CN1625936A - Mcthod for rccovering and rebuilding vegetation of Chinese wildrye in soda saline land - Google Patents
Mcthod for rccovering and rebuilding vegetation of Chinese wildrye in soda saline land Download PDFInfo
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- CN1625936A CN1625936A CN 200410010867 CN200410010867A CN1625936A CN 1625936 A CN1625936 A CN 1625936A CN 200410010867 CN200410010867 CN 200410010867 CN 200410010867 A CN200410010867 A CN 200410010867A CN 1625936 A CN1625936 A CN 1625936A
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Abstract
A method for restoring and recultivating the vegetation of Aneurolepidium Chinese on the soda-type saline-alkaline land includes choosing the seedlings of Aneurolepidium chinese, plough by 5-15 cm in depth, flood irrigation, leveling, making ridges or beds, transplanting by a certain density, and irrigation.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of plant growing technology, relate to the planting technology of herbage, specifically a kind of method of soda alkaline land sheep's hay vegetation restoration and reconstruction.
Background technology
Sheep's hay belongs to rhizome type perennial grass, is the king of gramineous forage grass.It is distributed widely in the east in Eurasia steppe district, mainly is distributed in northeast and east Inner Mongolia area within Chinese territory.Sheep's hay should be distinguished the dominant population on grassland as China, and it is of high nutritive value, wide adaptability, strong stress resistance, has the holding property of ecology of cold-resistant, drought-enduring and salt tolerant alkali, is the good forage of sand prevention solodization.Sheep's hay also is the strong industry of China, and the sheep's hay haymarket has a high potential both at home and abroad, and also supply falls short of demand in seed market.Yet sheep's hay sexual propagation ability is low under nature, and seed production is few, and maturity is inconsistent, dormancy is strong, and germination rate is low, often meets bad conditions such as arid, low temperature, soil compaction seedling stage in addition, cause germinateing slowly, survival rate of seedlings is low etc., produces to sheep's hay and brings serious adverse effect.A large amount of ways of gathering wild Leymus chinensis seeds cost height not only in producing at present, benefit is low, and can not satisfy the demand.This is that key issue anxious to be solved in the breeding is bred, improves and cultivated to the sheep's hay large tracts of land.If these problems can not get rapid solution, will have a strong impact on the improvement of Chinese development of man-made grasslands and natural meadow and administer paces.
In view of the wilderness demand of domestic and international market to sheep's hay (hay and seed), dropped into a large amount of human and material resources, financial resources and research effort and be devoted to the repopulate work on artificial sheep's hay grassland construction and natural degeneration sheep's hay meadow, to guarantee the healthy and rapid development of livestock breeding.The traditional cultivation method that the summary sheep's hay was followed for many years in the past finds that in the actual production, the sheep's hay artificial cultivation is in the sexual propagation mode, promptly plants by the mode of seed sowing.This direct sowing culture mode generally will be through several critical stages such as collecting seed, germinate, sow, emerge.But since perennial sheep's hay in the self-sow environment based on vegetative propagation, sexual propagation is auxilliary, has many technical problems such as the percentage of earbearing tiller is low, does not obviously break through for many years, seriously influences the enlarged reproduction scale of sheep's hay.Existing sheep's hay direct sowing culture mainly exists following technical problem not solved at present at all.
1, heading rate is low: be about 7.9%.
2, ripening rate is low: ripening rate is about 25% under the natural conditions, and natural sheep's hay meadow ripening rate is up to 41.9%, and minimum is 7.8%.
3, percentage of seedgermination is low: between 10%-20%.
4, seed production is low: be generally about 200 kilograms/hectare.
5, the seed dormancy phase is long: be generally 4 years, and treated that the percentage of seedgermination of 5-6 was the highest.
6, germinate slowly: under suitable water temperature condition, be generally 15-20 days.
