CN1478803A - 制备聚醚型多元醇用的双金属氰化物催化剂 - Google Patents
制备聚醚型多元醇用的双金属氰化物催化剂 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1478803A CN1478803A CNA031525237A CN03152523A CN1478803A CN 1478803 A CN1478803 A CN 1478803A CN A031525237 A CNA031525237 A CN A031525237A CN 03152523 A CN03152523 A CN 03152523A CN 1478803 A CN1478803 A CN 1478803A
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- Prior art keywords
- catalyzer
- fluorine
- dmc
- metal cyanide
- acid
- Prior art date
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- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
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- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 6
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- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 150000008378 aryl ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 4
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- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 4
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- DBUJFULDVAZULB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methoxypentane Chemical compound CCCCCOC DBUJFULDVAZULB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- JJJOZVFVARQUJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexylphosphonic acid Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CP(O)(O)=O JJJOZVFVARQUJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
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- JUXFXYQUXNXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-4-(trifluoromethoxy)benzene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(OC(F)(F)F)C=C1 JUXFXYQUXNXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- VBHXIMACZBQHPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound FC(F)(F)COC(=O)C=C VBHXIMACZBQHPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- LVFXLZRISXUAIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,3,4,4,4-hexafluorobutan-1-ol Chemical class OCC(F)(F)C(F)C(F)(F)F LVFXLZRISXUAIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- IMSODMZESSGVBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Oxazoline Chemical compound C1CN=CO1 IMSODMZESSGVBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- STSCVKRWJPWALQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N TRIFLUOROACETIC ACID ETHYL ESTER Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(F)(F)F STSCVKRWJPWALQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000004177 diethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
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- ZBGRMWIREQJHPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl 2,2,2-trifluoroacetate Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(=O)OC=C ZBGRMWIREQJHPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZKRJCMKLCDWROR-ONEGZZNKSA-N ethyl (e)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)\C=C\C(F)(F)F ZKRJCMKLCDWROR-ONEGZZNKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GZKHDVAKKLTJPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2,2-difluoroacetate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(F)F GZKHDVAKKLTJPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LZCLXQDLBQLTDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)O LZCLXQDLBQLTDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940046149 ferrous bromide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002221 fluorine Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UHCBBWUQDAVSMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoroethane Chemical compound CCF UHCBBWUQDAVSMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- VBZWSGALLODQNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexafluoroacetone Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(=O)C(F)(F)F VBZWSGALLODQNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCO XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002440 hydroxy compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005027 hydroxyaryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012442 inert solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003010 ionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- NMCUIPGRVMDVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe]Cl NMCUIPGRVMDVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- CSSYKHYGURSRAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2,2-difluoroacetate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(F)F CSSYKHYGURSRAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YACKEPLHDIMKIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylphosphonic acid Chemical compound CP(O)(O)=O YACKEPLHDIMKIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XGFDHKJUZCCPKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-nonadecyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO XGFDHKJUZCCPKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Ni]Cl QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphinic acid Chemical compound O[PH2]=O ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005538 phosphinite group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000008301 phosphite esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003014 phosphoric acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001392 phosphorus oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000191 poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002432 poly(vinyl methyl ether) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001521 polyalkylene glycol ether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006324 polyoxymethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000247 postprecipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000634 powder X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005767 propoxymethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[#8]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- ILVGAIQLOCKNQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl 2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C(C)O ILVGAIQLOCKNQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HNJBEVLQSNELDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrrolidin-2-one Chemical compound O=C1CCCN1 HNJBEVLQSNELDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007151 ring opening polymerisation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- VSAISIQCTGDGPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraphosphorus hexaoxide Chemical compound O1P(O2)OP3OP1OP2O3 VSAISIQCTGDGPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002411 thermogravimetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940087291 tridecyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- GQHWSLKNULCZGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifluoromethoxybenzene Chemical compound FC(F)(F)OC1=CC=CC=C1 GQHWSLKNULCZGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RCBSEUPNIXQMME-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifluoromethyl carbamate Chemical compound NC(=O)OC(F)(F)F RCBSEUPNIXQMME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004246 zinc acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940102001 zinc bromide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- JDLYKQWJXAQNNS-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;dibenzoate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1.[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 JDLYKQWJXAQNNS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- NHXVNEDMKGDNPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;pentane-2,4-dione Chemical compound [Zn+2].CC(=O)[CH-]C(C)=O.CC(=O)[CH-]C(C)=O NHXVNEDMKGDNPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- B01J27/24—Nitrogen compounds
- B01J27/26—Cyanides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G65/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring
- C08G65/26—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers and other compounds
- C08G65/2642—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers and other compounds characterised by the catalyst used
- C08G65/2645—Metals or compounds thereof, e.g. salts
- C08G65/2663—Metal cyanide catalysts, i.e. DMC's
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
本发明涉及新型的双金属氰化物(DMC)催化剂,其用于通过烯化氧和含有活性氢原子的起始物化合物之间的聚加成反应来制备聚醚型多元醇,其中的催化剂含有a)至少一种双金属氰化物化合物,b)至少一种有机配体和c)至少一种含氟配体。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及新型的双金属氰化物(DMC)催化剂,其用于通过烯化氧和含有活性氢原子的起始物化合物之间的聚加成反应制备聚醚型多元醇。
背景技术
烯化氧和含活性氢原子的起始物化合物之间的聚加成反应所用双金属氰化物(DMC)催化剂是已知的(例如US-A3 404 109、US-A3 829505、US-A3 941 849和US-A5 158 922)。与通过使用碱催化剂,如碱金属氢氧化物的聚醚型多元醇的常规制备方法相比,使用这些DMC催化剂来制备聚醚型多元醇可特别地减少含有末端双键的单官能化聚醚,所谓的一元醇(monool)的比例。这样所获得的聚醚型多元醇可以加工形成高级聚氨酯(例如弹性体、泡沫、涂料)。通常,DMC催化剂是这样获得的:使金属盐水溶液与金属氰化物盐水溶液在有机配体例如醚存在下进行反应。在一个典型的催化剂制备中,例如将氯化锌水溶液(过量)与六氰合钴酸钾混合,然后向形成的悬浮液中加入二甲氧基乙烷(甘醇二甲醚,glyme)。接下来过滤并用甘醇二甲醚水溶液洗涤催化剂,得到对应于下面通式的活性催化剂(参见,例如EP-A700949):
Zn3[Co(CN)6]2 xZnCl2 yH2O z glyme.
