CN111418451A - Transplanting method of leymus chinensis - Google Patents
Transplanting method of leymus chinensis Download PDFInfo
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- CN111418451A CN111418451A CN202010409638.6A CN202010409638A CN111418451A CN 111418451 A CN111418451 A CN 111418451A CN 202010409638 A CN202010409638 A CN 202010409638A CN 111418451 A CN111418451 A CN 111418451A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G20/00—Cultivation of turf, lawn or the like; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C11/00—Transplanting machines
- A01C11/02—Transplanting machines for seedlings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C15/00—Fertiliser distributors
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
- A01C5/06—Machines for making or covering drills or furrows for sowing or planting
- A01C5/062—Devices for making drills or furrows
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
- A01C5/06—Machines for making or covering drills or furrows for sowing or planting
- A01C5/066—Devices for covering drills or furrows
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Transplanting Machines (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a method for transplanting leymus chinensis, which comprises the following steps: s1: transplanting time, namely selecting the rainy-free weather of May for transplanting; s2: selecting seedlings, namely selecting robust plants which grow 25-30cm after turning green; s3: putting the selected plants in the S2 in a Chinese wildrye transplanting device, ridging in the north-south direction, and transplanting by the Chinese wildrye transplanting device, so that the row spacing and the plant spacing of the Chinese wildrye are 25-35cm and 25-35cm respectively, and fertilizers are arranged above and below the Chinese wildrye; s4: watering once in the morning and evening within 2 days after the Chinese wildrye is transplanted; watering once every 2-3 days after 2 days to ensure that the soil 1-1.5cm away from the ground surface is in a wet state; watering for 3 times every 2 weeks after 2 weeks, and if the user encounters rainy days, adjusting the watering amount according to the precipitation amount; s5: weed removal treatment is carried out every 2 weeks; s6: the insecticidal treatment is carried out every 2 weeks. Compared with the traditional Chinese wildrye transplanting method, the scheme ensures that fertilizers are arranged above and below the Chinese wildrye, and effectively improves the survival rate of the Chinese wildrye.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a method for transplanting leymus chinensis.
Background
The leymus chinensis (L eymuschinensis) is an advantageous group species on the salinized grassland in the Xinjiang area and is also a high-quality pasture with higher economic value, so that the recovery of the leymus chinensis vegetation on the salinized grassland in the Xinjiang area is beneficial to obtaining considerable economic benefit while recovering good ecological environment, thereby relieving the double-layer pressure on the aspects of environment and social economy in the current reconstruction.
The patent No. 200410010867.1 discloses a method for recovering and rebuilding vegetation of leymus chinensis in soda saline-alkali land, which comprises five processes of selecting seedlings, preparing soil, transplanting seedlings, turning green and performing later-stage management, and collecting and harvesting, wherein leymus chinensis seedlings or leymus chinensis rhizome tillering seedlings are selected as transplanting seedlings, the soil preparation depth is 5-15 cm, the seedlings are leveled after being irrigated and soaked in a field and subsided for 1-3 days, and the leymus chinensis seedlings can be planted, ridging transplanting, ridge platform transplanting or paddy field type flat transplanting modes are adopted, the hole distance is 10cm × 30cm, or 20cm × 30cm or 20cm × 40cm and other densities, the soil is kept 1-3 cm after being transplanted for 1-3 weeks or the soil is kept moist by other irrigation modes such as sprinkling irrigation, the soil is kept to be dry and wet alternately in the early stage, weeding is performed during the growing period, the scheme is simple, convenient and easy to operate, the cost is low, but the survival rate of the leymus chinensis is further improved.
Therefore, the applicant specially develops a Chinese wildrye transplanting device which is matched with a unique transplanting method and can obviously improve the survival rate of the Chinese wildrye.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for transplanting leymus chinensis to improve the survival rate of the leymus chinensis.
