CN104221522A - Improvement method for waste salt pan - Google Patents
Improvement method for waste salt pan Download PDFInfo
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- CN104221522A CN104221522A CN201410414028.XA CN201410414028A CN104221522A CN 104221522 A CN104221522 A CN 104221522A CN 201410414028 A CN201410414028 A CN 201410414028A CN 104221522 A CN104221522 A CN 104221522A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of salt pan improvement, in particular to an improvement method for a waste salt pan. The improvement method for the waste salt pan comprises the following steps: (1) making preparations: installing a salt elimination device in the waste salt pan; (2) drenching soil for the first time to reduce salt; (3) spraying a biological desalting agent, and performing the improvement on the soil by utilizing the biotechnology; (4) performing secondary irrigation: irrigating while eliminating the salt, and draining drenching water in the salt elimination device in time; (5) performing seedbed preparation; (6) performing water and fertilizer management during a growing period. The salt content of the waste salt pan improved by the method disclosed by the invention can be reduced to be lower than 0.3 percent, and the waste salt pan becomes a good field, so that the agricultural acreage is greatly increased, and food security is ensured; the waste salt pan becomes the good field by second ploughing, and therefore the problem of provisionment for the population rapidly growing in China can be solved, and the economic benefit, the social benefit, the ecological benefit and the scientific and technological demonstration benefit are remarkable.
Description
(1) technical field
The present invention relates to improvement field, salt pan, particularly a kind of improvement method of discarded salt pan.
(2) background technology
In recent years, the raw industry entry in saltern was walked with difficulty the stage, and a lot of salt pan becomes discarded ground, these are discardedly due to for many years by sea water immersion, soil aggregate is destroyed, organic grade for nutrient component damages is serious, workability of soil extreme difference, soil compaction, the bulk density of soil is large, and penetration declines, and particularly soil salt content is high, higher reaches more than 1.5%, and crops can not normal growth.At present, reclaim as farmland, do not have breakthrough technically both at home and abroad to discarded salt pan, this work is high in technological content, and fund input is large, and effect is not remarkable.
(3) summary of the invention
The present invention, in order to make up the defect of prior art, provides a kind of improvement method that effectively can improve the discarded salt pan of discarded salt pan salt content.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
The improvement method in discarded salt pan, is characterized in that, step is as follows:
1) prepare: in discarded salt field, salt discharge device is set;
2) first to Soil leaching salt reduction: be bulldozed in the soil in salt pan with bulldozer, tilling depth 30cm, then diversion pressure alkali cleaning salt, adopts broad irrigation, keeps depth of water 30cm, continue immersion 3 days, then drained in time by the trickle in salt discharge device;
3) spray biological desalter, utilize biotechnology to improve soil: ground is done latter every mu and adopted the desalter 5kg 50kg that adds water to convert into dissolution homogeneity and spray soil, adds deep plough level, makes the soil of ground moistening be in loose aeration status for a long time;
4) carry out secondary to pour water: row limit, limit is filled with, and is drained in time by trickle in salt discharge device;
5) seedbed preparation: first cutting high pad low, by leveling land, alleviating perniciousness harm, then deep ploughing is suned the earth which has been ploughed up, and cuts off capillary, improves soil activation, and the fertility of soil and transparent performance; Adopting in whole ground process wets ploughs, the method for dry harrowing;
6) water and fertilizer management in vegetative period: water in Wintering Period mid or late November and survive the winter water once; Spring irrigation is watered once in 5-7 days than other ground in advance, draws hoe and loosen the soil after watering; Pour water once in spring before dead height of seedling peak, irrigation quantity is 200 ~ 300 cubes/mu, oozes under making fresh water natural.
Described salt discharge device is salt discharge ditch, described salt discharge furrow width 5 meters, dark 3 meters, digs one every 40 meters.
Described salt discharge device can also be the hidden pipe in the salt field that is laid in advance, and described hidden pipe has some water seepage holes.
