CN1777638A - 具有抗粘连性的聚乙烯醇缩丁醛片材 - Google Patents
具有抗粘连性的聚乙烯醇缩丁醛片材 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1777638A CN1777638A CNA2004800110699A CN200480011069A CN1777638A CN 1777638 A CN1777638 A CN 1777638A CN A2004800110699 A CNA2004800110699 A CN A2004800110699A CN 200480011069 A CN200480011069 A CN 200480011069A CN 1777638 A CN1777638 A CN 1777638A
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- Prior art keywords
- polymer sheet
- acid
- amide
- acid amides
- polymer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 229920002037 poly(vinyl butyral) polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims description 93
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000005336 safety glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 75
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 54
- -1 oleyl palmitic amide Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- HSEMFIZWXHQJAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Amide-Hexadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O HSEMFIZWXHQJAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 17
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004902 Softening Agent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetaldehyde Diethyl Acetal Natural products CCOC(C)OCC DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
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- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- OBETXYAYXDNJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Ethylhexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)C(O)=O OBETXYAYXDNJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- SHZIWNPUGXLXDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N caproic acid ethyl ester Natural products CCCCCC(=O)OCC SHZIWNPUGXLXDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- ORAWFNKFUWGRJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Docosanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O ORAWFNKFUWGRJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- LYRFLYHAGKPMFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O LYRFLYHAGKPMFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- WGDLZZYHWFBVHX-ZPHPHTNESA-N (z)-2-octadecyldocos-13-enamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(C(N)=O)CCCCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC WGDLZZYHWFBVHX-ZPHPHTNESA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FUSNPOOETKRESL-ZPHPHTNESA-N (z)-n-octadecyldocos-13-enamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCNC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC FUSNPOOETKRESL-ZPHPHTNESA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- UAUDZVJPLUQNMU-KTKRTIGZSA-N erucamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O UAUDZVJPLUQNMU-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- TWHQPVYYDWEGRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-octadecylhydroxylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCNO TWHQPVYYDWEGRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FATBGEAMYMYZAF-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(N)=O FATBGEAMYMYZAF-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940113162 oleylamide Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- OXQGTIUCKGYOAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Ethylbutanoic acid Natural products CCC(CC)C(O)=O OXQGTIUCKGYOAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GPZYYYGYCRFPBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-Hydroxyflavone Chemical compound C=1C(=O)C2=CC(O)=CC=C2OC=1C1=CC=CC=C1 GPZYYYGYCRFPBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- IHLDEDLAZNFOJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-octoxy-6-oxohexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O IHLDEDLAZNFOJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PYGXAGIECVVIOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dibutyl decanedioate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCCC PYGXAGIECVVIOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- MNWFXJYAOYHMED-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptanoic acid Chemical class CCCCCCC(O)=O MNWFXJYAOYHMED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OJXOOFXUHZAXLO-UHFFFAOYSA-M magnesium;1-bromo-3-methanidylbenzene;bromide Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Br-].[CH2-]C1=CC=CC(Br)=C1 OJXOOFXUHZAXLO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- UWHCKJMYHZGTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCOCCO UWHCKJMYHZGTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 claims 7
- 125000002777 acetyl group Chemical class [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 claims 4
- ANBZTKMYPDMODS-YPKPFQOOSA-N (z)-n,n-diethyloctadec-9-enamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)N(CC)CC ANBZTKMYPDMODS-YPKPFQOOSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- RZEWIYUUNKCGKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-hydroxyethylamino)ethanol;octadecanoic acid Chemical compound OCCNCCO.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O RZEWIYUUNKCGKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 150000003334 secondary amides Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- 238000007756 gravure coating Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims 1
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 8
- ZTQSAGDEMFDKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyraldehyde Chemical group CCCC=O ZTQSAGDEMFDKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000001241 acetals Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 6
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- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 5
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- OCWYEMOEOGEQAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N bumetrizole Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(C)=CC(N2N=C3C=C(Cl)C=CC3=N2)=C1O OCWYEMOEOGEQAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 3
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- FTQWRYSLUYAIRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[(octadecanoylamino)methyl]octadecanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NCNC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC FTQWRYSLUYAIRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- IMROMDMJAWUWLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethenol Chemical compound OC=C IMROMDMJAWUWLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000005340 laminated glass Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HGBOYTHUEUWSSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric aldehyde Natural products CCCCC=O HGBOYTHUEUWSSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CUXYLFPMQMFGPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N (9Z,11E,13E)-9,11,13-Octadecatrienoic acid Natural products CCCCC=CC=CC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CUXYLFPMQMFGPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CMCBDXRRFKYBDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-dodecoxydodecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOCCCCCCCCCCCC CMCBDXRRFKYBDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DOOGKMKXEXAHIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(2-dodecoxypropoxy)propoxy]propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOC(C)COC(C)COC(C)CO DOOGKMKXEXAHIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LGYNIFWIKSEESD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexanal group Chemical group C(C)C(C=O)CCCC LGYNIFWIKSEESD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000446313 Lamella Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003377 acid catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013475 authorization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000006063 cullet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- MWKFXSUHUHTGQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N decan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCO MWKFXSUHUHTGQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecane Chemical group CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- RRQQLCXFGWWLPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol;octadecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCO.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN RRQQLCXFGWWLPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl acetate Substances CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OBNCKNCVKJNDBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl butyrate Chemical compound CCCC(=O)OCC OBNCKNCVKJNDBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009863 impact test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- VMRGZRVLZQSNHC-ZCXUNETKSA-N n-[(z)-octadec-9-enyl]hexadecanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NCCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC VMRGZRVLZQSNHC-ZCXUNETKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- UTOPWMOLSKOLTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M octacosanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O UTOPWMOLSKOLTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001117 oleyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])/C([H])=C([H])\C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003014 phosphoric acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009824 pressure lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012748 slip agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- SKIVFJLNDNKQPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfacetamide Chemical compound CC(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(N)C=C1 SKIVFJLNDNKQPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000326 ultraviolet stabilizing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
- C08K5/20—Carboxylic acid amides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
- B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10761—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing vinyl acetal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F8/00—Chemical modification by after-treatment
- C08F8/28—Condensation with aldehydes or ketones
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31551—Of polyamidoester [polyurethane, polyisocyanate, polycarbamate, etc.]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31551—Of polyamidoester [polyurethane, polyisocyanate, polycarbamate, etc.]
- Y10T428/31627—Next to aldehyde or ketone condensation product
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
- Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Protection Of Plants (AREA)
- Treatments Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