In order to achieve the purpose, the scheme provides a method for transplanting leymus chinensis, which comprises the following operation steps:
s1: transplanting time, namely selecting the rainy-free weather of May for transplanting;
s2: selecting seedlings, namely selecting robust plants which grow 25-30cm after turning green;
s3: putting the selected plants in the S2 in a Chinese wildrye transplanting device, ridging in the north-south direction, and transplanting by the Chinese wildrye transplanting device, so that the row spacing and the plant spacing of the Chinese wildrye are 25-35cm and 25-35cm respectively, and fertilizers are arranged above and below the Chinese wildrye;
s4: watering once in the morning and evening within 2 days after the Chinese wildrye is transplanted; watering once every 2-3 days after 2 days to ensure that the soil 1-1.5cm away from the ground surface is in a wet state; watering for 3 times every 2 weeks after 2 weeks, and if the user encounters rainy days, adjusting the watering amount according to the precipitation amount;
s5: weed removal treatments were performed every 2 weeks.
The chinese wildrye transplanting device that uses in this scheme, including organism, ditching mechanism, transplanting mechanism and earthing wheel all set up on the organism its characterized in that: the transplanting mechanism comprises a rotary plate, a baffle plate, a seedling transplanting pipe and a lifting unit; the baffle is fixed on the machine body, the rotary table is rotatably arranged on the baffle, a plurality of seedling dropping pipes are arranged on the rotary table, 1 opening matched with the seedling dropping pipes is formed in the baffle, the seedling transplanting pipes are positioned below the openings, and the seedling transplanting pipes are fixed on the lifting unit; the seedling transplanting pipe consists of two shells, partition plates are arranged in the seedling dropping pipe and the seedling transplanting pipe, the partition plates divide the seedling transplanting pipe into a fertilizer cavity and a Chinese wildrye cavity, and through holes communicated with the fertilizer cavity and the Chinese wildrye cavity are formed below the partition plates; an inclined plate is arranged in the leymus chinensis cavity and is positioned below the opening; the middle parts of the shells are hinged to the machine body, the two shells are respectively provided with a magnet and an electromagnet, and the electromagnets are mutually repelled with the magnets after being electrified.
After the equipment is started, the ditching mechanism ditches the land to form a Chinese wildrye planting ditch. Putting fertilizer and the leymus chinensis to be transplanted into the seedling dropping pipe in advance, rotating the rotary disc regularly, when the seedling dropping pipe rotates to the opening, the fertilizer and the leymus chinensis fall into the fertilizer cavity and the leymus chinensis cavity of the seedling transplanting pipe, and a part of the fertilizer enters the leymus chinensis cavity through the through holes. At the moment, the lifting unit is started, after the seedling transplanting pipe enters the soil, the power supply of the electromagnet is disconnected, the seedling transplanting pipe is opened, and the leymus chinensis is transplanted into the soil and is fixed by the soil covered by the subsequent soil covering wheels. Meanwhile, the lifting unit moves upwards to continue transplanting the leymus chinensis in the turntable, and the process is repeated.
The seedling transplanting tube is provided with a fertilizer cavity and a leymus chinensis cavity, so that the fertilizer and the leymus chinensis can enter the soil simultaneously. Due to the arrangement of the through holes, part of fertilizer in the fertilizer cavity can enter the leymus chinensis cavity; and the position of the leymus chinensis can be heightened by arranging the inclined plate, so that when the seedling transplanting pipe is opened, firstly the fertilizer in the fertilizer cavity enters the soil, then the leymus chinensis enters the soil, then the fertilizer on the leymus chinensis enters various types suddenly, and the situation that the fertilizer is arranged above and below the leymus chinensis is realized.
Compared with the traditional Chinese wildrye transplanting method, the method has the advantages that the characteristic of transplanting is fully considered in transplanting, fertilizers are arranged above and below the Chinese wildrye, so that the Chinese wildrye has sufficient nutrients to resist against saline and alkaline land in transplanting, the Chinese wildrye is better adapted to the saline and alkaline land, and the survival rate is further improved.
