CN107683651A - A kind of aspirated-air type rape precision planter - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural seeding equipment, in particular to an air-suction rapeseed precision seeder. It includes a frame, a ground wheel is arranged under the frame, and a suspension device is arranged at the front end of the frame. device and drip irrigation device, the lower part of the front end of the frame is provided with a soil preparation device, and the rear frame of the soil preparation device is sequentially provided with a ditch opener, a large pressing roller, a front covering soil shovel, a seeding device, a soil covering device and a pressing device. The upper part of the seed metering device is correspondingly provided with a seed box, and the two ends of the soil covering device are correspondingly provided with soil scrapers. The utility model has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation, uniform sowing, accurate seed setting and high work efficiency, which reduces the labor intensity of sowing, and can meet the agronomic requirements of rapeseed planting such as sowing rate, plant spacing, row spacing, and seed depth.

Description

An air-suction precision seeder for rapeseed

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural seeding equipment, in particular to an air-suction rapeseed precision seeder.

Background technique

Rapeseed, as the main oil crop in our country, has been vigorously promoted and planted, and has a large planting area in our country. At present, the planting methods of rapeseed are mainly divided into the following types: artificial planting, and its main sowing methods are divided into two types, one is artificial ditching and then artificial sowing, and the other is artificial seedling cultivation and then artificial transplanting; but Both kinds of sowing methods adopt artificial sowing, which has low sowing efficiency and is time-consuming and labor-intensive. The combination of human and machine planting, that is, first using the machine to dig the ditch and then manually sowing, the sowing efficiency has not been improved, and there are still problems of time-consuming and labor-intensive. For mechanical planting, most of the commonly used seeders are refitted from wheat seeders for direct sowing. However, due to the differences in the planting methods of rapeseed and wheat, when using wheat seeders to sow rapeseed, the sowing effect is poor and it is not easy to popularize. Therefore, it is difficult to fundamentally improve the seeding efficiency of rapeseed, and there will also be a time-consuming and labor-intensive problem. Gansu is located in an arid and semi-arid area, where water resources are scarce, seed resources are scarce, mechanical seeding is seriously missed, and the rate of seed damage is high.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to avoid the defects of the prior art and provide an air-suction precision seeder for rapeseed, which effectively solves the problems of the prior art.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: the air-suction rapeseed precision seeder includes a frame, a ground wheel is arranged under the frame, and a suspension device is arranged at the front end of the frame. The upper part of the frame is also provided with a fan device, and the rear frame of the fan device is sequentially provided with a fertilization device, a film covering device and a drip irrigation device, and the lower part of the front end of the frame is provided with a soil preparation device, and the rear frame of the soil preparation device is sequentially arranged on the frame. It is equipped with a ditch opener, a large pressing roller, a front soil covering shovel, a seeding device, a soil covering device and a pressing device. The upper part of the seed metering device is correspondingly provided with a seed box, and the two ends of the soil covering device are correspondingly provided with soil scrapers.

The openers are disc-type structures and four are arranged. The openers are connected to the fertilization device through plastic pipes. The fertilization device is driven by a servo motor to rotate the fertilization shaft to feed. The rod mechanism is connected to the frame by a steel pipe sleeve, and the covering soil suppression device is connected to the seeding device by bolts through the connecting rod. The seeding device and the covering soil suppression device have a degree of freedom to rotate vertically on the ground, so that the seeding device and the covering soil suppression device are always connected with each other. The ground remains in contact.

The drip irrigation device is supported on both ends of the frame by brackets, the seeding devices are evenly arranged, and the soil covering suppression device is installed at the rear of the frame.

The seed metering device comprises a rear casing of the hole sowing wheel and a front casing of the hole sowing wheel, the rear casing of the hole sowing wheel is provided with a duckbill, the front casing of the hole sowing wheel is provided with an air inlet and a seed inlet, and the rear casing of the hole sowing wheel Between the body and the front casing of the hole sowing wheel, an air suction cup, an inner seed storage bin and a seed scraper are correspondingly arranged.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the air-suction rapeseed precision seeder has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation, uniform sowing, accurate seeding amount and high work efficiency, which reduces the labor intensity of sowing and can meet the needs of rapeseed planting. Agronomic requirements such as sowing amount, plant spacing, row spacing, and planting depth.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a top view structural schematic diagram of Fig. 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the seed metering device in Fig. 1 of the present invention.