At the biological property of above sheep's hay with all technical barriers that run in producing, people placed hope in the past always and how to improve Leymus chinensis seeds output and improve in the percentage of seedgermination research, as seed production by improving Leymus chinensis population structure and ecotope and improving Leymus chinensis population by measures such as irrigation and fertilisings, research is broken Leymus chinensis seeds resting stage with several different methods, improves the germination of guineagrass seed rate.Though obtained certain progress through the each side years of researches, the production of seed and germination problem still do not obtain basic solution.Key issue is to lack the culture technique of innovation, ignored sheep's hay in the self-sow environment based on vegetative propagation, sexual propagation is the biological property of assisting and the genetic development of sheep's hay.
The western salinization of soil land area in Northeast China has 3,420,000 hm
2, account for 20% of soil, this area gross area.This saline-alkali soil is different from marine solonchak, and its main feature is the carbonate content height, and pH is many more than 8.5.China's song-Nen plain is one of world's soda salinized soil three sheets, and the salinization of soil land area is up to 23925.8 square kilometres, and it 60% is distributed in western part, Jilin Province.The Daan City is positioned at western song-Nen plain innerland, Jilin Province, 4879 square kilometres of whole city's land areas, and wherein 50.8% soil is endangered by salinization of soil.Salinization of soil land area in Daan City has reached 2476.8 square kilometres (wherein severe 40.7%, moderate 3.3%, slight 6.8%).Therefore, this ground turns to the master with heavy salinized, and ecotope is abominable, and the broken ring of original steppe vegetation is serious, and ecological safety faces serious threat, presses for to take practical method keypoint treatment, the fast original high-quality sheep's hay of quick-recovery vegetation.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve key technology difficult problems such as the percentage of earbearing tiller is low in the sheep's hay sexual propagation, ripening rate is low, germination rate is low, the powerful asexual multiplication ability characteristic of utilizing sheep's hay to have, the practical cultivation method and the correlation technique that replace traditional artificial Leymus chinensis population of direct-seeding large tracts of land planting in the asexual transplantation of seedlings mode of sheep's hay, purpose provides a kind of method of soda alkaline land sheep's hay vegetation restoration and reconstruction, for the artificial Fast Reconstruction of Chinese song-Nen plain soda alkaline land ecological recovery and sheep's hay group provides approaches and methods.
The present invention includes the selection seedling, whole ground, rice transplanting is transplanted, and turn green management and final-period management are collected seed and five processes of results.
1, selects seedling
In order to overcome the defective that sheep's hay sexual propagation exists, the present invention utilizes wild sheep's hay ground or artificial sheep's hay ground to turn green seedling as rice shoot ground according to the powerful asexual multiplication ability characteristic that sheep's hay has in a large number.The sheep's hay seedling of selection height of seedling 5-20cm or sheep's hay rhizome tillered nursery plant are as transplanting seedling.For ease of getting seedling, before turning green, sheep's hay can adopt the method for burning rice shoot ground to carry out deinsectization, sterilization.Treat to get seedling after young crops grows the 5-20cm height.Get rice shoot ground behind the seedling because the subterranean stem of residual many prosperities is still irritated a water and can recover original vegetation in 1-2, prepare against and get seedling usefulness next time.
2, wholely
Select the saline-alkali wasteland of pH8-10.5, rake with agricultural tillage machine tools such as disk harrow or rotovators wholely, depth of soil preparation gets final product at 5-15cm.According to leveling situation, the topography of field face, divide suitable area imitation paddy field mode and play the ridge then, flatten behind the soaked field of pouring water, can plant the sheep's hay seedling in sedimentation 1-3 days.
3, rice transplanting is transplanted
Transplanting period is the sheep's hay season of growth of the annual 5-9 month.Transplanting optimum period is that height of seedling was the formative year of 5-20cm after spring, wild sheep's hay turned green.Can adopt ridging to transplant during transplanting, or the transplanting of furrow platform, or formula flat furrow in paddy field are transplanted multiple transplanting method.The sheep's hay seedling can be with soil or balled transplanting not, and balled transplanting is better than not balled transplanting.Balled transplanting is turned green early, fast growth.According to the purpose needs, transplant density and cuttage seeding number and can grasp flexibly.General cave distance is 10cm * 30cm, or multiple density such as 20cm * 30cm or 20cm * 40cm.Individual plant can be inserted in every cave when planting density was big, and general every cave is the 3-5 strain.