Furthermore, the line spacing of the leymus chinensis is 30cm, and the plant spacing is 30 cm.
Further, S6, the insecticidal treatment is performed every 2 weeks.
Furthermore, the power source of the machine body is a diesel engine, and a spring is arranged between the diesel engine and the seedling transplanting pipe.
Further, still include position sensor and controller, position sensor sets up on the pipe of transplanting seedlings, position sensor, electro-magnet, carousel all with controller electric connection.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the seedling transplanting tube in fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the seedling transplanting tube in fig. 1.
Detailed Description
The following is further detailed by way of specific embodiments:
reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: the device comprises wheels 10, a diesel engine 11, a ditching wheel 20, a soil covering wheel 30, a seedling dropping pipe 41, a seedling transplanting pipe 42, a partition plate 420, a fertilizer cavity 421, a leymus chinensis cavity 422, a sloping plate 423, a through hole 424, a hinge hole 425, a carrying plate 50, a spring 60, a magnet 71 and an electromagnet 72.
The scheme provides a method for transplanting leymus chinensis, which comprises the following steps:
s1: transplanting time, namely selecting the rainy-free weather of May for transplanting;
s2: selecting seedlings, namely selecting robust plants which grow 25-30cm after turning green;
s3: putting the selected plants in the S2 in a Chinese wildrye transplanting device, ridging in the north-south direction, and transplanting by the Chinese wildrye transplanting device, so that the row spacing and the plant spacing of the Chinese wildrye are 25-35cm and 25-35cm respectively, and fertilizers are arranged above and below the Chinese wildrye;
s4: watering once in the morning and evening within 2 days after the Chinese wildrye is transplanted; watering once every 2-3 days after 2 days to ensure that the soil 1-1.5cm away from the ground surface is in a wet state; watering for 3 times every 2 weeks after 2 weeks, and if the user encounters rainy days, adjusting the watering amount according to the precipitation amount;
s5: weed removal treatment is carried out every 2 weeks;
s6: the insecticidal treatment is carried out every 2 weeks.
The used Chinese wildrye transplanting device is shown in figures 1, 2 and 3 and mainly comprises a machine body, a ditching mechanism, a transplanting mechanism and a soil covering mechanism. The machine body adopts a common structure of agricultural machinery, and comprises a frame, wheels 10, an engine, a corresponding control system and other parts which are relatively mature systems and are not described in detail. The rack is provided with a loading plate 50. The fertilizer and the sheep grass seedlings can be placed on the carrying plate 50 and are convenient to take.
It should be noted that the engine needs to use the diesel engine 11, and the spring 60 is arranged between the diesel engine 11 and the seedling transplanting pipe 42. On one hand, the diesel engine 11 has stronger power ratio, and is convenient for driving equipment in the farmland; on the other hand, strong vibration can be generated during the operation of the seedling transplanting device, and the vibration can be transmitted to the seedling transplanting tube 42 by matching with the spring 60, so that the fertilizer in the fertilizer cavity 421 can conveniently enter the Chinese wildrye. In addition, the spring 60 is adopted, but a connecting rod and other parts cannot be adopted, mainly considering the stretchability of the spring 60, so that the seedling transplanting tube 42 is prevented from being pulled open by the vibration of the diesel engine 11, and fertilizer or Chinese wildrye seedlings are prevented from leaking. The surface of the spring 60 is coated with a layer of antirust coating, so that the service life is longer.
The ditching mechanism adopts the ditching wheel 20 which is arranged in front of the frame, and can be a common ditching mechanism such as a colter or the like according to the situation. The trenching wheel 20 is mounted on the frame by bolts or clips so that it can be disassembled to adjust its position to accommodate more land. The soil covering mechanism adopts two soil covering wheels 30 which are arranged at the rear part of the frame. The two soil wheels 30 are inclined inwardly by an angle of about 40.
