CN1636555A - 用于雌二醇与另一种类固醇物质共同给药的透皮释药基质 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于雌激素及另一种类固醇物质共同给药的基质型透皮贴剂,其中,所述基质由含N-乙烯基-2-吡咯烷酮的丙烯酸共聚物压敏粘合剂、雌二醇、其它的类固醇物质以及任选性地渗透增强剂组成,同时雌二醇与其它类固醇从基质内释出的通量分别不依赖于基质内其它类固醇及雌二醇的各浓度。
Description
本申请是申请号为97196563.3、申请日为1997年7月2日、发明名称为“用于雌二醇与另一种类固醇物质共同给药的透皮释药基质”的中国专利申请的分案申请。
技术领域
本发明涉及透皮释药领域。具体而言,本发明涉及用于雌二醇与另一种类固醇物质共同给药的基质型透皮贴剂(patch),其中,由基质中释放出的各类固醇的通量都不依赖于基质中其它物质的浓度。
发明背景
基质型透皮贴剂是其中含有药物并从聚合物基质内释放出该药物的那些制剂。所述基质通常由压敏胶粘剂组成并且确定贴剂的基底表面(即与皮肤粘贴的表面)。当基质需释放不止一种药物时,从基质释出的各药物的通量分别取决于压敏胶粘剂中其它药物(或其它多种药物)的浓度。这是由于,基质内各药物的浓度会影响其它药物(或多种药物)在压敏胶粘剂中的溶解性。
EP A 89310350.7(公开于1990.4.1)描述了一种用于雌二醇和/或雌二醇酯给药的透皮基质型贴剂。所述贴剂的压敏胶粘剂成分是丙烯酸2-乙基己酯(EHA)与N-乙烯基-2-吡咯烷酮(NVP)的共聚物。这种共聚物据称可提供一种维持基质内相对高浓度的雌二醇同时无雌二醇结晶的方式。这种含NVP丙烯酸共聚物的胶粘剂采用竞聚率极其不同的两种单体,因此考虑到所有的实际需要,此类聚合物可能具有“嵌段共聚物”结构,同时存在相异的长链NVP和EHA微区。除了提及雌二醇酯可以用作药物外,该专利申请并未提供有关基质内包含第二种不同的类固醇物质的建议及数据。
发明内容
本发明涉及一种用于雌二醇和另一种类固醇给药的透皮贴剂,该贴剂包括:
a)背层,和
b)基质层,其中包括:
(i)含NVP的丙烯酸共聚物压敏胶粘剂;
(ii)雌二醇;和
(iii)另一种类固醇物质,其中,所述的另一种类固醇物质从基质层释放出的通量不依赖于基质层内的雌二醇浓度,同时雌二醇从基质层内释出的通量也不取决于基质层内其它类固醇物质的浓度。
本发明的另一方面是向需治疗妇女提供一种激素替代疗法的方法,该方法包括给所述妇女的皮肤施用上述贴剂。
附图说明
图1-12是下列实施例中的体外皮肤通量数据图。
实施本发明的方式
在此所用的术语“透皮”是指经皮和经粘膜(例如经口含化)给药,即药物经完好的皮肤或粘膜扩散入循环内。
术语“另一种类固醇”是指除雌二醇或雌二醇酯以外的其它类固醇物质。所述的其它类固醇的实例是但不限于黄体酮、乙酸炔诺酮、炔诺酮、去氧孕烯、孕二烯酮、炔诺孕酮、左炔诺孕酮、睾丸素、甲基睾丸素及雄烯二酮。
术语“通量”是指类固醇经每单位面积的体外释放速率,该数据采用下列实施例中的方法来测定。
术语“不依赖于”是指基质内每种类固醇的通量在基质内其它类固醇的浓度发生改变的同时并无显著性变化。若有改变,通量的变化通常也在±35%的范围内。
基质的压敏胶粘剂共聚物成分是一种含NVP的丙烯酸共聚物。所述NVP占5-50摩尔%同时另外的丙烯酸单体占40-95摩尔%。在丙烯酸共聚物胶粘剂中其它常用单体在上述背景技术中已作描述。例如,EP A 89310350.7公开了一种NVP与EHA的共聚物。其中的EHA占共聚物的45-80摩尔%,优选55-70摩尔%,而NVP占共聚物的20-55摩尔%,优选30-45摩尔%。
基质内雌二醇的含量为基质重量的约1-20%,优选约2-12%,还优选3-10.5%,更优选3-9%。所述另外的类固醇通常应占基质重量的1-20%,优选1-8%,更优选1.5-6.0%,这取决于所用的具体类固醇。例如,当另外的类固醇为乙酸炔诺酮时,该类固醇物质通常为基质重量的1-8%,更优选1.5-6.0%;当另外的类固醇为睾丸素时,通常它应为基质重量的1-10%。虽然雌二醇通量不依赖基质内其它类固醇浓度(反之亦然)的确切机理还不清楚,但可能是由于含NVP丙烯酸共聚物的“嵌段共聚物”结构导致各类固醇选择地分布在特定的嵌段微区内并且它们自微区的释放不依赖于其它的类固醇。
除共聚物和类固醇物质以外,基质还可以含有一种或多种皮肤渗透增强剂。适用的皮肤渗透增强剂包括但不限于是饱和和未饱和的脂肪酸及它们的酯、醇类、甘油单酯、乙酸酯、二乙醇酰胺及N,N-二甲基酰胺;例如,油酸、油酸丙酯、十四烷酸异丙酯、单油酸甘油酯、单十二烷酸甘油酯、十二烷酸甲酯、十二烷醇、十二烷酰胺二乙醇酰胺以及它们的混合物。还可以采用饱和与不饱和的脱水山梨醇酯,诸如脱水山梨醇单油酸酯和脱水山梨醇单十二烷酸酯。其它在基质型贴剂中常用的添加剂也可在基质内存在。此类添加剂包括但不限于是增粘剂、充填剂或其它影响基质粘附特性的添加剂与减小皮肤刺激性的添加剂(例如甘油)、以及影响共聚物中的类固醇溶解性的添加剂。
基质的配制可以是将胶粘剂(通常为溶液)、雌二醇、另外的类固醇、渗透增强剂(若需要)以及其它添加剂(若需要)按照适当的配比进行混合,再将混合物浇铸在基衬上(例如脱模衬底(release liner)),干燥该浇铸层以除去溶剂,并且将背层层压在干燥的聚合物基质上。背层通常应为闭塞的。脱模衬底及背层材料都是透皮贴剂领域中所熟知的。
