CN1738609A - 用于皮肤贴膏的粘合剂组合物及其制造方法 - Google Patents
用于皮肤贴膏的粘合剂组合物及其制造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1738609A CN1738609A CNA200380102447XA CN200380102447A CN1738609A CN 1738609 A CN1738609 A CN 1738609A CN A200380102447X A CNA200380102447X A CN A200380102447XA CN 200380102447 A CN200380102447 A CN 200380102447A CN 1738609 A CN1738609 A CN 1738609A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- adhesive composition
- dermal patch
- acid
- polyhydric alcohol
- parts
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于皮肤贴膏的粘合剂组合物,其含有:(A)含有式(1)和(2)所示的重复单元的(甲基)丙烯酸基聚合物:其中R1和R2各自独立地代表氢原子或甲基,且M代表NH4 +或碱金属,(1)/(2)的比率为100/0至90/10(以摩尔计),(B)水,(C)多元醇,和(D)铝化合物,其中(B)水的含量为5至30质量%;本发明还涉及其制造方法。本发明用于皮肤贴膏的粘合剂组合物可以在粘合剂层的骨架之间含有大量多元醇并可以形成没有多元醇脱水收缩作用的稳定的基础材料。此外,使用本发明用于皮肤贴膏的粘合剂组合物的皮肤贴膏表现出优异的释放性能、良好的粘合性和高安全性。
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请是依据35 U.S.C.Section 111(a)提出的,其依据35 U.S.C.Section 119(e)(1)要求于2002年11月15日依据35 U.S.C.Section 111(b)的规定提出的序号为60/426,397的美国临时申请的权利。
技术领域
本发明涉及用于制备皮肤贴膏(dermal patch)的粘合剂组合物,更具体地,本发明涉及在透皮(transdermal)贴膏用的制剂中包含的具有优异的释放性能、良好的粘合性和高安全性的粘合剂组合物,其用作用于外部施用的经皮吸收型制剂而且是通过使(甲基)丙烯酸基聚合物和经皮吸收的药剂分散或溶解在多元醇水溶液中制得的,还涉及该组合物的制造方法。
背景技术
在用于口腔粘膜、经皮吸收等的医疗用制剂中,多元醇之类的醇最近被证实能够提高药剂的溶解性和经皮吸收性。基于这一发现,正在研究在皮肤贴膏的制剂中加入高浓度的醇。
皮肤贴膏给药系统通常分成两种,即例如硬膏和胶带的不含水制剂,和例如泥罨剂的含水型制剂。作为不含水制剂的粘合剂组合物,使用的是丙烯酰基或橡胶基粘合剂,然而,尽管有良好的药剂经皮吸收性,但由于它们具有高粘合性,因而对皮肤的刺激很强,而且不能用在必须反复贴到皮肤上的药用贴膏中。此外,这些粘合剂没有亲水性而且容易在汗水和体液的作用下剥离,导致在皮肤和贴膏之间形成空隙,从而降低药剂的吸收性。丙烯酰基聚合物还有一个残留单体的毒性问题,特别是在贴到皮肤上时,残留单体会引发皮肤刺激(参看,例如,Nippon Secchku Gakkai Shi(Journal of the Adhesion Society of Japan),27,526(1991))。
另一方面,含水制剂通常是如下构成的:使用天然水溶性聚合物(例如胺黄树胶、阿拉伯胶、角叉菜聚糖、duran gum、藻酸钠、甘露聚糖和明胶)或合成聚合物(例如聚丙烯酸酯、聚甲基丙烯酸酯、聚乙烯醇和聚丙烯酰胺),并将它们与多元醇之类的保湿剂掺合。这些粘合剂的基础材料是亲水性的,因此它们对皮肤的刺激较低而且适合长期使用。然而,它们的粘合性较差,而且由于许多经皮肤吸收的药剂都是亲脂性的,药剂几乎不溶于含有大量水分的含水制剂中,从而产生较差的吸收性。此外,当药剂易于水解时,随着时间的推移,几乎不能保证药剂的稳定性。
为了避免这些问题,例如,在JP-A-4-178323(此处使用的术语“JP-A”是指“未审查的已公开日本专利申请)中提出了将聚丙烯酸溶于含多元醇的凝胶并通过硅酸铝酸镁使其交联的技术。
聚丙烯酸是亲水性的而且据推测刺激性较低。然而,由于这种凝胶几乎不含水,铝和羧基的交联反应几乎不能进行,并且会导致对皮肤的粘着或所谓的“胶粘物残留”,从而在使用时产生极差的感觉。此外,尽管聚丙烯酸溶解在甘油中,但它的低增稠性无助于提高粘合性。
JP-A-6-128151描述了含有特定化学式所示的聚丙烯酸单价盐和/或特定化学式所示的聚甲基丙烯酸、聚丙烯酸和/或聚甲基丙烯酸、预定量的铝盐和醇的硬膏型材料。然而,此处所述的聚合物对醇具有低亲合力,而且随着醇浓度的增加,聚合物会聚集并沉淀,因此没有表现出粘性以及粘合性。
发明公开
本发明的一个目的是解决传统技术中的这些问题并提供一种用于皮肤贴膏的粘合剂组合物,其确保良好的对被粘物的粘合性、对皮肤较低的刺激、不产生液体脱水收缩,和药剂的高经皮吸收性,而且其制备方法足够简单。
在考虑这些问题的基础上进行了广泛的研究,由此本发明的发明人发现,当使用特定的(甲基)丙烯酸基聚合物或其与多元醇的共聚物作为主要组分时,用于皮肤贴膏的粘合剂中的含水量可以基本降至30质量%或更低,而且使用该粘合剂组合物的透皮贴膏表现出优异的经皮吸收性。
也就是说,本发明涉及下列用于皮肤贴膏的粘合剂组合物及其制造方法。
1.一种用于皮肤贴膏的粘合剂组合物,其含有:(A)含有式(1)和(2)所示的重复单元的(甲基)丙烯酸基聚合物:
其中R1和R2各自独立地代表氢原子或甲基,M代表NH4 +或碱金属,
(1)/(2)的比率为100/0至90/10(以摩尔计),(B)水,(C)多元醇,和(D)铝化合物,其中(B)水的含量为5至30质量%。
2.如上面1所述的用于皮肤贴膏的粘合剂组合物,其中(A)含有式(1)和(2)所示的重复单元的(甲基)丙烯酸基聚合物在0.2质量%水溶液中的粘度为400mPa·s或更高。
(所有符号的意思都与上面1所定义的相同。)
3.如上面1所述的用于皮肤贴膏的粘合剂组合物,其中多元醇是三价或更高价的多元醇。
4.如上面3所述的用于皮肤贴膏的粘合剂组合物,其中多元醇是甘油。
5.如上面1所述的用于皮肤贴膏的粘合剂组合物,其中多元醇含量是组合物总量的40至94.5质量%。
6.如上面1所述的用于皮肤贴膏的粘合剂组合物,其中结合使用水溶性铝化合物和氢氧化镁氢氧化铝共沉淀作为铝化合物。
7.如上面1所述的用于皮肤贴膏的粘合剂组合物,其中铝化合物的含量为组合物总量的0.01至20质量%。
8.如上面1所述的用于皮肤贴膏的粘合剂组合物,其进一步含有(E)对多元醇具有高亲合力的聚合物化合物。
