羟基苯甲酸钾;偏亚硫酸氢钾;甲基对羟基苯甲酸钾;邻-苯基苯酚钾;对羟基苯甲酸钾;丙酸钾;丙基对羟基苯甲酸钾;水杨酸钾;山梨酸钾;亚硫酸钾;丙酸;苯甲酸丙酯;对羟基苯甲酸丙酯;季铵盐-15;水杨酸;苯甲酸钠;亚硫酸氢钠;丁基对羟基苯甲酸钠;脱氢醋酸钠;乙基对羟基苯甲酸钠;甲酸钠;羟甲基甘氨酸钠;碘酸钠;偏亚硫酸氢钠;甲基对羟基苯甲酸钠;邻-苯基苯酚钠;对羟基苯甲酸钠;丙酸钠;丙基对羟基苯甲酸钠;水杨酸钠;山梨酸钠;亚硫酸钠;十一碳烯酸钠;山梨酸;大豆基三甲基溴化铵;十八烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵;十八烷基三甲基氯化铵;牛脂基二甲基苄基氯化铵;牛脂基三甲基氯化铵;thimerosal;三氯卡班;三氯生;十一碳烯酸;双吡啶硫酮锌;及其组合。
生物相容的和/或治疗的和/或离子导电的添加剂
根据本发明亲水性压敏粘合剂组合物的应用,组合物中可包括各种其它生物相容的和/或治疗的和/或离子导电的物质。
本发明的亲水性压敏粘合剂组合物也可用于将药物传送到或通过人类皮肤,如局部或经皮的药物传送体系。在聚(N-乙烯基内酰胺)已被辐射交联之后,药物或其它活性成分可与粘合剂组合物化合,使药物或活性成分与足以交联聚(N-乙烯基内酰胺)剂量的电离辐射之间任何可能的有害相互作用最小。
亲水性压敏粘合剂组合物也可用于治疗性皮肤覆盖物,如敷料、伤口闭合物质、带材等。优选地,对于皮肤覆盖物的应用,在聚(N-乙烯基内酰胺)的辐射之后,其它生物活性物质可加到本发明的组合物中,而不会有害地影响生物活性物质。这种其它生物活性物质的非限制性例子包括广谱抗菌剂,如美国专利4,310,509中公开的那些,其中期望它降低细菌水平以使感染危险最小或治疗病人的皮肤或皮肤开口处的感染作用。
当粘合剂组合物用作生物医用电极的导电组分时,粘合剂组合物也可任选地包括水,以20~100%的水平提高离子导电率。离子导电电解质也可加到组合物中,而不会有害地影响电解质或得到的组合物。电解质的非限制性例子包括溶于组合物的离子盐,如氯化锂、高氯酸锂、柠檬酸钠和氯化钾。
一种类型的治疗过程为离子电渗疗法,包括施加电流到病人的皮肤上和药物,其在电流的辅助下将离子电渗的活性药物传送到或通过人皮肤。
可加入其它治疗剂,如草药。能够用于本发明的草药在共同未决的、共同转让的专利申请中进行了公开和描述,该申请的名称为“Hydrophilic Adhesive Compositions for Delivery of HerbalMedicines”,美国序列号为10/456,810,与本发明同一天提交。
其它生物相容的和/或治疗的物质可加到组合物中,如缓冲组合物pH的化合物,以提供用于敏感性哺乳动物皮肤组织的非刺激性pH,或者另外使抗菌活性最大。同样地,当需要用于局部或经皮传送的药物或其它活性剂时,渗透增强剂或赋形剂可加到组合物中。
聚(N-乙烯基内酰胺)的辐射交联
任何固体形式的聚(N-乙烯基内酰胺)当经受来自高能源的电离辐射时,可被交联以用于本发明。电离辐射的非限制性例子包括α、β、γ、电子束和x-射线辐射。这些电离辐射的来源中,电子束辐射和γ辐射是最普通的。电子束辐射的来源是可商业获得的,包括EnergySciences Inc.Model CB-150电屏蔽电子束处理器。γ辐射的来源可从Atomic Energy of Canada,Inc.商业获得,使用钴-60高能源。
电离辐射的剂量以兆拉德(mRad)或千戈瑞(kGy)计。电离辐射的剂量可以电离辐射目标水平的单个剂量操作,或以累积达到电离辐射目标水平的多个剂量操作。电离辐射的剂量累积可为约25kGys~约400kGys,优选为约25kGys~约200kGys。优选地,当电离辐射的累积剂量超过100kGys(10mRads)时,电离辐射可达到聚(N-乙烯基内酰胺)交联的目标水平。
聚(N-乙烯基内酰胺)可在温度、空气和其它反应参数可被控制的包装或容器中以固体形式用电离辐射辐照。本发明中辐射聚(N-乙烯基内酰胺)的一种方法在美国专利5,409,966中进行了描述。根据辐射条件的控制,聚(N-乙烯基内酰胺)可以间歇或连续过程进行辐射。
制备亲水性粘合剂组合物的方法
制备本发明压敏粘合剂组合物的方法包括使交联的聚(N-乙烯基内酰胺)与溶胀剂和改性聚合物以及其它添加剂在溶剂中混合,溶剂在室温或室温以上的温度可为稍微挥发性的。通常,溶胀剂、改性聚合物和其它添加剂如抗菌剂是基本上不被辐射的形式。合适的挥发性溶剂的例子包括水、乙醇、甲醇和异丙醇。然后一定量的所得悬浮液浇到基体如释放衬层或背衬材料的表面上,然后储存。挥发性溶剂通过加热被蒸发,例如通过应用微波能量、红外能量或通过空气对流等,以在基体上形成内聚的压敏粘合剂组合物。通常,加热至约65℃的干燥炉可用于蒸发步骤。得到的释放衬层可任选地层压到组合物的暴露表面上以防止其被污染。
在一些实施方案中,粘合剂组合物的涂层可施加到基体表面上。合适湿涂层的厚度可为约0.125mm~约1.25mm,以致溶剂蒸发之后,得到约0.05mm~约0.38mm厚的干涂层。这种涂层可应用于各种基体表面的任何一种,以用作基体的粘合剂层并提供具有低轮廓的粘合剂组合物。