JP-A4 145 123、US-A5 470 813、EP-A700 949、EP-A743 093、EP-A761 708和WO 97/40086公开的DMC催化剂,通过使用叔丁醇作为有机配体(单独地或与聚醚组合使用(EP-A700 949、EP-A761 708、WO 97/40086)),进一步降低了聚醚型多元醇制备中含末端双键的单官能化聚醚的比例。而且,这些DMC催化剂的使用缩短了烯化氧与对应的起始物化合物的聚加成反应的诱导时间并提高了催化活性。
发明内容
现已发现,在聚醚型多元醇的制备中可以有利地使用含有一或多种含氟的配合物形成组分的DMC催化剂。特别地,它们也适用于环氧乙烷的聚合或环氧乙烷与更高级环氧化物如环氧丙烷的共聚。
本发明的这些和其它的优点与好处通过以下的发明详述而显而易见。
具体实施方式
现在,为了说明的目的而不是为了限制,将对本发明进行描述。除了在操作性实施例中,或另有说明之处,在本说明书中所有表示量、百分数、官能度等的数字,在所有情况中都应理解为被词语“约”所修饰。
本发明提供了一种双金属氰化物(CMD)催化剂,其包含:
a)至少一种双金属氰化物化合物,
b)至少一种不含氟原子的有机配体,和
c)至少一种含氟配体。
本发明的催化剂还可以任选地含有d)水,优选量为1一10wt%,和/或e)一或多种水溶性金属盐,优选的量为5-25wt%,从双金属氰化物化合物a)的制备计。这些化合物优选地对应于式M(X)n,其中M选自Zn(II)、Fe(II)、Ni(II)、Mn(II)、Co(II)、Sn(II)、Pb(II)、Fe(III)、Mo(VI)、Mo(IV)、Al(III)、V(V)、V(IV)、Sr(II)、W(IV)、W(VI)、Cu(II)和Cr(III)。更优选Zn(II),Fe(II),Co(II),和Ni(II)。阴离子X可以相同或不同,优选是相同的,X优选选自卤化物、氢氧化物、硫酸盐、碳酸盐、氰酸盐、硫氰酸盐、异氰酸盐、异硫氰酸盐、羧酸盐、草酸盐或硝酸盐。n的值优选为1,2或3。
在本发明的催化剂中的双金属氰化物化合物a)可以通过水溶性金属盐和水溶性金属氰化物盐的反应来获得。
适用于制备本发明的双金属氰化物化合物a)的水溶性金属盐优选具有式(I)
M(X)n,(I)其中M选自金属Zn(II)、Fe(II)、Ni(II)、Mn(II),Co(II)、Sn(II)、Pb(II)、Fe(III)、Mo(IV)、Mo(VI)、Al(III)、V(V)、V(IV)、Sr(II)、W(IV)、W(VI)、Cu(II)和Cr(III)。更优选Zn(II),Fe(II),Co(II),和Ni(II)。阴离子X是相同或不同的,优选是相同的,并优选选自卤化物、氢氧化物、硫酸盐、碳酸盐、氰酸盐、硫氰酸盐、异氰酸盐、异硫氰酸盐、羧酸盐、草酸盐或硝酸盐。n的值优选为1,2或3。
适用的水溶性金属盐的实例包括,但不限于,氯化锌、溴化锌、醋酸锌、乙酰丙酮化锌、苯甲酸锌、硝酸锌、硫酸亚铁(II)、溴化亚铁(II)、氯化亚铁(II)、氯化钴(II)、硫氰酸钴(II)、氯化镍(II)和硝酸镍(II)。也可以使用不同水溶性金属盐的混合物。
适用于制备双金属氰化物化合物a)的水溶性金属氰化物盐优选具有下式(II),
(Y)a M’(CN)b(A)c,(II)其中的M’选自金属Fe(II)、Fe(III)、Co(II)、Co(III)、Cr(II)、Cr(III)、Mn(II)、Mn(III)、Ir(III)、Ni(II)、Rh(III)、Ru(II)、V(IV)和V(V)。M’更优选地选自金属Co(II)、Co(III)、 Fe(II)、Fe(III)、Cr(III)、Ir(III)和Ni(II)。所述水溶性金属氰化物盐可以包括一或多种的这些金属。阳离子Y是相同或不同的,优选是相同的,并选自碱金属离子和碱土金属离子。阴离子A是相同或不同的,优选是相同的,并选自卤化物、氢氧化物、硫酸盐、碳酸盐、氰酸盐、硫氰酸盐、异氰酸盐、异硫氰酸盐、羧酸盐、草酸盐或硝酸盐。a还有b和c是整数,其中选择a、b和c的值以使金属氰化物盐呈电中性;a优选为1、2、3或4;b优选为4、5或6;c优选为0。适用的水溶性金属氰化物盐的实例包括,但不限于,六氰钴(III)酸钾、六氰合铁(II)酸钾、六氰合铁(III)酸钾、六氰合钴(III)酸钙和六氰合钴(III)酸锂。
本发明的催化剂中的优选的双金属氰化物化合物a)是对应于下式(III)的化合物,
Mx[M’x’(CN)y]z(III)其中M如式(I)中定义,且
M’如式(II)中定义,且
x、x’、y和z是整数,并对其进行选择使双金属氰化物化合物呈电中性。
优选地,
x=3,x’=1,y=6和z=2,
M=Zn(II)、Fe(II)、Co(II)或Ni(II),和
M’=Co(III)、Fe(III)、Cr(III)或Ir(III)。
适用的双金属氰化物化合物a)的实例包括,但不限于,六氰合钴(III)酸锌、六氰合铱(III)酸锌、六氰合铁(III)酸锌和六氰合钴(III)酸钴(II)。适用的双金属氰化物化合物的其它实例可见于,例如US-A5158922。最为优选使用六氰合钴(III)酸锌。
本发明的DMC催化剂中的有机配体b)原则上是已知的并在本领域内有详细描述(例如在US-A5 158 922、US-A3 404 109、US-A3 829505、US-A3 941 849、EP-A700 949、EP-A761 708、JP-A4 145123、US-A5 470 813、EP-A743 093和WO 97/40086中)。优选的有机配体包括,但不限于带有杂原子如氧、氮、磷或硫的水溶性有机化合物,其可与双金属氰化物化合物a)形成配合物。适用的有机配体是,例如:醇、醛、酮、醚、酯、酰胺、脲、腈、硫化物及它们的混合物。优选的有机配体是水溶性脂肪醇如乙醇、异丙醇、正-丁醇、异-丁醇、仲-丁醇和叔丁醇。更为优选叔丁醇。
本发明的催化剂含有至少一种含氟配体c),其可以优选地是含氟的单体化合物或含氟的官能化聚合物,更优选不带有离子基团的聚合物。
适用的单体型含氟配体包括,但不限于,氟化的醇、醚、醛、酮、缩醛、羧酸酯、羧酰胺、羧酸腈和磷化合物。