9.如上面8所述的用于皮肤贴膏的粘合剂组合物,其中(E)对多元醇具有高亲合力的聚合物化合物是选自由羧基乙烯基聚合物(carboxyvinylpolymer)和N-乙烯基乙酰胺-丙烯酸钠共聚物组成的组的至少一种。
10.如上面8或9所述的用于皮肤贴膏的粘合剂组合物,其中对多元醇具有高亲合力的聚合物化合物的含量为组合物总量的0.01至20质量%。
11.如上面1至10所述的用于皮肤贴膏的粘合剂组合物,其含有双氯酚酸钠作为药物活性成分。
12.如上面1至10所述的用于皮肤贴膏的粘合剂组合物,其含有辣椒素作为药物活性成分。
13.一种制造用于皮肤贴膏的粘合剂组合物的方法,该粘合剂组合物的基本组分为:(A)含有式(1)和(2)所示的重复单元的(甲基)丙烯酸基聚合物:
(所有符号的意思都与上面1中相同),其中(1)/(2)的比率为100/0至90/10(以摩尔计),(B)水,(C)多元醇,和(D)铝化合物,如果需要,还含有(E)对多元醇具有高亲合力的聚合物组合物,其中(B)水的含量如上为5至30质量%,其中将(A)(甲基)丙烯酸基聚合物以及(C)多元醇在(B)水中的溶液混合,产生在其总质量中为50%或更高的水浓度,然后加入剩余成分((C)剩余多元醇,(D)铝化合物和如果需要的(E)聚合物化合物)并混合,从而将水浓度调整至5至30%。
发明详述
下面将详细描述本发明。
本发明的发明人已经观察了聚丙烯酸、聚丙烯酸被部分中和的化合物(丙烯酸-丙烯酸盐共聚物)和聚丙烯酸盐在多元醇的高浓水溶液中的溶解性。聚丙烯酸溶于多元醇的高浓水溶液,但是由于聚合物本身的高聚集性,该溶液变成略混浊的白色。通过改变丙烯酸与丙烯酸盐的共聚比来检测聚丙烯酸部分中和的化合物的溶解性,并如预料的那样,随着对醇具有高亲合力的丙烯酸含量的增加,表现出更高的溶解性。然而,意外的是,已经发现,当丙烯酸含量变成10摩尔%或更低时,共聚物反而在多元醇的高浓水溶液中表现出良好的溶解性。基于此发现完成本发明。还不知道含大量丙烯酸盐的共聚物表现出高溶解性的原因,但设想是如果水即使以较小的量存在,盐会离解,也就是说,许多羧酸盐开始产生,并由此提高对多元醇的亲合力。另一方面,如果丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸(下文中“丙烯酸”或“甲基丙烯酸”合称为“(甲基)丙烯酸”)的含量增加,聚合物分子链中的游离羧基的数会增大而且聚合物会聚集(结块),因此阻碍了盐的离解并使羧酸盐的量降低。
此外,作为基础材料的(甲基)丙烯酸基聚合物是水溶性的,因此提高了粘合剂层的亲水性并且吸收皮肤表面上分泌的水分,这样可以保持皮肤贴膏与皮肤的粘合性并充分获得令人满意的药用功效。此外,与周围环境中的水汽形成平衡状态,并可以防止皮肤产生汗湿状况或皮疹。
本发明获得的用于皮肤贴膏的粘合剂组合物具有优异的性能,因此可用于下述多种用途。
(I)医药产品:
例如,用于透皮贴膏的药剂,例如经皮吸收或经粘膜(permucosal)吸收的制剂。
(II)医疗工具:
例如,冷却发烧区域用的产品、创伤护理用具、医疗用护垫、手术液体吸收剂和烧伤护理用具。
(III)化妆品和准药品:
例如,美容涂敷剂、防晒护理用具、面膜和抗痘产品。
本发明的用于皮肤贴膏的粘合剂组合物的基本组分是(甲基)丙烯酸基聚合物(组分A)、水(组分B)、多元醇(组分C)和铝化合物(组分D),而且水的量很低,基本为5至30质量%。
本发明中使用的(甲基)丙烯酸基聚合物(组分A)的用量优选为组分A至C总量的0.5至30质量%(下面简写成“%”),更优选为2至20%。如果用量低于0.5%,就会从凝胶体中产生脱水收缩(液体分离),致使粘合剂层不均质。如果组分A的量超过30%,成型时的溶胶粘度会增加,并使成型或与其它组分的混合变得困难。
构成组分(A)的重复单元如式(1)和(2)所示:
(其中R1和R2各自独立地代表氢原子或甲基,M代表NH4 +或碱金属)(1)/(2)的比率为100/0至90/10(以摩尔计),这样的(甲基)丙烯酸基聚合物的具体例子包括:
(1)丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸的碱金属盐(例如钠盐、钾盐)、铵盐或类似盐的均聚物,
(2)丙烯酸与丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸的碱金属盐(例如钠盐、钾盐)、铵盐或类似盐的共聚物,
(3)甲基丙烯酸与丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸的碱金属盐(例如钠盐、钾盐)、铵盐或类似盐的共聚物。
优选的是,本发明中使用的(甲基)丙烯酸在0.2质量%水溶液中的粘度为400mPa·s或更高。如果粘度低于400mPa·s,会从凝胶体中产生脱水收缩(液体分离),致使粘合剂层不均质。
在本发明的用于皮肤贴膏的粘合剂组合物中,除了作为组分(A)的(甲基)丙烯酸基聚合物之外,还可以加入(1)/(2)的摩尔比率不在上述范围内(也就是说,(甲基)丙烯酸的摩尔比率超过10%)的(甲基)丙烯酸基聚合物,只要添加量不超过组分(A)的量而且不超过组合物总质量的5%即可。
加入水以提高(甲基)丙烯酸基聚合物的溶解性并由此产生稠化态。水的加入量为5至30%。如果加入量少于5%,(甲基)丙烯酸基聚合物在多元醇中的溶解性会降低并且不能充分获得增稠效果,因此,会产生所谓的“胶质物残留”现象,即聚合物残留在隔离纸或皮肤贴膏施用的皮肤表面上,或产生所谓的“背透”(back-through)现象,即用于皮肤贴膏的粘合剂组合物透过载体挥发出来。另一方面,如果加入量超过30%,药剂在组合物中的溶解性会变差,而且药剂的扩散速率降低,使其较少吸收到皮肤中。
掺入多元醇(C),以提高药剂在皮肤贴膏用的粘合剂组合物中的溶解性和活性并由此提高迁移到皮肤中的能力。多元醇的例子包括,但不限于,乙二醇、丙二醇、1,3-丁二醇、二甘醇、三甘醇、1,4-丁二醇(二元醇)、丙三醇、三氧异丁烷(三元醇)、赤藓醇、季戊四醇(四元醇)、木糖醇、adnitol(五元醇)、allodulcitol、山梨糖醇、液体山梨糖醇、甘露糖醇(六元醇)、聚丙三醇和二丙二醇。其中,考虑到安全性和对(甲基)丙烯酸基聚合物的亲合力,丙三醇是优选的。这些多元醇可以单独使用或两种或多种结合使用。
多元醇的加入量是组合物总量的40至94.5%,优选70至90%。如果加入量低于40%,药剂在基础材料中的溶解性会变得不足,而且吸收到皮肤中的量会减少。
如果所述加入量超过94.5%,(甲基)丙烯酸盐的增稠效果就难以表现,而且粘合剂层几乎不能具有令人满意的成型保持性。
如果需要,也可以加入多元醇以外的溶剂,这种溶剂的例子包括可与水混溶的有机溶剂,例如一元醇(例如甲醇、乙醇、丙醇、苯甲醇、苯乙醇、异丙醇、异丁醇、己醇、2-乙基己醇、环己醇、辛醇、丁醇、戊醇)、酮类(例如丙酮、甲基乙基酮)、溶纤剂、二噁烷、二甲基甲酰胺、N-甲基吡咯烷酮和二甲亚砜;以及与水不混溶的有机溶剂,例如乙酸乙酯和克罗米通(crotamiton)。