Supplements fresh water irrigation to part salt content is high after testing plot before sowing, irrigation quantity is 200 ~ 300 cubes/mu, allows under fresh water nature and oozes, then impose fertilizer, every mu of consumption 2000kg, simultaneously with the use of 64%(N-18 P-46) diammonium phosphate 50kg.
Described fertilizer is the cow dung become thoroughly decomposed.
In step 5) when whole ground, sow organic manure in salt field, every mu of 60 ~ 100kg.
Described organic manure comprises actinomycetes, decomposer, photosynthetic bacteria, bacillus subtilis, rotten fishes and shrimps and amino acid.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
Salt content through the discarded salt pan that method of the present invention is transformed can be down to less than 0.3%, and the high and discarded salt pan being not suitable for plant growth of original salt content is just transformed into the farmland of crops suitable growth, and increase arable land greatly, guarantees grain security.Discarded second ploughing is the staple food supply problem that good farmland can solve the population that China increases fast, economic benefit, social benefit, ecological benefits, science and technology demonstration remarkable benefit.In two years that in project test block, transformation is ploughed, crops harvest is all right, the Wheat and Corn and Cotton of plantation, all reaches normal output standard of ploughing.
(4) embodiment
Be specific embodiments of the invention below:
The state-owned land that the present embodiment chooses the use of saltern, former Wudi County second improves as Project Areas, and in this Project Areas, landforms are alluvial plain of Huanghe, and physical features is more smooth; Soil types is strand moisture soil, and the soil texture is based on middle earth, and tillage condition is convenient, and soil layer is deep, and arable land oeverall quality is good.Natural vegetation, based on green foxtail, Herba Heteropappi Altaici, has reed and Zhang Mao concurrently.The eighties in last century is developed as salt pan.In development process, be bulldozed the evaporating area as salt pan with bulldozer, soil surface is damaged, and collapse dept about 0.5m makes soil salt content increase the weight of.Stop using because Project Areas is discarded for a long time, by original sea water intrusion and neighbouring fresh water neutralization, soil salt content is still very high, average out to 1.24%, and the content of organic matter is extremely low, and soil arability is poor.As follows to the improvement steps of this Project Areas:
1, science layout water conservancy projects
According to project planning, repair farmland water conservancy works, first the salt solution in salt pan all to be drained, emptying.In Project Areas, new excavation is wide 5.0 meters again, and 26, the high standard salt discharge ditch of dark 3.0 meters, every 40 meters one, repaiies 4, production road with stylish, and one, 8 meters of arch bridges, pass by one's way and wear 150, letter, small-sized check gate 2,2, pumping station.Hidden pipe can also be laid in salt field in advance, hidden pipe excavates some water seepage holes, replace salt discharge ditch by hidden pipe
2, first to Soil leaching salt reduction
The comprehensive regulation is carried out to soil, adopts bulldozer that the soil in embanked field is bulldozed, and soil is deep ploughed, tilling depth 30cm.Then diversion pressure alkali cleaning salt, quotes with family's river fresh water, carries out broad irrigation, keep depth of water 30.0cm, continue immersion 3 days, then drained in time by trickle in salt discharge ditch.
3, spray biological desalter, utilize biotechnology to improve soil.
Do after, every mu adopt biological desalter 5 kilograms be watered 50 kilograms convert into dissolution homogeneity spray soil.Add deep plough level 30 ~ 35cm, make the soil of ground moistening be in loose aeration status for a long time, be conducive to salt leaching, suppress the accumulation of salt in the surface soil.Now can supplement abundant fertilizer as the cow dung etc. become thoroughly decomposed, be advisable with 2 ~ 3000kg/ mu, improve the buffer capacity of soil.Can also enrich the humus such as rotten fishes and shrimps, humic mass-energy effectively forms sodium humate in conjunction with sodium ion unnecessary in soil, reduces surface soil alkalinity.Sodium humate can also stimulate plant growth, strengthens saline-alkaline tolerance.Organic nutrient preserving capability, moisture capacity and the air capacity of soils that can improve soil, reduces evaporation, suppresses salinity.The organic acid produced in microorganism growth process, the alkalescence of sweetening of the soil, accelerate the decomposition of nutrient, thus be conducive to the drip washing of saline-alkali soil salinity.
