CN1289194C - 用于制备聚醚多元醇的双金属氰化物催化剂 - Google Patents

用于制备聚醚多元醇的双金属氰化物催化剂 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN1289194C
CN1289194C CNB028166876A CN02816687A CN1289194C CN 1289194 C CN1289194 C CN 1289194C CN B028166876 A CNB028166876 A CN B028166876A CN 02816687 A CN02816687 A CN 02816687A CN 1289194 C CN1289194 C CN 1289194C
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
weight
dmc catalysts
catalyst
metal cyanide
ethohexadiol
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
CNB028166876A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CN1547505A (zh
Inventor
W·谢菲尔
J·霍夫曼
P·奥姆斯
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Covestro Deutschland AG
Original Assignee
Bayer MaterialScience AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bayer MaterialScience AG filed Critical Bayer MaterialScience AG
Publication of CN1547505A publication Critical patent/CN1547505A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN1289194C publication Critical patent/CN1289194C/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J31/00Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
    • B01J31/16Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
    • B01J31/18Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes containing nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony as complexing atoms, e.g. in pyridine ligands, or in resonance therewith, e.g. in isocyanide ligands C=N-R or as complexed central atoms
    • B01J31/1805Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes containing nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony as complexing atoms, e.g. in pyridine ligands, or in resonance therewith, e.g. in isocyanide ligands C=N-R or as complexed central atoms the ligands containing nitrogen
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J21/00Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
    • B01J21/06Silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
    • B01J21/08Silica
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J27/00Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
    • B01J27/24Nitrogen compounds
    • B01J27/26Cyanides
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J29/00Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
    • B01J29/04Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
    • B01J29/049Pillared clays
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J31/00Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
    • B01J31/16Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
    • B01J31/22Organic complexes
    • B01J31/2204Organic complexes the ligands containing oxygen or sulfur as complexing atoms
    • B01J31/2208Oxygen, e.g. acetylacetonates
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J31/00Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
    • B01J31/16Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
    • B01J31/22Organic complexes
    • B01J31/2204Organic complexes the ligands containing oxygen or sulfur as complexing atoms
    • B01J31/2208Oxygen, e.g. acetylacetonates
    • B01J31/2226Anionic ligands, i.e. the overall ligand carries at least one formal negative charge
    • B01J31/223At least two oxygen atoms present in one at least bidentate or bridging ligand
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J31/00Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
    • B01J31/26Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing in addition, inorganic metal compounds not provided for in groups B01J31/02 - B01J31/24
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J31/00Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
    • B01J31/26Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing in addition, inorganic metal compounds not provided for in groups B01J31/02 - B01J31/24
    • B01J31/28Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing in addition, inorganic metal compounds not provided for in groups B01J31/02 - B01J31/24 of the platinum group metals, iron group metals or copper
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/60Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
    • B01J35/61Surface area
    • B01J35/615100-500 m2/g
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G65/00Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G65/02Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring
    • C08G65/26Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers and other compounds
    • C08G65/2642Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers and other compounds characterised by the catalyst used
    • C08G65/2645Metals or compounds thereof, e.g. salts
    • C08G65/2663Metal cyanide catalysts, i.e. DMC's
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2231/00Catalytic reactions performed with catalysts classified in B01J31/00
    • B01J2231/10Polymerisation reactions involving at least dual use catalysts, e.g. for both oligomerisation and polymerisation
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2531/00Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
    • B01J2531/02Compositional aspects of complexes used, e.g. polynuclearity
    • B01J2531/0238Complexes comprising multidentate ligands, i.e. more than 2 ionic or coordinative bonds from the central metal to the ligand, the latter having at least two donor atoms, e.g. N, O, S, P
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2531/00Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
    • B01J2531/20Complexes comprising metals of Group II (IIA or IIB) as the central metal
    • B01J2531/26Zinc
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2531/00Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
    • B01J2531/60Complexes comprising metals of Group VI (VIA or VIB) as the central metal
    • B01J2531/62Chromium
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2531/00Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
    • B01J2531/80Complexes comprising metals of Group VIII as the central metal
    • B01J2531/82Metals of the platinum group
    • B01J2531/827Iridium
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2531/00Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
    • B01J2531/80Complexes comprising metals of Group VIII as the central metal
    • B01J2531/84Metals of the iron group
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2531/00Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
    • B01J2531/80Complexes comprising metals of Group VIII as the central metal
    • B01J2531/84Metals of the iron group
    • B01J2531/845Cobalt