本发明还进一步以下列实施例说明。这些实施例不以任何方式限制本发明。
具体实施方式
实施例1
(A)单含乙酸炔诺酮(NEA)的基质:
含乙酸炔诺酮(NEA,Schering AG,德国、柏林)的基质叠层制备如下。通过在预称重铝皿内称重少量的胶粘剂溶液可确定EHA/NVP丙烯酸共聚物胶粘剂(TSR胶粘剂,Sekidui,Chemical Co.日本)的固体胶粘剂百分率。在70℃下的对流烘箱内过夜干燥以蒸发掉溶剂,再次称重铝皿。固体百分率的计算是将干重除以湿重并乘以100。在玻璃瓶内称重已知量的TSR胶粘剂溶液。根据胶粘剂溶液的重量及固体胶粘剂的百分率可以计算出溶液中胶粘剂的含量。加入适当量的NEA和脱水山梨醇单油酸酯渗透增强剂(ARLACEL 80,ICI美国,Wilmington,Delaware),从而得到如下表I所示的多种组合物(制剂1-3),所有百分量都以干重计。每个玻璃瓶都用瓶塞盖紧并用实验用膜密封(PARAFILM“M”,American National Can Company,Greenwhich,CT),并且旋转过夜。
此后,将约8ml药物/脱水山梨醇单油酸酯/TSR溶液分配于脱模衬底上(硅化聚酯脱模衬底,Release Technologies,Inc.,W.Chicago,Illinois),并用空隙为10密耳的铸刀进行浇铸。将这种浇铸混合物在70℃的对流烘箱内干燥15分钟后得到厚度约为2.0密耳的干燥膜。随后用橡胶辊将背膜(聚乙烯背膜,3M Carp.,St.Paul,Minnesota)层压在干燥的胶粘剂膜上。该基质叠层用于进行如上所述的体外皮肤通量测定。
采用改进的Franz扩散池来进行体外皮肤通量实验。将热分离的人体表皮膜切割成长方形条。上述基质叠层被切成表面积为0.71cm2的圆孔。将脱模衬底剥落并弃去后,将上述圆孔层压在表皮膜的角质层表面。再将各片皮肤-穿孔基质的夹层置于分散池的供给室和接收室之间并且表皮侧朝着接收室并夹紧固定。随后在接收室内充入0.02%的叠氮化钠溶液,并将池置于循环水浴中,校准该循环水浴以使皮肤表面的温度保持在32±1℃。在预定的时间间隔时,收集接收室内的全部内容物以对药物进行定量,随后将接收室重新充入新鲜的接收介质,同时小心地除去任何在皮肤/溶液界面上出现的气泡。按照下列公式计算出在任意时间t时每单位面积的药物渗透累积量(Qt,μg/cm2):
其中,Cn是相应取样时间接收样品内的药物浓度(mg/ml),V是接收室内的液体体积(~6.3cm3),同时A为扩散池的扩散面积(0.64cm2)。Qt相对于t所划的最适直线的斜率提供了稳态通量(Jss,μg/cm2/h);该直线在时间轴上的截距为迟滞时间(tL,h)。
在相同的供体皮肤上如上所述对NEA含量递增(1.5-6%w/w)的三种制剂(表I,制剂1-3)以及参比制剂进行了体外皮肤通量的评估。参比制剂的作用是将固有的皮肤变异性降至最低并且更好地解释实验结果的变化趋势。在本实验及下列实验中,被测制剂的体外药物通量用各皮肤相关于参比制剂通量的基线来标准化,所述参比制剂的通量是在相同供体皮肤上同时测定的。在本实验和下列实验中这种标准化方法明显减少了内在的皮肤差异性并更易于对比制剂之间的相对通量。表II列出了由制剂1-3及参比制剂所得的NEA通量。标准化的通量比在图1中绘出。
从图1中的数据可以看出,药物含量增加4倍将使通量成正比地提高4倍。因此,标准化的体外NEA通量将表现为线性关系及Fickian(菲克扩散作用)取决于基质内介于1.5-6%w/w范围内的药物浓度,所述基质是由含NVP的TSR丙烯酸共聚物胶粘剂制成的。
表I
待评估制剂的组成
制剂ID | TSR胶粘剂 | NEA | E2 | ARLACEL80 |
%w/w | %w/w | %w/w | %w/w | |
待测制剂 | ||||
1.Lot#040695-1 | 88.5 | 1.5 | 0.0 | 10.0 |
2.Lot#040695-2 | 87.0 | 3.0 | 0.0 | 10.0 |
3.Lot#040695-3 | 84.0 | 6.0 | 0.0 | 10.0 |
参比制剂 | ||||
4.参比#95Z007NEA参比制剂 | 77.8 | 6.0 | 6.2 | 10.0 |
表II
96小时内的累积NEA渗透作用(Q96-μg/cm2/96hr)
制剂ID | 皮肤/池的# | Q96* | 比例+ |
待测制剂 | |||
1.Lot#040695-1 | 6/24 | 8.4±2.5 | 0.27±0.06 |
2.Lot#040695-2 | 6/24 | 17.3±3.8 | 0.55±0.10 |
3.Lot#040695-3 | 6/24 | 32.9±8.9 | 1.00±0.08 |
*Q96-96小时内从待测制剂中渗透出的累积量
+在各皮肤基础上相对于参比制剂标准化的皮肤通量。参比值=32.0±7.9。
(B)单含雌二醇(E2)的基质:
除用E2代替NEA作为药物外,含雌二醇(E2,Berlichem,Wayne,New Jersey)的基质叠层是按照上述实施例1(A)的方法制备。将所需量的E2预溶解在异丙醇(IPA)中并加至浇铸液中,得到下表III所列的不同组合物(制剂5-7)。