制备本发明组合物的方法可为间歇过程或连续的直线过程。如果由连续过程制备,衬层、内聚的压敏粘合剂组合物区域和基体的层压品可卷绕到辊上以用于批量包装和进一步加工,或使用本领域技术人员已知的冲模切成独立的单元。
医用密封剂
本发明的粘合剂组合物提供用于医学应用的医用密封剂,其要求降低的粘合性同时保持或提高内聚性以能从基体上干净地去除。在一个实施方案中,医用密封剂用于IV导管或CVADs。
图1表示医用密封剂10的剖视图,医用密封剂10具有第一释放衬层12、涂覆在第一释放衬层12上的本发明的压敏粘合剂组合物层14和保护直至使用时的第二释放衬层16。通常,第一释放衬层12的第一释放值低于第二释放衬层16的释放值。第一释放衬层12也任选地包含延伸超出第二释放衬层16周边的部分15,以便于应用过程中施加医用密封剂10。
第二释放衬层16由两部分20和22组成。部分20和22各自约在医用密封剂10中心处的短小突出部19终止。短小突出部19可从层14垂直延伸并且不粘附于层14。每个短小突出部19可为相互不同的长度以有利于抓握。
图2a和2b表示使用本发明粘合剂组合物的医用密封剂的顶部和底部平面视图。使用时,图2a中所示的第一释放衬层26通过抓握延伸部分25被除去,压敏粘合剂组合物层24可应用于病人的皮肤。应用于病人之后,抓住第二释放衬层28的短小突出部29并轻轻地以相反方向拉到医用密封剂20的周边。第二释放衬层28任选地包含标记27,其指示将被放置在导管插入位置的医用密封剂20加到置于病人皮肤上的最优定位。
图2a表示通常为心形外形的粘合剂组合物24。这种外形有助于放置包含抗菌剂的粘合剂组合物24,以优化导管的腔和插孔的安全性。当用于导管插入时,心形外形的顶部分开越过插孔。由于以上原因,大部分实施方案使用心形外形,但是本发明中其它形状也是可行的。
如图3所示,医用密封剂30在层34中包含抗菌剂38,通过在涂覆到第一释放衬层36和第二释放衬层32上之前,将抗菌剂38加到基本上不被辐射的溶胀剂或组合物中。可选择地,根据美国专利4,931,282(Asmus等),层34可用作可嵌缝的密封剂。任选地,在层32和层34之间可存在其他层以容纳药物或其它治疗剂。
粘合剂层14可通过各种方法施加于第一和第二释放衬层12和16上,包括直接涂覆、层压和热层压。可商业获得的这种释放衬层的非限制性例子包括从H.P.Smith Co.商业获得的硅化聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯膜和从3M以商标“ScotchPakTM”商业获得的氟聚合物涂覆的聚酯膜释放衬层。
层压和热层压的方法分别包括在粘合剂层14至第一释放衬层12上市加压力或施加热和压力。热层压的温度为约50℃~约250℃,应用于层压和热层压的压力为0.1Kg/cm2~约50Kg/cm2。
本发明的粘合剂也可任选地用于其它应用,例如作为医用带材、伤口敷料、一般药用功能的绷带或具有吸收水分性质的去塔医用装置的一部分。粘合剂层可涂覆在背衬材料层上,背衬材料选自具有高水蒸汽透过率用作医用带材、敷料、绷带等几种背衬材料的任何一种。合适的背衬材料包括美国专利3,645,835和4,595,001中公开的那些。可商业获得为可挤出聚合物的各种膜的其它例子包括从E.I.DuPont deNemours and Company of Wilmington,Del.获得的“HytrelTM 4056”和“HytrelTM 3548”牌的聚酯弹性体,从B.F.Goodrich of Cleveland,Ohio获得的“Estane”牌的聚氨酯或从K.J.Quinn&Co.of Malden,Mass获得的“Q-thane”牌的聚氨酯。这种背衬材料的其它非限制性例子为聚乙烯、乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物、聚乙烯-铝-聚乙烯复合物和从MinnesotaMining and Manufacturing Company of St.Paul,Minn.(3M)商业获得的“ScotchPakTM”牌的背衬。
药物传送装置
使用本发明亲水性压敏粘合剂组合物的药物传送装置任选地具有包含在其中的局部的、经皮的或离子电渗的治疗剂和赋形剂、溶剂或渗透增强剂,用于将药物或其它活性剂传送至或通过哺乳动物的皮肤。
在本发明中有用的治疗剂可为本领域技术人员已知的任何治疗活性物质,并允许局部地或经皮地或离子电渗地传送通过病人的皮肤。在经皮传送装置中有用的治疗剂的非限制性例子为用于局部或经皮施加的任何活性药物或这些药物的盐,或用于提高伤口愈合的生长因子。确定为药物或药理活性剂的其它治疗剂在美国专利4,849,224和4,855,294以及PCT专利公开WO 89/07951中进行了公开。