4, carry out secondary after doing to pour water, pour water while draining continues 2 days, and trickle in salt discharge ditch is drained in time.In salt pan, salt solution drains, and carries out chemical examination of fetching earth.5 samplings are taked in each salt pan, sample native degree of depth 0-20cm, altogether soil sampling 15, measure soil salt content, pH value and the content of organic matter, the Simultaneously test bulk density of soil.Recording soil mean salt amount is 1.245%, and pH value is 8.13.After first time diversion pressure alkali cleaning salt, when soil moisture content is suitable for, carry out chemical examination of fetching earth.Still take five point samplings samplings, 0-20cm and 0-5cm soil, each soil sampling 50, mensuration soil salt content, recording soil mean salt amount, to reduce to 0.591%, 0-5cm soil salt content mean value be 0.544%.Soil salt content declines obviously.After second time diversion pressure alkali cleaning salt, again take five point sampling samplings, measure 0-20cm soil salt content, record average out to 0.398%, pH value is 8.44, substantially reaches crop growth requirement.
Find that part plot salt content is higher in addition if 5, rear after testing, then high to these salt content plot supplements fresh water irrigation, irrigation quantity is 200 cubes ~ 300/ mu, time is not limit, ooze under making fresh water natural, further reduction soil salt content, imposes the cow dung that fertilizer mainly becomes thoroughly decomposed prior to seeding, every mu of consumption 2000 kilograms; Because of saline land all seriously lack phosphorus, general nitrogen stress, compounding application 64%(N-18 P-46) diammonium phosphate 50kg.Can soil structure be improved like this, strengthen and keep liquid manure ability, suppress saline and alkaline and swash, improve ground temperature.
6, seedbed preparation
First organic manure is sowed in salt field, every mu of 60 ~ 100kg, and organic manure comprises actinomycetes, decomposer, photosynthetic bacteria, bacillus subtilis, rotten fishes and shrimps and amino acid, wherein actinomycetes, decomposer, photosynthetic bacteria, the functional microorganisms such as bacillus subtilis, large in production period viable bacteria amount, anaerobic bacteria and aerobic bacteria synergy, breed rapidly after being manured into soil with organic substrate simultaneously, the degree of depth is fermented, decompose the root metabolite affecting crop regeneration in soil, fertile residual, medicine is residual, increase soil nutrient, improve chemical fertilizer utilization ratio, improve moisture capacity and the air capacity of soils of soil, make Zinc fractions granular structure, prevent and treat the salinization of soil, eliminate soil compaction, improvement soil structure, and effectively suppress the growth and breeding of harmful bacteria, kill the residual adult in soil and worm's ovum, purification soil, overcome continuous cropping.Bio-fertilizer take complex microbial community as core zymophyte, be that main matrix is through reaching profound fermentation in 60 days with natural organic substance, and be aided with chitin, efficiency natural fertilizer that dregs of beans, fish meal, humus, large medium trace element are refined, Zinc fractions granular structure can be helped, elimination is hardened, and play cushioning effect to the harmful anions and canons in soil, alkali falls in acid adjustment, suppress the accumulation of salt in the surface soil, preserve moisture and fertility.Beneficial microbe produces multiple growth-promoting class metabolite, promote plant well established and vigorously developing, bloom bear fruit, fruit maturation, drought resisting resist cold.The mineral element of organic acid in metabolite also in solubilized soil, fixed nitrogen, phosphorus decomposing, potassium decomposing.The beneficial microbe metabolites such as several amino acids and crop required humus, mineral matter, promote crop root growth, improve Nutrient Absorption rate, the natural vigor of soil can be recovered at short notice, absorb and residual fertility in recovery soil, reach the effect improving fertilizer efficiency and obviously volume increase.Then cutting high pad low, by leveling land, alleviating saline and alkaline causing harm, then deep ploughing is suned the earth which has been ploughed up, and cuts off capillary, improves soil activation, and the fertility of soil and transparent performance.Be conducive to farming retaining like this, broadcast full stand to protect wheat one.Adopt wet method of ploughing dry harrowing.Wet cultivated, moisture in the soil foot salt can be made light, be beneficial to full stand; Dry harrowing, is conducive to forming granule and clod, native to loose table, reduce saline and alkaline swash very favourable.The leveling of rake a kind of farm tools is ploughed to soil, leaves part a clod of earth, make salinity concentrate on a clod of earth, thus alleviate the harm to wheat seeding.