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Polyethers (AREA)
  • Polyesters Or Polycarbonates (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及用于通过烯化氧的在包含活性氢原子的起始物上的加成聚合来制造聚醚多元醇的新的双金属氰化物(DMC)催化剂,其中该催化剂包含:a)双金属氰化物化合物,b)有机配位体,和c)环多元醇。在聚醚多元醇的生产中,本发明的催化剂具有显著提高的活性。

Description

用于制备聚醚多元醇的双金属氰化物催化剂
本发明涉及用于通过烯化氧在具有活性氢原子的起始化合物上进行加聚来制备聚醚多元醇的新的双金属氰化物(DMC)催化剂。
用于烯化氧在具有活性氢原子的起始化合物上加聚的双金属氰化物(DMC)催化剂是已知的(参见,例如,US-A 3404109,US-A 3829505,US-A 3941849和US-A 5158922)。与传统的用碱性催化剂如碱金属氢氧化物的方法相比,在聚醚多元醇的制备中应用这些DMC催化剂特别地导致了具有末端双键的单官能聚醚,即所谓单醇(Monoolen)的含量下降。这样得到的聚醚多元醇可以被加工来生产高级聚氨酯(例如弹性材料、泡沫、涂料等)。DMC催化剂一般是通过将一种金属盐的水溶液与一种金属氰化物的水溶液在有机配位体,如醚存在下反应而得到的。例如,在一个典型的催化剂制备中,将氯化锌(过量)的水溶液与六氰合钴酸钾相混合,接着将二甲氧基乙烷(甘醇二甲醚(Glyme))加到所形成的悬浮液中。在过滤催化剂和用甘醇二甲醚的水溶液洗涤后,得到对应于通式
Zn3[Co(CN)6]2xZnCl2yH2OzGlyme的活性催化剂(请参见,例如,EP-A 700 949)。
JP-A 4145123,US-A 5470813,EP-A 700949,EP-A 743093,EP-A761708和WO 97/40086公开了DMC催化剂,其通过应用叔丁醇作为有机配位体(单独或与聚醚联合(EP-A 700 949,EP-A 761 708,WO97/40086)),在聚醚多元醇的制备中导致了具有末端双键的单官能聚醚含量的进一步下降。此外,通过采用这些DMC催化剂,缩短了烯化氧对于相应起始化合物的加聚反应的诱导时间,并且使催化剂的活性提高了。
现已发现,在聚醚多元醇的制备中,包含环多元醇作为配位体的DMC催化剂具有非常高的活性。
因此本发明提供了一种双金属氰化物(DMC)催化剂,它包含:
a)至少一种双金属氰化物化合物,
b)至少一种不是环多元醇的有机配位体,和
c)至少一种环多元醇。
本发明的催化剂可以任选包含d)水,优选从1到10重量%,和/或e)源于双金属氰化物a)的制备中的式(I)M(X)n的一种或多种水溶性金属盐,优选从5到25重量%。在式(I)中,M选自金属Zn(II)、Fe(II)、Ni(II)、Mn(II)、Co(II)、Sn(II)、Pb(II)、Fe(III)、Mo(IV)、Mo(VI)、Al(III)、V(V)、V(IV)、Sr(II)、W(IV)、W(VI)、Cu(II)和Cr(III)。Zn(II)、Fe(II)、Co(II)和Ni(II)是特别优选的。阴离子X是相同或不同的,优选为相同的,并且优选选自卤离子、氢氧根、硫酸根、碳酸根、氰酸根、硫氰酸根、异氰酸根、异硫氰酸根、羧酸根、草酸根或硝酸根。n的值为1、2或3。
在本发明催化剂中包含的双金属氰化物化合物a)是水溶性金属盐与水溶性金属氰化物盐的反应产物。
适合于双金属氰化物化合物a)的制备的水溶性金属盐优选具有通式(I)M(X)n,其中,M选自金属Zn(II)、Fe(II)、Ni(II)、Mn(II)、Co(II)、Sn(II)、Pb(II)、Fe(III)、Mo(IV)、Mo(VI)、Al(III)、V(V)、V(IV)、Sr(II)、W(IV)、W(VI)、Cu(II)和Cr(III)。Zn(II)、Fe(II)、Co(II)和Ni(II)是特别优选的。阴离子X为相同的或不同的,优选为相同的,并且优选选自卤离子、氢氧根、硫酸根、碳酸根、氰酸根、硫氰酸根、异氰酸根、异硫氰酸根、羧酸根、草酸根或硝酸根。n的值为1、2或3。