在本发明的用于皮肤贴膏的粘合剂组合物中,加入铝化合物(D)作为交联剂,以保持凝胶的成型保持性或防止“胶质物残留”。
铝化合物(D)的加入量为组合物总量的0.01至20%,优选0.1至10%。如果加入量少于0.01%,交联反应进行的不充分,而且基础材料变得粘稠,而如果超过20%,凝胶就会变得过于坚硬并使组合物的粘合性降低。可以通过改变铝化合物的量随意控制粘合性。
铝化合物的例子包括氯化铝、硫酸铝钾、硫酸铝铵、硝酸铝、硫酸铝、EDTA-铝、氢氧化铝-碳酸氢钠共沉淀(例如Kyowa Chemical Industry Co.,Ltd.制造的“Kumulite”)、合成硅酸铝、硬脂酸铝、尿囊酸铝(aluminumallantoinate)、合成水滑石(例如Kyowa Chemical Industry Co.,Ltd.制造的“Alcamac”、“Alcamizer”和“KYOWORD”)、氢氧化镁-氢氧化铝共沉淀(例如,Kyowa Chemical Industry Co.,Ltd.制造的“Sanalmin”)、氢氧化铝(例如Kyowa Chemical Industry Co.,Ltd.制造的“DriedAluminum Hydroxide Gel S-100”)、乙酸铝、氨基乙酸二羟基铝(例如Kyowa Chemical Industry Co.,Ltd.制造的“Glycinal”)、高岭土、铝偏硅酸镁(例如Fuji Chemical Industry Co.,Ltd.制造的“Neusilin”)和铝硅酸镁。铝化合物可以是水溶性的或微溶的。这些铝化合物可以单独使用或两种或多种结合使用。在这些铝化合物中,当结合使用水溶性铝化合物和氢氧化镁氧化铝时,初始交联通过前者进行,而随后的交联通过后者进行,由此可以在短时间内获得具有优异的成型保持性的粘合剂层。
也可以加入铝化合物以外的交联剂,其例子包括钙、锡、铁、镁、锰、锌、钡等的无机酸盐(例如氯化钙、氯化镁、铁明矾、硫酸铁、硫酸镁、EDTA-钙、EDTA-镁、氯化亚锡、碳酸钙、磷酸钙、磷酸氢钙、碳酸镁、硫酸钡、硅酸镁、硬脂酸镁和柠檬酸镁)、氢氧化物(例如氢氧化钙、氢氧化钡、氢氧化镁(例如Kyowa Chemical Industry Co.,Ltd.制造的“KISUMA”)、氢氧化铁和氢氧化亚锡)、氧化物(例如氧化镁(例如Kyowa Chemical Industry Co.,Ltd.制造的“KYOWAMAG”、“MAGSALAT”))、甲醛和环氧化物,例如乙二醇二缩水甘油醚、甘油二缩水甘油醚、聚乙二醇二缩水甘油醚、丙二醇二缩水甘油醚和聚丙二醇二缩水甘油醚。这些交联剂可以单独使用或两种或多种结合使用。
此外,还可以使用用于控制交联反应的试剂,其例子包括对金属离子具有螯合或配位能力的有机酸、有机酸盐和有机碱,例如酒石酸、柠檬酸、乳酸、乙醇酸、苹果酸、水杨酸、富马酸、甲磺酸、马来酸、乙酸、EDTA-二钠、尿素、三乙胺、和氨,还包括无机酸,例如盐酸、磷酸、硫酸、硝酸和氢溴酸。
为了提高多元醇保持性能,可以在本发明的用于皮肤贴膏的粘合剂组合物中加入对多元醇具有高亲合力的聚合物。该聚合物的例子包括聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮、羧基乙烯基聚合物(它是交联的聚丙烯酸)、乙烯基吡咯烷酮-丙烯酸乙酯共聚物、N-乙烯基乙酰胺共聚物(例如N-乙烯基乙酰胺-丙烯酸钠共聚物)、N-乙烯基乙酰胺均聚物、聚乙烯基磺酸、交联的N-乙烯基乙酰胺聚合物、聚衣康酸、羟丙基纤维素和羟丙基甲基纤维素。其中通过为使(甲基)丙烯酸盐聚合物交联而加入的交联剂进行交联的聚合物是优选的。更具体地,羧基乙烯基聚合物、N-乙烯基乙酰胺-丙烯酸钠共聚物、聚乙烯基磺酸等是优选的,而考虑到保持能力,羧基乙烯基聚合物和N-乙烯基乙酰胺-丙烯酸钠是最优选的。在N-乙烯基乙酰胺-丙烯酸钠共聚物中,N-乙烯基乙酰胺和丙烯酸钠的质量比优选为99.9至60∶0.1至40。
该聚合物的加入量为组合物总量的0.1至20%,优选1至10%。如果加入量低于0.1%,就不能获得对多元醇的足够高的保持力,而如果超过20%,与皮肤的触感就会变差而且会产生较差的药剂吸收性。
可以通过使用本发明的凝胶形式施用大量药剂。下面将描述其例子,但是本发明并不限于此。
(a)皮质甾类:
氢化可的松、强的松、丙酸倍氯米松、氟甲松、去炎松、曲安奈德、氟新诺龙、氟轻松、醋酸氟轻松、丙酸氯倍他索等等;
(b)消炎镇痛药:
水杨酸、水杨酸乙二醇酯、水杨酸甲酯、1-薄荷醇、樟脑、舒林酸、三次甲基钠、萘普生、芬布芬、吡咯昔康、曲安西龙、醋酸氢可的松、消炎痛、酮洛芬、对乙酰氨基酚、甲灭酸、氟芬那酸、异丁芬酸、洛索洛芬、thiaprofen、普拉洛芬、fenpurofen、双氯芬酸、双氯芬酸钠、阿氨芬酸、氯诺昔康、planoprofen、羟布宗、布洛芬、联苯乙酸、ketronac、柏莫洛芬、napmeton、萘普生、氟比洛芬、醋酸氟轻松、丙酸氯倍他索、COX-2抑制剂(例如,nimeslid、meroxycam、依托度酸、塞来昔布、罗非昔布)等等。
(c)抗真菌剂:
克霉唑、托萘酯、硝酸益康唑、硝酸奥莫康唑、硝酸噻康唑、硝酸酮康唑、硝酸咪康唑、硝酸异康唑、托萘酯、硝酸噻康唑、硝酸硫康唑、吡咯尼林、pimafusin、十一碳烯酸、水杨酸、西卡宁、制霉菌素、nornaftate、依沙酰胺、phenyliodoundecynoate、thianthol、环吡酮胺、乙醇胺、卤普罗近、曲古霉素、varition、喷他霉素、两性霉素B等等。
(d)抗组胺剂:
抗生素,例如盐酸四环素、盐酸苯海拉明、氯屈米、二苯基咪唑和氯霉素、苯海拉明、马来酸氯苯那敏等等。
(e)抗惊厥药(hyponic sedative):
苯巴比妥、异戊巴比妥、环己巴比妥、劳拉西泮、氟哌啶醇等等。
(f)镇静剂:
氟非那嗪、theoridazine、地西泮、氟硝西泮、氯丙嗪等等。
(g)抗高血压药物:
可乐定、盐酸可乐定、心得静、心得安、盐酸心得安、布拉洛尔、茚诺洛尔、布库洛尔、硝苯地平等等。
(h)抑制性利尿剂:
hydrothiazaide、bendrofluthiazide、环戊噻嗪等等。
(i)抗生素:
盘尼西林、四环素、土霉素、硫酸弗氏霉素、红霉素、氯霉素等等。
(j)麻醉剂:
利多卡因、苯佐卡因、氨基苯甲酸乙酯、地布卡因等等。
(k)抗菌物质:
苯扎氯铵、呋喃西林、制霉菌素、乙酰磺胺、克霉唑等等。
(l)维生素制备物:
维生素A、维生素D2、维生素D3、奥托硫胺、维生素B2等等。
(m)抗癫痫药:
硝基安定、安定、氯硝安定等等。
(n)冠状血管扩张药:
硝化甘油、硝化甘醇、二硝酸异山梨醇酯、丁四硝酯、季戊四醇四硝酸酯、丙帕硝脂等等。
(o)抗组胺剂:
盐酸苯海拉明、氯苯吡胺、二苯基咪唑等等。
(p)止咳药:
右美沙芬、terbutamine、麻黄碱、盐酸麻黄碱等等。
(q)性激素:
孕酮、雌二醇等等。
(r)抗抑郁剂:
多虑平等等。
(s)咽痛治疗剂:
止汗剂,例如二乙胺和樟脑,硝化甘油、硝酸异山梨醇酯等等。
(t)麻醉止痛剂:
盐酸吗啡、盐酸乙基吗啡、硫酸吗啡、盐酸可卡因、petdinehydrochloride、磷酸可待因、磷酸二氢可待因、fantails citrate、舒芬太尼和杜冷丁等等。
(u)天然药物:
黄柏、Pruni Jamasakura、远志、莪术、甘菊、瓜蒌子、甘草、桔梗、苦杏仁、牛黄、五味子、绒毛皂荚、柴胡、细辛、车前子、升麻、美远志、茅苍术根、桑白皮、丁香、温州蜜桔皮、吐根、南天竹、贝母、麦冬块茎、半夏、苍术、天仙子、防风、麻黄、辣椒萃取物等等。
(v)其它:
5-氟尿嘧啶、双氢麦角胺、芬太尼、去氨加压素、地高辛、甲氧氯普氨、多潘立酮、东茛菪碱、氢溴酸东莨菪碱、动物用药物、睡眠诱导药物、循环系统用治疗剂、促进大脑新陈代谢的药剂、杀菌剂、酶制剂、酶抑制剂、生物药剂(多肽)、治疗角化症的药剂、麻醉剂、抗癌药物、全身麻醉药、抗焦虑药、用于哮喘及过敏性鼻炎的药物、抗帕金森症药、化疗中使用的药物、驱虫剂、抗原虫病剂、止血剂、强心剂、兴奋剂型抗睡眠药、治疗慢性中毒的药物、中草药、radiophamaceutical、用于泌尿生殖系统和肛门的药物、降血糖剂、抗溃疡药、头发用药物、多价螯合剂、抗发汗剂、镇定剂、血液抗凝血剂、抗风湿药、抗痛风药、抗凝血剂等等。
如果需要,这些药剂可以两种或多种结合使用。药剂的掺合比优选为用于皮肤贴膏的粘合剂组合物总质量的0.01至30质量%,更优选2至20质量%。
在这些药品中,当共同存在大量水时,所含辣椒素,例如在辣椒萃取物中,已知会对皮肤产生很强的刺激。本发明的用于皮肤贴膏的粘合剂组合物的含水量很小,因此,可以制造对皮肤刺激较低的含辣椒素的热型皮肤贴膏。
此外,最近已经提出,通过43℃或更高的热量或通过酸度的提高而非通过辣椒素刺激VR1受体(即响应辣椒热味的辣椒素受体),从而将热刺激或痛刺激信号传递给大脑(“Journal of Clinical and ExperimentalMedicine(Igaku no Ayumi)”,Vol.201 No.13,1071-1075,2002)。基于此发现,进行在止痛剂中使用辣椒素的研究。也就是,通过使用本发明的粘合性组合物,可以制造含有辣椒素的抗刺激的透皮止痛贴膏。这种贴膏可以特别适用于治疗后带状疱疹神经痛。作为后带状疱疹神经痛的一个症状,疼痛沿神经产生并存在于带状身体区域内。因此,用于治疗该疼痛的透皮止痛贴膏具有下列形式。例如,该贴膏制成宽度为1至10厘米的卷。将该贴膏卷在使用时切割成适于疼痛区域的长度。小型贴膏产品的例子包括直径为1至10厘米的圆形贴膏、边长为1至10厘米的正方形贴膏和可以成排施用于疼痛区域的矩形贴膏。
在本发明的用于皮肤贴膏的粘合剂组合物的制备中,可以在溶液阶段(或凝胶悬浮液阶段)中或在为交联反应老化后加入药剂。适合的方法根据药剂的性质、施用地点和目标释放速率的不同而不同,
还可以加入用于加速药用成分吸收的助剂。助剂的例子包括乙醇、异丙醇、正丁醇、1,3-丁二醇、丙二醇、聚乙二醇#400、甘油、克罗米通、苯甲醇、苯乙醇、碳酸亚丙酯、己基十二烷醇、丙醇、水杨酸、尿囊素、二甲亚砜、二甲基乙酰胺、二甲基甲酰胺、己二酸二异丙酯、癸二酸二乙酯、月桂酸乙酯、羊毛脂、氮酮、1-香叶基氮杂环庚-2-酮(GACH)、脂肪酸二烷基油酰胺、角蛋白软化剂,例如水杨酸、水杨酸衍生物、尿素和硫磺;吡咯烷酮羧酸之类的湿润剂;表面活性剂,例如丙二醇单油酸酯、聚氧亚乙基山梨糖醇酐单硬脂酸酯、山梨糖醇酐单硬脂酸酯和甘油单硬脂酸酯;例如肉豆蔻酸异丙酯和癸二酸二乙酯的酯;例如油醇、十八烷醇和月桂醇的高级醇;脂肪酸,例如硬脂酸、己酸、壬酸、癸酸、十二酸、十四酸、十六酸、十八酸、油酸和亚油酸;萜烯基化合物和表面活性剂,例如薄荷醇、薄荷酮、1,8-萜二烯、蒎烯、薄荷酮、萜品烯、萜品油烯、萜品油和香芹醇;以及例如尿囊素、二甲亚砜、二甲基乙酰胺、二甲基甲酰胺、己二酸二异丙酯、癸二酸二乙酯、月桂酸乙酯、羊毛脂和氮酮之类的辅助剂。在必要时加入的助剂的其它例子包括例如薄荷醇的冷却剂,例如樟脑的加温剂,油类成分,例如杏仁油、橄榄油、山茶油、桃仁油、薄荷油、芝麻油、豆油、貂油、棉子油、玉米油、红花油、椰子油、桉树油、蓖麻油、石蜡油、矿脂、角鲨烯、角鲨烷和羊毛脂;例如羧基乙烯基聚合物的胶凝剂和例如二异丙醇胺的中和剂。一种或多种这些助剂可以掺合。考虑到皮肤刺激性等问题,助剂优选掺合量为每100份药剂质量0.1至5质量份。
在本发明中使用的组合物中,为了更好地发挥组合物的特性、提高处理和成型性质和质量、或提高药剂在凝胶中的可分散性和稳定性,可以在不损害凝胶性能的程度上进一步任意掺入按照此目的选择的添加剂。添加剂的例子如下:
(1)加湿剂:
甘油、丙二醇、山梨糖醇、1,3-丁二醇、dl-吡咯烷酮羧酸、乳酸钠等等。
(2)收敛剂:
柠檬酸、酒石酸、乳酸、氯化铝、硫酸铝、尿囊素氯化羟基铝、尿囊素二羟基铝、苯酚硫酸铝、对苯酚磺酸锌、硫酸锌、氯化氢氧化铝等等。
(3)保湿剂:
多元醇,例如甘油、丙二醇、1,3-丁二醇、山梨糖醇、聚甘油、聚乙二醇和二丙二醇;例如乳酸钠的NMF成分,水溶性聚合物,例如透明质酸、骨胶原、粘多糖和硫酸软骨素等等;
(4)增稠剂:
天然聚合物,例如阿拉伯树胶、胺黄树胶、刺槐豆胶、瓜尔胶、回声胶(echo gum)、刺梧桐胶、琼脂、淀粉、角叉菜胶、藻酸、藻酸盐(例如,藻酸钠)、藻酸丙二醇酯、葡聚糖、糊精、直链淀粉、明胶、胶原质、pullulan、果胶、支链淀粉、支链淀粉半甘醇酸钠、甲壳质、清蛋白和酪蛋白;半合成聚合物,例如聚谷氨酸、聚天冬氨酸、甲基纤维素、乙基纤维素、丙基纤维素、乙基甲基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素、羟丙基纤维素、羟丙甲基纤维素、羧甲基淀粉、羧甲基纤维素碱金属盐、碱金属纤维素硫酸盐、纤维素接枝聚合物、交联明胶、苯二甲酸乙酸纤维素、淀粉-丙烯酸接枝共聚物、邻苯二甲酸酐改性明胶和琥珀酸改性明胶;合成聚合物,例如聚乙烯醇、聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮、聚乙烯基甲基醚、羧基乙烯基聚合物、乙烯基吡咯烷酮-丙烯酸乙酯共聚物、乙烯基吡咯烷酮-苯乙烯共聚物、乙烯吡咯烷酮-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物、乙酸乙烯酯-(甲基)丙烯酸共聚物、聚乙酸乙烯酯-巴豆酸共聚物、N-乙烯基乙酰胺基共聚物(例如,N-乙烯基乙酰胺-丙烯酸钠共聚物)、聚乙烯基磺酸、交联的N-乙烯基乙酰胺聚合物、聚衣康酸、聚丙烯酸羟乙酯、聚丙烯酰胺、苯乙烯-马来酐共聚物和丙烯酰胺-丙烯酸共聚物等等。
(5)用于赋予粘性的物质:
硅橡胶、聚异戊二烯橡胶、苯乙烯嵌段共聚物橡胶、丙烯酸类橡胶、天然橡胶等等。
(6)止痒剂:
樟脑、百里酚、薄荷醇、聚氧化乙烯十二烷基醚、抗组胺剂、氨基苯甲酸乙酯等等。
(7)角蛋白软化及剥离剂:
硫磺、thioxolone、硫化硒、水杨酸、间苯二酚等等。
(8)用于意外摄入的物质:
辣椒粉、辣椒萃取物等等。
(9)粉末原材料:
蒙脱石、硅酸酐、石膏、炭黑、硅藻土、三氧化二铁、碳酸钙、水滑石、滑石、玻璃、高岭土、班脱土、金属皂、高分散硅胶、钛酸化云母、氯氧化铋、鳞片状薄片、锌白、二氧化钛等等。
(10)油类原材料:
杏仁油、橄榄油、硬化油、山茶油、蓖麻油、日本蜡油、椰子油、蜂蜡、鲸蜡、羊毛蜡、巴西棕榈蜡、小烛树蜡、石蜡油、矿脂、微晶蜡、地蜡、角鲨烯、月桂酸、肉豆蔻酸、棕榈酸、硬脂酸、异硬脂酸、油酸、月桂酸、鲸蜡醇、硬脂醇、油醇、辛基十二烷醇、胆固醇、己基正癸醇、白甾醇、乳酸鲸蜡酯、肉豆蔻酸异丙酯、十二酸己酯、肉豆蔻酸肉豆蔻酯、棕榈酸异丙酯、辛基十二烷醇肉豆蔻酸酯、硬脂酸丁酯、可可油、加州希蒙得木油、葡萄子油、鳄梨油、貂油、蛋黄油、地蜡、石蜡、二十二酸、己二酸异丙酯、肉豆蔻酸辛基十二酯、油酸辛基十二酯、胆固醇油酸酯。
(11)表面活性剂:
阴离子表面活性剂,例如硫酸月桂酯、硫酸聚氧乙烯烷基醚、烷基苯磺酸盐、聚氧乙烯烷基醚磷酸、聚氧乙烯烷基苯醚磷酸、N-酰基氨基酸盐、硬脂酸钠、棕榈酸钾、十六烷基硫酸钠、十二烷基硫酸钠、棕榈酸三乙醇胺、聚氧乙烯十二烷基磷酸钠、酰基谷氨酸钠和surfactin;
阳离子表面活性剂,例如苯扎氯胺、苯索氯铵、氯化硬脂酰三甲基铵、氯化二硬脂酰二甲基铵和氯化硬脂酰二甲基苄基铵;
两性表面活性剂,例如烷基二氨基乙基甘氨酸盐酸盐、2-烷基-N-羧基甲基-N-羟乙基-咪唑啉甜菜碱、月桂基二甲基氨基乙酸甜菜碱和卵磷脂;
非离子表面活性剂,例如多元醇脂肪酸酯、单硬脂酸甘油酯、亲脂性甘油单油酸酯、乙二醇单硬脂酸酯、丙二醇单硬脂酸酯、山梨糖醇酐脂肪酸酯、聚氧乙烯山梨糖醇酐脂肪酸酯、聚氧乙烯脂肪酸酯、聚氧乙烯烷基醚、聚氧乙烯烷基苯酚醚、聚氧乙烯山梨糖醇脂肪酸酯、N-酰基氨基酸酯、蔗糖脂肪酸酯、脂肪酸烷醇酰胺、聚氧乙烯化甾醇、聚氧乙烯化羊毛脂和聚氧乙烯氢化蓖麻油,等等。
(12)着色剂:
铁的黄色氧化物、铁的红色氧化物、铁的黑色氧化物、群青、炭黑、氢氧化铬、氧化铬、焦油颜料、色淀、Food Red 2、Food Red 3、Food Red102、Food Red 201、Food Yellow 4、Food Yellow 5、Food Blue 1、FoodBlue2,等等。
(13)香料:
植物香料,例如芥子油、橙油、胡椒油、茉莉油、日本雪松油、鸢尾油、萜品油、橙花油、玫瑰油、桉树油、梨莓油、柠檬油、日本薄荷油和迷迭香油;
动物香料,例如麝香、麝猫香、海狸香和龙涎香;
烃基香料,例如溴代苯乙烯、蒎烯和1,8-萜二烯;
醇基香料,例如苄基醇和1-薄荷醇;
酯基香料,例如乙酸乙酯和水杨酸甲酯;
醛基香料,例如苯甲醛和水杨醛;
酮基香料,例如樟脑、麝香酮和1-薄荷酮;
醚基香料,例如黄樟脑;
酚基香料,例如百里酚;
内酯基香料;酸基香料,例如苯基乙酸;氮化合物基香料,例如吲哚;等等。
(14)紫外线隔离剂:
二苯甲酮型,例如ASL-24、Cyasorb UV-9和Uvinul M-40;苯甲酸型,例如水杨酸苯酯;吡咯型,例如Tinuvin P;腈型,例如Uvinul N-35;尿素型,例如Ancour UA;对氨基酸型,例如Neo Heliopan Give tan F、2-羟基-4-甲氧基二苯甲酮、对氨基苯甲酸辛基二甲酯和对甲氧基肉桂酸乙基己酯;水杨酸型;苯并呋喃型;香豆素型;吡咯型;等等。
(15)防腐剂和杀菌剂:
酸,例如苯甲酸、水杨酸、脱氢乙酸、山梨酸和硼酸;这些酸的盐;酚类,例如苯酚、氯甲酚、氯二甲酚、异丙基甲酚、间苯二酚、邻苯基苯酚、对羟苯甲酸酯、苯氧基乙醇、百里酚、扁柏酚(hinokitiol)和thioxolone;卤化双酚,例如六氯酚和2,4,4’-三氯-2’-羟基二苯醚;酰胺化合物,例如三氯碳酰苯胺、halocarban和十一碳烯酸单乙醇酰胺;季铵化合物,例如苯扎氯铵、溴化烷基异喹啉、苯索氯铵和氯化十六烷吡啶;两性表面活性剂,例如月桂基二(氨基乙基)甘氨酸;2-嘧啶硫醇-1-氧化物锌盐、葡糖酸、氯己定、福美双、N-三氯甲基硫-4-环己烯-1,2-二甲酰亚胺、氯丁醇,等等。
(16)抗氧化剂:
nordihydroguaiaretic acid、愈创木脂、镓酸丙酯、丁基羟基苯甲醚、二丁基羟甲苯(BHT)、生育酚(维生素E)、2,2’-亚甲基二(4-甲基-6-叔丁基)苯酚,等等。
(17)螯合剂:
乙二胺四乙酸盐、焦磷酸盐、六偏磷酸盐、柠檬酸、酒石酸、葡糖酸,等等。
(18)紫外线散射剂:
氧化钛、高岭土、滑石,等等。
(19)pH调节剂:
碱,例如碱金属氢氧化物、碱土金属氢氧化物、伯烷基胺、仲烷基胺或叔烷基胺、和伯链烷醇胺、仲链烷醇胺或叔链烷醇胺,例如氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、氢氧化钙、氢氧化镁、氨、氨水、三乙醇胺、二甲胺、二乙胺、三甲胺、三乙胺、三异丙醇胺、磷酸三钠、磷酸氢二钠、磷酸氢二钾、单乙醇胺、二乙醇胺、二异丙醇胺和聚乙醇胺;
酸,例如柠檬酸、酒石酸、乳酸、乙醇酸、盐酸、硝酸、苹果酸、磷酸;
呈现酸性或碱性的聚合物,例如藻酸、聚谷氨酸、聚天冬氨酸、淀粉-丙烯酸接枝聚合物、聚丙烯酸、聚乙酸乙烯酯-巴豆酸共聚物、乙酸乙烯酯-(甲基)丙烯酸共聚物、乙酸乙烯酯-(甲基)丙烯酸共聚物、乙酸乙烯酯-巴豆酸共聚物、聚乙烯基磺酸、聚衣康酸、苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物和丙烯酰胺-丙烯酸共聚物等等。
此外,还可以加入稳定剂、填料、防腐剂、增塑剂、软化剂、变质抑制剂等等,而且可以在不会对制成的用于皮肤贴膏的粘合剂组合物的性能产生负面影响的范围内,随意加入这些添加剂。
在本发明中,如下制备用于皮肤贴膏的粘合剂组合物:直接将各种原材料混合,将制成的溶胶注入合适的塑模并使溶胶在此交联,或在交联后利用合适的制模机、压片机等将凝胶进一步成型为各种制品。可以通过适当地选择并使用例如捏和机、共捏和机、Kneader-Ruder、Agi-Homomixer、行星式混合机或双行星式混合机将原材料混合。
在混合时,将(A)(甲基)丙烯酸基聚合物与(C)多元醇在(B)水中的溶液混合,产生占其总质量50%或更高的水浓度,并加入剩余组分((C)剩余多元醇,(D)铝化合物和需要时的(E)聚合物化合物)并混合,从而将水浓度调整至5至30%,由此(甲基)丙烯酸基聚合物可以容易地溶解并且可以在较短的时间内制造本发明的用于皮肤贴膏的粘合剂组合物。
例如,使5克聚丙烯酸钠充分分散在45克甘油中,并将制成的分散体加入50克水中,同时捏和。此时,水浓度为50%,因此聚合物在短时间内溶解以容易地提供一种均匀的系统。在确定聚合物均匀溶解后,将该系统捏和,同时加入剩余的100克甘油并由此将最终组合物中的水浓度调整至25%。该方法的特征在于聚合物一旦溶解,即使在随后加入多元醇时,该聚合物也不会沉淀而是保持溶解。