7, salt-enduring cultivars is selected to sow
Sowing, selects salt-enduring cultivars Ji wheat No. 22, and every mu of sowing 25kg, increases seeding quantity 50% than usually.Date of seeding was October 24, than usually late sowing 20 days.Because of the low 0.5-1 DEG C of saline land general soil temperature, wheat tillering is few, and sowing date for early sowing can increase effective tiller and effective accumulated temperature before the winter.But stop over due to whole, postponed sowing time.To emerge " Invest, Then Investigate " Basic Seedling, check in Basic Seedling 320,000 plants/acre.
8, the water and fertilizer management in vegetative period
Strengthen the management of wheat growth stage, from emerging to turning green, be in the anti-salt peak period of soil always, often the dead seedling by salt damage.Water in Wintering Period mid or late November and survive the winter water once.Spring irrigation is watered once in 5-7 days than other ground in advance, draws hoe and loosen the soil after watering.Spring first water, can not be too early, can not be excessively late, too early, ground temperature is low, affects wheat seedling growth; Spend evening, dead seedling is many, yields poorly.Pour water once in spring before dead height of seedling peak, irrigation quantity controls at 200 ~ 300 cubes/mu, and the time is not limit, and oozes, can effectively control the soil accumulation of salt in the surface soil like this under making water natural.
9, gather in the crops in good time
Wheat ripening stage, adopts combine to gather in the crops wheat.This year, 91.2301 hectares of wheats received 410,000 kilograms altogether, amounted to 300 kilograms every mu.Straw-returning is carried out after results.
10, again soil salt content is measured after results
Carried out salometry to 0-20cm soil after harvesting wheat, mean value is 0.35%, substantially reaches the standard of common farming land.Plant part cotton and corn after harvesting wheat, grown fine.
Except technical characteristic described in specification, all the other technical characteristics are those skilled in the art's known technology.
Claims (7)
1. the improvement method in discarded salt pan, is characterized in that, step is as follows:
1) prepare: in discarded salt field, salt discharge device is set;
2) first to Soil leaching salt reduction: be bulldozed in the soil in salt pan with bulldozer, tilling depth 30cm, then diversion pressure alkali cleaning salt, adopts broad irrigation, keeps depth of water 30cm, continue immersion 3 days, then drained in time by the trickle in salt discharge device;
3) spray biological desalter, utilize biotechnology to improve soil: ground is done latter every mu and adopted the desalter 5kg 50kg that adds water to convert into dissolution homogeneity and spray soil, adds deep plough level, makes the soil of ground moistening be in loose aeration status for a long time;
4) carry out secondary to pour water: row limit, limit is filled with, and is drained in time by trickle in salt discharge device;
5) seedbed preparation: first cutting high pad low, by leveling land, alleviating saline and alkaline causing harm, then deep ploughing is suned the earth which has been ploughed up, and cuts off capillary, improves soil activation, and the fertility of soil and transparent performance; Adopting in whole ground process wets ploughs, the method for dry harrowing;
6) water and fertilizer management in vegetative period: water in Wintering Period mid or late November and survive the winter water once; Spring irrigation is watered once in 5-7 days than other ground in advance, draws hoe and loosen the soil after watering; Pour water once in spring before dead height of seedling peak, irrigation quantity is 200 ~ 300 cubes/mu, oozes under making fresh water natural.
2. the improvement method in discarded salt pan according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described salt discharge device is salt discharge ditch, and described salt discharge furrow width 5 meters, digs one every 40 meters by dark 3 meters.
3. the improvement method in discarded salt pan according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described salt discharge device is the hidden pipe in salt field of being laid in advance, and described hidden pipe has some water seepage holes.