适用于制备本发明的催化剂的含氟醇包括,但不限于,含1-30个碳原子的,一元或多元的,非环状或环状的,脂肪族或芳族的醇。实例是2,2,2-三氟乙醇、1,3-二氟-2-丙醇、2,2,3,3-四氟-1-丙醇、2,2,3,3,3-五氟-1-丙醇、1,1,1,3,3,3-六氟-2-丙醇、全氟叔丁醇、2,2,3,4,4,4-六氟-1-丁醇、2,2,3,3,4,4,4-七氟-1-丁醇、1,1,1,3,3,4,4,4-八氟-2-丁醇、2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-八氟-1-戊醇、2-氟环己醇、3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8-十三氟-1-辛醇、2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8-十五氟-1-辛醇、2-氟乙氧基乙醇、1-氟乙二醇、3-氟-1,2-丙二醇,2,3-二氟-1,4-丁二醇、2,2,3,3,4,4-六氟-1,5-戊二醇、2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-八氟-1,6-己二醇、2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9-十六氟-1,10-癸二醇、2-氟-1,2,3-甘油、2-氟甲基-2-羟甲基-1,3-丙二醇、2-氟乙基-2-羟甲基-1,3-丙二醇、2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-八氟-1,6-己二醇、1,1,1,5,5,5-六氟戊三醇、4-氟苯酚和4-三氟甲基苯酚。优选2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-八氟-1,6-己二醇和2-氟乙氧基乙醇。
适用于制备本发明的催化剂的含氟醚包括,但不限于,含1-30个碳原子、饱和或不饱和的,直链或支链的,非环状或环状的,脂肪族或芳族的,二烷基、烷基芳基或二芳基醚,例如双(2,2,2-三氟乙基)醚、烯丙基-1,1,2,2-四氟乙基醚、烯丙基-1,1,2,3,3,3-六氟丙基醚、表氟醇、六氟氧化丙烯、2,3-环氧丙基-1,1,2,2-四氟乙基醚、2,3-环氧丙基-2,2,3,3-四氟丙基醚、2,3-环氧丙基-2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-八氟戊基醚、2,3-环氧丙基-2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9-十六氟壬基醚、乙二醇单-4,4,5,5,5-五氟戊基醚和四乙二醇五氟乙基醚、2,2-双(三氟甲基)-1,3-二氧戊环、三氟甲氧基苯、1-甲基-2-(1,1,2,2-四氟乙氧基)苯、2-氟苯甲醚、3-氟苯甲醚、3-(三氟甲基)苯甲醚、4-(三氟甲氧基)甲苯、1-溴-4-(三氟甲氧基)苯、2,4-二氟苯甲醚、2,3,5,6-四氟苯甲醚和2,3,4,5,6-五氟苯甲醚。乙二醇单-4,4,5,5,5-五氟戊基醚和四乙二醇五氟乙基醚是优选的。
适用于制备本发明的催化剂的含氟醛和酮包括,但不限于,含1-30个碳原子,饱和或不饱和的,直链或支链的,非环状或环状的,脂肪族或芳族的醛和酮,例如三氟乙醛、氟代丙酮、1,1,1-三氟丙酮、六氟丙酮、全氟-2-丁酮、全氟环戊酮、1,1,1-三氟-2,4-戊二酮和1,1,1,5,5,5-六氟-2,4-戊二酮。
适用于制备本发明的催化剂的含氟缩醛包括,但不限于含1-30个碳原子,饱和或不饱和的,直链或支链的,非环状或环状的,脂肪族或芳族的缩醛,其中的氟可以在羰基成分中和/或醇成分中,例如三氟-乙醛乙基半缩醛,三氟乙醛二甲基缩醛和六氟丙酮二甲基缩醛。
适用于制备本发明的催化剂的含氟羧酸酯包括,但不限于,含1-30个碳原子的一价或多价羧酸与含1-30个碳原子的一元或多元醇形成的,饱和或不饱和的,直链或支链的,非环状或环状的,脂肪族或芳族单酯,双酯,三酯或多酯,其中的氟可以在羧酸成分和/或醇成分中,例如甲基二氟乙酸酯、乙基二氟乙酸酯、甲基三氟乙酸酯、乙基氟代乙酸酯、乙基三氟乙酸酯、异丙基三氟乙酸酯、丁基三氟乙酸酯、2,2,2-三氟乙基三氟乙酸酯、甲基五氟丙酸酯、乙基五氟丙酸酯、2,2,2-三氟乙基丁酸酯、甲基七氟丁酸酯、乙基七氟丁酸酯、甲基十五氟辛酸酯、甲基十九氟癸酸酯、二乙基氟代丙二酸酯、双(2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7-十二氟庚基)樟脑酸酯、甘油三全氟辛酸酯、甘油全氟十二酸酯、1-(三氟甲基)乙烯基乙酸酯、2,2,2-三氟乙基丙烯酸酯、2,2,3,3-四氟丙基丙烯酸酯、1,1,1,3,3,3-六氟异丙基丙烯酸酯、2,2,2-三氟乙甲基基丙烯酸酯、2,2,3,3-四氟丙基甲基丙烯酸酯、1,1,1,3,3,3-六氟异丙基甲基丙烯酸酯、2,2,3,4,4,4-六氟丁基甲基丙烯酸酯、乙基-4,4,4-三氟巴豆酸酯、乙烯基三氟乙酸酯、烯丙基三氟乙酸酯、乙基-4,4,4-三氟-3-羟基丁酸酯和脱水山梨醇三氟乙酸酯。甘油三全氟辛酸酯、甘油全氟十二酸酯和2,2,3,4,4,4-六氟丁基甲基丙烯酸酯是优选的。
任选地被氟取代的聚(亚烷基)二醇或聚(亚烷基)二醇醚,优选分子量为200-1,0000克/摩尔,优选为300-9,000克/摩尔,特别优选400-8,000克/摩尔的聚丙二醇,聚乙二醇,聚(氧化丙烯-氧化乙烯)二醇和聚(四亚甲基)二醇或由它们形成的醚也适合用作所述的醇成分。
适用于制备本发明的催化剂的含氟羧酰胺包括,但不限于,由一价或多价羧酸与一价或多价的胺形成的饱和或不饱和的,直链或支链的,非环状或环状的,脂肪族或芳族的酰胺,其中的氟可以在羧酸成分中和/或胺成分中,如2-氟乙酰胺、2,2,2-三氟乙酰胺、2-氯-2,2-二氟乙酰胺、N-甲基-2,2,2-三氟乙酰胺、N-甲基-双(三氟乙酰胺)、N-(2-羟乙基)-2,2,2-三氟乙酰胺、N,N-二乙基-2,2,2-三氟乙酰胺、N-环戊基-2,2,2-三氟乙酰胺、三氟甲基氨基甲酸酯、1-甲基-2,2,3,3-四氟丙基氨基甲酸酯、3-三氟甲基-2-噁唑烷酮、1-三氟甲基吡咯烷酮、1-五氟乙基吡咯烷酮和1-三氟甲基己内酰胺。