可以将合适量的粘合剂涂布到载体的一个表面或两个表面上,由此将用于皮肤贴膏的粘合剂组合物制成片状,这些载体有例如纸、木材、金属、玻璃纤维、布(例如法兰绒、纺织物、无纺布)、合成树脂(例如聚氨酯、乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物、聚氯乙烯、聚酯(例如聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯)、聚烯烃(例如聚乙烯、聚丙烯)、聚酰胺(例如尼龙6、尼龙66)、聚偏二氯乙烯、聚四氟乙烯)、金属箔(例如铝)、橡胶、纤维素衍生物或其模制品(例如含有塑料膜的层压膜)、片材(箔片)或带材。为了利于制成的片状用于皮肤贴膏的粘合剂组合物的储存,优选在涂有用于皮肤贴膏的粘合剂的表面上贴上用硅氧烷或通过其它合适的方法处理过的剥离片。可以使用的剥离片的例子包括聚乙烯膜、聚丙烯膜、隔离纸、玻璃纸、聚氯乙烯和聚酯。
或者,将未涂有用于皮肤贴膏的粘合剂的表面用硅氧烷或通过其它合适的方法处理,以形成防粘表面(release surface),并将片材卷成卷,涂布表面卷在里面,或者可以将多张片材层叠,使得涂有粘合剂的表面在非粘性表面上。
本发明的最佳实施方式
下面参照实施例描述本发明的有效性,然而,本发明并不限于这些实施例。在实施例中,“份数”是“以质量计的份数”。
实施例1:
掺合组分及掺合比
聚丙烯酸钠
2份
(粘度*560mPa·s)
甘油 75.9份
硫酸铝 1份
氢氧化镁-氢氧化铝共沉淀 0.5份
水 18.975份
氢氧化钠 0.625份
羧基乙烯基聚合物 1份
*使用B-型粘度计测量所有实施例中在0.2质量%水溶液中的粘度(测量条件:20℃,转子2号,30rpm,30分钟)。
配制
将聚丙烯酸钠(Showa Denko K.K.制造的“Viscomate F480SS”)(2份)和甘油(10份)的分散体加入水(12.5份)和硫酸铝(1份)的混合溶液中并混合。当聚合物开始溶解且溶液变稠时,加入甘油(65.9份)、羧基乙烯基聚合物(Sumitomo Seika Chemicals Co.,Ltd.制造的“AQUPECHV-504E”)(1份)和氢氧化镁-氢氧化铝共沉淀(Kyowa Chemical IndustryCo.,Ltd.制造的“Sanalmin”)(0.5份)的混合溶液,并最后逐渐加入氢氧化钠(0.625份)和水(6.475份)的溶液并捏和直至该系统变均匀。
使制成的溶胶成型、密封、在大约20℃下老化3天,然后从容器中取出。当用手指轻触制成的凝胶时,表现出伸长和很强的回弹性。
实施例2:
掺合组分及掺合比
丙烯酸/丙烯酸钠(10/90(摩尔比))共聚物
5.5份
(粘度401mPa·s)
甘油 75.86份
辣椒素 0.5份
硫酸铝 1.6份
净化水 14.54份
N-乙烯基乙酰胺/丙烯酸钠
2份
(90/10(质量比))共聚物
配制
将丙烯酸/丙烯酸钠共聚物(5.5份)、甘油(12.94份)、辣椒素(0.5份)和N-乙烯基乙酰胺/丙烯酸钠共聚物(2份)的混合溶液逐渐加入硫酸铝(1.6份)和净化水(14.54份)的混合溶液中。当溶液变均匀时,逐渐加入甘油(62.92份)并捏和直至该系统变均匀。
将制成的溶胶成型、密封、在大约20℃下老化3天,然后从容器中取出。当用手指轻触制成的凝胶时,表现出伸长和很强的回弹性。
实施例3:
掺合组分及掺合比
聚丙烯酸钠
4份
(粘度675mPa·s)
甘油 57.9份
丙二醇 15份
硫酸铝 1份
净化水 18.6份
羧基乙烯基聚合物 2份
双氯酚酸钠 1份
氢氧化镁-氢氧化铝共沉淀 0.5份
配制
将聚丙烯酸钠(4份)和甘油(13.6份)加入硫酸铝(1份)和净化水(18.6份)的混合溶液中并捏和直至该系统变均匀。随后,逐渐加入甘油(44.3份)、丙二醇(15份)、羧基乙烯基聚合物(Noveon Inc.制造的“CARBOPOL 934”)(2份)和氢氧化镁-氢氧化铝共沉淀(KyowaChemical Industry Co.,Ltd.制造的“Sanalmin”)(0.5份)的混合溶液,并再加入双氯酚酸钠(1份)并捏和。
使制成的溶胶成型、密封、在大约20℃下老化3天,然后从容器中取出。当用手指轻触制成的凝胶时,表现出伸长和很强的回弹性。
另一方面,用间隙为0.5毫米的刮刀式涂布机将制成的溶胶涂布在聚氯乙烯制成的载体上,并在20℃老化3天后,测量经皮吸收性。
实施例4:
掺合组分及掺合比
聚丙烯酸钾
4份
(粘度525mPa·s)
丙烯酸/丙烯酸钠(65/35(摩尔比))共聚物 0.5份
酒石酸 1份
合成水滑石 1份
硫酸铝钾 1份
氧化 18份
甘油 61.5份
交联N-乙烯基乙酰胺聚合物 2份
净化水 5份
克罗米通 5份
消炎痛 1份
配制
将聚丙烯酸钾(4份)和丙烯酸/丙烯酸钠共聚物(0.5份)的混合物立即加入净化水(5份)和甘油(0.5份)的混合溶液中并充分捏和。随后,逐渐加入酒石酸(1份)、合成水滑石(Kyowa Chemical Industry Co.,Ltd.制造的“Alcamac”)(1份)、硫酸铝钾(1份)、氧化铝(18份)、交联N-乙烯基乙酰胺聚合物(2份)和甘油(61份)的混合溶液,并再次捏和。确定该系统变均匀后,逐渐加入克罗米通(5份)和消炎痛(1份)的混合物并捏和,直至该系统变均匀。
使制成的溶胶成型、密封、在大约20℃下老化3天,然后从容器中取出。当用手指轻触制成的凝胶时,表现出伸长和很强的回弹性。
实施例5:
掺合组分及掺合比
丙烯酸钠/甲基丙烯酸钾(50/50(摩尔比))共聚物
30份
(粘度513mPa·s)
乳酸 0.01份
氢氧化铝 0.01份
山梨糖醇多缩水甘油醚 0.1份
甘油 19.88份
1,3-丁二醇 10份
丙二醇 10份
净化水 30份
配制
将丙烯酸钠/甲基丙烯酸钾共聚物(30份)和甘油(19.88份)的混合溶液立即加入净化水(30份)中并充分捏和直至该系统变均匀。随后,逐渐加入乳酸(0.01份)、山梨糖醇多缩水甘油醚(Nagase Kasei Kogyo K.K.制造的“DENACOL EX-614B”)(0.1份)、干燥氢氧化铝凝胶(KyowaChemical Industry Co.,Ltd.制造)(0.01份)、1,3-丁二醇(10份)和丙二醇(10份)的混合溶液,并同时捏和。
使制成的溶胶成型、密封、在大约20℃下老化3天,然后从容器中取出。当用手指轻触制成的凝胶时,表现出伸长和很强的回弹性。
实施例6:
掺合组分及掺合比
聚丙烯酸钠
2份
(粘度560mPa·s)
甘油 75.5份
硫酸铝 0.5份
氢氧化镁-氢氧化铝共沉淀 0.15份
氢氧化铝干燥凝胶 0.20份
水 20.025份
氢氧化钠 0.625份
羧基乙烯基聚合物 1份
配制
