CN101225162A - 用于制备聚醚多元醇的双金属氰化物催化剂 - Google Patents
用于制备聚醚多元醇的双金属氰化物催化剂 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101225162A CN101225162A CNA2008100095608A CN200810009560A CN101225162A CN 101225162 A CN101225162 A CN 101225162A CN A2008100095608 A CNA2008100095608 A CN A2008100095608A CN 200810009560 A CN200810009560 A CN 200810009560A CN 101225162 A CN101225162 A CN 101225162A
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- Prior art keywords
- poly
- polyether glycol
- acid
- ether
- dmc catalyst
- Prior art date
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 title abstract 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000000536 complexating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 79
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 41
- -1 polyol carboxylic acid ester Chemical class 0.000 claims description 31
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tert-Butanol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)O DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000013495 cobalt Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc dication Chemical compound [Zn+2] PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- GYZLOYUZLJXAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglycidyl ether Chemical compound C1OC1COCC1CO1 GYZLOYUZLJXAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001515 polyalkylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012644 addition polymerization Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- IMSODMZESSGVBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Oxazoline Chemical compound C1CN=CO1 IMSODMZESSGVBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000858 Cyclodextrin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M Methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C([O-])=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001665 Poly-4-vinylphenol Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930182556 Polyacetal Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000000941 bile Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001733 carboxylic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- MOYKHGMNXAOIAT-JGWLITMVSA-N isosorbide dinitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)O[C@H]1CO[C@@H]2[C@H](O[N+](=O)[O-])CO[C@@H]21 MOYKHGMNXAOIAT-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960000201 isosorbide dinitrate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000191 poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone) Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002432 poly(vinyl methyl ether) polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
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- 229920006324 polyoxymethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006215 polyvinyl ketone Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- HFHDHCJBZVLPGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N schardinger α-dextrin Chemical compound O1C(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(O)C2O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC2C(O)C(O)C1OC2CO HFHDHCJBZVLPGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001289 polyvinyl ether Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003158 alcohol group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- NMCUIPGRVMDVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe]Cl NMCUIPGRVMDVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 123
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 7
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium Substances [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Substances [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical group C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 5