适用于制备本发明的催化剂的含氟羧酸腈包括,但不限于含1-30个碳原子的,饱和或不饱和的,直链或支链的,非环状或环状的,脂肪族或芳族腈,如氟乙腈、五氟丙腈、七氟丁腈和2,2,3,3-四氟环丁烷羧酸腈。
适用于制备本发明的催化剂的含氟磷化合物包括,但不限于,含氟的有机磷酸酯、亚磷酸酯、膦酸酯、亚膦酸酯、次膦酸酯和三价膦酸酯(phosphinite)。
适用的有机磷酸酯包括,但不限于含1-30个碳原子的氟取代醇的磷酸单酯,双酯,三酯或四酯和多磷酸单酯,双酯,三酯,四酯或多酯,例如二异丙基氟代磷酸酯和三(1-氟丁基)磷酸酯。
适用的有机亚磷酸酯包括,但不限于,亚磷酸和含1-30个碳原子的氟取代醇的含氟单酯,双酯或三酯,例如三(2,2,2-三氟乙基)亚磷酸酯、三(1,1,1,3,3,3-六氟-2-丙基)亚磷酸酯和双(2,2,2-三氟乙基)亚磷酸酯。
适合用作含氟配体c)的有机膦酸酯包括,但不限于,含1-30个碳原子的氟代醇与膦酸、烷基膦酸、芳基膦酸、氟代烷基膦酸、氟代芳基膦酸、烷氧基羰基烷基膦酸、烷氧基羰基膦酸、烷氧基羰基氟代烷基膦酸、氟代烷氧基羰基氟代烷基膦酸、氟代烷氧基羰基膦酸、氰烷基膦酸、氰基氟代烷基膦酸和氰基膦酸的单酯或双酯或含1-30个碳原子的氟代醇与烷基二膦酸和氟代烷基二膦酸的单酯,双酯,三酯或四酯,例如二乙基(二氟甲基)膦酸酯、二乙基(三氟甲基)膦酸酯、双(2,2,2-三氟乙基)甲基膦酸酯、(三乙基-2-氟-2-二氧磷基丙酮、双(2,2,2-三氟乙基)(甲氧基羰基甲基)膦酸酯和二乙基(2,2,2-三氟-1-羟乙基)膦酸酯。
亚膦酸、烷基亚膦酸、氟代烷基亚膦酸、芳基亚膦酸或氟代芳基亚膦酸与含1-30个碳原子的氟代醇形成的含氟双酯也适合用作含氟配体c)。
适合用作含氟配体c)的次膦酸酯包括,但不限于,次膦酸、烷基次膦酸、氟代烷基次膦酸、二烷基次膦酸、二氟代烷基次膦酸、芳基次膦酸或氟代芳基次膦酸与含1-30个碳原子的氟取代醇形成的含氟酯化合物。
适合用作含氟配体c)的三价膦酸酯包括,但不限于,烷基三价膦酸、氟代烷基三价膦酸、二烷基三价膦酸、二氟代烷基三价膦酸、芳基三价膦酸或氟代芳基三价膦酸与含1-30个碳原子的氟取代醇形成的含氟酯化合物。
适合用作醇成分的是含1-30个碳原子,优选1-24个碳原子,更优选1-20个碳原子的部分氟化或全氟化的单羟基或多羟基芳基、芳烷基、烷氧基烷基和烷基醇,优选芳烷基、烷氧基烷基和烷基醇,更优选烷氧基和烷基醇。
用来制备本发明的催化剂的含氟有机磷酸酯、亚磷酸酯、膦酸酯、亚膦酸酯、次膦酸酯或三价膦酸酯通常这样获得:使磷酸、焦磷酸、多磷酸、膦酸、烷基膦酸、芳基膦酸、烷氧基羰基烷基膦酸、烷氧基羰基膦酸、氰烷基膦酸、氟代烷基膦酸、氟代芳基膦酸、氟代烷氧基羰基烷基膦酸、氟代烷氧基羰基膦酸、氰基氟代烷基膦酸、氰基膦酸、烷基二膦酸、亚膦酸、亚磷酸、次膦酸、三价膦酸,或它们的卤素衍生物或部分氟化或全氟化的氧化磷与含1-30个碳原子的羟基化合,例如下列化合物的氟衍生物进行反应:甲醇、乙醇、丙醇、丁醇、戊醇、己醇、2-乙基己醇、庚醇、辛醇、壬醇、癸醇、十二烷醇、十三烷醇、十四烷醇、十五烷醇、十六烷醇、十七烷醇、十八烷醇、十九烷醇、甲氧基甲醇、乙氧基甲醇、丙氧基甲醇、丁氧基甲醇、2-乙氧基乙醇、2-丙氧基乙醇、2-丁氧基乙醇、苯酚、羟基乙酸乙酯、羟基乙酸丙酯、羟基丙酸乙酯、羟基丙酸丙酯、1,2-乙二醇、1,2-丙二醇、1,2,3-三羟基丙烷、1,1,1-三羟甲基丙烷或季戊四醇。
适用的含氟官能化聚合物的实例包括,但不限于,下列聚合物的氟化衍生物:聚醚、聚酯、聚碳酸酯、聚(亚烷基)二醇脱水山梨醇酯、聚亚烷基二醇缩水甘油醚、聚丙烯酰胺、聚(丙烯酰胺-共-丙烯酸)、聚丙烯酸、聚(丙烯酸-共-马来酸)、聚丙烯腈、聚烷基丙烯酸酯、聚烷基甲基丙烯酸酯、聚乙烯基甲基醚、聚乙烯基乙基醚、聚醋酸乙烯酯、聚乙烯醇、聚-N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮、聚(N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮-共-丙烯酸)、聚乙烯基甲基酮、聚(4-乙烯基苯酚)、聚(丙烯酸-共-苯乙烯)、噁唑啉聚合物、聚亚烷基亚胺、马来酸共聚物或马来酸酐共聚物、羟乙基纤维素或聚缩醛。
优选使用的含氟官能化聚合物包括,但不限于,部分或完全氟化的聚醚、聚酯、聚碳酸酯、聚(亚烷基)二醇脱水山梨醇酯和聚(亚烷基)二醇缩水甘油醚。更为优选使用部分或完全氟化的聚醚。
适用于制备本发明的催化剂的含氟聚醚衍生物包括,但不限于,羟基官能团为1-8,特别优选为1-3,数均分子量为150-107克/摩尔,特别优选为200-5×104克/摩尔的含氟聚醚多元醇以及它们的烷基、芳烷基、芳基、氟代烷基、氟代芳烷基或氟代芳基醚。通常它们这样获得:环氧化物在相应的含活性氢原子的起始物化合物存在下,配以碱,酸或配位催化(例如DMC催化)进行开环聚合。适用的聚醚多元醇包括,但不限于,聚(氧化全氟丙烯基)多元醇、聚(氧化全氟乙烯基)多元醇、环氧乙烷封端的聚(氧化全氟丙烯基)多元醇、混合的聚(氧化全氟乙烯基-氧化全氟丙烯基)多元醇、混合的全氟丙烯基-全氟甲醛多元醇、氟代环氧丁烷聚合物、氟代环氧丁烷与环氧乙烷和/或环氧丙烷的共聚物和聚(氧化全氟四亚甲基)二醇以及聚(氧化丙烯基)氟代烷基醚、聚(氧化丙烯基)氟代芳基醚、聚(氧化乙烯基)氟代烷基醚、聚(氧化乙烯基)氟代芳基醚、聚(氧化全氟丙烯基)烷基醚、聚(氧化全氟丙烯基)氟代烷基醚、聚(氧化全氟乙烯基)烷基醚、聚(氧化全氟乙烯基)氟代烷基醚、聚(氧化全氟乙烯基)芳基醚和聚(氧化全氟丙烯基)-全氟甲醛共聚物。