适合的水溶性金属盐的例子为氯化锌、溴化锌、醋酸锌、乙酰丙酮锌、苯甲酸锌、硝酸锌、硫酸亚铁(II)、溴化亚铁(II)、氯化亚铁(II)、氯化钴(II)、硫氰酸钴(II)、氯化镍(II)和硝酸镍(II)。也可以采用多种水溶性金属盐的混合物。
适合于制备双金属氰化物a)的水溶性金属氰化物盐优选具有通式(II)(Y)aM′(CN)b(A)c,其中,M’选自金属Fe(II)、Fe(III)、Co(II)、Co(III)、Cr(II)、Cr(III)、Mn(II)、Mn(III)、Ir(III)、Ni(II)、Rh(III)、Ru(II)、V(IV)和V(V)。M’特别优选选自金属Co(II)、Co(III)、Fe(II)、Fe(III)、Cr(III)、Ir(III)和Ni(II)。该水溶性金属氰化物盐可以包含这些金属中的一种或几种。阳离子Y为相同的或不同的,优选为相同的,且选自碱金属离子和碱土金属离子。阴离子A为相同的或不同的,优选为相同的,且选自卤离子、氢氧根、硫酸根、碳酸根、氰酸根、硫氰酸根、异氰酸根、异硫氰酸根、羧酸根、草酸根或硝酸根。a、b和c都为整数,选取a、b和c的值以使金属氰化物盐为电中性;a优选为1、2、3或4;b优选为4、5或6;c优选为0。适合的水溶性金属氰化物盐的例子为六氰合钴(III)酸钾、六氰合铁(II)酸钾、六氰合铁(III)酸钾、六氰合钴(III)酸钙和六氰合钴(III)酸锂。
包含于本发明的催化剂中的优选的双金属氰化物化合物a)为对应于通式(III)的化合物,
        Mx[M’x,(CN)y]z
其中M如在式(I)中所定义,并且
M’如在式(II)所定义,并且
x、x′、y和z为整数并且如此选取以使该双金属氰化物化合物为电中性。
优选,
x=3,x’=1,y=6且z=2,
M=Zn(II)、Fe(II)、Co(II)或Ni(II),且
M’=Co(III)、Fe(III)、Cr(III)或Ir(III)。
适合的双金属氰化物化合物a)的例子有六氰合钴(III)酸锌、六氰合铱(III)酸锌、六氰合铁(III)酸锌和六氰合钴(III)酸钴(II)。适合物双金属氰化物化合物进一步的例子可在例如US-A 5158922中找到。特别优选应用六氰合钴(III)酸锌。
在本发明的DMC催化剂中包含的有机配位体b)原则上是已知的,并且已被现有技术所详细描述(例如在US-A 5158922、US-A 3404109、US-A 3829505、US-A 3941849、EP-A 700949、EP-A 761708、JP-A4145123、US-A 5470813、EP-A 743093和WO 97/40086中)。优选的有机配位体为具有杂原子,如氧、氮、磷或硫的水溶性有机化合物,其能够与双金属氰化物化合物a)形成配合物。适合的有机配位体为,例如,醇、醛、酮、醚、酯、氨化物(Amide)、脲、腈、硫化物及其混合物。优选的有机配位体为水溶性脂肪醇,如乙醇、异丙醇、正丁醇、异丁醇、仲丁醇和叔丁醇。叔丁醇是特别优选的。
适合的环多元醇c)中每个分子具有至少两个羟基,优选每个分子具有2到4个OH基团,在分子中碳原子与OH基团的数量比优选不超过4。这些多元醇可以具有芳香环或脂肪环结构;优选使用脂环族多元醇。这些多元醇优选具有6到20个碳原子,环中的碳原子数优选至少为8。优选使用的环多元醇的例子是1,2-环辛二醇和1,5-环辛二醇。
本发明的DMC催化剂相对于成品催化剂的量,包含20-90重量%,优选25-80重量%的双金属氰化物化合物a),且有机配位体b)的量为0.5-30,优选1-25重量%,相对于成品催化剂的量。本发明的DMC催化剂一般包含1-80重量%,优选1-40重量%的至少一种环多元醇c),相对于成品催化剂的量。
催化剂组合物的分析一般地通过如下方法进行:元素分析、热重分析或提取性地移除离子表面活性或界面活性化合物成分,然后进行重量分析测定。
本发明的催化剂可以是结晶、半结晶或无定形的。一般通过粉末X射线衍射来对结晶度进行分析。
本发明优选的催化剂包括:
a)六氰合钴(III)酸锌,
b)叔丁醇和
c)环多元醇。