一种包含脂肪酸酰胺的聚合物片材，特征是增强抗粘连性。此外一种生产聚合物片层的方法，方法包括将脂肪酸酰胺引入聚合物。此外，一种层压安全玻璃，其包含两层玻璃，其间布置中间层聚合物片层，该聚合物片层具有引入的脂肪酸酰胺。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及聚合物片材，更特别地，涉及包含聚乙烯醇缩丁醛，特征为增强抗粘连性的聚合物片材，通过涉及将某些脂肪酸酰胺作为添加剂并入聚合片材的方法得到。
背景技术
增塑聚乙烯醇缩丁醛(在下文中称为“PVB”)通常用于生产聚合物片材，用作光透射层压品例如安全玻璃或聚合层压品的中间层。安全玻璃通常是指透明层压品，由夹在两个玻璃片之间的聚乙烯醇缩丁醛片材组成。安全玻璃经常用于在建筑和汽车开口中的透明屏障。其主要的功能是吸收能量，例如物体流动产生的能量，使其不能通过开口浸入，因此将对封闭区内部物体或人的损害或伤害减到最小。片材配方添加剂通常包括粘性控制剂(“ACA”)，以改变片材与玻璃的粘性，使得可以保持合适水平的粘性，以防止玻璃被击碎，提供对冲击的适当能量吸收。还可以改性夹层，以赋予安全玻璃附加的有益效果，如使得减弱噪声、降低紫外线和/或红外线光透射，和/或增强窗口的美观性吸引力。
通常形成安全玻璃的方法中，两层玻璃和塑料中间层例如PVB被装配进入预压机，粘合成为预层压品，并抛光成为光学透明的层压品。装配阶段包括在下面铺设一块玻璃，覆盖PVB片材，向下铺设第二块玻璃，然后根据玻璃层的边缘切去过量的PVB。
生产塑料中间层通常通过混合PVB聚合物与一种或多种增塑剂，并任选和一种或多种其它成分，并熔融加工混合物形成片材，其通常被收集并卷取用于储运。汽车挡风玻璃的层压加工中，通常从辊切割PVB层区域，并将这些切割区域成型和/或堆叠用于装配。然后从堆叠取出切割区域，并使用坚硬的基材(例如具有特定光学品质的玻璃片)装配成层状排列，使得坚硬基材表面和切割断面表面密切接触布置，并装配形成预压层压品。替代地，该层压组合件可以通过将多切割区域(一个或多个)与多个坚硬片材间隔形成。
增塑PVB片材，无论是卷形式还是堆叠形式，在层压过程之前和期间固有地在环境温度通常易于粘至本身(“粘连”)。已经做出许多努力，以提高PVB的抗粘连性，包括机械粗糙处理片材表面(例如压印)、涂覆粉末例如碳酸氢钠至接触片材表面的饰面、和用酸化学处理PVB片材表面。该表面处理经常令人遗感地引入不合乎需要的操作或玻璃粘附问题。另一种避免该粘连的普通实践中，PVB片材可以插入另一种片材，例如聚乙烯，或可以在冷却下储存并运输，例如，在约5至约15℃。然而，对于标准PVB片材的变化，例如PVB片材引入高增塑剂含量以实现增强降噪(声学)功能，即使在冷却条件下也可能出现粘连。
另外，已经建议将多种抗粘连材料引入PVB。该材料的实例包括褐煤酸酯、乙二醇或丙二醇C1至C25烷基醚，例如二甘醇十二烷基醚和三丙二醇十二烷基醚。然而，将该材料引入PVB可能不利地影响得到的层压品的光学性质或PVB片材与玻璃的粘性。
因此，需要进一步改进方法以增强PVB片材的抗粘连性，没有不利地影响层压品的光学透明度和得到的PVB片材的玻璃粘性。
发明内容
现在令人惊讶地发现，根据本发明，包含脂肪酸酰胺的聚合物片材特征为增强抗粘连性，没有不利的光学和粘性效果。此外，已经发现通过包括将脂肪酸酰胺引入聚合物的生产方法，可以赋予抗粘连性至聚合物片材表面。此外，本发明包括一种层压安全玻璃，其包含两层玻璃，其间布置中间层聚合物片层，其中聚合物片材中引入脂肪酸酰胺。
特别地，根据本发明，公开了增强包含增塑PVB的聚合物片材抗粘连性的方法。该方法包括将表面改性剂引入增塑聚乙烯丁酸酯，其中表面改性剂是优选具有约12至约40个碳原子烃链的脂肪酸酰胺。
根据本发明，可以提供卷或堆叠形式PVB片材，其比不包含本发明表面改性剂的PVB片材更不易粘连。本发明方法可以应用于任何具有合适玻璃化转变温度的聚合物；该方法特别可用于有关玻璃化转变温度低于约40℃的PVB片材；本发明方法特别可用于有关具有低玻璃化转变温度，例如，低于约20℃的PVB片材(本领域中称为“声学”PVB片材)。结果，运输和储存期间可以降低或消除致冷或插入PVB片材的要求。根据本发明，可以获得得自增强抗粘连性的益处，基本上对PVB片材的其它性质，例如，透明度或与玻璃的粘性没有不利影响。
本发明还提供了生产包含增塑聚乙烯醇缩丁醛的聚合物片材的方法。该方法包括熔融加工增塑聚乙烯醇缩丁醛形成片材，并将表面改性剂引入聚合物片材。实现引入表面改性剂可以通过直接将试剂加入挤出前聚合物熔融批料，或通过直接施加抗粘连剂到增塑PVB片材上而完成。
具体实施方式
本发明涉及片状增塑合物，在聚合物片材表面布置有抗粘连剂。虽然如下所述实施方案聚合物是PVB，应当理解该聚合物可以是具有合适玻璃化转变温度的任何聚合物。典型的该聚合物包括聚乙烯醇缩丁醛、聚氨酯、聚氯乙烯、聚(乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯)、上述的组合等。聚乙烯醇缩丁醛、聚氯乙烯和聚氨酯是优选的聚合物；特别优选聚乙烯醇缩丁醛。
用已知水或溶剂缩醛化方法生产PVB，其在酸催化剂的存在下包括使PVOH与丁醛反应，随后中和催化剂、分离、稳定并干燥树脂。该聚合物通常包含约13至约30重量百分数(wt％)按照PVOH计算的羟基，并优选约15至约22wt％按照PVOH计算的羟基。该聚合物进一步包含直至约10wt％残留酯基，并优选直至约3wt％按照聚乙酸乙烯酯计算的残留酯基，其余部分是缩醛，优选丁醛缩醛，但是任选包括其它缩醛基，例如，2-乙基己醛基。通常，产物PVB具有大于约70,000克每摩尔(g/mole)的分子量。此处使用的术语“分子量”应该被理解为平均分子量。生产PVB的合适方法细节是本领域熟练技术人员已知的。PVB是可从Solutia Inc.，St.Louis，MO.以Butvar树脂商购的。
可以加入添加剂至PVB聚合物，以增强最终产物性能。该添加剂包括，但是不局限于染料、颜料、稳定剂(例如，紫外线稳定剂)、抗氧化剂、上述添加剂的组合等。
PVB片材通常包含约20至80，更通常25至60份增塑剂每一百份树脂(“phr”)。增塑剂的量影响PVB片材的Tg。通常，较高量增塑剂降低Tg。通常，PVB片材具有约30℃或更小的Tg。具有低于约20℃Tg的PVB片材经常用作声学PVB片材。通常采用的增塑剂是多元酸或多元醇的酯。合适的增塑剂包括，例如，三甘醇二(2-乙基丁酸酯)、三甘醇二(2-乙基己酸酯)、三甘醇二庚酸酯、四甘醇二庚酸酯、己二酸.二己酯、己二酸二辛酯、己二酸环已基己酯、己二酸庚基酯和己二酸壬基酯的混合物、己二酸二异壬酯、己二酸庚基壬酯、癸二酸二丁酯、聚合物型增塑剂例如油-改性癸二酸醇酸树脂，以及磷酸酯和己二酸酯的混合物，例如公开于美国专利号3,841,890和己二酸酯，例如公开于关国专利号4,144,217。通常还采用的增塑剂是混合己二酸酯，其由C4至C9烷基醇和环C4至C10醇制成，如公开于美国专利号5,013,779。C6至C8己二酸酯，例如己二酸二己酯是优选的增塑剂。