本发明的DMC催化剂含双金属氰化物化合物a)的量为20-90wt%,优选25-80wt%,其相对于成品催化剂的量计算,有机配体b)的含量为0.5-30wt%,优选1-25wt%,其相对于成品催化剂的量计算。本发明的DMC催化剂含有1-80wt%,优选1-40wt%,相对于成品催化剂量计算的至少一种含氟配体c)。在本发明的DMC催化剂中存在的双金属氰化物化合物和有机配体b)的量分别为这些值任意的组合,包括所述的端值。
催化剂组成的分析可以通过元素分析,热重量分析或配体的萃取移去接以重量分析测定的方法来进行。
本发明的催化剂可以是结晶的、部分结晶的或无定形的。结晶度的分析优选通过粉末X光衍射分析进行。
包含:
a)六氰合钴(III)酸锌,
b)叔丁醇和
c)至少一种含氟配体
的本发明的催化剂是优选的。
本发明的DMC催化剂可以优选在水溶液中,通过金属盐,特别是对应于式(I)的金属盐与金属氰化物盐,特别是对应于式(II)的,在不含氟原子的有机配体b)和一或多种含氟的配体c)存在下进行反应来制备。
金属盐(例如氯化锌,以化学计量过量地使用(相对于金属氰化物盐至少为50mol%))和金属氰化物盐(例如六氰合钴酸钾)的水溶液优选首先在有机配体b)(例如叔丁醇)和含氟配体c)存在下反应,其中形成一种悬浮液,其中包含双金属氰化物化合物a)(例如六氰合钴酸锌),水d),过量的金属盐e)和有机配体b)以及含氟配体c)。
有机配体b)和/或含氟配体c)可以优选存在于金属盐和/或金属氰化物盐的水溶液中,或可以直接加入双金属氰化物a)沉淀后得到的悬浮液中。经证实,将所述水溶液和有机配体b)和含氟配体c)在强力搅拌下混合是有利的。
可以通过已知的技术如离心或过滤将催化剂从悬浮液中分离。在一个优选实施方案中,可以接下来对经分离的催化剂用有机配体b)的水溶液进行洗涤(例如通过再悬浮接以过滤或离心方式的再分离)。例如,可以通过这个方式从本发明的催化剂中除去水溶性的副产物如氯化钾。
有机配体b)在洗涤用水溶液中的量优选为40-80wt%,相对于全溶液。向洗涤用水溶液中加入少量的一或多种含氟配体c)的混合物,优选相对于全溶液为0.5-5wt%,这样做也是有利的。
对催化剂进行一次以上的洗涤也是有利的。为了这个目的,例如可以重复第一个洗涤操作。然而,优选采用非水溶液进行另外的洗涤操作,例如,采用有机配体b)和一或多种含氟配体c)的混合物形成的混合物。
任选在研磨之后,将经洗涤的催化剂在20-100℃的温度下,0.1毫巴-标准压力(1013毫巴)的压力下进行干燥。
本发明还提供了本发明的DMC催化剂在聚醚型多元醇制备方法中的应用,该制备方法是通过烯化氧和含有活性氢原子的起始物化合物之间的聚加成反应来进行。
优选用环氧乙烷、环氧丙烷、环氧丁烷以及它们的混合物作所述的烯化氧。通过烷氧基化作用构建聚醚链,这可以例如只使用一种单体环氧化物来进行,或者也可以用2或3种不同的单体环氧化物,以无规或嵌段的方式,例如使用所谓的“环氧乙烷链端”,其中产生了一种具有末端聚环氧乙烷嵌段的聚醚。更详细资料参见“UllmannsEncyclopadie der industriellen Chemie”,卷A21,1992,P.670 etSeq.。
(数均)分子量为18-2,000且具有1-8个羟基的化合物优选用作含活性氢原子的起始物化合物。以下为列举的实例:乙二醇、二甘醇、三甘醇、1,2-丙二醇、1,4-丁二醇、1,6-己二醇、双酚A、三羟甲基丙烷、甘油、季戊四醇、山梨醇、蔗糖、降解淀粉或水。
这些含活性氢原子的起始物化合物可以如其所制备的形式使用,例如,通过常规的碱性催化,从前面提及的低分子量起始物来制备,成为(数均)分子量为200-2,000的低聚烷氧基化产物的形式,这样是有利的。
烯化氧与含有活性氢原子的起始物化合物之间的聚加成反应由本发明的催化剂进行催化,其在20-200℃,优选40-180℃,更优选50-150℃的温度下发生。该反应可以在0.0001-20巴的总压力下进行。聚加成反应可以无溶剂地进行或在惰性溶剂如甲苯和/或四氢呋喃中进行。溶剂的量为10-30wt%,相对于要制备的聚醚型多元醇的量计算。
选择催化剂的浓度使聚加成反应在给定的反应条件下能良好地得到控制。催化剂浓度为0.0005wt%-1wt%,优选0.001wt%-0.1wt%,更优选0.001-0.0025wt%,相对于要制备的聚醚型多元醇的量计算。催化剂的浓度可以是这些值的任意组合,包括所述的端值。
由本发明的方法制备的聚醚型多元醇的(数均)分子量为500-100,000克/摩尔,优选1,000-50,000克/摩尔,更优选2,000-20,000克/摩尔。
所述聚加成反应可以以连续或不连续的方式进行,例如以间歇式或半间歇式工艺。
由于其显著增加的活性,本发明的催化剂可以在极低浓度下使用(25ppm或更低,相对于要制备的聚醚型多元醇的量计算)。如果在本发明的催化剂存在下制备的聚醚型多元醇是用于生产聚氨酯(Kunststoffhandbuch,卷7,Polyurethane,第三版1993,25-32和57-67页),则可以省略从聚醚型多元醇中除去催化剂的步骤而不会损害获得的聚氨酯产品的质量。
本发明将藉以下实施例进一步说明,而非受其限制,其中所有的份数和百分数均按重量计,除非另有说明。
实施例
催化剂的制备
实施例1
用甘油三全氟辛酸酯制备DMC催化剂(催化剂A)
在强力搅拌下(24,000rpm),将41克(300毫摩尔)氯化锌在41毫升蒸馏水中的溶液加入到4克(12毫摩尔)六氰合钴酸钾在144毫升蒸馏水、21克叔丁醇和0.4克甘油三全氟辛酸酯的溶液中,将该批物料强力搅拌(24,000rpm)10分钟。过滤分离固体,与54克叔丁醇、27克蒸馏水和1.6克甘油三全氟辛酸酯的混合物一起搅拌(10,000rpm)10分钟,并再次过滤。最后与78克叔丁醇和0.7克甘油三全氟辛酸酯的混合物一起再搅拌(10,000rpm)10分钟。过滤后,将催化剂在高度真空下,于60℃干燥2小时。
干燥的粉状催化剂产量:3.4克
实施例2
用乙二醇单-4,4,5,5,5-五氟戊基醚制备DMC催化剂(催化剂B)
按照实施例1的方法,但是乙二醇单-4,4,5,5,5五氟戊基醚替代实施例1中的甘油三全氟辛酸酯使用。
干燥的粉状催化剂产量:2.5克