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- MEYVLGVRTYSQHI-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(2+) sulfate heptahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Co+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O MEYVLGVRTYSQHI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical group N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- JMANVNJQNLATNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxalonitrile Chemical compound N#CC#N JMANVNJQNLATNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 4
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 3
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl tert-butyl ether Chemical compound COC(C)(C)C BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SAANWJOSHMCEKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N N#CC#N.[Ni] Chemical compound N#CC#N.[Ni] SAANWJOSHMCEKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000220317 Rosa Species 0.000 description 2
- ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Thiocyanate anion Chemical compound [S-]C#N ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- LVVSDTZNNQOYBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N [K].[Ni].N#CC#N Chemical compound [K].[Ni].N#CC#N LVVSDTZNNQOYBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- PXKLMJQFEQBVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol F Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 PXKLMJQFEQBVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 2
- BTANRVKWQNVYAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-2-ol Chemical compound CCC(C)O BTANRVKWQNVYAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 2
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000002462 isocyano group Chemical group *[N+]#[C-] 0.000 description 2
- KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel(ii) nitrate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- YPJKMVATUPSWOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrooxidanyl Chemical compound [O][N+]([O-])=O YPJKMVATUPSWOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- AHHWIHXENZJRFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxetane Chemical group C1COC1 AHHWIHXENZJRFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MUJIDPITZJWBSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium(2+) Chemical compound [Pd+2] MUJIDPITZJWBSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000247 postprecipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNDYJBBGRKZCSX-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc bromide Chemical compound Br[Zn]Br VNDYJBBGRKZCSX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc nitrate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MEIRRNXMZYDVDW-MQQKCMAXSA-N (2E,4E)-2,4-hexadien-1-ol Chemical compound C\C=C\C=C\CO MEIRRNXMZYDVDW-MQQKCMAXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MNAHQWDCXOHBHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-phenylpropane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCC(O)(O)C1=CC=CC=C1 MNAHQWDCXOHBHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-AAKVHIHISA-N 2,3-bis[[(z)-12-hydroxyoctadec-9-enoyl]oxy]propyl (z)-12-hydroxyoctadec-9-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCC(O)C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CC(O)CCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CC(O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-AAKVHIHISA-N 0.000 description 1
- WAEVWDZKMBQDEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(2-methoxypropoxy)propoxy]propan-1-ol Chemical compound COC(C)COC(C)COC(C)CO WAEVWDZKMBQDEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000660443 Encyclops Species 0.000 description 1
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021575 Iron(II) bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical group [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical group [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006887 Ullmann reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZOIORXHNWRGPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;zinc Chemical compound [Zn].CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O ZOIORXHNWRGPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001413 alkali metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001420 alkaline earth metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002152 alkylating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical group [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005815 base catalysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- GVPFVAHMJGGAJG-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Co+2] GVPFVAHMJGGAJG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- INDBQWVYFLTCFF-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(2+);dithiocyanate Chemical compound [Co+2].[S-]C#N.[S-]C#N INDBQWVYFLTCFF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- AQEFLFZSWDEAIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N di-tert-butyl ether Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(C)(C)C AQEFLFZSWDEAIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropylene glycol Chemical compound OCCCOCCCO SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006253 efflorescence Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002195 fatty ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940046149 ferrous bromide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCO XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000027555 hydrotropism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GYCHYNMREWYSKH-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(ii) bromide Chemical compound [Fe+2].[Br-].[Br-] GYCHYNMREWYSKH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutanol Chemical compound CC(C)CO ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002596 lactones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002815 nickel Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Ni]Cl QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- AGAJOAMQXDVIFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxalonitrile platinum Chemical compound N#CC#N.[Pt] AGAJOAMQXDVIFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940059574 pentaerithrityl Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000634 powder X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 206010037844 rash Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LGRDAQPMSDIUQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripotassium;cobalt(3+);hexacyanide Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[Co+3].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-] LGRDAQPMSDIUQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004246 zinc acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940102001 zinc bromide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- JDLYKQWJXAQNNS-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;dibenzoate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1.[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 JDLYKQWJXAQNNS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- NHXVNEDMKGDNPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;pentane-2,4-dione Chemical compound [Zn+2].CC(=O)[CH-]C(C)=O.CC(=O)[CH-]C(C)=O NHXVNEDMKGDNPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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Abstract