表III
待评估制剂的组成
制剂ID | TSR胶粘剂 | NEA | E2 | ARLACEL80 |
%w/w | %w/w | %w/w | %w/w | |
待测制剂 | ||||
5.Lot#040695-4 | 87.0 | 0.0 | 3.0 | 10.0 |
6.Lot#040695-8 | 83.8 | 0.0 | 6.2 | 10.0 |
7.Lot#040695-12 | 81.0 | 0.0 | 9.0 | 10.0 |
参比制剂 | ||||
8.参比#94Z003E2参比制剂 | 93.5* | 0.0 | 1.5 | 5.0 |
*用DUROTAK 87-2070胶粘剂(国家淀粉及化学品公司,Bridgewater,NJ)制成的制剂。
对上述制剂以及E2参比制剂(制剂8)进行体外皮肤通量的评估。三种待测制剂以及参比制剂在相同皮肤上的体外皮肤通量列于下表IV中。图2绘出标准化的通量比例。
从图2所列数据可以看出,药物含量增加3倍将使通量成正比地增加3倍。因此,标准化的体外E2通量表现为线型关系及Fickian(菲克扩散)取决于基质内介于3-9%w/w范围内的药物浓度,所述基质是由含NVP的TSR丙烯酸共聚物胶粘剂组成。
表IV
96小时内E2的累积渗透作用(Q96-μg/cm2/96hr)
制剂ID | 皮肤/池的# | Q96* | 比例+ |
待测制剂 | |||
5.Lot#040695-4 | 6/24 | 6.1±1.7 | 0.29±0.06 |
6.Lot#040695-8 | 6/24 | 13.4±4.0 | 0.64±0.08 |
7.Lot#040695-12 | 6/24 | 20.9±5.6 | 1.0±0.16 |
*Q96-96小时内从待测制剂中渗透出的累积量
+在各皮肤基础上相对于参比制剂标准化的皮肤通量。参比值=20.6±4.4。
(C)NEA/E2的共流基质:
按照实施例1(A)的方法制备同时含有E2和ENA的基质叠层。将所需量的E2预溶于异丙醇(IPA)中并将其加至含NEA和脱水山梨醇单油酸酯的浇铸液内,从而得到下表V所示的不同组合物(制剂9-17)。
分别按照上述实施例1(A)和1(B)的方法对这些制剂以及NEA参比制剂和E2参比制剂(分别为制剂4和8)进行体外皮肤通量评估。这些待测制剂以及参比制剂在相同皮肤上的体外皮肤通量列于表VI中。图3和4分别绘出标准化的NEA通量比例和E2通量比例。
表V
待评估制剂的组成
制剂ID | TSR胶粘剂 | NEA | E2 | ARLACEL80 |
%w/w | %w/w | %w/w | %w/w | |
待测制剂 | ||||
9.Lot#040695-5 | 85.5 | 1.5 | 3.0 | 10.0 |
10.Lot#040695-6 | 84.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 10.0 |
11.Lot#040695-7 | 81.0 | 6.0 | 3.0 | 10.0 |
12.Lot#040695-9 | 82.3 | 1.5 | 6.2 | 10.0 |
13.Lot#040695-10 | 80.8 | 3.0 | 6.2 | 10.0 |
14.Lot#040695-11 | 77.8 | 6.0 | 6.2 | 10.0 |
15.Lot#040695-12 | 79.5 | 1.5 | 9.0 | 10.0 |
16.Lot#040695-14 | 78.0 | 3.0 | 9.0 | 10.0 |
17.Lot#040695-15 | 75.0 | 6.0 | 9.0 | 10.0 |
参比制剂 | ||||
4.参比#95Z007NEA参比制剂 | 77.8 | 6.0 | 6.2 | 10.0 |
8.参比#94Z003E2参比制剂 | 93.5* | 0.0 | 1.5 | 5.0 |
*用DUROTAK 87-2070胶粘剂(国家淀粉及化学品公司,Bridgewater,NJ)制成的制剂。
从图3中的数据可以看出,当NEA含量增加4倍时,NEA通量将随之成正比地提高4倍。同样,E2含量增加3倍也使E2通量成正比地提高3倍(图4)。因此,标准化的体外NEA和E2通量表现为线性关系及Fickian(菲克扩散)在药物试验用量(0-6%的NEA含量和0-9%的E2含量)的范围内取决于基质内彼此共存的药物的浓度,所述基质是由含TSR的丙烯酸共聚物胶粘剂组成。
表VI
NEA和E2在96小时内的累积渗透作用(Q96-μg/cm2/96hr)
制剂ID | 皮肤/扩散池的# | NEA数据 | E2数据 | ||||
Q96* | Q96(参比)x | 比例 | Q96* | Q96(参比)x | 比例 | ||
9.Lot#040695-5 | 7/28 | 7.7±3.6 | 25.7±11.0 | 0.29±0.02 | 5.4±2.4 | 18.7±6.8 | 0.28±0.03 |
10.Lot#040695-6 | 7/28 | 15.4±6.3 | 25.7±11.0 | 0.6±0.08 | 5.7±2.3 | 18.7±6.8 | 0.30±0.02 |