赋形剂或渗透增强剂对于本领域技术人员也是已知的。渗透增强剂的非限制性例子包括乙醇、月桂酸甲酯、油酸、豆蔻酸异丙酯和单月桂酸甘油酯。本领域技术人员已知的其它渗透增强剂在美国专利4,849,224和4,855,294以及PCT专利公开WO 89/07951中进行了公开。
生物医用电极
使用本发明的亲水性压敏粘合剂组合物且其中含有电解质的生物医用电极用于诊断和治疗目的。在其最基本的形式下,生物医用电极包括接触哺乳动物皮肤的导电介质和在导电介质与诊断、治疗或手术装置之间相互作用的电通讯装置。使用本发明粘合剂组合物的生物医用电极的一个实施方案在美国专利5,409,966中进行了描述。
可在以下实施方式中找到本发明的进一步描述。
实施例
组分的术语集
商标名称 | 化学名称 | 制造商,地址 |
Ganex V-216 | 聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮/十六烷共聚物 | ISP,Wayne,NJ |
Mirapol A-15 | 聚季铵盐-2 | Rhodia,Cranbury,NJ |
Merquat 2200 | 聚季铵盐-7 | Calgon,Pittsburgh,PA |
UCARE JR-125 | 聚季铵盐-10 | Amerchol,Danbury,CT |
Quatrisoft LM-200 | 聚季铵盐-24 | Amerchol |
UCARE LK | 聚季铵盐-10 | Amerchol |
0.64%EBVP | 用0.64%亚乙基-二-N-乙烯基-2-吡咯烷酮(EBVP)交联剂交联的PVP | 3M/St Paul,MN |
1.28%EBVP | 用1.28%EBVP交联剂交联的PVP | 3M |
Jaguar HP-120 | 羟丙基瓜尔(HPG) | Rhodia,Cranbury,NJ |
Celquat L-200 | 聚季铵盐-4 | National Starch &Chemical/Bridgewater,NJ |
Celquat SC-230M | 聚季铵盐-10 | National Starch&Chemical |
Celquat SC-240C | 聚季铵盐-10 | National Starch&Chemical |
Jaguar HP-60 | 羟丙基瓜尔 | Rhodia |
Natrosol型250HR CS | 羟乙基纤维素 | Aqualon |
Natrosol Plus型330CS | 十六烷基羟乙基纤维素 | Aqualon |
Cellosize HEC QP-52,000-H | 羟乙基纤维素 | Dow Chemical |
UCARE JR-30M | 聚季铵盐-10 | Amerchol |
UCARE LR-30M | 聚季铵盐-10 | Amerchol |
EHEC XXHIGH 0100 | 乙基羟乙基纤维素 | Aqualon |
Polyox WSR-301 | 聚环氧乙烷 | Amerchol |
Ganex P904LC | 丁基化聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮 | ISP |
Tego SO 6 | 山梨醇聚醚-6 | Degussa |
CHG溶液B.P. | 20%葡萄糖酸氯己定水溶液 | Xttrium Labs |
XPVP | γ交联的K-90D聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮 | 用15Mrad γ辐射处理的ISPPlasdone K-90D PVP |
Diglycerol | 二甘油 | Solvay Interox,Houston,Texas |
聚甘油-3 | 三甘油 | Solvay Interox,Houston,Texas |
实施例1~67
组合物这样制备:将液体组分混合在一起,然后快速倒入干燥粉末聚合物中,剧烈手动搅拌约30秒。物质置于两个释放衬层之间,用压力压至1mm厚度。评价配方降低交联聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮凝胶的粘合性,而不会丧失内聚强度导致粘合剂残余。凝胶组合物应用于干净的人前臂上并在除去之前保持约3~5分钟。如果除去它时拉伸皮肤,则粘合性评价为高(H),若它被认为是粘合性的但是低于高,则为中(M),若需要很小的力便可将其从皮肤剥离,并且除去凝胶时皮肤没有移动,则为低(L)。如果没有残余物剩下,则残余物等级为“0”,如果可检测量的残余物通过触摸可辨别出,则为非常轻(VSL),如果残余物是可见的,则为轻(SL),如果大量留在皮肤上,则为高(H)。
表1实施例1~67的组合物及粘合和粘合剂残余物的测试结果 | ||||||||
实施例编号 | XPVP里(wt%) | 山梨醇聚醚-6量(wt%) | 第二聚合物 | CHG量(wt%) | 水量(wt%) | 粘合性(H,M,L) | 残余物(0,VSL,SL,H) | |