4, turn green and final-period management
Sheep's hay is transplanted back 1-3 week and adopts the furrow platform to transplant, or formula flat furrow in paddy field transplant and can keep the 1-3cm water layer, or utilizes sprinkling irrigation to wait other irrigation method to keep ground moistening.Adopt the ridging transplanting method to help being revival from transplanting.Sheep's hay was transplanted after 4 weeks, suitably kept the skin wet according to the upgrowth situation of rice shoot.Sheep's hay is drought-enduring, salt tolerant alkali, and transplanting is the planting type of relatively economizing on water, and does not need often to keep water layer when turning green, and keep the soil alternation of wetting and drying to get final product general early stage.Want in good time weeding between breeding time, grow up fast, promote tiller development in order to rice shoot.Turn green period because root is impaired big with the water evaporates amount, may occur the withered phenomena of mortality of sheep's hay seedling overground part sometimes, but, generally not influence normally and be revival from transplanting because the under ground portion great majority do not have death.Transplant and generally needn't apply fertilizer then, but want timely weeding, insect protected.Can irritate water when next year, turned green spring one time, help the rhizome growth of tillering.
5, seed collecting and results
Through turning green and the sheep's hay of final-period management can collect seed then, adopt grass, but output is not high after the transplanting.A little less than considering that 1 year plant root of transplanting, it is less to tiller, and therefore the characteristics of anti-trample do not transplant 1 year based on protection, do not advocate then and collect seed, adopt grass.Collect seed and results can be after transplanting be carried out later on the 2nd year.
The present invention is because the mode that has adopted the paddy field formula to transplant is therefore simple and easy to do, workable.Because sheep's hay is a perennial plant, rice shoot can directly be taken from natural world again, reduced the artificial breeding cost, save seedling raise period, therefore, the present invention utilizes low, the instant effect of cost, is the effective ways of the artificial planting fast of sheep's hay vegetation and the utilization of collecting seed, transplant and to see tangible ecological effect then, have broad application prospects and the significant social economic benefit.
Embodiment
Embodiment
Adopt the present invention to utilize wild sheep's hay seedling to carry out experiment and demonstration in accordance with the following methods in 2003, prove that effect of the present invention is remarkable at ecological experiment station, the Chinese Academy of Sciences big peace alkali ground (red mound township, Daan City, Chinese Jilin Province) soda saline-alkali wasteland.
The sheep's hay rhizome tillered nursery plant that adopts height of seedling 10-15cm is as transplanting seedlings.Selecting pH is 10.36 saline-alkali wastelands (tabula rasa alkaline spot plot), and soil physical and chemical property sees Table 1, rakes with disk harrow wholely.Imitation paddy field mode plays the ridge, the leveling of pouring water.The sheep's hay seedling is planted in sedimentation after 1 day.Planting density cave distance is 10cm * 30cm, and 20cm * 30cm dual mode.Every cave cuttage seeding number is five kinds of modes of 1-5 strain.Sheep's hay is transplanted and back 1-3 week keeps the 1-3cm water layer or keep ground moistening to be beneficial to turn green.Sheep's hay was transplanted after 4 weeks, suitably kept the skin wet according to the upgrowth situation of rice shoot, kept the soil alternation of wetting and drying.Weeding is 2 times between breeding time, grows up fast to promote rice shoot.Transplant and promptly received good effect then.