本发明的DMC催化剂一般地通过α)金属盐,特别是式(I)的金属盐,与金属氰化物盐,特别是式(II)的金属氰化物盐,β)有机配位体b),其不是环多元醇,和γ)至少一种环多元醇c)在水溶液中进行反应来制备。
在这种情况下,优选金属盐(例如按化学计量过量(按金属氰化物盐计至少过量50mol%)使用的氯化锌)和金属氰化物盐(例如六氰合钴酸钾)的水溶液首先在有机配位体b)(例如叔丁醇)的存在下反应,形成包含双金属氰化物化合物a)(例如六氰合钴酸锌)、水d)、过量的金属盐e)、和有机配位体b)的悬浮体。
对此,有机配位体b)可以存在于金属盐和/或金属氰化物盐的水溶液中,或其被直接加入到由双金属氰化物化合物a)沉淀而得到的悬浮体中。通常过量使用有机配位体。将水溶液与有机配位体b)在强力搅拌下混合被证明是有利的。形成的悬浮体一般随后用成分c)来处理。在这种情况下,成分c)优选在与水和有机配位体b)的混合物中被使用。
然后将催化剂通过已知的技术如离心或过滤从悬浮体中分离。在一个优选的实施方案变体中,用有机配位体b)的水溶液洗涤分离的催化剂(例如,通过再次悬浮,接着通过离心或过滤再次分离)。通过这种方式例如可从本发明的催化剂中除去水溶性副产物如氯化钾。
洗涤水溶液中的有机配位体b)的含量优选为20-80重量%,相对于总的溶液。此外,向洗涤水溶液中加入少量作为成分γ)的环多元醇c)是有利的,相对于总的溶液,优选为0.5-5重量%。
而且,对催化剂进行多于一次的洗涤也是有利的。为此,可以例如重复第一次洗涤操作。但是,优选使用非水溶液进行进一步的洗涤操作,例如有机配位体与被作为成分γ)使用的环多元醇c)的混合物。
经过洗涤的催化剂,任选在粉碎之后,在一般为20-100℃的温度下和一般为0.1mbar到常压(1013mbar)的压力下干燥。
本发明还提供了本发明的DMC催化剂在通过烯化氧在具有活性氢原子的起始物上进行加成聚合来制备聚醚多元醇的方法中的应用。
作为烯化氧可应用环氧乙烷、环氧丙烷、环氧丁烷及其混合物。通过烷氧基化,聚醚链的构建可以,例如,只用一种环氧化物单体或以随机或嵌段的方式用2或3种不同的环氧化物单体进行。更详细的信息可以在“Ullmanns Encyclopadie der industriellen Chemie”,Vol.A21,1992,670页起中找到。
具有18-2000的(数均)分子量和1-8个羟基的化合物优选被作为具有活性氢原子的起始化合物使用。例如可提及:乙二醇、二乙二醇、三乙二醇、1,2-丙二醇、1,4-丁二醇、六亚甲基二醇、双酚A、三羟甲基丙烷、丙三醇、季戊四醇、山梨醇、蔗糖、降解淀粉或水。
有利的是应用这样的具有活性氢原子的起始化合物,例如通过传统的碱催化由上述的低分子量起始物所制备的,并且为具有200-2000的(数均)分子量的低聚的烷氧基化产物。
由本发明的催化剂所催化的烯化氧在具有活性氢原子的起始化合物上的加成聚合一般是在20-200℃的温度下,优选在40-180℃的范围内,特别优选在50-150℃温度下进行。该反应可以在0.0001-20bar的总压下进行。加成聚合可以在无溶剂或在惰性有机溶剂如甲苯和/或THF中进行。相对于要制备的聚醚多元醇的量,溶剂的量一般为10-30重量%。
选择催化剂的浓度以在给定的反应条件下实现对加成聚合反应的良好控制。相对于所要制备的聚醚多元醇的量,催化剂的浓度一般地在0.0005重量%到1重量%范围内,优选在0.001重量%到0.1重量%范围内,特别优选在0.001到0.0025重量%范围内。
按本发明方法所制备的聚醚多元醇的(数均)分子量在500-100,000g/mol的范围内,优选在1,000-50,000g/mol范围内,特别优选在2,000-20,000g/mol范围内。
加成聚合可以以连续的或者非连续的方式进行,例如间歇或半间歇法。
由于其显著增加的活性,本发明的催化剂可在很低的浓度(25ppm和更少,相对于所要制备的聚醚多元醇的量)下使用。若在本发明的催化剂存在下制备的聚醚多元醇用于聚氨酯的制备(Kunststoffhandbuch,第7卷,Polyurethane,第3版,1993,第25-32和57-67页),可以省去从聚醚多元醇中去除催化剂,而不会对所得到的聚氨酯的产品质量有任何不利。
实施例
实施例1 用1,5-环辛二醇制备DMC催化剂