11.Lot#040695-7 | 7/28 | 27.6±11.0 | 25.7±11.0 | 1.1±0.09 | 5.4±2.5 | 18.7±6.8 | 0.28±0.04 |
12.Lot#040695-9 | 5/20 | 7.0±1.9 | 27.8±7.7 | 0.25±0.03 | 10.1±2.7 | 15.8±5.5 | 0.65±0.10 |
13.Lot#040695-10 | 5/20 | 14.2±4.2 | 27.8±7.7 | 0.51±0.05 | 10.4±3.5 | 15.8±5.5 | 0.66±0.03 |
14.Lot#040695-11 | 5/20 | 27.8±7.7 | 27.8±7.7 | 1.0±0.0 | 10.2±3.0 | 15.8±5.5 | 0.66±0.06 |
15.Lot#040695-13 | 6/24 | 8.9±2.6 | 37.4±22.3 | 0.28±0.10 | 20.3±7.5 | 24.7±16.3 | 0.97±0.30 |
16.Lot#040695-14 | 6/24 | 18.3±8.7 | 37.4±22.3 | 0.53±0.12 | 23.0±13.5 | 24.7±16.3 | 0.99±0.17 |
17.Lot#040695-15 | 6/24 | 32.4±18.0 | 37.4±22.3 | 0.90±0.12 | 21.3±13.2 | 24.7±16.3 | 0.89±0.17 |
*Q96-96小时内从待测制剂中渗透出的累积量
xQ96(参比)-96小时内参比制剂在与待测制剂相同的皮肤上的渗透累积量。
+在各皮肤基础上相对于参比制剂标准化的皮肤通量。
利用学生-t检验,将三条线性回归的直线(E2存在下的NEA通量的标准化数据,图3)的各斜率与不含E2的NEA制剂的回归直线的斜率进行统计学意义的比较。结果表明,相对于不含E2的NEA制剂的回归直线的斜率而言,三条线性回归直线(含E2的NEA制剂)的各斜率之间皆无统计学的显著性差异(p>0.10)。这证明,基质中共存的E2并不对体系内的NEA通量产生影响,所述体系是由含NVP的TSR丙烯酸共聚物胶粘剂制成。
利用学生-t检验,将三条线性回归直线(NEA存在下的E2通量的标准化数据,图4)的各斜率与不含NEA的E2制剂的回归直线的斜率进行统计学对比。结果表明,相对于不含NEA的E2制剂的回归直线的斜率而言,三条线性回归直线(含NEA的E2制剂)的各斜率之间都无统计学意义的显著性差异(p>0.10)。这证明,基质中共存的NEA并不对体系内的E2通量产生影响,所述体系是由含NVP的TSR丙烯酸共聚物胶粘剂制成。
上述数据清楚地表明,在所测药物含量范围(NEA含量0-6%,E2含量0-9%)在用含NVP的丙烯酸共聚物胶粘剂、TSR制备的体系中,各类固醇的通量仅取决于其自身浓度并且不对另外的类固醇产生影响。
实施例2
(A)仅含有NEA的基质:
按照实施例1(A)的方法但用DUROTAK 87-2516(含有EHA、乙酸乙烯酯和丙烯酸羟乙基酯的丙烯酸共聚物胶粘剂,国家淀粉和化学品公司,Bridgewater,NJ)作为胶粘剂来制备单含NEA的基质。这种胶粘剂不含有N-乙烯-2-吡咯烷酮。将所需量的NEA和脱水山梨醇单油酸酯溶于胶粘剂溶液中,得到如下表VII所示的多种组合物成品(制剂1-4)。
表VII
待评估制剂的组成
制剂ID | DUROTAK87-2516胶粘剂 | NEA | E2 | ARLACEL80 |
%w/w | %w/w | %w/w | %w/w | |
待测制剂 | ||||
1.Lot#013096-1 | 88.0 | 2.0 | 0.0 | 10.0 |
2.Lot#013096-2 | 86.0 | 4.0 | 0.0 | 10.0 |
3.Lot#013096-3 | 84.0 | 6.0 | 0.0 | 10.0 |
4.Lot#013096-4 | 82.0 | 8.0 | 0.0 | 10.0 |
参比制剂 | ||||
5.参比#95Z098NEA/E2参比制剂 | 77.6 | 6.0 | 6.4 | 10.0 |
*TSR胶粘剂,Sekisui化学品公司,Osaka日本。
对这些制剂以及参比制剂(制剂5)进行体外皮肤通量评估。上述三种待测制剂以及参比制剂在相同皮肤上的体外皮肤通量列于下表VIII中。图5绘出标准化的通量比例。
从图5数据可以看出,当药物含量增加4倍时其通量将成正比地提高4倍。因此,标准化的体外NEA通量表现出线性关系及Fickian(菲克扩散)取决于基质内介于2-8%w/w范围内的药物浓度,所述基质由DUROTAK 87-2516胶粘剂制成。
表VIII
24小时内NEA的累积渗透作用(Q24-μg/cm2/24hr)
制剂ID | 皮肤/扩散池的# | Q24* | 比例+ |
待测制剂 | |||
1.Lot#013096-1 | 3/12 | 1.8±0.7 | 0.5±0.2 |
2.Lot#013096-2 | 3/12 | 3.5±1.1 | 0.9±0.3 |
3.Lot#013096-3 | 3/12 | 5.4±0.7 | 1.4±0.4 |