Table 1
| Inorganic ion content (mg/kg) | ||||||||||
| ??Ca 2+ | ????Mg 2+ | ??K + | ????Na + | ??Cl - | ??CO 3 2- | ???HCO 3 - | ??SO 4 2- | ????pH | ||
| ??1651. | ????77.40 | ??76.50 | ????2391.50 | ??869.7 | ??900.00 | ???8857.20 | ??12.07 | ????10.36 | ||
| Nutrition condition (mg/kg) | ||||||||||
| Full N | Full P | Full K (%) | Speed N | Speed P | Speed K | Organic (%) | Electrical conductivity EC (μ s/cm) | |||
| ??1131. | ????303.6 | ??1.412 | ??25.20 | ??25.00 | ??279.5 | ??0.472 | ????1447 | |||
Table 1 is for supplying examination soil inorganic ion content, saline and alkaline (pH, EC) and analysis on nutritional status.
As can be seen from the table for the Na in the examination soil
+, CO
3 2-, HCO
3 -Content, pH, EC have exceeded the limit that general plant can be restrained oneself.This soil exposes on the common ground, and general plant is difficult to germinate under the nature, even no exception than the Leymus chinensis seeds of salt tolerant alkali, therefore, it is difficult only depending on the nature restore vegetation, and the time that needs is also long.Yet adopt sheep's hay to become transplantation of seedlings but successfully to recover good sheep's hay vegetation, solved the problems referred to above preferably.
Use the present invention, on the soil of above-mentioned not long vegetation, recovered the sheep's hay vegetation.Experiment showed, that the present invention is applicable to other anti-saline and alkaline plant, as the alkali thatch, stinkgrass flower etc., therefore, one-tenth transplantation of seedlings method of the present invention has extensive use.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of method of soda alkaline land sheep's hay vegetation restoration and reconstruction is characterized in that comprising the selection seedling, whole ground, and rice transplanting is transplanted, and turn green management and final-period management are collected seed and five processes of results; The sheep's hay seedling of selection height of seedling 5-20cm or sheep's hay rhizome tillered nursery plant are as transplanting seedling; Select the saline-alkali wasteland of pH8-10.5, rake wholely, play the ridge with the agricultural tillage machine tool, the leveling degree of depth of pouring water can be planted the sheep's hay seedling in sedimentation 1-3 days at 5-15cm; Transplanting period is the sheep's hay season of growth of the annual 5-9 month, and height of seedling is 5-20cm, can adopt ridging to transplant during transplanting, or the transplanting of furrow platform, or the flat furrow transplanting method of paddy field formula, the cave distance is 10cm * 30cm, or multiple density such as 20cm * 30cm or 20cm * 40cm, seedling 1-5 strain can be inserted in every cave; The sheep's hay transplanting method can adopt the furrow platform to transplant, or the flat furrow transplanting method of paddy field formula, transplant the back and keep the 1-3cm water layer, or utilize sprinkling irrigation to wait other irrigation method to keep ground moistening, sheep's hay was transplanted after 4 weeks, suitably kept the skin wet according to the upgrowth situation of rice shoot, kept the soil alternation of wetting and drying early stage, want in good time weeding, insect protected between breeding time, irritated a water when next year, turned green spring; Transplant 1 year based on protection, do not advocate then and collect seed, adopt grass, collect seed and results can be after transplanting be carried out later on the 2nd year.
2, the method for soda alkaline land sheep's hay vegetation restoration and reconstruction according to claim 1, it is characterized in that turning green seedling directly as rice shoot ground with wild sheep's hay ground or artificial sheep's hay ground, the sheep's hay preceding available baked wheaten cake rice shoot ground of turning green is treated to get seedling after young crops grows the 5-20cm height; Rake with disk harrow or rotovator wholely,, divide suitable area imitation paddy field mode and play the ridge according to leveling situation, the topography of field face; Sheep's hay seedling balled transplanting; Transplant and not apply fertilizer then.