将7.4重量%的六氰合钴酸钾水溶液9ml,在强力搅拌下加入到11.8重量%的氯化锌水溶液15ml、13ml叔丁醇和0.4g 1,5-环辛二醇的混合物中。所形成的沉淀用10ml叔丁醇和30ml水的混合物洗涤,并过滤。接着向滤饼中加入20ml叔丁醇,并再次过滤。在过滤之后,将该催化剂在50℃下减压(10mbar)干燥至衡重。
元素分析、热重分析和提取:
钴=10.7重量%,锌=26.1重量%,叔丁醇=6.0重量%,1,5-环辛二醇=20.3重量%。
实施例2 用1,5-环辛二醇制备DMC催化剂
将7.4重量%的六氰合钴酸钾水溶液9ml,在强力搅拌下加入到11.8重量%的氯化锌水溶液15ml、13ml叔丁醇、4重量%的烟酸水溶液6.5ml和0.4g 1,5-环辛二醇的混合物中。所形成的沉淀用10ml叔丁醇和30ml水的混合物洗涤,并过滤。接着向滤饼中加入20ml叔丁醇,并再次过滤。在过滤之后,将该催化剂在50℃下减压(10mbar)干燥至衡重。
元素分析、热重分析和提取:
钴=12.4重量%,锌=31.6重量%,叔丁醇=5.9重量%,1,5-环辛二醇=6.0重量%。
实施例3 用1,2-环辛二醇制备DMC催化剂
将7.4重量%的六氰合钴酸钾水溶液9ml,在强力搅拌下加入到11.8重量%的氯化锌水溶液15ml、13ml叔丁醇、7重量%的乳酸水溶液6.5ml和0.4g 1,2-环辛二醇的混合物中。所形成的沉淀用10ml叔丁醇和30ml水的混合物洗涤,并过滤。接着向滤饼中加入20ml叔丁醇,并再次过滤。在过滤之后,将该催化剂在50℃下减压(10mbar)干燥至衡重。
元素分析、热重分析和提取:
钴=13.2重量%,锌=30.6重量%,叔丁醇=6.2重量%,1,2-环辛二醇=4.82重量%。
实施例4 用1,5-环辛二醇制备DMC催化剂
将1.84重量%的六氰合钴酸水溶液26.1ml,在强力搅拌下加入到6.6重量%的醋酸锌水溶液10ml、13ml叔丁醇和0.4g 1,5-环辛二醇的混合物中。再加入11.8重量%的氯化锌水溶液15ml。所形成的沉淀用10ml叔丁醇和30ml水的混合物洗涤,并过滤。接着向滤饼中加入20ml叔丁醇,并再次过滤。在过滤之后,将该催化剂在50℃下减压(10mbar)干燥至衡重。
元素分析、热重分析和提取:
钴=14.9重量%,锌=26.4重量%,叔丁醇=7.0重量%,1,5-环辛二醇=4.6重量%。
实施例5 用1,2-环辛二醇制备DMC催化剂
将1.84重量%的六氰合钴酸水溶液26.1ml,在强力搅拌下加入到6.6重量%的醋酸锌水溶液10ml、13ml叔丁醇、7重量%的乳酸水溶液3ml和0.4g 1,5-环辛二醇的混合物中。再加入11.8重量%的氯化锌水溶液15ml。所形成的沉淀用10ml叔丁醇和30ml水的混合物洗涤,并过滤。接着向滤饼中加入20ml叔丁醇,并再次过滤。在过滤之后,将该催化剂在50℃下减压(10mbar)干燥至衡重。
元素分析、热重分析和提取:
钴=14.9重量%,锌=28.0重量%,叔丁醇=7.0重量%,1,2-环辛二醇=3.2重量%。
对比例6 不用环多元醇制备DMC催化剂
将7.4重量%的六氰合钴酸钾水溶液9ml,在强力搅拌下加入到11.8重量%的氯化锌水溶液15ml和13ml叔丁醇的混合物中。所形成的沉淀用10ml叔丁醇和30ml水的混合物洗涤,并过滤。接着向滤饼中加入20ml叔丁醇,并再次过滤。在过滤之后,将该催化剂在50℃下减压(10mbar)干燥至衡重。
元素分析、热重分析和提取:
钴=15.7重量%,锌=27.8重量%,叔丁醇=7.9重量%。
聚醚多元醇的制备
通用方法
为了测定催化剂的活性,将50g起始物聚丙二醇(分子量=1000g/mol)和20mg催化剂在保护气(氩气)下引入500ml的压力反应器中并在搅拌下加热到130℃。
在30分钟内在2.5巴压力下计量加入最大值50g的环氧丙烷。30分钟后将反应混合物冷却至室温,并用氩气吹扫来除去环氧丙烷。
通过用GPC测定(重均)分子量的分布对产品进行表征。
得到的结果如下表所记录:
  催化剂实施例编号   Mw[g/mol]
  1   2140
  2   2200
  3   2200
  4   2190
  5   2180
  6(比较例)   1310