热处理并装配PVB聚合物和增塑剂添加剂成为片状。一种形成PVB片材的示范性方法包括通过对熔融物加压经过片材模具(例如，具有开口的模具，在一维上比其垂直向维度明显更大)，挤出熔融PVB树脂(在下文中称为“熔融物”)。另一种形成PVB片材的示范性方法包括从模具浇铸熔融树脂或半熔融树脂到辊上，固化树脂，随后取下固化树脂形成片材。在每个实施方案中，可以通过调整模口表面或通过在辊表面提供纹理控制片材两面或其中一面的表面织构。其它控制片材织构的其它技术包括反应物材料的可变参数(例如，树脂和/或增塑剂的水含量、熔融温度、或上述参数的组合)。此外，可以装配片材以包括限定暂时表面粗糙度的空隙凸出，以促进高温和压力层压过程后层压过程期间片材脱气，以使凸出部熔入片材，从而产生光洁表面。任何实施方案中，挤出片材通常具有约0.3至约2.5毫米(mm)的厚度。
脂肪酸酰胺是已知的一类重要聚合物添加剂。使用该酰胺作为聚合物添加剂的一个主要益处是作为滑爽剂或润滑剂防止不希望有的粘附。然而，令人遗憾地，已经发现加入该酰胺作为抗粘连添加剂(减少不希望有的聚合物本身表面之间的粘附)不利地影响聚合物薄膜的光学特性，例如浊度、透光度和薄膜透明度，以及聚合物膜与玻璃的粘性。因此，看来以乎已经预先排除脂肪酸酰胺用作玻璃层压品中聚合物膜中间层的用途。
然而出人意料地，现在已经发现脂肪酸酰胺可以成功地用作聚合物片材中防粘连剂，同时不影响片材的光学性质或片材与玻璃的粘性。本发明脂肪酸酰胺优选是具有以下通式的酰胺：
其中R定义为抗粘连链段，包含具有约12至约40个碳原子的烃链，R′定义为H或具有1至约40个碳原子的烃链。这些酰胺包括芥酸酰胺、山萮酸酰胺、油烯基棕桐酸酰胺、硬脂酰芥酸酰胺、芥酸硬脂酰胺(erucyl steramide)、羟基硬脂酰胺、油酸二乙羟基酰胺、硬脂酸二乙羟基酰胺、聚(乙二醇)油酰胺、十八烷酸酰胺(在下文中称为“硬脂酰胺”)、和上述酰胺的混合物。优选单酰胺。特别优选仲单酰胺。特别优选的仲单酰胺是N-油烯基棕榈酸酰胺，具有如下所示双键几何结构的酰胺：
将酰胺抗粘连剂引入PVB以赋予PVB片材表面所需性能的方法是不重要的。优选，可以将酰胺抗粘连剂加入熔融物和挤出物。在熔融物中以足够浓度提供该试剂，以提供所需的抗粘连、透明度和玻璃粘性。优选以约0.001至约1.0wt％的浓度混合酰胺与聚合物；更加优选约0.01至约0.6wt％；最优选约0.1至约0.3wt％。得到的PVB片材优选粘连力比包含PVB树脂、没有酰胺抗粘连剂的聚合物片材的粘连力小至少约50％，更加优选至少约70％，最优选至少约90％。可以通过测量浊度值测定PVB的透明度，其是没有透射通过片材的光量，并可以根据ASIM D1003-61测定。优选，浊度值小于约3％，更加优选小于约2％，最优选小于约1％。
还可以用多种涂布技术将酰胺抗粘连剂引入PVB片材表面，涂布技术包括但是不局限于喷涂技术、凹版印刷、静电技术、浸入(浸泡)技术等。喷涂方法中，在液体载体中分散该试剂的细颗粒分散体，雾化，并喷射在PVB片材表面。载体可以是含水的、溶剂基的(例如，有机含氧溶剂)。载体中酰胺的浓度应该足够获得所需性能。通常，在液体载体中优选以约0.1至约15％(重量)的浓度分散酰胺；更加优选约0.5至约10％；最优选约1至约5％。优选，用该试剂涂布表面的一面。浸泡方法中，将挤出PVB片材浸入携带酰胺抗粘连剂的分散体中。一旦酰胺沉积在PVB片材上，挥发掉载体，从而在PVB片材的表面上留下抗粘连剂。
PVB片材的玻璃粘性基本上不受酰胺抗粘连剂存在的影响。优选，粘性值(PVB片材粘附至玻璃的趋势量)在不包含抗粘连剂的PVB片材的粘性值的约20％内，更加优选在约10％内，最优选约5％内。可以用任何一种技术或组合技术测量与玻璃的粘性，该技术包括但不限于剥离测试和击打粘性测试(测量PVB片材和玻璃之间的粘合强度的测试)。
测试方法
击打粘性
以标准高压釜层压条件制备两层的玻璃层压样品。冷却层压品至0℃，并人工用锤击打以使玻璃破裂。然后除去全部没有粘连到PVB片材的碎玻璃，并以一组标准视觉比较留下粘附至PVB片材的玻璃量。该标准用于度量玻璃保留粘附至PVB片材的不同程度。特别地，在击打标准0，没有玻璃留下粘附至PVB片材。在击打标准10，100％玻璃留下粘附至PVB片材。
粘连性
该测试测量PVB片材粘附至本身的趋势。该测试中，切割两个矩形片带，并完全重叠放置在一起。每对片材的顶部粘附至一块相应尺寸的带材。在两个钢板之间的中央放置薄膜对，并在7℃-25℃以69kPa压力进行贴合24小时。然后在90度剥离试验中用剥离试验装置以84英寸/分钟的剥离速度剥离试片。以每英寸磅数(PLI)量化粘连力。
％浊度(透明度)
该测试测量用PVB片材生产的层压品透明度，根据ASIM D1003-61(1977年再审定)-方法A-使用光源C，观察角2度，测量浊度装置是浊度计，Model D25，其可以从Hunterlab获得。
实施例1
使用高强度实验室用混合机(Brabender)，将100份乙烯醇含量约16wt％、乙酸乙烯酯残余物0.5-4wt％的聚乙烯醇缩丁醛与52份三甘醇二(2-乙基己酸酯)作为增塑剂、0.25phr紫外线吸收剂Tinuvin 326、和如下列表1所示0.2phr多种酰胺蜡混合。在180℃温度下混合混合物7分钟。在5000磅的压力170℃下压制得到的混合块两分钟使其形成0.76mm厚片材。用这些片材生产的全部层压品具有0.4wt％含水量。
表1
| 样品号 | 酰胺类型 | 剥离粘连(PLI) | ％浊度(25℃) | ||
| (0时间) | (1周) | (4周) | |||
| 对照物 | 4.88 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | |
| 1 | 硬脂酰胺 | 4.52 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.5 |
| 2 | 硬脂酰基芥酸酰胺 | 1.73 | 0.5 | 2.2 | 4.7 |