As shown in the figure: 1. Soil-covering suppression device; 2. Soil scraper; 3. Soil-covering device; 4. Frame; 5. Seeding device; 5-1. Duck mouth; -3. Air intake hole; 5-4. Front shell of hole sowing wheel; 5-5. Seed inlet; 5-6. Air sucker; 5-7. Internal storage bin; .Seed box; 7. Drip irrigation device; 8. Ground wheel; 9. Front soil shovel; 10. Film covering device; 11. Large pressing roller; 12. Fertilization device; 13. Ditch opener; 14. Soil preparation device; . Fan device; 16. Suspension device.

detailed description

The principles and features of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and the examples given are only used to explain the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the air-suction precision seeder for rape includes a frame 4, a ground wheel 8 is arranged under the frame 4, and a suspension device 16 is arranged at the front end of the frame 4, and its characteristics are The top of the frame 4 is also provided with a fan device 15, and the frame 4 at the rear of the fan device 15 is sequentially provided with a fertilization device 12, a film covering device 10 and a drip irrigation device 7, and the lower part of the front end of the frame 4 is provided with a soil preparation device 14. A ditch opener 13, a large pressing roller 11, a front covering soil shovel 9, a seeding device 5, a covering soil device 3 and a covering soil suppressing device 1 are successively arranged on the rear frame 4 of the soil preparation device 14, and the upper part of the seed discharging device 5 A seed box 6 is correspondingly provided, and soil scrapers 2 are correspondingly provided at both ends of the soil covering device 3 .

Further, the ditch opener 13 is a disc structure and is set to four, the ditch opener 13 is connected with the fertilization device 12 through a plastic pipe, and the fertilization device 12 is driven by a servo motor to rotate the fertilization shaft to feed. The seed-discharging device 5 is connected to the frame by a steel pipe sleeve through a movable link mechanism, and the soil-covering suppression device 1 is connected to the seed-discharging device 5 by bolts through a connecting rod. The seed-discharging device 5 and the soil-covering suppression device 1 have the freedom to rotate vertically on the ground. degree, keep the seeding device 5 and the covering soil suppressing device 1 in contact with the ground all the time. Prevent the machine from being suspended due to the uneven ground, and the seeding device 5 and the covering soil suppressing device 1 leave the ground, resulting in missed seeding and poor effect of suppressing the covering soil.

Further, the drip irrigation device 7 is supported on both ends of the frame 4 by brackets, the seeding devices 5 are evenly arranged, and the soil suppression device 1 is installed at the rear of the frame 4 .

Further, the described seeding device 5 includes a hole sowing wheel rear casing 5-2 and a hole sowing wheel front casing 5-4, the hole sowing wheel rear casing 5-2 is provided with a duckbill 5-1, and the hole sowing wheel front casing 5-4 is provided with an air inlet 5-3 and a seed inlet 5-5, and an air sucker 5-6, an internal storage tank, and an air sucker 5-6 are correspondingly arranged between the rear casing 5-2 of the hole sowing wheel and the front casing 5-4 of the hole sowing wheel. Seed bin 5-7 and seed scraper 5-8.