Claims (7)

1.双金属氰化物催化剂,包含
a)至少一种双金属氰化物化合物,
b)至少一种不是环多元醇的有机配位体,和
c)1,2-环辛二醇或1,5-环辛二醇。
2.权利要求1的双金属氰化物催化剂,还包含水和/或至少一种水溶性金属盐。
3.权利要求1的双金属氰化物催化剂,其中双金属氰化物化合物为六氰合钴(III)酸锌。
4.权利要求1的双金属氰化物催化剂,其中有机配位体为叔丁醇。
5.权利要求1的双金属氰化物催化剂,其中双金属氰化物催化剂中的1,2-环辛二醇或1,5-环辛二醇的存在量为双金属氰化物催化剂总重量的1-80重量%。
6.权利要求1的双金属氰化物催化剂的制备方法,包含如下步骤:
i)使
α)至少一种金属盐与至少一种金属氰化物盐,在
β)至少一种不是环多元醇的有机配位体,和
γ)1,2-环辛二醇或1,5-环辛二醇
存在下,在水溶液中进行反应,
ii)对步骤i)得到的催化剂进行分离、洗涤和干燥。
7.通过在权利要求1的双金属氰化物催化剂存在下烯化氧在具有活性氢原子的起始化合物上进行加成聚合来制备聚醚多元醇的方法。
CNB028166876A 2001-08-31 2002-08-19 用于制备聚醚多元醇的双金属氰化物催化剂 Expired - Fee Related CN1289194C (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10142747.6 2001-08-31
DE10142747A DE10142747A1 (de) 2001-08-31 2001-08-31 Doppelmetallcyanid-Katalysatoren für die Herstellung von Polyetherpolyolen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN1547505A CN1547505A (zh) 2004-11-17
CN1289194C true CN1289194C (zh) 2006-12-13