实施例3
用四乙二醇五氟乙基醚制备DMC催化剂(催化剂C)
按照实施例1的方法,但四乙二醇五氟乙基醚替代实施例1中的甘油三全氟辛酸酯使用。
干燥的粉状催化剂产量:2.6克
实施例4
用甲基丙烯酸-2,2,3,4,4,4-六氟丁基酯制备DMC催化剂(催化剂D)
按照实施例1的方法,但甲基丙烯酸-2,2,3,4,4,4-六氟丁基酯替代实施例1中的甘油三全氟辛酸酯使用。
干燥的粉状催化剂产量:1.2克
实施例5
用2-氟代乙氧基乙醇制备DMC催化剂(催化剂E)
按照实施例1的方法,但2-氟代乙氧基乙醇替代实施例1中的甘油三全氟辛酸酯使用。
干燥的粉状催化剂产量:2.3克
实施例6
用2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-八氟-1,6-己二醇制备DMC催化剂(催化剂F)
按照实施例1的方法,但2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-八氟-1,6-己二醇替代实施例1中的甘油三全氟辛酸酯使用。
干燥的粉状催化剂产量:3.4克
实施例7(对比)
用乙二醇单戊醚制备DMC催化剂(催化剂G)
在强力搅拌下(24,000rpm),将41克(300毫摩尔)氯化锌在41毫升蒸馏水中的溶液加入到4克(12毫摩尔)六氰合钴酸钾在144毫升蒸馏水、21克叔丁醇和0.4克乙二醇单戊醚的溶液中,将该批物料强力搅拌(24,000rpm)10分钟。过滤分离固体,与54克叔丁醇、27克蒸馏水和1.6克乙二醇单戊醚的混合物一起搅拌(10,000rpm)10分钟,并再次过滤。最后与78克叔丁醇和0.7克乙二醇单戊醚的混合物一起再搅拌(10,000rpm)10分钟。过滤后,将催化剂在高度真空下,于60℃干燥2小时。
干燥的粉状催化剂产量:1.7克
实施例8(对比)
用1,6-己二醇制备DMC催化剂(催化剂H)
按照实施例7(对比)的方法,但是1,6-己二醇替代实施例7中的乙二醇单戊基醚来使用。
干燥的粉状催化剂产量:2.6克
聚醚型多元醇的制备
通用方法
将50克聚丙二醇起始物(分子量=1,000克/摩尔)和5毫克催化剂(25ppm,相对于要制备的聚醚型多元醇的量计算)在保护气(氩气)保护下加入500毫升的压力反应器中并在搅拌下加热至105℃。立即将(约5克)环氧丙烷全部地分散直至总压力升至2.5巴。只有当在反应器中观测到加速的压降时再将另外的环氧丙烷分散进反应器。所述加速的压降显示着催化剂的活化。在恒定的2.5巴总压下,将剩余的环氧丙烷(145克)持续地分散进来。在环氧丙烷分散完毕并在105℃下反应后的2小时之后,在90℃(1毫巴)下蒸馏掉挥发性组分,并将反应混合物冷却至室温。
获得的聚醚型多元醇通过测定其OH值、双键含量和粘度来表征。
用时间-活性曲线(环氧丙烷消耗量[克]Vs.反应时间[分钟])来描绘反应过程。诱导时间由时间-活性曲线上最陡的点的正切与曲线基线延长线的交点确定。决定催化剂活性的丙氧基化时间由催化剂活化(诱导期结束)和环氧丙烷分散终止之间的时间段来决定。
实施例9
用催化剂A(25ppm)制备聚醚型多元醇
丙氧基化时间: | 41分钟 | |
聚醚型多元醇: | OH值(毫克KOH/克): | 29.7 |
双键含量(毫摩尔/千克): | 7 | |
25℃的粘度(毫帕): | 915 |
实施例10
用催化剂B(25ppm)制备聚醚型多元醇
丙氧基化时间: | 17分钟 | |
聚醚型多元醇: | OH值(毫克KOH/克): | 29.7 |
双键含量(毫摩尔/千克): | 7 | |
25℃的粘度(毫帕): | 980 |
实施例11
用催化剂C(25ppm)制备聚醚型多元醇
丙氧基化时间: | 14分钟 | |
聚醚型多元醇: | OH值(毫克KOH/克): | 30.1 |
双键含量(毫摩尔/千克): | 5 | |
25℃的粘度(毫帕): | 834 |
实施例12
用催化剂D(25ppm)制备聚醚型多元醇
丙氧基化时间: | 30分钟 | |
聚醚型多元醇: | OH值(毫克KOH/克): | 29.1 |
双键含量(毫摩尔/千克): | 7 | |
25℃的粘度(毫帕): | 1000 |
实施例13
用催化剂E(25ppm)制备聚醚型多元醇
丙氧基化时间: | 31分钟 | |
聚醚型多元醇: | OH值(毫克KOH/克): | 30.3 |
双键含量(毫摩尔/千克): | 7 | |
25℃的粘度(毫帕): | 986 |
实施例14
用催化剂F(25ppm)制备聚醚型多元醇
丙氧基化时间: | 18分钟 | |
聚醚型多元醇: | OH值(毫克KOH/克): | 29.5 |
双键含量(毫摩尔/千克): | 7 | |
25℃的粘度(毫帕): | 855 |
实施例15(对比)
用催化剂G(25ppm)制备聚醚型多元醇
丙氧基化时间: | 20分钟 | |
聚醚型多元醇: | OH值(毫克KOH/克): | 29.9 |
双键含量(毫摩尔/千克): | 9 | |
25℃的粘度(毫帕): | 812 |
实施例16(对比)
用催化剂H(25ppm)制备聚醚型多元醇
丙氧基化时间: | 31分钟 | |
聚醚型多元醇: | OH值(毫克KOH/克): | 30.0 |
双键含量(毫摩尔/千克): | 5 | |
25℃的粘度(毫帕): | 1049 |
虽然前面已经为了说明的目的详细描述了本发明,但应理解为这些细节只是为了该目的,本领域技术人员可以由此作出各种改变而不会背离本发明的精神和范围,除了要受到权利要求的限制。
Claims (8)
1.一种双金属氰化物(DMC)催化剂,其包含:
至少一种双金属氰化物化合物;
至少一种不含氟原子的有机配体;和
至少一种含氟配体。
2.权利要求1的双金属氰化物(DMC)催化剂,还包含水和/或至少一种水溶性金属盐。
3.权利要求1的双金属氰化物(DMC)催化剂,其中的双金属氰化物化合物包含六氰合钴酸(III)锌。
4.权利要求1的双金属氰化物(DMC)催化剂,其中的有机配体包含叔丁醇。