The emphasis is on the lower planting mechanism. The transplanting mechanism comprises a turntable, a baffle plate, a seedling transplanting pipe 42 and a lifting unit.
The baffle is installed on the machine body, the rotary table is rotatably arranged on the baffle, and eight seedling dropping pipes 41 are arranged on the rotary table. The baffle is provided with 1 opening matched with the seedling dropping pipe 41, and the seedling transplanting pipe 42 is positioned below the opening. The seedling tube 42 is fixed to the lifting unit, and its position can be controlled by the lifting unit. The lifting unit may be implemented using existing equipment, such as a lift, a pneumatic/hydraulic cylinder, or a four bar linkage.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the seedling transplantation tube 42 is composed of left and right casings. One end of the spring 60 is connected to the seedling tube 42, and the other end is connected to the diesel engine 11. The seedling transplanting pipe 42 is internally provided with a clapboard 420, and the clapboard 420 is fixed on the frame and divides the seedling transplanting pipe 42 into a fertilizer cavity 421 (left side) and a leymus chinensis cavity 422 (right side). A through hole 424 which is communicated with the fertilizer cavity 421 and the leymus chinensis cavity 422 is arranged at the middle-lower position of the clapboard 420; through the through hole 424, part of the fertilizer can enter the leymus chinensis cavity 422 from the fertilizer cavity 421. Of course, a partition 420 is correspondingly arranged in the seedling dropping pipe 41 to separate the fertilizer from the Chinese wildrye.
An inclined plate 423 is arranged in the leymus chinensis cavity 422, and the inclined plate 423 is positioned below the opening; the purpose of the sloping plate 423 is to elevate the cavity 422, and in fact, the lower part of the cavity 422 is made solid to achieve the same effect. Both housings are provided with hinge holes 425, through which holes 425 the housings can be hinged to the frame by means of pins. The left housing is provided with a magnet 71, and the right housing is provided with a magnet 71, the poles of which are opposite to each other, so that the electromagnet 72 is mutually repelled from the magnet 71 after being electrified.
In order to further increase the automation of the device, a position sensor and a controller are additionally arranged, the position sensor is arranged on the side wall of the seedling transplanting tube 42, and the position sensor, the electromagnet 72 and the rotary disc are all electrically connected with the controller. When the position sensor detects that the seedling transplanting pipe 42 is located at the lowest position, the signal is transmitted to the controller, the controller can control the electromagnet 72 to be powered off, meanwhile, the controller can also control the rotation period of the turntable, and the automation degree is higher.
Under the same conditions, the transplanting is carried out by adopting the transplanting method, and the differences of different examples and comparative examples are shown in the following table:
thirty days after the test, the survival rates of the different examples and comparative examples are shown in the following table:
as can be seen from the above table, the survival rates of the leymus chinensis are equivalent to those of the thirtieth day, which can show that the leymus chinensis can survive well basically after the ten days, so the ten days are very critical.
It is obvious that the examples 1-3 all achieve good survival rate, which is far beyond the survival rate of the leymus chinensis in the traditional industry. Comparative example 1 is because the plants are not strong enough, resulting in a decrease in the survival rate of the guinea grass. Surprisingly, comparative example 2, although the plants were stronger than the examples, still did not have the highest survival rate, possibly related to the corresponding nutrients or to the fact that it had already passed through the stage of rapid growth. It is clear from comparative examples 3 to 5 that the effect of the fertilizer on the guinea grass is of great importance. Especially, the fertilizer is applied up and down simultaneously, which has great effect on the early stage of the crossing of the leymus chinensis.
It should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "fixed," and the like are used broadly in the present invention, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
The foregoing is merely an example of the present invention and common general knowledge of known specific structures and features of the embodiments is not described herein in any greater detail. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several changes and modifications can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicability of the patent. The scope of the claims of the present application shall be determined by the contents of the claims, and the description of the embodiments and the like in the specification shall be used to explain the contents of the claims.