Family

ID=7697295

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CNB028166876A Expired - Fee Related CN1289194C (zh) 2001-08-31 2002-08-19 用于制备聚醚多元醇的双金属氰化物催化剂

Country Status (15)

Country Link
US (1) US6818587B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP1425098A1 (zh)
JP (1) JP2005509051A (zh)
KR (1) KR20040029087A (zh)
CN (1) CN1289194C (zh)
BR (1) BR0212074A (zh)
CA (1) CA2458529A1 (zh)
DE (1) DE10142747A1 (zh)
HK (1) HK1071093A1 (zh)
HU (1) HUP0401624A2 (zh)
MX (1) MXPA04001909A (zh)
PL (1) PL367455A1 (zh)
RU (1) RU2004109814A (zh)
TW (1) TW592815B (zh)
WO (1) WO2003020422A1 (zh)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2020062816A1 (zh) 2018-09-29 2020-04-02 杭州普力材料科技有限公司 一种混合酸改性的锌钴双金属氰化物催化剂及其制备方法

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1685180B1 (en) * 2003-10-10 2019-06-19 Shell International Research Maatschappij B.V. Process for the preparation of a polyether polyol
EP2241584B1 (en) * 2008-01-25 2012-03-21 Kaneka Corporation Process for producing polyalkylene oxide
KR101129344B1 (ko) 2009-08-18 2012-03-26 부산대학교 산학협력단 나노 크기 이중금속 혹은 다중금속 시안염 촉매 및 그 제조방법
CN103910865B (zh) * 2014-03-27 2017-02-01 上海应用技术学院 含有小分子聚醚多元醇的双金属氰化物催化剂及制备方法
EP4400212A1 (en) * 2021-09-08 2024-07-17 LG Chem, Ltd. Double metal cyanide catalyst, method for producing same, and method for preparing polyalkylene carbonate by using same catalyst
CN116848175A (zh) * 2021-09-29 2023-10-03 株式会社Lg化学 制备聚碳酸亚烷基酯树脂的方法

Family Cites Families (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1063525A (en) 1963-02-14 1967-03-30 Gen Tire & Rubber Co Organic cyclic oxide polymers, their preparation and tires prepared therefrom
US3829505A (en) 1970-02-24 1974-08-13 Gen Tire & Rubber Co Polyethers and method for making the same
US3941849A (en) 1972-07-07 1976-03-02 The General Tire & Rubber Company Polyethers and method for making the same
JP2653236B2 (ja) 1990-10-05 1997-09-17 旭硝子株式会社 ポリエーテル化合物の製造方法
US5158922A (en) 1992-02-04 1992-10-27 Arco Chemical Technology, L.P. Process for preparing metal cyanide complex catalyst
US5470813A (en) 1993-11-23 1995-11-28 Arco Chemical Technology, L.P. Double metal cyanide complex catalysts
US5712216A (en) 1995-05-15 1998-01-27 Arco Chemical Technology, L.P. Highly active double metal cyanide complex catalysts
US5482908A (en) 1994-09-08 1996-01-09 Arco Chemical Technology, L.P. Highly active double metal cyanide catalysts
US5670601A (en) * 1995-06-15 1997-09-23 Arco Chemical Technology, L.P. Polyurethane elastomers having improved green strength and demold time and polyoxyalkylene polyols suitable for their preparation
US5811829A (en) * 1995-08-10 1998-09-22 Arco Chemical Technology, L.P. Viscosity stable isocyanate-terminated prepolymers and polyoxyalkylene polyether polyols having improved storage stability
US5545601A (en) 1995-08-22 1996-08-13 Arco Chemical Technology, L.P. Polyether-containing double metal cyanide catalysts
US5767323A (en) * 1995-12-22 1998-06-16 Arco Chemical Technology, L.P. Process for preparing polyoxyalkylene polyether polyols having low levels of transition metals through double metal cyanide complex polyoxyalkylation
US5627120A (en) 1996-04-19 1997-05-06 Arco Chemical Technology, L.P. Highly active double metal cyanide catalysts
US5714428A (en) 1996-10-16 1998-02-03 Arco Chemical Technology, L.P. Double metal cyanide catalysts containing functionalized polymers
US6013596A (en) * 1998-05-18 2000-01-11 Arco Chemical Technology, L.P. Double metal cyanide catalysts containing cyclic, bidentate complexing agents
DE19842383A1 (de) * 1998-09-16 2000-03-23 Bayer Ag Doppelmetallcyanid-Katalysatoren für die Herstellung von Polyetherpolyolen
DE19906985A1 (de) * 1999-02-19 2000-08-31 Bayer Ag Doppelmetallcyanid-Katalysatoren für die Herstellung von Polyetherpolyolen