4. the improvement method in the discarded salt pan according to any one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterized in that, before sowing, fresh water irrigation is supplemented to the part plot that salt content is high after testing, irrigation quantity is 200 ~ 300 cubes/mu, ooze under making fresh water natural, then impose fertilizer, every mu of consumption 2000kg, simultaneously with the use of 64%(N-18 P-46) diammonium phosphate 50kg.
5. the improvement method in discarded salt pan according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described fertilizer is the cow dung become thoroughly decomposed.
6. the improvement method in discarded salt pan according to claim 4, is characterized in that, in step 5) when whole ground, sows organic manure in salt field, every mu of 60 ~ 100kg.
7. the improvement method in discarded salt pan according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described organic manure comprises actinomycetes, decomposer, photosynthetic bacteria, bacillus subtilis, rotten fishes and shrimps and amino acid.
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106385845A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-02-15 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Root irrigation water-saving cultivation method for plants in secondary saline-alkali land |
| CN107046837A (en) * | 2017-04-17 | 2017-08-18 | 盐城师范学院 | Coastal strongly salined soil 5N rapidly and efficiently desalination process |
| CN107114101A (en) * | 2017-06-06 | 2017-09-01 | 合肥助航生态农业科技有限公司 | A kind of soil improvement method of organic vegetable greenhouse |
| CN108184358A (en) * | 2018-01-12 | 2018-06-22 | 郑晓华 | A kind of physics and the effective ways in bioconjugation improvement salt-soda soil |
| CN109220037A (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2019-01-18 | 青岛奥德贝商贸有限公司 | A kind of reconstruct of soil and plant cultivation method |
| CN111742636A (en) * | 2020-05-30 | 2020-10-09 | 杭州聚和土地规划设计有限公司 | Salt washing treatment system and method for salt pan |
| CN111892460A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-11-06 | 天津开发区坤禾生物技术有限公司 | Bio-organic fertilizer for improving soil quality of saline-alkali soil and application thereof |
| CN112314097A (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2021-02-05 | 衡阳市顶点环保设备有限公司 | Saline-alkali soil treatment system and treatment method thereof |
| CN112602396A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-04-06 | 宁夏大学 | Saline-alkali soil salt-reducing and yield-increasing cultivation method |
| CN113317247A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-08-31 | 汇泰渤海水产有限责任公司 | Method for breeding pollution-free salt pan shrimps |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107114101A (en) * | 2017-06-06 | 2017-09-01 | 合肥助航生态农业科技有限公司 | A kind of soil improvement method of organic vegetable greenhouse |
| CN108184358A (en) * | 2018-01-12 | 2018-06-22 | 郑晓华 | A kind of physics and the effective ways in bioconjugation improvement salt-soda soil |
| CN109220037A (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2019-01-18 | 青岛奥德贝商贸有限公司 | A kind of reconstruct of soil and plant cultivation method |
| CN109220037B (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2021-11-12 | 东营顺利生物科技有限公司 | Land reconstruction and plant cultivation method |
| CN111742636A (en) * | 2020-05-30 | 2020-10-09 | 杭州聚和土地规划设计有限公司 | Salt washing treatment system and method for salt pan |
| CN111892460A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-11-06 | 天津开发区坤禾生物技术有限公司 | Bio-organic fertilizer for improving soil quality of saline-alkali soil and application thereof |
| CN112314097A (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2021-02-05 | 衡阳市顶点环保设备有限公司 | Saline-alkali soil treatment system and treatment method thereof |
| CN112602396A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-04-06 | 宁夏大学 | Saline-alkali soil salt-reducing and yield-increasing cultivation method |
| CN113317247A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-08-31 | 汇泰渤海水产有限责任公司 | Method for breeding pollution-free salt pan shrimps |
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Denomination of invention: An improvement method of abandoned salt field Effective date of registration: 20211228 Granted publication date: 20160504 Pledgee: Industrial and Commercial Bank of China Limited Wudi sub branch Pledgor: SHANDONG WUDEI GOLD LAND DEVELOPMENT CONSTRUCTION CO.,LTD. Registration number: Y2021980016657 |
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