3, the method for soda alkaline land sheep's hay vegetation restoration and reconstruction according to claim 2, a water is irritated on the rice shoot ground that it is characterized in that getting behind the seedling.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004100108671A CN100336436C (en) | 2004-05-24 | 2004-05-24 | Mcthod for rccovering and rebuilding vegetation of Chinese wildrye in soda saline land |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004100108671A CN100336436C (en) | 2004-05-24 | 2004-05-24 | Mcthod for rccovering and rebuilding vegetation of Chinese wildrye in soda saline land |
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| CN1625936A true CN1625936A (en) | 2005-06-15 |
| CN100336436C CN100336436C (en) | 2007-09-12 |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101507394B (en) * | 2009-04-03 | 2011-04-20 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Chinese wild rye direct seeding method on saline-alkali land |
| CN103004391A (en) * | 2012-10-24 | 2013-04-03 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Method for improving Chinese wild rye biomass and seed yield of saline-alkali soil |
| CN105660162A (en) * | 2016-04-07 | 2016-06-15 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Method for rapidly restoring reed vegetation of wetland in large scale by carrying out mechanized transplanting on seedling cultured with pot and plate |
| CN105660159A (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2016-06-15 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Method for quickly restoring and constructing reed vegetation in degraded wetland |
| CN108260374A (en) * | 2018-01-18 | 2018-07-10 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | The method of the saline and alkaline quick planting Aneurolepidium Chinese Artificial Grassland of Degradation Meadow |
| CN110558169A (en) * | 2019-10-12 | 2019-12-13 | 东北林业大学 | Method for rapidly recovering vegetation in severe soda saline-alkali soil |
| CN111418451A (en) * | 2020-05-15 | 2020-07-17 | 重庆尚八斗生态农业有限公司 | Transplanting method of leymus chinensis |
| CN114287191A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-04-08 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Method for repairing severe soda saline-alkali soil by using reed-based pleurotus eryngii mushroom bran grass seeds |
| CN116076191A (en) * | 2023-02-09 | 2023-05-09 | 东北农业大学 | Method for improving physical and chemical properties of soil by using leymus chinensis |
-
2004
- 2004-05-24 CN CNB2004100108671A patent/CN100336436C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101507394B (en) * | 2009-04-03 | 2011-04-20 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Chinese wild rye direct seeding method on saline-alkali land |
| CN103004391A (en) * | 2012-10-24 | 2013-04-03 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Method for improving Chinese wild rye biomass and seed yield of saline-alkali soil |
| CN105660159A (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2016-06-15 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Method for quickly restoring and constructing reed vegetation in degraded wetland |
| CN105660162A (en) * | 2016-04-07 | 2016-06-15 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Method for rapidly restoring reed vegetation of wetland in large scale by carrying out mechanized transplanting on seedling cultured with pot and plate |
| CN105660162B (en) * | 2016-04-07 | 2019-03-26 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | A method of restoring wetland reed vegetation using bowl plate seeding mechanized transplanting |
| CN108260374B (en) * | 2018-01-18 | 2020-09-15 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Method for quickly establishing and planting leymus chinensis artificial grassland in saline-alkali deteriorated meadow |
| CN108260374A (en) * | 2018-01-18 | 2018-07-10 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | The method of the saline and alkaline quick planting Aneurolepidium Chinese Artificial Grassland of Degradation Meadow |
| CN110558169A (en) * | 2019-10-12 | 2019-12-13 | 东北林业大学 | Method for rapidly recovering vegetation in severe soda saline-alkali soil |
| CN111418451A (en) * | 2020-05-15 | 2020-07-17 | 重庆尚八斗生态农业有限公司 | Transplanting method of leymus chinensis |
| CN111418451B (en) * | 2020-05-15 | 2021-09-21 | 重庆尚八斗生态农业有限公司 | Transplanting method of leymus chinensis |
| CN114287191A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-04-08 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Method for repairing severe soda saline-alkali soil by using reed-based pleurotus eryngii mushroom bran grass seeds |
| CN116076191A (en) * | 2023-02-09 | 2023-05-09 | 东北农业大学 | Method for improving physical and chemical properties of soil by using leymus chinensis |
| CN116076191B (en) * | 2023-02-09 | 2023-08-29 | 东北农业大学 | Method for improving physical and chemical properties of soil by using leymus chinensis |
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| CN100336436C (en) | 2007-09-12 |
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