类型 | 量(wt%) | |||||||
1 | 30.0 | 57.0 | Ganex V-216 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 9.0 | H | 0 |
2 | 28.0 | 57.0 | Ganex V-216 | 4.0 | 2.0 | 9.0 | M-H | 0 |
3 | 26.0 | 57.0 | Ganex V-216 | 6.0 | 2.0 | 9.0 | M | VSL |
4 | 24.0 | 57.0 | Ganex V-216 | 8.0 | 2.0 | 9.0 | M | VSL |
5 | 30.0 | 57.0 | Mirapol A-15 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 9.8 | L-M | 0 |
6 | 28.0 | 57.0 | Mirapol A-15 | 4.0 | 2.0 | 10.5 | L-M | VVSL |
7 | 26.0 | 57.0 | Mirapol A-15 | 6.0 | 2.0 | 11.3 | M | SL |
8 | 24.0 | 57.0 | Mirapol A-15 | 8.0 | 2.0 | 12.0 | VL | SL |
9 | 16.0 | 57.0 | Merquat 2200 | 16.0 | 2.0 | 9.0 | H | VSL |
10 | 13.0 | 63.0 | Merquat 2200 | 13.0 | 2.0 | 9.0 | H | VSL |
11 | 10.0 | 69.0 | Merquat 2200 | 10.0 | 2.0 | 9.0 | H | H |
12 | 16.0 | 57.0 | UCARE JR-125 | 16.0 | 2.0 | 9.0 | L-M | 0 |
13 | 13.0 | 63.0 | UCARE JR-125 | 13.0 | 2.0 | 9.0 | M | 0 |
14 | 10.0 | 69.0 | UCARE JR-125 | 10.0 | 2.0 | 9.0 | M | VSL |
15 | 16.0 | 57.0 | UCARELK | 16.0 | 2.0 | 9.0 | L | 0 |
16 | 13.0 | 63.0 | UCARE LK | 13.0 | 2.0 | 9.0 | L | 0 |
17 | 10.0 | 69.0 | UCARE LK | 10.0 | 2.0 | 9.0 | M | 0 |
18 | 16.0 | 57.0 | Quatrisoft LM-200 | 16.0 | 2.0 | 9.0 | L | 0 |
19 | 13.0 | 63.0 | Quatrisoft LM-200 | 13.0 | 2.0 | 9.0 | L | VSL |
20 | 10.0 | 69.0 | Quatrisoft LM-200 | 10.0 | 2.0 | 9.0 | L | VSL |
21 | 16.0 | 57.0 | 0.64%EBVP | 16.0 | 2.0 | 9.0 | M | 0 |
22 | 13.0 | 63.0 | 0.64%EBVP | 13.0 | 2.0 | 9.0 | H | VSL |
23 | 10.0 | 69.0 | 0.64%EBVP | 10.0 | 2.0 | 9.0 | H | SL |
24 | 16.0 | 57.0 | 1.28%EBVP | 16.0 | 2.0 | 9.0 | M | VSL |
25 | 13.0 | 63.0 | 1.28%EBVP | 13.0 | 2.0 | 9.0 | H | H |
26 | 10.0 | 69.0 | 1.28%EBVP | 10.0 | 2.0 | 9.0 | H | H |
27 | 16.0 | 57.0 | Salcare SC 96 | 16.0 | 2.0 | 9.0 | VH | 0 |
28 | 13.0 | 63.0 | Salcare SC 96 | 13.0 | 2.0 | 9.0 | VH | VSL |
29 | 13.0 | 63.0 | 聚甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯 | 13.0 | 2.0 | 9.0 | H | SL |
30 | 16.0 | 57.0 | UCARE JR-30M | 16.0 | 2.0 | 9.0 | L-M | 0 |
31 | 13.0 | 63.0 | UCARE JR-30M | 13.0 | 2.0 | 9.0 | M | 0 |
32 | 10.0 | 69.0 | UCARE JR-30M | 10.0 | 2.0 | 9.0 | M-H | 0 |
33 | 16.0 | 57.0 | UCARE LR-30M | 16.0 | 2.0 | 9.0 | L | 0 |