Claims (5)
1. A method for transplanting leymus chinensis is characterized in that: the method comprises the following operation steps:
s1: transplanting time, namely selecting the rainy-free weather of May for transplanting;
s2: selecting seedlings, namely selecting robust plants which grow 25-30cm after turning green;
s3: putting the selected plants in the S2 in a Chinese wildrye transplanting device, ridging in the north-south direction, and transplanting by the Chinese wildrye transplanting device, so that the row spacing and the plant spacing of the Chinese wildrye are 25-35cm and 25-35cm respectively, and fertilizers are arranged above and below the Chinese wildrye;
the Chinese wildrye transplanting device comprises a machine body, a ditching mechanism, a transplanting mechanism and an earth covering wheel, wherein the ditching mechanism, the transplanting mechanism and the earth covering wheel are all arranged on the machine body, and the Chinese wildrye transplanting device is characterized in that: the transplanting mechanism comprises a rotary plate, a baffle plate, a seedling transplanting pipe and a lifting unit; the baffle is fixed on the machine body, the rotary table is rotatably arranged on the baffle, a plurality of seedling dropping pipes are arranged on the rotary table, 1 opening matched with the seedling dropping pipes is formed in the baffle, the seedling transplanting pipes are positioned below the openings, and the seedling transplanting pipes are fixed on the lifting unit; the seedling transplanting pipe consists of two shells, partition plates are arranged in the seedling dropping pipe and the seedling transplanting pipe, the partition plates divide the seedling transplanting pipe into a fertilizer cavity and a Chinese wildrye cavity, and through holes communicated with the fertilizer cavity and the Chinese wildrye cavity are formed below the partition plates; an inclined plate is arranged in the leymus chinensis cavity and is positioned below the opening; the middle parts of the shells are hinged on the machine body, the two shells are respectively provided with a magnet and an electromagnet, and the electromagnets are mutually repelled with the magnets after being electrified;
s4: watering once in the morning and evening within 2 days after the Chinese wildrye is transplanted; watering once every 2-3 days after 2 days to ensure that the soil 1-1.5cm away from the ground surface is in a wet state; watering for 3 times every 2 weeks after 2 weeks, and if the user encounters rainy days, adjusting the watering amount according to the precipitation amount;
s5: weed removal treatments were performed every 2 weeks.
2. The method for transplanting leymus chinensis as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the line spacing of the leymus chinensis is 30cm, and the plant spacing is 30 cm.
3. The method for transplanting leymus chinensis as claimed in claim 1, wherein: also includes S6, the insecticidal treatment is carried out every 2 weeks.
4. The method for transplanting leymus chinensis as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the power source of the machine body is a diesel engine, and a spring is arranged between the diesel engine and the seedling transplanting pipe.
5. The method for transplanting leymus chinensis as claimed in claim 4, wherein: still include position sensor and controller, position sensor sets up on the pipe of transplanting seedlings, position sensor, electro-magnet, carousel all with controller electric connection.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112930808A (en) * | 2021-04-07 | 2021-06-11 | 山东农业大学 | Novel agricultural machinery is transplanted with crops device |
| CN117602747A (en) * | 2024-01-23 | 2024-02-27 | 河北省沧州生态环境监测中心 | Ecological restoration environment-friendly structure for polluted river water body |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112930808A (en) * | 2021-04-07 | 2021-06-11 | 山东农业大学 | Novel agricultural machinery is transplanted with crops device |
| CN117602747A (en) * | 2024-01-23 | 2024-02-27 | 河北省沧州生态环境监测中心 | Ecological restoration environment-friendly structure for polluted river water body |
| CN117602747B (en) * | 2024-01-23 | 2024-03-22 | 河北省沧州生态环境监测中心 | Ecological restoration environment-friendly structure for polluted river water body |
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| CN111418451B (en) | 2021-09-21 |
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