5.权利要求1的双金属氰化物(DMC)催化剂,其中的催化剂包含约1-约80wt%的一或多种含氟配体。
6.一种制备DMC催化剂的方法,包括以下步骤:
通过在水溶液中使至少一种金属盐与至少一种金属氰化物盐,至少一种不含氟原子的有机配体和一或多种含氟配体反应来形成一种催化剂;
分离该催化剂;
洗涤该催化剂;并
任选干燥该催化剂。
7.在通过烯化氧和含活性氢原子的起始物化合物之间的聚加成反应制备聚醚型多元醇的方法中,所做的改进包括在一或多种权利要求1的DMC催化剂的存在下进行该聚加成。
8.通过权利要求7的方法制备的聚醚型多元醇。
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DE10235130.9 | 2002-08-01 | ||
DE10235130A DE10235130A1 (de) | 2002-08-01 | 2002-08-01 | Doppelmetallcyanid-Katalysatoren für die Herstellung von Polyetherpolyolen |
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US (1) | US6852664B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1386662A1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2004160446A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR101002887B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1280336C (zh) |
BR (1) | BR0302487A (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2436394A1 (zh) |
DE (1) | DE10235130A1 (zh) |
MX (1) | MXPA03006798A (zh) |
PL (1) | PL361520A1 (zh) |
RU (1) | RU2003126303A (zh) |
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CN103923309A (zh) * | 2014-03-27 | 2014-07-16 | 上海应用技术学院 | 一种双金属氰化物络合物催化剂的制备方法 |
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ES2400709T3 (es) * | 2002-11-07 | 2013-04-11 | Dow Global Technologies Inc. | Método para preparar catalizadores de cianuro metálico usando agentes complejantes polimerizables |
US7300993B2 (en) * | 2004-06-03 | 2007-11-27 | Shell Oil Company | Process for the preparation of polyether polyols |
KR101541188B1 (ko) | 2008-11-06 | 2015-08-03 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 폴리우레탄 발포체 조성물 및 이를 사용하여 제조된 폴리우레탄 발포체 |
JP6208655B2 (ja) * | 2011-04-04 | 2017-10-04 | ヘンケル・アクチェンゲゼルシャフト・ウント・コムパニー・コマンディットゲゼルシャフト・アウフ・アクチェンHenkel AG & Co. KGaA | エポキシドを重合するためおよびエポキシドと二酸化炭素を共重合するための触媒 |
KR101342899B1 (ko) | 2012-03-16 | 2013-12-18 | 부산대학교 산학협력단 | 새로운 유기 착화물제를 이용하여 합성한 이중금속 시안염 촉매 또는 다중금속 시안염 촉매를 이용한 에폭시계 단량체의 개환 중합에 의한 폴리올 제조 |
EP2703426A1 (de) * | 2012-08-27 | 2014-03-05 | Bayer MaterialScience AG | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polyethercarbonatpolyolen |
AU2018346935A1 (en) | 2017-10-10 | 2020-04-16 | Stepan Company | Polymeric dispersants from aralkylated phenols |
KR20240137722A (ko) | 2017-10-10 | 2024-09-20 | 스테판 컴파니 | 페닐 글리시딜 에테르로부터의 중합체 분산제 |
BR112020005370A2 (pt) * | 2017-10-27 | 2020-09-24 | Huntsman International Llc | método para a produção de compostos de oxazolidinona, e, uso de compostos. |
US11820861B2 (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2023-11-21 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Polyether polymerization process |