将聚丙烯酸钠(Showa Denko K.K.制造的“Viscomate F480SS”)(2份)和甘油(10份)的分散体加入水(12.025份)和硫酸铝(0.5份)的混合溶液中并混合。当聚合物溶解且混合溶液变稠时,加入甘油(65.5份)、羧基乙烯基聚合物(Sumitomo Seika Chemicals Co.,Ltd.制造的“AQUPECHV-504E”)(1份)、氢氧化铝干燥凝胶(低含水量型,Kyowa ChemicalIndustry Co.,Ltd.制造)(0.20份)和氢氧化镁-氢氧化铝共沉淀(KyowaChemical Industry Co.,Ltd.制造的“Sanalmin”)(0.15份)的混合溶液,然后向其中加入氢氧化钠(0.625份)和水(8.00份)的溶液后,将溶液捏和至均匀。
使制成的溶胶成型、密封、在大约20℃下老化3天,然后从容器中取出。当用手指轻触制成的凝胶时,表现出伸长和很强的回弹性。
实施例7:
掺合组分及掺合比
聚丙烯酸钠
2份
(粘度560mPa·s)
甘油 68.6份
肉豆蔻酸异丙酯 7份
硫酸铝 0.25份
氢氧化镁-氢氧化铝共沉淀 0.25份
水 20.153份
氢氧化钠 0.547份
聚氧乙烯山梨糖醇酐单油酸酯 0.20份
羧基乙烯基聚合物 1份
配制
将聚丙烯酸钠(Showa Denko K.K.制造的“Viscomate F480SS”)(2份)和甘油(10份)的分散体加入水(12.153份)、聚氧乙烯山梨糖醇酐单油酸酯(Wako Pure Chemicals Industries,Ltd.制造的“Tween80”)(0.20份)和硫酸铝(0.25份)的混合溶液中并混合。当聚合物溶解且混合溶液变稠时,加入甘油(58.6份)、肉豆蔻酸异丙酯(7份)和羧基乙烯基聚合物(Sumitomo Seika Chemicals Co.,Ltd.制造的“AQUPEC HV-504E”)(1份)和氢氧化镁-氢氧化铝共沉淀(Kyowa Chemical Industry Co.,Ltd.制造的“Sanalmin”)(0.25份)的混合溶液,然后向其中逐渐加入氢氧化钠(0.547份)和水(8.00份)的溶液后,将溶液捏和至均匀。
使制成的溶胶成型、密封、在大约50℃下老化1天,然后从容器中取出。当用手指轻触制成的凝胶时,表现出伸长和很强的回弹性。
对比例1:
掺合组分及掺合比
丙烯酸/丙烯酸钠(30/70(摩尔比))共聚物
4份
(粘度531mPa·s)
甘油 74份
硫酸铝 1份
氢氧化镁-氢氧化铝共沉淀 1份
水 16.75份
氢氧化钠 1.25份
羧基乙烯基聚合物 2份
配制
将丙烯酸/丙烯酸钠共聚物(Showa Denko K.K.制造的“ViscomateNP-600”)(4份)和甘油(10份)的分散体加入水(10份)和硫酸铝(1份)的混合溶液中并混合。当聚合物开始溶解且溶液变稠时,加入甘油(64份)、羧基乙烯基聚合物(Sumitomo Seika Chemicals Co.,Ltd.制造的“AQUPEC HV-504E”)(2份)和氢氧化镁-氢氧化铝共沉淀(KyowaChemical Industry Co.,Ltd.制造的“Sanalmin”)(1份)的混合溶液,最后逐渐加入氢氧化钠(1.25份)和水(6.75份)的溶液并捏和直至该系统变均匀。
使制成的溶胶成型、密封、在大约20℃下老化3天,然后从容器中取出。当用手指轻触制成的凝胶时,完全没有表现出回弹性,甘油渗出且溶胶粘在手指上。
对比例2:
掺合组分及掺合比
聚丙烯酸 4份
甘油 74份
硫酸铝 1份
氢氧化镁-氢氧化铝共沉淀 1份
水 16.75份
氢氧化钠 1.25份
羧基乙烯基聚合物 2份
配制
将聚丙烯酸(Mw:4,000,000,Sigma-Aldrich Co.制造)(4份)和甘油(10份)的分散加入水(10份)和硫酸铝(1份)的混合溶液中并混合。当聚合物开始溶解且溶液变稠时,加入甘油(64份)、羧基乙烯基聚合物(Sumitomo Seika Chemicals Co.,Ltd.制造的“AQUPEC HV-504E”)(2份)和氢氧化镁-氢氧化铝共沉淀(Kyowa Chemical Industry Co.,Ltd.制造的“Sanalmin”)(1份)的混合溶液,最后逐渐加入氢氧化钠(1.25份)和水(6.75份)的溶液并捏和直至该系统变均匀。
使制成的溶胶成型、密封、在大约20℃下老化3天,然后从容器中取出。当用手指轻触制成的凝胶时,完全没有表现出回弹性,且溶胶粘在手指上。
对比例3:
掺合组分及掺合比
聚丙烯酸钠
4份
(粘度560mPa·s)
甘油 30份
硫酸铝 1份
净化水 61.5份
羧基乙烯基聚合物 2份
双氯酚酸钠 1份
氢氧化镁-氢氧化铝共沉淀 0.5份
配制
将聚丙烯酸钠(4份)和甘油(13.6份)加入硫酸铝(1份)和净化水(61.5份)的混合溶液中并捏和直至该系统变均匀。随后,逐渐加入甘油(16.4份)、羧基乙烯基聚合物(Noveon Inc.制造的“CARBOPOL 934”)(2份)和氢氧化镁-氢氧化铝共沉淀(Kyowa Chemical Industry Co.,Ltd.制造的“Sanalmin”)(0.5份)的混合溶液,并再加入双氯酚酸钠(1份)并捏和。
使制成的溶胶成型、密封、在大约20℃下老化3天,然后从容器中取出。当用手指轻触制成的凝胶时,表现出很强的回弹性。
另一方面,用间隙为0.5毫米的刮刀式涂布机将制成的溶胶涂布在聚氯乙烯制成的载体上,并在20℃老化3天后,测量经皮吸收性。
测试实施例:使用双氯酚酸钠的透皮贴膏的经皮吸收性
将180至220克的Wister鼠的背部去毛,并贴上使用实施例3或对比例3的凝胶的透皮贴膏,产生50毫克/千克的剂量。通过HPLC测量随时间流逝的血液中的浓度并观察血浆中的浓度变化。所得结果列示在表1中。
表1
双氯酚酸钠透皮贴膏的经皮吸收性
时间(小时) | 2 | 4 | 6 | 8 |
实施例3:浓度(微克/毫升-血浆) | 0.28 | 0.44 | 0.63 | 0.85 |
对比例3:浓度(微克/毫升-血浆) | 0.06 | 0.08 | 0.11 | 0.14 |
工业应用性
通过使(甲基)丙烯酸酯聚合物和经皮吸收的药剂分散或溶解在高浓度多元醇水溶液中,制得本发明的用于皮肤贴膏的粘合剂组合物,使得在粘合剂层的骨架之间含有大量多元醇并可以形成没有多元醇脱水收缩作用的稳定的基础材料。此外,使用本发明粘合剂组合物的用于皮肤贴膏的制剂表现出优异的释放性能、良好的粘合性和高安全性。
Claims (13)
3.如权利要求1所述的用于皮肤贴膏的粘合剂组合物,其中所述多元醇是三价或更高价的多元醇。
4.如权利要求3所述的用于皮肤贴膏的粘合剂组合物,其中所述多元醇是甘油。
5.如权利要求1所述的用于皮肤贴膏的粘合剂组合物,其中所述多元醇含量是组合物总量的40至94.5质量%。
6.如权利要求1所述的用于皮肤贴膏的粘合剂组合物,其中结合使用水溶性铝化合物和氢氧化镁氢氧化铝共沉淀物作为所述铝化合物。
7.如权利要求1所述的用于皮肤贴膏的粘合剂组合物,其中所述铝化合物的含量为组合物总量的0.01至20质量%。
8.如权利要求1所述的用于皮肤贴膏的粘合剂组合物,其进一步含有(E)对多元醇具有高亲合力的聚合物化合物。