34 | 13.0 | 63.0 | UCARE LR-30M | 13.0 | 2.0 | 9.0 | L | 0 |
35 | 10.0 | 69.0 | UCARE LR-30M | 10.0 | 2.0 | 9.0 | L | 0 |
36 | 16.0 | 57.0 | EHEC XX HIGH 0100 | 16.0 | 2.0 | 9.0 | H-VH | 0 |
37 | 16.0 | 57.0 | Polyox WSR-301 | 16.0 | 2.0 | 9.0 | H | 0 |
38 | 13.0 | 63.0 | Polyox WSR-301 | 13.0 | 2.0 | 9.0 | M-H | SL |
39 | 10.0 | 69.0 | Polyox WSR-301 | 10.0 | 2.0 | 9.0 | H | SL |
40 | 16.0 | 57.0 | Jaguar HP-120 | 16.0 | 2.0 | 9.0 | L | 0 |
41 | 13.0 | 63.0 | Jaguar HP-120 | 13.0 | 2.0 | 9.0 | L | 0 |
42 | 10.0 | 69.0 | Jaguar HP-120 | 10.0 | 2.0 | 9.0 | L-M | 0 |
43 | 16.0 | 57.0 | Celquat L-200 | 16.0 | 2.0 | 9.0 | L-M | 0 |
44 | 13.0 | 63.0 | Celquat L-200 | 13.0 | 2.0 | 9.0 | M-H | 0 |
45 | 10.0 | 69.0 | Celquat L-200 | 10.0 | 2.0 | 9.0 | M-H | VSL |
46 | 16.0 | 57.0 | Celquat SC230M | 16.0 | 2.0 | 9.0 | L | 0 |
47 | 13.0 | 63.0 | Celquat SC230M | 13.0 | 2.0 | 9.0 | L-M | 0 |
48 | 10.0 | 69.0 | Celquat SC230M | 10.0 | 2.0 | 9.0 | M | 0 |
49 | 16.0 | 57.0 | Celquat SC240C | 16.0 | 2.0 | 9.0 | L | 0 |
50 | 13.0 | 63.0 | Celquat SC240C | 13.0 | 2.0 | 9.0 | L-M | 0 |
51 | 10.0 | 69.0 | Celquat SC240C | 10.0 | 2.0 | 9.0 | M | 0 |
52 | 16.0 | 57.0 | Jaguar HP60 | 16.0 | 2.0 | 9.0 | L | 0 |
53 | 13.0 | 63.0 | Jaguar HP60 | 13.0 | 2.0 | 9.0 | L | 0 |
54 | 10.0 | 69.0 | Jaguar HP60 | 10.0 | 2.0 | 9.0 | L-M | 0 |
55 | 30.0 | 57.0 | Ganex P904LC | 2.0 | 2.0 | 9.0 | VH | 0 |
56 | 28.0 | 57.0 | Ganex P904LC | 4.0 | 2.0 | 9.0 | VH | 0 |
57 | 26.0 | 57.0 | Ganex P904LC | 6.0 | 2.0 | 9.0 | H-VH | 0 |
58 | 24.0 | 57.0 | Ganex P904LC | 8.0 | 2.0 | 9.0 | H-VH | VSL |
59 | 16.0 | 57.0 | Natrosol型250HHRCS | 16.0 | 2.0 | 9.0 | L-M | 0 |
60 | 13.0 | 63.0 | Natrosol型250HHRCS | 13.0 | 2.0 | 9.0 | L-M | 0 |
61 | 10.0 | 69.0 | Natrosol型250HHRCS | 10.0 | 2.0 | 9.0 | M | VSL |
62 | 16.0 | 57.0 | Natrosol Plus型330CS | 16.0 | 2.0 | 9.0 | L | 0 |
63 | 13.0 | 63.0 | Natrosol Plus型330CS | 13.0 | 2.0 | 9.0 | L | 0 |
64 | 10.0 | 69.0 | Natrosol Plus型330CS | 10.0 | 2.0 | 9.0 | M | 0 |
65 | 16.0 | 57.0 | Cellosize HECQP52000H | 16.0 | 2.0 | 9.0 | L | 0 |
66 | 13.0 | 63.0 | Cellosize HECQP52000H | 13.0 | 2.0 | 9.0 | L-M | 0 |