The air-suction precision seeder for rapeseed is powered by the traction power of the tractor, and the same as the common agricultural implements, the seeder is driven forward by three-point suspension. When working in the field, the soil preparation device installed at the forefront of the seeder uses a leveling shovel to level the uneven soil, and a disc opener to open the ditch. At the same time, the fertilizer in the fertilizer discharge device passes through the plastic hose and the round The disc opener is connected, and the fertilizer is accurately sprinkled into the ditch while the ditch is being opened, and then the land is flattened by a large pressure roller. The fertilizer discharge device adopts the servo motor to rotate the fertilization shaft, and the grooved wheel on the fertilization shaft moves the fertilizer in the fertilization box to fall. in the open ditch. The rotation speed of the servo motor is coordinated with the walking speed of the precision rapeseed seeder to realize the speed control of the fertilization shaft; the grooved wheel on the fertilization shaft is equipped with an annular card with the same diameter as the grooved wheel that can move left and right. The connected handle controls the relative position of the card and the grooved wheel, thereby controlling the amount of fertilization. A weighing device is installed on the fertilization box to measure the weight of the fertilizer in the fertilization box and build a closed-loop control system for the fertilization and sowing process. When the seeder is mulching, in order to prevent the agricultural mulch from wrinkling and affecting the mulching effect, first use the film spreading roller to flatten the mulch, and then use the film pressing wheel to press the mulch into the left and right sides and open it with the front scraper. In the ditch, the small soil shovels on the left and right sides of the frame will fill the ditch with soil. Drip irrigation facilities are laid under the film, and the drip outlet is at the sowing place to achieve precise irrigation, improve the survival rate of seedlings and the vigorous growth of later plants. During seeding in the sowing link, the seeding device starts to roll forward through the forward movement of the frame, and first pierces the film on the film, and then sows. There is an air suction plate on the seeder, and the two air suction holes on the air suction plate are connected to the duckbill hole. When planting in the bin, under the action of negative pressure, the seeds are adsorbed to the air suction hole, and as the hole sowing wheel rotates, when passing through the seed scraper, the seeds are scraped off by the seed scraper and fall to the corresponding duckbill hole , The duckbill pierces the ground to form a hole, and the seeds to be planted are planted in the hole. Utilize the frictional rolling that suppresses earth-covering device and ground to produce again, the soil in the suppressing soil-covering device the inside is covered on the eyehole that pricks on the ground through the device middle gap, covers seed. The large covering soil shovels on the left and right sides of the frame fill the soil covering device with soil to ensure that enough soil can cover the holes. The covering wheel can float up and down to suppress the soil covered under the mulch film, so that the soil and seeds can be more fully contacted. Complete the integrated sowing operation.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection of the present invention. within range.

Claims (4)

1. An air-suction rapeseed precision seeder, comprising a frame, a ground wheel is arranged under the frame, and a suspension device is arranged at the front end of the frame, and it is characterized in that the upper part of the frame is also provided with a fan device, and the fan device A fertilization device, a film covering device and a drip irrigation device are arranged in sequence on the rear frame, a soil preparation device is arranged at the lower part of the front end of the frame, and a ditch opener, a large pressing roller, a front covering soil shovel, The seed-discharging device, the soil-covering device and the suppressing device, the upper part of the seed-discharging device is correspondingly provided with a seed box, and the two ends of the described soil-covering device are correspondingly provided with soil scrapers. 2. An air-suction rapeseed precision seeder as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: said openers are disc-shaped structures and four are arranged, and the openers pass through plastic pipes and fertilization devices The fertilization device is driven by the servo motor to rotate the fertilization shaft to feed. The seed metering device is connected to the frame by a steel pipe sleeve through a movable link mechanism, and the covering soil suppression device is connected to the seed metering device by bolts through a connecting rod. The seeding device and the covering soil suppressing device have the degree of freedom to rotate vertically on the ground, and keep the seeding device and the covering soil suppressing device always in contact with the ground. 3. A kind of air-suction precision seeder for rape as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the drip irrigation device is supported on both ends of the frame by brackets, the seeding devices are evenly arranged, and the soil-covering suppression device Mounts on the rear of the rack. 4. A kind of air-suction precision seeder for rape as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: said seeding device comprises a rear casing of the hole-sowing wheel and a front casing of the hole-sowing wheel, and the rear casing of the hole-sowing wheel The housing is provided with a duckbill, the front housing of the hole sowing wheel is provided with an air inlet and a seed inlet, and the rear housing of the hole sowing wheel and the front housing of the hole sowing wheel are respectively provided with an air suction cup, an internal storage bin and a seed scraper. device.