| 3 | 油烯基棕榈酸酰胺 | 0.14 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.7 |
| 4 | 芥酸(Erucyl)硬脂酰胺 | 2.19 | 0.7 | 4.1 | 6.1 |
| 5 | 山萮酸酰胺 | 1.54 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.4 |
可以看出在该浓度单酰胺全部具有合乎需要的粘连力影响；特别优选仲单酰胺、油烯基棕榈酸酰胺，特征为作为抗粘连剂具有最优选效果。此外，加入酰胺抗粘连剂没有影响层压品透明度；包括油烯基棕榈酸酰胺的部分酰胺还显示出浊度没有随时间发展。
实施例2
类似于实施例1的说明，除了使用中试装置挤出工艺，分加入不同浓度的双酰胺(N，N′-亚乙基双油酸酰胺(oleaamide))和仲单酰胺(油烯基棕榈酸酰胺)生产PVB片材。挤出片材厚度为约0.76mm，并且它以约3.2米/分钟从模具排出。批料中使用的酰胺量可以表示为全部配方重量的百万分之几(ppm)。
表2
| 样品号 | 酰胺类型 | 酰胺量(ppm) | 粘连力(PLI) | 击打粘性 | ％浊度(25℃) | |
| (1周) | (4周) | |||||
| 对照物 | 4.88 | 4 | 0.5 | 0.5 | ||
| 1 | 油烯基棕榈酸酰胺 | 1000 | 0.037 | 4 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
| 2 | N，N′-亚乙基双油酸酰胺(oleaamide) | 1000 | 2.15 | 4.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
| 3 | 油烯基棕榈酸酰胺 | 2000 | 0.024 | 4.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
| 4 | N，N′-亚乙基双油酸酰胺(oleaamide) | 2000 | 0.212 | 3.5 | 0.6 | 2.1 |
表2显示使用特别优选酰胺抗粘连添加剂，油烯基棕榈酸酰胺和双酰胺、N，N′-亚乙基双油酸酰胺(oleaamide)的测试结果。表2结果证明当两种酰胺浓度增加时，两种样品的粘连力降低，但是使用油烯基棕榈酸酰胺粘连降低的程度远远超过使用N，N′-亚乙基双油酸酰胺。增加油烯基棕榈酸酰胺浓度对层压品透明度没有影响，但是增加N，N′-亚乙基双油酸酰胺的水平不利地影响样品的透明度。
实施例3
将与实施例2描述的PVB对照片材配方基本相同的PVB片材切成13英寸×19英寸，用包含2wt％多种酰胺的乙醇溶液喷雾至片材表面的一面。蒸发乙醇，并测试样品粘连性、浊度和击打粘性。涂布样品片材在表面上包含约每百万分之(ppm)500至2000份酰胺。PVB片材浊度测试、剥离力测试和击打测试结果在以下表3中给出。
表3
| 样品号 | 酰胺类型 | 载体 | 酰胺的量(ppm) | ％浊度 | 剥离力(PLI) | 击打 |
| 对照物 | 0 | 0.7 | 3.65 | 6 | ||
| 1 | 硬脂酰胺 | 乙醇 | 1000 | 0.7 | 1.97 | 6 |
| 2 | 油烯基棕榈酸酰胺 | 乙醇 | 1000 | 0.5 | 0.084 | 6.5 |
| 3 | N，N′-亚乙基双硬脂酰胺 | 乙醇 | 1000 | 1.9 | 0.062 | 6 |
表3结果表明用酰胺抗粘连剂涂布的聚合物表面与未涂布的聚合物表面相接触，有效粘连减少。这里测试的单酰胺和双酰胺显示出相当的抗粘连性能，但是，加入N，N′-亚乙基双硬脂酰胺不利地影响聚合物片材的透明度。
实施例4
使用与实施例2描述相同的中试装置挤出方法，将乙烯醇含量10wt％-21wt％、醋酸乙烯酯残余物0.5-4wt％的100重量份聚乙烯醇缩丁醛聚合物与30-60重量份作为增塑剂的三甘醇二(2-乙基己酸酯)混合。向该混合物加入0.25重量份紫外线吸收剂Tinuvin 326和0.25份油烯基棕榈酸酰胺。以珠粒形式或增塑剂分散体加入酰胺。对比加入和没有加入酰胺的两个不同的配方性能概括在表4中。
由于其不同的机械性能，在两个不同温度进行两个不同配方的粘连剥离试验。可以看出加入酰胺可以显著地降低配方粘连力，同时没有影响其它性质。结果表明可以消除或降低运输和储存期间致冷或插入PVB片材的需求。
表4
| PVB树脂配方 | 1对照物 | 2 | 3对照物 | 4 |
| 聚乙烯醇缩丁醛 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| 三甘醇二(2-乙基己酸酯) | 52 | 52 | 38 | 38 |
| Tinuvin 326(紫外线吸收剂) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
| 油烯基棕榈酸酰胺 | 0.25 | 0.25 | ||
| 性质 | ||||
| ％浊度 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.6 |
| 玻璃击打粘性 | 3.8 | 4.6 | 5.9 | 6.4 |
| 在10℃的粘连剥离力(PLI) | 1.82 | 0.032 | ||
| 在25℃的粘连剥离力(PLI) | 5.14 | 0.018 |
上述具有脂肪酸酰胺改性表面的PVB片材实施方案适用于典型的PVB中间层，用于层压安全玻璃。此外，因为片材表面改性，上述实施方案特别可用于无插入声学中间层产品应用。
如上所述PVB片材还具有若干优点，优于其中没有引入酰胺表面改性剂的PVB片材。首先，其中引入酰胺改性剂的PVB片材明显降低粘连倾向，同时保持足够的光学品质和合适的与玻璃粘性。在生产的PVB片材并入层压安全玻璃时，这些性质是重要的。由于具有降低的粘连倾向，然后PVB片材可以降低的冷却需求进行储存和运输。其次，因为上述公开的酰胺表面改性剂与PVB至少部分相容，不需要进行附加的处理步骤，例如压印、插入、或洗涤片材以除去表面施涂物例如粉末。其它优点对于本领域熟练技术人员来说是显而易见的。