67 | 10.0 | 69.0 | Cellosize HECQP52000H | 10.0 | 2.0 | 9.0 | L-M | 0 |
对皮肤的低(L)至中(M)的粘合等级和没有(0)粘合剂残余是优选的性能。当粘合剂残余等于0时,内聚强度是高的。表1中优选的实施例为:实施例5、12、13、15、18、21、30~35、40~44、46~54、59、60和62~67。
实施例68~73
使用二甘油和三甘油作为主要的溶胀剂来制备组合物。组合物这样制备:将液体组分混合在一起,然后快速倒入干燥粉末聚合物中,剧烈手动搅拌约30秒。将物质置于两个释放衬层之间,用压力压至1mm厚度。组分和量在表2a中给出。
表2a实施例68~73的组合物 | ||||||
实施例编号 | XPVP量(wt%) | 溶胀剂 | Jaguar HP-120 | CHG量(wt%) | 水量(wt%) | |
类型 | 量(wt%) | 量(wt%) | ||||
68 | 25.0 | 二甘油 | 61.0 | 3 | 2.0 | 9.0 |
69 | 24.0 | 二甘油 | 61.0 | 4 | 2.0 | 9.0 |
70 | 23.0 | 二甘油 | 61.0 | 5 | 2.0 | 9.0 |
71 | 22.0 | 二甘油 | 61.0 | 6 | 2.0 | 9.0 |
72 | 27.0 | 三甘油 | 61.0 | 1 | 2.0 | 9.0 |
73 | 24.0 | 三甘油 | 61.0 | 4 | 2.0 | 9.0 |
评价实施例68~73的组合物对皮肤的粘合。组合物在硅释放衬层之间被压延至约1mm的厚度。然后这些凝胶粘合剂样品在一个侧面上层压到2-mil(0.0508mm)纸织物上。纸织品用来消除凝胶粘合剂剥离除去过程中的拉伸。层压的凝胶粘合剂被切成1英寸(2.54cm)×2英寸(5.08cm)的样品。通过将样品放在人类对象的背上进行皮肤粘合性测试。通过将头发夹在小组成员的背上并准备70∶30异丙醇∶水来准备小组成员。放置的每个样品使得样品的长轴垂直于小组成员的脊柱。用2kg的辊子将每个样品一个向前和一个相后滚下。用旋转的随机性方案来抵消背上皮肤变化的影响。使用拉-剥测试器从小组成员的背上除去样品。以15cm/min的除去速度和180°的角度除去样品需要的剥离力来测定对皮肤的粘合性。在最初施加后的30分钟(T30m)、施加后的1天(T1d)和施加后的4天(T4d)测定粘合性。对于保留1和4天的样品,每个样品用TEGADERMTM敷料(可从3M商业获得)覆盖以防止样品提起。在研究中也记录了拉丝(Legging)和残余。拉丝被分为1~3的等级,‘1’表示轻度拉丝,‘2’表示中度拉丝,‘3’表示严重拉丝。残余如对实施例1~67中所述划分等级。对12个小组成员的结果进行平均。
表2b实施例68~73在皮肤上的剥离粘合和拉丝 | ||||||
实施例编号 | 剥离粘合gm/2.54cm | 拉丝(1,2,3) | ||||
T30m | T1d | T4d | T30m | T1d | T4d | |
68 | 51.6 | 30.5 | 21.4 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.00 |
69 | 54.0 | 22.4 | 22.7 | 0.08 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
70 | 33.5 | 22.0 | 18.2 | 0.08 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
71 | 27.4 | 29.7 | 25.8 | 0.00 | 0.08 | 0.13 |
72 | 108.4 | 89.0 | 58.0 | 0.67 | 1.88 | 1.18 |
73 | 46.6 | 61.8 | 33.2 | 0.17 | 0.79 | 0.39 |
向组合物中加入HPG降低了粘合和拉丝,表明增加了内聚强度。对于实施例68~73的组合物没有观察到粘合剂残余物。优选的配方是实施例73,因为长时间相对平的粘合剂轮廓。
Claims (40)
1.一种粘合剂组合物,包括:
包含交联聚(N-乙烯基内酰胺)的第一聚合物;
溶胀剂;和
可在溶胀剂中溶胀的第二改性聚合物;
第一聚合物在溶胀剂存在下形成压敏粘合剂;和
第二改性聚合物和溶胀剂降低第一聚合物的粘合性,同时至少保持组合物的内聚性。
2.权利要求1的组合物,进一步包括抗菌剂。
3.权利要求2的组合物,其中抗菌剂为葡萄糖酸氯己定。
4.权利要求2的组合物,其中抗菌剂选自对氯间二甲苯酚;三氯生(tricloan);氯己定及其盐;聚六亚甲基双胍及其盐;碘;碘伏;氧化银;银及其盐;过氧化物;抗生素;及其组合。
5.权利要求1的组合物,其中聚(N-乙烯基内酰胺)选自聚N-乙烯基-2-吡咯烷酮、聚N-乙烯基-2-戊内酰胺、聚N-乙烯基-2-己内酰胺,及其组合。