4.Lot#013096-4 | 3/12 | 8.6±4.7 | 2.3±1.8 |
*Q24-24小时内从待测制剂中渗透出的累积量
+在各皮肤基础上相对于参比制剂标准化的皮肤通量。参比值=4.1±1.3。
(B)单含E2的基质:
除用E2代替NEA作为药物以及用DUROTAK 87-2516代替TSR作为胶粘剂外,按照上述实施例1(A)的方法制备含雌二醇E2的基质叠层。将所需量的E2预溶解在IPA中并加至浇铸液中,得到下表IX所列的不同组合物(制剂6-8)。
表IX
待评估制剂的组成
制剂ID | DUROTAK87-2516胶粘剂 | NEA | E2 | ARLACEL80 |
%w/w | %w/w | %w/w | %w/w | |
待测制剂 | ||||
6.Lot#013096-5 | 89.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 10.0 |
7.Lot#013096-10 | 88.0 | 0.0 | 2.0 | 10.0 |
8.Lot#013096-15 | 86.0 | 0.0 | 4.0 | 10.0 |
参比制剂 | ||||
4.参比#95Z098NEA/E2参比制剂 | 77.6* | 6.0 | 6.4 | 10.0 |
*TSR胶粘剂,Sekisui化学品公司,Osaka,日本。
对上述制剂以及E2参比制剂(制剂5)进行体外皮肤通量评估。三种待测制剂以及参比制剂在相同皮肤上的体外皮肤通量列于下表X中。图6绘出标准化的通量比例。
从图6所列数据可以看出,标准化的体外E2通量随基质内所含的介于1-4%w/w之间的药物浓度而呈线性增加,所述基质是由DUROTAK87-2516胶粘剂制成。
表X
24小时内E2的累积渗透作用(Q24-μg/cm2/24hr)
制剂ID | 皮肤/扩散池的# | Q24* | 比例+ |
待测制剂 | |||
6.Lot#013096-5 | 3/12 | 3.5±1.1 | 1.4±0.5 |
7.Lot#013096-10 | 3/12 | 6.2±1.1 | 2.4±0.3 |
8.Lot#013096-15 | 3/12 | 9.0±3.0 | 3.5±1.0 |
*Q24-24小时内从待测制剂中渗透出的累积量
+在各皮肤基础上相对于参比制剂标准化的皮肤通量。参比值=2.5±0.6。
(C)NEA/E2的共流基质:
按照实施例1(A)的方法但用DUROTAK 87-2516代替TSP作为胶粘剂来制备同时含有E2和NEA的基质叠层。将所需量的E2预溶于IPA中并将其加至含NEA和脱水山梨醇单油酸酯的浇铸液内,从而得到下表XI所示的不同组合物(制剂9-20)。
表XI
待评估制剂的组成
制剂ID | DUROTAK87-2516胶粘剂 | NEA | E2 | ARLACEL80 |
%w/w | %w/w | %w/w | %w/w | |
待测制剂 | ||||
9.Lot#013096-6 | 87.0 | 2.0 | 1.0 | 10.0 |
10.Lot#013096-7 | 85.0 | 4.0 | 1.0 | 10.0 |
11.Lot#013096-8 | 83.0 | 6.0 | 1.0 | 10.0 |
12.Lot#013096-9 | 81.0 | 8.0 | 1.0 | 10.0 |
13.Lot#013096-11 | 86.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 10.0 |
14.Lot#013096-12 | 84.0 | 4.0 | 2.0 | 10.0 |
15.Lot#013096-13 | 82.0 | 6.0 | 2.0 | 10.0 |
16.Lot#013096-14 | 80.0 | 8.0 | 2.0 | 10.0 |
17.Lot#013096-16 | 84.0 | 2.0 | 4.0 | 10.0 |
18.Lot#013096-17 | 82.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 10.0 |
19.Lot#013096-18 | 80.0 | 6.0 | 4.0 | 10.0 |
20.Lot#013096-19 | 78.0 | 8.0 | 4.0 | 10.0 |
参比制剂 | ||||
5.参比#95Z098NEA/E2参比制剂 | 77.6* | 6.0 | 6.4 | 10.0 |
*TSR胶粘剂,Sekisui化学品公司,Osaka,日本。
分别按照上述实施例3(A)和3(B)的方法对这些制剂以及参比制剂(为制剂5)进行体外皮肤通量评估。这些待测制剂以及参比制剂在相同皮肤上的体外皮肤通量列于表XII中。图7和8分别绘出标准化的NEA通量比例和E2通量比例。
从图7可以看出,当NEA含量增加4倍时,NEA通量并未随之成正比地提高4倍。同样,E2含量增加4倍也并未使E2通量成正比地提高4倍(图8)。因此,标准化的体外NEA和E2通量未表现出线性关系及Fickian(菲克扩散)在药物试验量(0-8%的NEA含量和0-4%的E2含量)的范围内依赖于基质内彼此共存的药物的浓度,所述基质是由DUROTAK 87-2516胶粘剂制成。