虽然已经参考示范性实施方案描述本发明，本领域熟练技术人员应该理解在不脱离本发明范围内，可以做出多种改变，并且可以用等效物代替各种要素。此外，不脱离本发明基本范围下，可以做出许多改进，以适应特定情况或本发明教导材料。因此，本发明不限于作为实施本发明最佳方式公开的特定实施方案，而是本发明将包括属于附加权利要求范围的全部实施方案。
Claims (30)
1、一种聚合物片材，包含脂肪酸酰胺作为抗粘连添加剂，其中聚合物片材粘连力比没有脂肪酸酰胺的相同组成聚合物片材的粘连力低至少约50％，并且浊度低至少约3％，并且粘性值在没有酰胺添加剂的相同组成聚合物片材的粘性值的20％内。
2、权利要求1的聚合物片材，其中所述酰胺包含脂肪酸单酰胺。
3、权利要求1的聚合物片材，其中所述酰胺包含脂肪酸酰胺，其包含具有约12至约40个碳原子的烃链。
4、权利要求3的聚合物片材，其中所述脂肪酸酰胺选自芥酸酰胺、山萮酸酰胺、油烯基棕榈酸酰胺、硬脂酰基芥酸酰胺、芥酸硬脂酰胺、羟基硬脂酰胺、油酸二乙醇酰胺、硬脂酸二乙醇酰胺、聚(乙二醇)油酰胺、硬脂酰胺、至少一种上述酰胺的组合等。
5、权利要求2的聚合物片材，其中所述聚合物是聚乙烯醇缩丁醛。
6、权利要求2的聚合物片材，其中脂肪酸单酰胺是仲酰胺。
7、权利要求4的聚合物片材，其中脂肪酸单酰胺是油烯基棕榈酸酰胺。
8、权利要求7的聚合物片材，其中用作添加剂的油烯基棕榈酸酰胺总量是0.001wt％至1wt％。
9、权利要求8的聚合物片材，其中用作添加剂的油烯基棕榈酸酰胺总量是0.01wt％至0.6wt％。
10、权利要求9的聚合物片材，其中用作添加剂的油烯基棕榈酸酰胺总量是0.1wt％至0.3wt％。
11、权利要求1的聚合物片材，其中聚合物选自聚乙烯醇缩丁醛、聚氨酯、聚氯乙烯、聚(乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯)、其组合等。
12、权利要求10的聚合物片材，其中聚合物是聚乙烯醇缩丁醛。
13、权利要求12的聚合物片材，其中聚合物是增塑聚乙烯醇缩丁醛，其中每一百份树脂包含约20至80份增塑剂。
14、权利要求13的聚合物片材，其中聚合物是增塑聚乙烯醇缩丁醛，其中每一百份树脂包含约25至60份增塑剂。
15、权利要求14的聚合物片材，其中聚合物是增塑聚乙烯醇缩丁醛，其中增塑剂选自三甘醇二(2-乙基丁酸酯)、三甘醇二(2-乙基己酸酯)、三甘醇二庚酸酯、四甘醇二庚酸酯、己二酸二己酯、己二酸二辛酯、环已基己二酸己酯、己二酸庚基酯和己二酸壬基酯的混合物、己二酸二异壬酯、己二酸庚基壬基酯、癸二酸二丁酯和其混合物。
16、一种生产聚合物片材的方法，包括将脂肪酸酰胺引入聚合物以赋予所述聚合物片材表面的抗粘连性，其中脂肪酸酰胺包含具有约12至约40个碳原子的烃链。
17、权利要求16生产聚合物片材的方法，其中通过熔融挤出加工聚合物片材使脂肪酸酰胺与聚合物混合，并施加酰胺到片材表面上。
18、权利要求16生产聚合物片材的方法，其中通过将酰胺引入熔融聚合物挤出批料使脂肪酸酰胺与聚合物混合。
19、权利要求18生产聚合物片材的方法，其中通过将酰胺引入熔融聚合物珠粒形式挤出批料使脂肪酸酰胺与聚合物混合。
20、权利要求18生产聚合物片材的方法，其中通过分散所述酰胺进入增塑剂，将酰胺引入熔融聚合物挤出批料使脂肪酸酰胺与聚合物混合。
21、权利要求17的方法，其中所述施加所述酰胺到所述聚合物片材表面上受到选自以下技术的影响，该技术选自喷涂技术、浸入技术、挤出技术、凹版涂布技术和上述技术的结合。
22、权利要求17的方法，其中所述喷涂技术包括在液体载体中分散所述酰胺，雾化所述酰胺和所述液体载体的混合物，喷射所述雾化混合物到所述聚合物片材，并从所述聚合物片材表面挥发所述液体载体。
23、权利要求17的方法，其中所述浸入技术包括将所述聚合物片材浸入具有所述酰胺的液体，回收所述聚合物片材，并从所述聚合物片材表面挥发所述液体载体。
24、权利要求17的方法，其中所述凹版涂布挤出技术包括将所述酰胺在液体载体中分散，当使用凹版涂布装置熔融聚合物时，转印包含所述酰胺的液体载体到所述聚合物片材上，并从所述聚合物片材表面除去所述载体，加压所述熔融聚合物和所述酰胺通过片材模具。
25、权利要求16的方法，其中所述聚合物包含聚乙烯醇缩丁醛。
26、权利要求25的方法，其中所述酰胺包含脂肪酸单酰胺，其包含具有约12至约40个碳原子的烃链。
27、权利要求26的方法，其中所述脂肪酸单酰胺选自芥酸酰胺、山萮酸酰胺、油烯基棕榈酸酰胺、硬脂酰基芥酸酰胺、芥酸硬脂酰胺、羟基硬脂酰胺、N，N’-亚乙基双油酸酰胺、N，N’-亚乙基双硬脂酰胺、油酸二乙醇酰胺、硬脂酸二乙醇酰胺、聚(乙二醇)油酰胺、硬脂酰胺、至少一种上述酰胺的组合等。
28、权利要求26的方法，其中脂肪酸酰胺是仲酰胺。
29、权利要求28的方法，其中脂肪酸单酰胺是油烯基棕榈酸酰胺。
30、一种层压安全玻璃，包含两层玻璃，其间布置中间层聚合物层，其中聚合物片材中引入脂肪酸单酰胺抗粘连剂。
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| CN102596768A (zh) * | 2009-07-10 | 2012-07-18 | 康宁股份有限公司 | 用于保护玻璃板的聚合物薄膜 |
| CN107053796A (zh) * | 2009-07-10 | 2017-08-18 | 康宁股份有限公司 | 用于保护玻璃板的聚合物薄膜 |
| CN105682917A (zh) * | 2013-11-01 | 2016-06-15 | 首诺公司 | 用于层合玻璃的高流动性聚合物夹层 |
| CN108314970A (zh) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-07-24 | 张家港外星人新材料科技有限公司 | 大于10℃时长期无隔离膜保护的抗粘连pvb胶片及其制法 |
| CN108314970B (zh) * | 2017-12-28 | 2021-03-02 | 张家港外星人新材料科技有限公司 | 大于10℃时长期无隔离膜保护的抗粘连pvb胶片及其制法 |
| CN111592687A (zh) * | 2020-05-27 | 2020-08-28 | 天津市海罗兰科技发展股份有限公司 | 热塑性弹性体防粘剂及其制备方法和应用 |
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