US20220177403A1 (en) | 2019-03-08 | 2022-06-09 | Stepan Company | Reactive surfactants |
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US5290912A (en) | 1990-05-11 | 1994-03-01 | Asahi Glass Company Ltd. | Process for producing a polyoxyalkylene compound |
JP2653236B2 (ja) | 1990-10-05 | 1997-09-17 | 旭硝子株式会社 | ポリエーテル化合物の製造方法 |
US5470813A (en) * | 1993-11-23 | 1995-11-28 | Arco Chemical Technology, L.P. | Double metal cyanide complex catalysts |
US5712216A (en) * | 1995-05-15 | 1998-01-27 | Arco Chemical Technology, L.P. | Highly active double metal cyanide complex catalysts |
US5482908A (en) * | 1994-09-08 | 1996-01-09 | Arco Chemical Technology, L.P. | Highly active double metal cyanide catalysts |
US5545601A (en) * | 1995-08-22 | 1996-08-13 | Arco Chemical Technology, L.P. | Polyether-containing double metal cyanide catalysts |
US5627120A (en) * | 1996-04-19 | 1997-05-06 | Arco Chemical Technology, L.P. | Highly active double metal cyanide catalysts |
US6028230A (en) * | 1998-06-05 | 2000-02-22 | Arco Chemical Technology, L.P. | Epoxide polymerization process |
WO2001004179A1 (en) * | 1999-07-09 | 2001-01-18 | The Dow Chemical Company | Polymerization of alkylene oxides onto functionalized initiators |
AR024682A1 (es) | 1999-07-09 | 2002-10-23 | Dow Chemical Co | Metodo para la preparacion de catalizadores de cianuro de metal mediante el uso de acidos policarboxilicos, y un proceso para polimerizar oxidos dealquileno. |
DE19953546A1 (de) * | 1999-11-08 | 2001-05-10 | Bayer Ag | Doppelmetallcyanid-Katalysatoren für die Herstellung von Polyetherpolyolen |
US6503995B2 (en) * | 2000-04-12 | 2003-01-07 | Kaneka Corporation | Method of producing crosslinkable silyl group-containing polyoxyalkylene polymers |
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- 2003-07-30 MX MXPA03006798A patent/MXPA03006798A/es unknown
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CN103923309A (zh) * | 2014-03-27 | 2014-07-16 | 上海应用技术学院 | 一种双金属氰化物络合物催化剂的制备方法 |
CN103923309B (zh) * | 2014-03-27 | 2016-03-23 | 上海应用技术学院 | 一种双金属氰化物络合物催化剂的制备方法 |
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EP1386662A1 (de) | 2004-02-04 |
PL361520A1 (en) | 2004-02-09 |
DE10235130A1 (de) | 2004-02-19 |
US20040092389A1 (en) | 2004-05-13 |
MXPA03006798A (es) | 2004-05-05 |
JP2004160446A (ja) | 2004-06-10 |
US6852664B2 (en) | 2005-02-08 |
KR20040012556A (ko) | 2004-02-11 |
RU2003126303A (ru) | 2005-02-27 |
BR0302487A (pt) | 2004-08-24 |
CA2436394A1 (en) | 2004-02-01 |
KR101002887B1 (ko) | 2010-12-21 |
CN1280336C (zh) | 2006-10-18 |
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