表XII
NEA和E2在24小时内的累积渗透作用(Q24-μg/cm2/24hr)
制剂ID | 皮肤/扩散池的# | NEA数据 | E2数据 | ||||
Q24* | Q24(参比)x | 比例 | Q24* | Q24(参比)x | 比例+ | ||
待测制剂 | |||||||
9.Lot#013096-6 | 3/12 | 4.6±1.3 | 7.6±2.2 | 0.6±0.1 | 5.3±1.5 | 3.3±1.0 | 1.6±0.3 |
10.Lot#013096-7 | 3/12 | 9.4±2.1 | 7.6±2.2 | 1.2±0.2 | 5.3±1.2 | 3.3±1.0 | 1.6±0.2 |
11.Lot#013096-8 | 3/12 | 13.8±4.8 | 7.6±2.2 | 1.8±0.5 | 5.1±1.7 | 3.3±1.0 | 1.5±0.3 |
12.Lot#013096-9 | 3/12 | 17.5±5.6 | 7.6±2.2 | 2.3±0.6 | 5.1±1.7 | 3.3±1.0 | 1.5±0.3 |
13.Lot#013096-11 | 3/12 | 2.5±0.5 | 6.1±2.6 | 0.4±0.1 | 5.9±1.3 | 2.8±1.2 | 2.2±0.6 |
14.Lot#013096-12 | 3/12 | 4.8±1.2 | 6.1±2.6 | 0.8±0.3 | 5.3±1.4 | 2.8±1.2 | 2.0±0.7 |
15.Lot#013096-13 | 3/12 | 7.7±1.8 | 6.1±2.6 | 1.4±0.5 | 5.5±1.3 | 2.8±1.2 | 2.1±0.8 |
16.Lot#013096-14 | 3/12 | 7.8±2.7 | 6.1±2.6 | 1.3±0.6 | 4.2±1.6 | 2.8±1.2 | 1.6±0.8 |
17.Lot#013096-16 | 3/12 | 2.8±0.7 | 8.1±2.4 | 0.4±0.04 | 12.8±2.7 | 3.2±0.8 | 4.0±0.4 |
18.Lot#013096-17 | 3/12 | 5.6±1.5 | 8.1±2.4 | 0.7±0.2 | 11.8±3.0 | 3.2±0.8 | 3.8±1.2 |
19.Lot#013096-18 | 3/12 | 7.4±1.5 | 8.1±2.4 | 0.9±0.2 | 9.6±1.9 | 3.2±0.8 | 3.1±0.6 |
20.Lot#013096-19 | 3/12 | 8.2±2.2 | 8.1±2.4 | 1.1±0.2 | 6.9±1.4 | 3.2±0.8 | 2.2±0.4 |
*Q24-24小时内待测制剂中渗透出的累积量
xQ24(参比)-24小时内参比制剂在与待测制剂相同的皮肤上的渗透累积量。
+在各皮肤基础上相对于参比制剂标准化的皮肤通量。
上述数据清楚地表明,体外E2和NEA的通量会由于彼此的存在而受到影响,这并不符合菲克(Fickian)扩散定律,同时它们与基质叠层内类固醇的浓度在类固醇试验浓度的范围内(0-8%的NEA含量和0-4%的E2含量)并不成正比,所述基质叠层是由DUROTAK 87-2516胶粘剂组成。两种类固醇在彼此存在的条件下其通量互不依赖,以及作为基质所含类固醇的一个函数,成比例的皮肤通量显然是含NVP丙烯酸共聚物胶粘剂所特有的。
实施例3
(A)单含睾丸素(TS)的基质:
除了用TS代替NEA作为类固醇物质外,按照实施例1(A)的方法制备单独含睾丸素(TS,Upiohn Company,Kalamazoo,MI)的基质。将所需量的TS预溶于IPA中并加至浇铸液中,制成如下表XIII所示的多种组合物(制剂1-3)。
表XIII
待评估制剂的组成
制剂ID | TSR胶粘剂 | TS | E2 | ARLACEL80 |
%w/w | %w/w | %w/w | %w/w | |
待测制剂 | ||||
1.Lot#012496-1 | 87.5 | 2.5 | 0.0 | 10.0 |
2.Lot#012496-2 | 86.25 | 3.75 | 0.0 | 10.0 |
3.Lot#012496-3 | 85.0 | 5.0 | 0.0 | 10.0 |
参比制剂 | ||||
4.参比#95Z082TSR参比制剂 | 75.75 | 3.75 | 10.5 | 10.0 |
用含TS的制剂作为参比物(制剂4)对上述制剂作体外皮肤通量评估。上述三种待测制剂以及参比制剂在相同皮肤上的体外皮肤通量列于表XIV中。图9中绘出标准化的通量比例。
从图9数据可以看出,当药物含量增加2倍时其通量将成正比地提高2倍。因此,标准化的体外TSA通量表现出线性关系及Fickian(菲克扩散)取决于基质内介于2.5-5%范围内的类固醇浓度,所述基质由TSR胶粘剂制成。
表XIV
24小时内的累积TS渗透作用(Q24-μg/cm2/24hr)
制剂ID | 皮肤/扩散池的# | Q24* | 比例+ |
待测制剂 | |||
1.Lot#012496-1 | 3/12 | 15.6±6.6 | 0.63±0.09 |