6.权利要求1的组合物,其中溶胀剂选自一元醇;多元醇;甘油;聚甘油;山梨醇;多元醇乙氧基化物;聚乙二醇的甲氧化物;多元醇乙氧基化物的甲氧化物;及其组合。
7.权利要求6的组合物,其中一元醇由乙醇、异丙醇、正丙醇及其组合组成。
8.权利要求6的组合物,其中多元醇由丙二醇、二丙二醇、聚乙二醇及其组合组成。
9.权利要求8的组合物,其中聚乙二醇分子量为200~600。
10.权利要求6的组合物,其中聚甘油由二甘油、三甘油、聚甘油-3、六甘油、十甘油及其组合组成。
11.权利要求6的组合物,其中多元醇乙氧基化物由山梨醇聚醚-6、山梨醇聚醚-30、甘油聚醚-1~甘油聚醚-31组成。
12.权利要求6的组合物,其中聚乙二醇的甲氧化物由甲氧基聚乙二醇-2~甲氧基聚乙二醇-100组成。
13.权利要求6的组合物,其中多元醇乙氧基化物的甲氧化物为甘油聚醚-7甲氧化物。
14.权利要求1的粘合剂组合物,其中溶胀剂大于组合物总重量的50%。
15.权利要求1的粘合剂组合物,其中第二改性聚合物包括聚糖、聚糖衍生物、丙烯酸酯、丙烯酸酯衍生物、纤维素、纤维素衍生物及其组合。
16.权利要求15的组合物,其中第二改性聚合物选自羟丙基瓜尔、瓜尔胶、羟乙基纤维素、羟丙基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素与三烷基铵取代的环氧化物反应的聚合季铵盐、羟乙基纤维素和二烯丙基二甲基氯化铵的共聚物,及其衍生物和组合物。
17.权利要求16的组合物,其中羟乙基纤维素是疏水改性的。
18.权利要求16的组合物,其中羟乙基纤维素与三烷基铵取代的环氧化物反应。
19.权利要求18的组合物,其中三烷基铵取代的环氧化物选自三甲基铵取代的环氧化物、十二烷基二甲基铵取代的环氧化物,及其衍生物和组合物。
20.权利要求1的组合物,其中:第一聚合物在组合物中存在的量为5wt%~50wt%;溶胀剂存在的量为至少55wt%;第二聚合物存在的量为0.1wt%~40wt%。
21.权利要求20的组合物,进一步包括高达10wt%的抗菌剂。
22.权利要求21的组合物,其中第一聚合物为聚N-乙烯基-2-吡咯烷酮;溶胀剂为三甘油,第二聚合物选自羟丙基瓜尔、瓜尔胶、羟乙基纤维素、羟丙基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素与三烷基铵取代的环氧化物反应的聚合季铵盐、羟乙基纤维素和二烯丙基二甲基氯化铵的共聚物,及其衍生物和组合物;抗菌剂为葡萄糖酸氯己定。
23.权利要求1的组合物,配制为用于密封活的皮肤和穿透通过皮肤的医用仪器之间连接的医用密封剂。
24.权利要求23的组合物,其中医用密封剂包括第一和第二主要表面,每个主要表面与释放衬层连接。
25.权利要求24的组合物,其中第一释放衬层与第一主要表面连接并具有第一释放值,第二释放衬层与第二主要表面连接并具有与第一释放值不同的第二释放值。
26.权利要求25的组合物,其中粘合剂组合物配制为基本上心形的轮廓。
27.一种制备权利要求1的粘合剂组合物的方法,该方法包括
(a)用γ辐射照射第一聚合物的前体以交联前体;
(b)使交联的第一聚合物与溶胀剂和第二改性聚合物混合,以提供权利要求1的组合物。
28.一种医用制品,包括背衬层和权利要求1的粘合剂组合物。
29.权利要求28的医用制品,其中制品包括医用带材、伤口敷料、绷带或医用皮肤覆盖物。
30.一种药物传送装置,包括:接触皮肤的粘合剂层和背衬层,粘合剂层粘合到背衬层上,并包括权利要求1的粘合剂组合物。
31.权利要求30的传送装置,其中粘合剂层进一步包括局部的、经皮的或离子电渗的治疗剂。
32.权利要求30的传送装置,其中粘合剂层进一步包括赋形剂、溶剂或渗透增强剂。
33.权利要求1的组合物,其中聚(N-乙烯基内酰胺)为聚(N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮),溶胀剂的量为组合物的约60~约80wt%。
34.权利要求33的组合物,其中聚(N-乙烯基内酰胺)为聚(N-乙烯基-2-吡咯烷酮)均聚物。
35.权利要求33的组合物,其中聚(N-乙烯基内酰胺)为N-乙烯基-2-吡咯烷酮单体和非N-乙烯基内酰胺共聚单体的共聚物,其中共聚单体选自N,N-二甲基丙烯酰胺、丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯、丙烯酰胺、乙酸乙烯酯和2-丙烯酰胺-2-甲基-1-丙烷磺酸或其盐;共聚物包括不小于聚(N-乙烯基内酰胺)约50wt%量的N-乙烯基-2-吡咯烷酮单体单元。
36.权利要求33的组合物,其中共聚物包括聚(N-乙烯基内酰胺)约70~约100wt%量的N-乙烯基-2-吡咯烷酮单体单元。
37.权利要求1的组合物,其中辐射交联的聚(N-乙烯基内酰胺)的溶胀度为每克辐射交联的聚(N-乙烯基内酰胺)至少15毫升水。
38.权利要求1的组合物,其中辐射交联的聚(N-乙烯基内酰胺)在固体形式时被辐射交联。