9.如权利要求8所述的用于皮肤贴膏的粘合剂组合物,其中(E)对多元醇具有高亲合力的聚合物化合物是选自由羧基乙烯基聚合物和N-乙烯基乙酰胺-丙烯酸钠共聚物组成的组中的至少一种。
10.如权利要求8或9所述的用于皮肤贴膏的粘合剂组合物,其中所述对多元醇具有高亲合力的聚合物化合物的含量为组合物总量的0.01至20质量%。
11.如权利要求1至10任何一项所述的用于皮肤贴膏的粘合剂组合物,其含有双氯酚酸钠作为制药活性成分。
12.如权利要求1至10任何一项所述的用于皮肤贴膏的粘合剂组合物,其含有辣椒素作为制药活性成分。
13.一种制造用于皮肤贴膏的粘合剂组合物的方法,该粘合剂组合物的基本组分为:
(A)含有式(1)和(2)所示的重复单元的(甲基)丙烯酸基聚合物:
其中所有符号的含义都与权利要求1中的相同,(1)/(2)的比率为100/0至90/10(以摩尔计),
(B)水,
(C)多元醇,和
(D)铝化合物,
如果需要,还可以含有(E)对多元醇具有高亲合力的聚合物组合物,
其中(B)水的含量如上为5至30质量%,
其中将(A)(甲基)丙烯酸基聚合物与(C)多元醇在(B)水中的溶液混合,产生在其总质量中为50%或更高的水浓度,然后加入剩余成分,即(C)剩余多元醇、(D)铝化合物和需要时的(E)聚合物化合物,并混合,从而将水浓度调整至5至30%。
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CN103338771A (zh) * | 2011-02-02 | 2013-10-02 | 日东电工株式会社 | 贴剂 |
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CN112405734A (zh) * | 2020-11-10 | 2021-02-26 | 漳州市德根工贸有限公司 | 一种胶合板生产工艺及其设备 |
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DK1786481T3 (da) * | 2004-09-06 | 2010-02-15 | Vollert Kai | Kompres til den kombinerede påføring af naturmedicinske stoffer og elektromagnetiske strålinger |
WO2006112533A1 (en) * | 2005-04-18 | 2006-10-26 | Showa Denko K.K. | Water-containing gel form and production method thereof |
JP5791227B2 (ja) | 2007-08-06 | 2015-10-07 | 大塚製薬株式会社 | アデニン化合物を含有するゲル状外用組成物 |
WO2009142993A1 (en) * | 2008-05-21 | 2009-11-26 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Topical application of analgesic for pain relief |
ITMI20081552A1 (it) * | 2008-08-29 | 2010-02-28 | Biofarmitalia Spa | Composizione migliorata per la trasmissione topica di principi attivi nel corpo umano od animale |
CN102933209B (zh) * | 2010-04-13 | 2015-06-17 | 东亚合成株式会社 | 医疗用粘合剂组合物、医疗用贴剂和该组合物的制备方法 |
US20110301260A1 (en) * | 2010-06-07 | 2011-12-08 | Elmer's Products, Inc. | High-strength glue stick formulation |
FI20115692L (fi) | 2011-06-30 | 2012-12-31 | Silverphase Oy | Polymeerinen antimikrobinen lisäaine |
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JP6469136B2 (ja) * | 2014-12-22 | 2019-02-13 | 久光製薬株式会社 | パップ剤 |
KR101883203B1 (ko) * | 2017-09-13 | 2018-07-31 | 주식회사 설매 | 스티커형 마스크팩 시트의 제조방법 및 이러한 방법으로 제조된 스티커형 마스크팩 시트 |
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US20190351094A1 (en) * | 2018-05-21 | 2019-11-21 | Milliken & Company | Wound care device having fluid transfer and adhesive properties |
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2003
- 2003-10-29 TW TW092130104A patent/TW200427470A/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
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CN103338771A (zh) * | 2011-02-02 | 2013-10-02 | 日东电工株式会社 | 贴剂 |
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US10011712B2 (en) | 2011-10-04 | 2018-07-03 | Genic Co., Ltd. | Hydrogel composition for a mask base and method for manufacturing a hydrogel using same |
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AU2003276707A1 (en) | 2004-05-25 |
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WO2004039358A8 (en) | 2005-05-12 |
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