2.Lot#012496-2 | 3/12 | 25.7±13.4 | 1.01±0.20 |
3.Lot#012496-3 | 3/12 | 31.8±15.3 | 1.28±0.29 |
*Q24-24小时内从待测制剂中渗透出的累积量
+在各皮肤基础上相对于参比制剂标准化的皮肤通量。参比值=25.8±10.5。
(B)单含E2的基质:
除用E2代替NEA作为药物外,按照上述实施例1(A)的方法制备含雌二醇的基质叠层。将所需量的E2预溶解在IPA中并加至浇铸液中,得到下表XV所列的不同组合物(制剂5-7)。
对上述制剂以及E2参比制剂(制剂8)进行体外皮肤通量评估。三种待测制剂以及参比制剂在相同皮肤上的体外皮肤通量列于下表XVI中。图10绘出标准化的通量比例。
从图10所列数据可以看出,类固醇浓度增加3.5倍将使通量成正比地提高3.5倍。因此,标准化的体外E2通量表现为线性关系及Fickian取决于基质内所含的介于3-10.5%w/w之间的药物浓度,所述基质是由TSR胶粘剂制成。
表XV
待评估制剂的组成
制剂ID | TSR胶粘剂 | TS | E2 | ARLACEL80 |
%w/w | %w/w | %w/w | %w/w | |
待测制剂 | ||||
5.Lot#012496-4 | 87.0 | 0.0 | 3.0 | 10.0 |
6.Lot#012496-8 | 84.0 | 0.0 | 6.0 | 10.0 |
7.Lot#012496-12 | 79.5 | 0.0 | 10.5 | 10.0 |
参比制剂 | ||||
8.参比#95Z135E2参比制剂 | 93.5* | 0.0 | 1.5 | 5.0 |
*用DUROTAK 87-2070胶粘剂(国家淀粉及化学品公司,Bridgewater,NJ)制成的制剂。
表XVI
24小时内的累积E2渗透作用(Q24-μg/cm2/24hr)
制剂ID | 皮肤/扩散池的# | Q24* | 比例+ |
待测制剂 | |||
5.Lot#012496-4 | 3/12 | 2.6±0.7 | 0.28±0.06 |
6.Lot#012496-8 | 3/12 | 5.4±0.9 | 0.60±0.14 |
7.Lot#012496-12 | 3/12 | 9.3±1.6 | 1.02±0.18 |
*Q24-24小时内从待测制剂中渗透出的累积量
+在各皮肤基础上相对于参比制剂标准化的皮肤通量。参比值=11.3±2.0。
(C)TS/E2的共流基质:
按照实施例1(A)的方法制备同时含有E2和TS的基质叠层。将所需量的E2和TS预溶于异丙醇(IPA)中并将其加至含脱水山梨醇单油酸酯的浇铸液内,从而得到下表XVII所示的不同组合物(制剂9-17)。
表XVII
待评估制剂的组成
制剂ID | TSR胶粘剂 | TS | E2 | ARLACEL80 |
%w/w | %w/w | %w/w | %w/w | |
待测制剂 | ||||
9.Lot#012496-5 | 84.5 | 2.5 | 3.0 | 10.0 |
10.Lot#012496-6 | 83.25 | 3.75 | 3.0 | 10.0 |
11.Lot#012496-7 | 82.0 | 5.0 | 3.0 | 10.0 |
12.Lot#012496-9 | 81.5 | 2.5 | 6.0 | 10.0 |
13.Lot#012496-10 | 80.25 | 3.75 | 6.0 | 10.0 |
14.Lot#012496-11 | 79.0 | 5.0 | 6.0 | 10.0 |
15.Lot#012496-13 | 77.0 | 2.5 | 10.5 | 10.0 |
16.Lot#012496-14 | 75.75 | 3.75 | 10.5 | 10.0 |
17.Lot#012496-15 | 74.5 | 5.0 | 10.5 | 10.0 |
参比制剂 | ||||
4.参比#95Z082TE参比制剂 | 75.75 | 3.75 | 10.5 | 10.0 |
8.参比#95Z135E2参比制剂 | 93.5* | 0.0 | 1.5 | 5.0 |
*用DUROTAK 87-2070胶粘剂(国家淀粉及化学品公司,Bridgewater,NJ)制成的制剂。
分别按照上述实施例2(A)和2(B)的方法对这些制剂以及TS和E2参比制剂(分别为制剂4和制剂5)进行体外皮肤通量评估。这些待测制剂以及参比制剂在相同皮肤上的体外皮肤通量列于表XVIII中。图11和12分别绘出标准化的TS通量比例和E2通量比例。
从图11中的数据可以看出,当TS含量增加2倍时,其通量将随之成正比地提高2倍。同样,E2浓度增加3.5倍也使E2通量成正比地提高3.5倍(图12)。因此,标准化的体外TS和E2通量表现出线性关系及Fickian(菲克扩散)在类固醇试验用量(0-5%的TS含量和0-10.5%的E2含量)的范围内将取决于彼此共存于其中的基质内类固醇的浓度,所述基质是由含NVP的TSR丙烯酸共聚物胶粘剂制成。
利用学生-t检验,将三条线性回归的直线(E2存在下TS通量的标准化数据,图11)的各斜率与不含E2的TS制剂的回归直线的斜率进行统计学意义的比较。结果表明,相对于不含E2的TS制剂的回归直线的斜率而言,三条线性回归直线(含E2的TS制剂)的各斜率之间皆无统计学显著性差异(p>0.10)。这证明,基质中共存的E2并不对体系内的TS通量产生影响,所述体系是由含NVP的TSR丙烯酸共聚物胶粘剂组成。
