CN1669381A - Rotary and surface tillage method for paddy field - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides the method of rotary tillage in the paddy field, it discharges the water directly to the fields which have been reaped, the depth of the water is 3 to 8 centimeters, the time of immersing the fields need 8 hours at least, fertilize the field with right amount, rotary tillage in the condition of the rotary tillage depth is about 10 to 15 centimeters and the speed of the rotary cultivator is about 3 to 5 kilometers per hour, meanwhile, shakeout the paddy field by the tow bar which is fixed at the back of the rotary cultivator, then transplant rice seedlings. The method can save more than 50 percent water, turn the rhizome of the fresh weeds and the small spring crops to the bottom of the superjacent bed and make them mycosis naturedly, they will become the useful fertilizer, change the rubbish into treasure, and it deduces the usage of the fertilizer, improves the soil, the more important is that this method simplifies the current cultivation working procedures such as mechanical or artificial deep tillage, artificial flatting field, fertilizing field, and salvaging floater into one rotary tillage, so it can deduce the work hour, the expenses of labor, and save the cost, be good to realize the mechanical operation, and make it increase the production and foison. As a result it is a method that is worth to be extended widely.

Description

Rotary and surface tillage method for paddy field

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of methods of cultivation of farmland, especially a kind of method of the farmland being implemented rotary and surface tillage.

Background technology

Paddy rice is the staple food crop of China, accounts for 30% of total cereal crops sowing area.China is again the country that a water resource is comparatively burst and lacked simultaneously, and water resource only is 5% of world's gross amount of water resources, and the skewness of water resource cause quite regional people, animal water difficulty especially, and industrial water has not been known where to begin more in addition.China's agricultural water accounts for about 80% of national total water amount now, and the paddy rice water has accounted for major part.Therefore, when guaranteeing grain stable high yield, how to take the most effective water saving measures, this is the important goal that people struggle for a long time for it.And after the existing rice field farming of China adopts harvesting complete primary school spring sown crop always, will to the rice field carry out machinery or manually plough deeply, artificial flat field, the soaked field that discharges water before transplanting seedlings, harrow a field, can transplant seedlings afterwards.Not only operation is many for this traditional tillage method; and it is time-consuming; expensive; (30 yuan/mu in the tractor-ploughing field one time of taking a lot of work; manually dig 100 yuan/mu in field one time; harrow a field one time 20 yuan/mu; salvage 20 yuan/mu of residue drifts); the more important thing is water wasting (just can soak) because the rice field of turning over will consume big water gaging; take fertile; because topsoil is turned over bury bottom in; organic matters such as weeds and stem of plant stake in late autumn are also by buried; make the surplus fertilizer that has not been absorbed these natural organic matters and last year can not fully obtain utilizing; both wasted useful natural organic fertilizer on the one hand; on the other hand again to the rice shoot of new plantation from newly to fertilize; not only increase cost, but also the ecological stereochemical structure layer of meeting heavy damage soil property is unfavorable for improving the soil; be unfavorable for the growth of crops; be unfavorable for improving grain yield and quality, be unfavorable for the protection of ecotope, more the sustainable development of the incompatibility ecological agriculture.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiency of prior art, a kind of rotary and surface tillage method for paddy field is provided,, reduce man-hour, save irrigation water and chemical fertilizer, improve the soil, improve output to reduce the farming number of times.

The present invention realizes by following technical proposal: a kind of rotary and surface tillage method for paddy field is characterized in that by following farming step:

A, the former Tanaka behind the late autumn crop harvesting, the soaked field that discharges water, depth of water 3-8 centimetre, at least 8 hours soaked field time;

B, apply fertilizer to the subsoil in right amount in the field of steeping;

C, carry out rotary tillage the bubble Tanaka who executed base fertilizer, 10-15 centimetre of the control rotary tillage degree of depth, 3-5 kilometer/hour of the rotovator speed of travel shakeout the rice field of ploughing with the drawbar that is fixed on the rotovator afterbody simultaneously, can the rice transplanting seedling.

The soaked degree of depth in the described A step is the degree of depth that the field face is crossed in water logging, spends shallow then being unfavorable for the rice field maceration, crosses deeply both to be unfavorable for rotary tillage, also waste precious water resource simultaneously, preferably be controlled between 3-6 centimetre, and surface to good, so that the rotary tillage operation with bar stake in the rice field or weeds end.

Base fertilizer dispensing in the described B step can guarantee that the fertilizer in the rice field is even, and liquid manure is not run off, and can effectively promote organic matters such as weeds, crop bar stake in late autumn to ferment fast simultaneously, absorbs for crop.