39.权利要求1的组合物,其中改性聚合物和溶胀剂以非辐射形式存在于组合物中。
40.权利要求1的组合物,其中第二改性聚合物和溶胀剂降低第一聚合物的粘合性,同时增加组合物的内聚性。
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-
2003
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-
2004
- 2004-05-27 MX MXPA05013138A patent/MXPA05013138A/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2004-05-27 CA CA002528245A patent/CA2528245A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-05-27 KR KR1020057023326A patent/KR20060018878A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2004-05-27 BR BRPI0411021-8A patent/BRPI0411021A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-05-27 JP JP2006514984A patent/JP4740126B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-05-27 AU AU2004245941A patent/AU2004245941B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2004-05-27 WO PCT/US2004/016676 patent/WO2004108854A1/en active Application Filing
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- 2004-05-27 CN CNB2004800191094A patent/CN100482759C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
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CN101935948A (zh) * | 2010-08-03 | 2011-01-05 | 河南斯维科技有限公司 | 聚酯帘子线用粘合力促进剂水性分散液及其制备方法 |
CN103381130A (zh) * | 2012-05-03 | 2013-11-06 | 3M创新有限公司 | 抗菌型输液胶贴 |
CN107106723A (zh) * | 2014-12-30 | 2017-08-29 | 3M创新有限公司 | 具有吸收性粘合剂密封层的负压伤口敷料 |
CN108475740A (zh) * | 2016-01-08 | 2018-08-31 | 日本瑞翁株式会社 | 使用非水系电解液的电化学装置用的密封剂和电化学装置用密封剂组合物 |
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CN110931793B (zh) * | 2019-11-21 | 2022-06-14 | 合肥国轩高科动力能源有限公司 | 一种负极粘结剂及含有该粘结剂的硅基负极片的制备方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20040247655A1 (en) | 2004-12-09 |
AU2004245941A1 (en) | 2004-12-16 |
CA2528245A1 (en) | 2004-12-16 |
EP1631642A1 (en) | 2006-03-08 |
EP1631642B1 (en) | 2013-03-27 |
WO2004108854A1 (en) | 2004-12-16 |
KR20060018878A (ko) | 2006-03-02 |
BRPI0411021A (pt) | 2006-07-18 |
US9278155B2 (en) | 2016-03-08 |
CN100482759C (zh) | 2009-04-29 |
JP4740126B2 (ja) | 2011-08-03 |
MXPA05013138A (es) | 2006-03-17 |
JP2007526348A (ja) | 2007-09-13 |
AU2004245941B2 (en) | 2010-04-22 |
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