利用学生-t检验,将三条线性回归直线(TS存在下的E2通量的标准化数据,图12)的各斜率与不含TS的E2制剂的回归直线的斜率进行统计学意义的比较。结果表明,相对于不含TS的E2制剂的回归直线的斜率而言,三条线性回归直线(含TS的E2制剂)的各斜率之间皆无统计学的显著性差异(p>0.10)。这证明,基质中共存的TS并不对体系内的E2通量产生影响,所述体系是由含NVP的TSR丙烯酸共聚物胶粘剂制成。
上述数据清楚的表明,在超过类固醇试验浓度的范围(0-5%的TS含量及0-10.5%的E2含量),E2和TS的体外通量彼此独立并且符合菲克扩散定律,同时与基质叠层内的类固醇浓度成正比,所示基质叠层由含NVP的丙烯酸共聚物胶粘剂制成。两种类固醇在彼此存在的条件下其通量互不依赖,并且作为基质内类固醇浓度的一个函数,成比例的体外皮肤通量再次显示出NVP丙烯酸共聚物胶粘剂所特有的。
表XVIII
TS和E2在24小时内的累积渗透作用(Q24-μg/cm2/24hr)
制剂ID | 皮肤/扩散池的# | TS数据 | E2数据 | ||||
Q24* | Q24(参比)x | 比例 | Q24* | Q24(参比)x | 比例 | ||
待测制剂 | |||||||
9.Lot#012496-5 | 3/12 | 14.2±6.1 | 23.0±9.3 | 0.60±0.1 | 1.4±0.5 | 5.2±1.8 | 0.27±0.04 |
10.Lot#012496-6 | 3/12 | 24.2±9.0 | 23.0±9.3 | 1.06±0.2 | 1.5±0.5 | 5.2±1.8 | 0.29±0.06 |
11.Lot#012496-7 | 3/12 | 28.1±9.5 | 23.0±9.3 | 1.24±0.2 | 1.4±0.4 | 5.2±1.8 | 0.26±0.04 |
12.Lot#012496-9 | 3/10 | 13.2±2.9 | 23.2±8.4 | 0.58±0.2 | 2.6±0.5 | 4.7±1.6 | 0.57±0.14 |
13.Lot#012496-10 | 3/10 | 18.2±4.5 | 23.2±8.4 | 0.81±0.3 | 2.4±0.6 | 4.7±1.6 | 0.54±0.20 |
14.Lot#012496-11 | 3/11 | 26.3±7.9 | 23.2±8.4 | 1.13±0.2 | 2.7±0.7 | 4.7±1.6 | 0.58±0.12 |
15.Lot#012496-13 | 3/12 | 14.4±7.8 | 22.5±10.0 | 0.61±0.1 | 6.2±3.2 | 5.9±2.4 | 0.99±0.19 |
16.Lot#012496-14 | 3/12 | 21.4±10.9 | 22.5±10.0 | 0.93±0.1 | 6.2±3.1 | 5.9±2.4 | 0.99±0.15 |
17.Lot#012496-15 | 3/12 | 26.6±10.6 | 22.5±10.0 | 1.20±0.3 | 6.0±2.2 | 5.9±2.4 | 1.0±0.28 |
*Q24-24小时内从待测制剂中渗透出的累积量
xQ24(参比)-24小时内参比制剂在与待测制剂相同的皮肤上的渗透累积量。
+在各皮肤基础上相对于参比制剂标准化的皮肤通量。
Claims (10)
1.用于雌二醇及另一种类固醇给药的透皮贴剂,该贴剂包括:
a)背层;和
b)基质层,该基质层包括:
(i)含N-乙烯基-2-吡咯烷酮的丙烯酸共聚物压敏胶粘剂;
(ii)雌二醇;和
(iii)另一种类固醇物质,其中,所述的另一种类固醇物质从基质层释放出的通量不依赖于基质层内的雌二醇浓度,同时雌二醇从基质层内释出的通量也不取决于基质层内其它类固醇物质的浓度。
2.根据权利要求1的透皮贴剂,其中丙烯酸压敏胶粘剂为N-乙烯基-2-吡咯烷酮与2-丙烯酸2-乙基己酯的共聚物。
3.根据权利要求2的透皮贴剂,其中,丙烯酸2-乙基己酯构成共聚物的45-80摩尔%,并且N-乙烯基-2-吡咯烷酮构成共聚物的20-55摩尔%。
4.根据权利要求2的透皮贴剂,其中,丙烯酸2-乙基己酯构成共聚物的55-70摩尔%,并且N-乙烯基-2-吡咯烷酮构成共聚物的30-45摩尔%。
5.根据权利要求1的透皮贴剂,其中,雌二醇在基质层内的浓度约为1-20%重量,而其它类固醇的浓度约为1-20%重量。
6.根据权利要求1的透皮贴剂,其中,其它的类固醇为乙酸炔诺酮。
7.根据权利要求1的透皮贴剂,其中,其它的类固醇为睾丸素。
8.根据权利要求6的透皮贴剂,其中,雌二醇在基质层内的浓度为2-12%重量,而乙酸炔诺酮在基质层内的浓度为1-8%重量。
9.根据权利要求6的透皮贴剂,其中,雌二醇在基质层内的浓度为2-12%重量,而睾丸素在基质层内的浓度为1-8%重量。
10.一种向需治疗妇女提供激素替代疗法的方法,该方法包括给所述妇女的皮肤施用权利要求1所述的贴剂。
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