In the described C step, the rotary tillage degree of depth is crossed the shallow growth that then can influence rice shoot, crosses and deeply not only wastes the liquid manure resource, and easily cause plow layer fertilizer deficiency, is unfavorable for plant growth; The rotovator speed of travel is too fast, influences cultivating quality, and crossing influences operating efficiency slowly, should be controlled in the 3-5 kilometer/hour scope, the soil block in the rice field is attenuated, guarantee to transplant seedlings quality and operating efficiency.

The present invention has following advantage and effect:

1, owing to is former Tanaka's water soaked field behind the late autumn crop harvesting, and the depth of water only is 3-8 centimetre, can satisfy cultivated land, required enough moisture content transplants seedlings, can reduce water consumption to greatest extent again, compare with the deep ploughing method, can reduce by 50% water consumption, thereby reach the purpose of conserve water resource, be convenient to the rotary tillage operation in addition.

2, because the dispensing of base fertilizer is in the process before the rotary tillage, can guarantee uniform of application behind the soaked field, can saves liquid manure again from damage and not run off, can also save 20% fertilizer amount.

3, need not in advance machinery deep ploughing or manually dig the field, only need rotary tillage once and every mu only spend 20 yuan of rotary tillage expenses and just can transplant seedlings, the weeds that newly grow and the rhizome of little spring sown crop are turned in the bottom, upper strata, neither influence and transplant seedlings, can make organic matter spontaneous fermentations such as weeds at the bottom of ploughing under layer, rhizome again, making it can be not floating, thereby need not to play waterlogging, becomes useful natural organic fertilizer, turn waste into wealth, help reducing fertilizer amount, reduce cost, improve the soil.

4, the shallow plowing degree of depth provided by the invention is the optimum depth of rice crop growth, because the root length of rice crop also in this scope, therefore, can effectively promote growing of paddy rice, helps the volume increase good harvest.

5, because shallow plowing can not influence the hard soil layer of lower floor; both protected the three-dimensional layer of soil; do not make the liquid manure seepage; provide enough fertilizer nutrients to paddy growth; draining when both having quickened to gather in again; simultaneously also for mechanized operations such as rotovator, grain header create favorable conditions, to improve agricultural production efficiency.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1

A, the former Tanaka behind the late autumn crop harvesting, the soaked field that discharges water, 3 centimetres of the depth of waters, at least 8 hours soaked field time;

B, apply fertilizer to the subsoil in right amount the Tanaka who steeped;

C, carry out rotary tillage the bubble Tanaka who executed base fertilizer, 10 centimetres of the control rotary tillage degree of depth, 3 kilometers/hour of the rotovator speeds of travel are shakeout the rice field of ploughing with the drawbar that is fixed on the rotovator afterbody simultaneously, can the rice transplanting seedling.

Embodiment 2

A, the former Tanaka behind the late autumn crop harvesting, the soaked field that discharges water, 8 centimetres of the depth of waters, at least 8 hours soaked field time;

B, apply fertilizer to the subsoil in right amount the Tanaka who steeped;

C, carry out rotary tillage the bubble Tanaka who executed base fertilizer, 15 centimetres of the control rotary tillage degree of depth, 5 kilometers/hour of the rotovator speeds of travel are shakeout the rice field of ploughing with the drawbar that is fixed on the rotovator afterbody simultaneously, can the rice transplanting seedling.

Embodiment 3

A, the former Tanaka behind the late autumn crop harvesting, the soaked field that discharges water, 6 centimetres of the depth of waters, at least 8 hours soaked field time;

B, apply fertilizer to the subsoil in right amount the Tanaka who steeped;

C, carry out rotary tillage the bubble Tanaka who executed base fertilizer, 12 centimetres of the control rotary tillage degree of depth, 4 kilometers/hour of the rotovator speeds of travel are shakeout the rice field of ploughing with the drawbar that is fixed on the rotovator afterbody simultaneously, can the rice transplanting seedling.

Claims (1)

1, a kind of rotary and surface tillage method for paddy field is characterized in that by following farming step:

A, the former Tanaka behind the late autumn crop harvesting, the soaked field that discharges water, depth of water 3-8 centimetre, at least 8 hours soaked field time;

B, apply fertilizer to the subsoil in right amount in the field of steeping;

C, carry out rotary tillage the bubble Tanaka who executed base fertilizer, 10-15 centimetre of the control rotary tillage degree of depth, 3-5 kilometer/hour of the rotovator speed of travel shakeout the rice field of ploughing with the drawbar that is fixed on the rotovator afterbody simultaneously, can the rice transplanting seedling.