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2020062816A1 (zh) 2018-09-29 2020-04-02 杭州普力材料科技有限公司 一种混合酸改性的锌钴双金属氰化物催化剂及其制备方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PL367455A1 (en) 2005-02-21
BR0212074A (pt) 2004-09-28
HK1071093A1 (en) 2005-07-08
US6818587B2 (en) 2004-11-16
EP1425098A1 (de) 2004-06-09
HUP0401624A2 (hu) 2004-11-29
JP2005509051A (ja) 2005-04-07
TW592815B (en) 2004-06-21
RU2004109814A (ru) 2005-10-20
CN1547505A (zh) 2004-11-17
US20030050187A1 (en) 2003-03-13
KR20040029087A (ko) 2004-04-03
DE10142747A1 (de) 2003-03-20
WO2003020422A1 (de) 2003-03-13
MXPA04001909A (es) 2005-03-07
CA2458529A1 (en) 2003-03-13

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN1273217C (zh) 用于生产聚醚多元醇的晶态双金属氰化物催化剂
CN1142825C (zh) 制备聚醚多元醇的双金属氰化物催化剂
CN1104953C (zh) 含官能化聚合物的双金属氰化物催化剂
CN1137780C (zh) 制备聚醚多元醇用的改良双金属氰化物催化剂
CN1121273C (zh) 含环状二配位基络合剂的双金属氰化物催化剂
CN1086397C (zh) 双金属氰化物配位催化剂的制备方法
CN1134300C (zh) 用于制备聚醚多元醇的双金属氰化物催化剂
CN101225162A (zh) 用于制备聚醚多元醇的双金属氰化物催化剂
CN1289194C (zh) 用于制备聚醚多元醇的双金属氰化物催化剂
US6764978B2 (en) Multimetal cyanide compounds
CN1628905A (zh) 不饱和叔醇作为配体在活性dmc催化剂中的应用
CN1280336C (zh) 制备聚醚型多元醇用的双金属氰化物催化剂
CN1149128C (zh) 制备聚醚多元醇的双金属氰化物催化剂
CN1160396C (zh) 聚氧亚烷基二醇的制备
CN1129477C (zh) 制备聚醚多元醇用的双金属氰化物催化剂
CN1289569C (zh) 用于制备聚醚型多元醇的双金属氰化物催化剂
CN1275096A (zh) 制备聚醚多元醇的含聚酯的双金属氰化物催化剂
CN1261476C (zh) 聚氨酯的制备方法
JP2002524595A (ja) 酸化アルキレンの開環重合によるポリエーテルオールの製造方法
CN1765507A (zh) 一种氰化物络合物催化剂及其制备方法
KR20230044650A (ko) 이중금속 사아나이드 촉매
MXPA00003563A (en) Crystalline double metal cyanide catalysts for producing polyether polyols

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: HK

Ref legal event code: DE

Ref document number: 1071093

Country of ref document: HK

C14 Grant of patent or utility model
GR01 Patent grant
REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: HK

Ref legal event code: GR

Ref document number: 1071093

Country of ref document: HK

C17 Cessation of patent right
CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee

Granted publication date: 20061213

Termination date: 20100819