本发明涉及双金属氰化物DMC催化剂,所述催化剂包含一种或多种式M[M′(CN)4]的双金属氰化物化合物和一种或多种有机络合配体。当用于通过将烯化氧加聚至含有活性氢原子的起始化合物上来制备聚醚多元醇时,本发明的催化剂具有短暂的或没有诱导期,且可生产具有低双键含量的多元醇。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及新的双金属氰化物(DMC)催化剂,其用于通过将烯化氧加聚至含有活性氢原子的起始化合物上来制备聚醚多元醇。
背景技术
用于将烯化氧加聚至含有活性氢原子的起始化合物的双金属氰化物(DMC)催化剂是已知的(例如参见,US-A3404109;US-A3829505;US-A3941849;US-A5158922)。与传统的使用碱性催化剂如碱金属氢氧化物来制备聚醚多元醇相比,使用这些DMC催化剂制备聚醚多元醇特别具有减少了具有末端双键单官能聚醚即所谓一元一醇(monools)含量的效果。通过这种方法制得的聚醚多元醇可以加工成高质量的聚氨酯(例如,弹性体、发泡体、涂料)。DMC催化剂通常通过金属盐水溶液与金属氰化物水溶液在有机络合配体例如醚的存在下反应制得。在一个典型的催化剂制备方法中,例如,将氯化锌(过量)水溶液与六氰钴酸钾混合,然后向形成的悬浮液中加入二甲氧基乙烷(甘醇二甲醚)。在过滤以及用甘醇二甲醚水溶液洗涤催化剂后,可获得如下通式的活性催化剂:
Zn3[Co(CN)6]2·xZnCl2·yH2O·z甘醇二甲醚
(例如参见,EP-A700949)。
JP-A4145123、US-A5470813、EP-A700949、EP-A743093、EP-A761708和WO 97/40086中公开了DMC催化剂,其使用叔丁醇作为有机络合配体(单独或与聚醚结合(EP-A700949、EP-A761708、WO 97/40086)),在聚醚多元醇的制备中进一步减少了具有末端双键的单官能聚醚的含量。尽管如此,使用这些改进的DMC催化剂制备的聚醚多元醇中双键的含量还是在最少3mmol/kg(例如参见EP-A 700949、EP-A 761708、WO 97/40086)。况且使用这些DMC催化剂,减少了烯化氧与相应起始化合物加聚作用的诱导时间而且提高了催化剂活性。尽管如此,使用这些DMC催化剂还是存在诱导期。从生产角度来看,诱导期的存在是不受欢迎的,因为这会导致空间/时间产率降低。诱导期还会导致严重的放热,从而导致在催化剂活化期间发生无法控制的升温,这会增加聚醚多元醇对热的暴露而且会损害产品质量。同时,还存在由于加速的热老化损害催化剂活性的风险。
Robertson等在Dalton Trans.2006,5390-5395中报道了通过使用四氰镍酸钴催化剂(Co[Ni(CN)4])催化环氧丙烷的均聚或共聚。然而,使用Robertson等的DMC催化剂时,也会有产生上述不希望的诱导期,而且,由此获得的聚醚多元醇的双键含量还是很高。
发明内容
如今已经发现在聚醚多元醇的制备中不再有诱导期的DMC催化剂,该催化剂除式M[M’(CN)4]的DMC化合物外,还含有一种或多种有机络合配体,而且,使用这种DMC催化剂制备的聚醚多元醇具有极低双键含量。
具体实施方式
现在将描述本发明,这种描述是为了说明的目的而非限制。除了操作实施例或另有说明,说明书中所有表示质量、百分比、OH数量、官能度等的数字都可理解为在所有情况下由术语“约”来修饰。除非另有说明,在此以道尔顿(Da)给出的当量和分子量分别是数均当量和数均分子量。
本发明因此提供双金属氰化物(DMC)催化剂,该催化剂含有
a)一种或多种、优选一种式M[M’(CN)4]的双金属氰化物化合物
其中M选自金属Zn(II)、Fe(II)、Ni(II)、Mn(II)、Co(II)、Sn(II)、Pb(II)、Sr(II)、Cu(II)、Cd(II)、Hg(II)、Pd(II)、Pt(II)、V(II)、Mg(II)、Ca(II)和Ba(II),和
M’选自金属Zn(II)、Fe(II)、Ni(II)、Mn(II)、Co(II)、Sn(II)、Pb(II)、Sr(II)、Cu(II)、Cd(II)、Hg(II)、Pd(II)、Pt(II)、V(II)、Mg(II)、Ca(II)和Ba(II),
b)一种或多种有机络合配体,选自醇、醛、酮、醚、酯、酰胺、脲、腈和硫化物,
和任选
c)一种或多种不同于b)的络合组分,选自以下化合物种类:聚醚、聚酯、聚碳酸酯、聚亚烷基二醇脱水山梨醇酯、聚亚烷基二醇缩水甘油醚、聚丙烯酰胺、聚(丙烯酰胺-共-丙烯酸)、聚丙烯酸、聚(丙烯酸-共-马来酸)、聚丙烯腈、聚丙烯酸烷基酯、聚甲基丙烯酸烷基酯、聚乙烯基甲醚、聚乙烯基乙醚、聚醋酸乙烯酯、聚乙烯醇、聚-N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮、聚(N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮-共-丙烯酸)、聚乙烯基甲酮、聚(4-乙烯基苯酚)、聚(丙烯酸-共-苯乙烯)、唑啉聚合物、聚亚烷基亚胺、马来酸和马来酸酐共聚物、羟乙基纤维素和聚缩醛,或以下化合物种类:缩水甘油醚、配糖、羧酸多元醇酯、胆汁酸或其盐、酯或酰胺、环糊精、磷化合物、α,β-不饱和羧酸酯和离子表面活性化合物或界面活性化合物。
根据本发明的催化剂还可任选包含d)水,优选1-10wt.%,和/或e)一种或多种式(I)M(X)n的水溶性金属盐,优选5-25wt.%,其来自于制备双金属氰化物的化合物a)。在式(I)中,M选自以下金属:Zn(II)、Fe(II)、Ni(II)、Mn(II)、Co(II)、Sn(II)、Pb(II)、Sr(II)、Cu(II)、Cd(II)、Hg(II)、Pd(II)、Pt(II)、V(II)、Mg(II)、Ca(II)和Ba(II),Zn(II)、Fe(II)、Co(II)和Ni(II)是特别优选的。X相同或不同,优选为相同的阴离子,优选选自卤化物阴离子、氢氧根、硫酸根、碳酸根、氰酸根、硫氰酸根、异氰酸根、异硫氰酸根、羧酸根、草酸根或硝酸根。n的值为1或2。
根据本发明催化剂中的双金属氰化物a)可以通过水溶性金属盐和水溶性金属氰化盐反应获得。还可以使用相应的酸来替代水溶性金属氰化盐,所述的酸可由例如金属盐的离子交换获得。
适于制备双金属氰化物a)的水溶性金属盐优选具有下式:
M(X)n (I)
其中M选自以下金属:Zn(II)、Fe(II)、Ni(II)、Mn(II)、Co(II)、Sn(II)、Pb(II)、Sr(II)、Cu(II)、Cd(II)、Hg(II)、Pd(II)、Pt(II)、V(II)、Mg(II)、Ca(II)和Ba(II),Zn(II)、Fe(II)、Co(II)和Ni(II)是特别优选的。X相同或不同,优选相同,且优选选自卤化物阴离子、氢氧根、硫酸根、碳酸根、氰酸根、硫氰酸根、异氰酸根、异硫氰酸根、羧酸根、草酸根或硝酸根。n的值为1或2。
适合的水溶性金属盐的实例为氯化锌(II)、溴化锌(II)、醋酸锌(II)、乙酰丙酮锌(II)、苯甲酸锌(II)、硝酸锌(II)、硫酸亚铁(II)、溴化亚铁(II)、氯化亚铁(II)、氯化钴(II)、硫酸钴(II)、硫氰酸钴(II)、硝酸钴(II)、氯化镍(II)、硫酸镍(II)和硝酸镍(II)。也可使用多种水溶性金属盐的混合物。
适于制备双金属氰化物a)的水溶性金属氰化物盐优选为式:
(Y)aM’(CN)4 (II)
其中M’选自金属Zn(II)、Fe(II)、Ni(II)、Mn(II)、Co(II)、Sn(II)、Pb(II)、Sr(II)、Cu(II)、Cd(II)、Hg(II)、Pd(II)、Pt(II)、V(II)、Mg(II)、Ca(II)和Ba(II),M’特别优选选自金属Co(II)、Fe(II)、Ni(II)、Zn(II)、Pd(II)和Pt(II)。水溶性金属氰化物盐可以含有一种或多种这些金属。阳离子Y相同或不同,优选相同,且选自碱金属离子和碱土金属离子。a的值为1或2。适合的水溶性金属氰化物盐的实例为四氰镍(II)酸钾、四氰钯(II)酸钾和四氰铂(II)酸钾。
根据本发明的催化剂中含有的适合的式M[M’(CN)4]双金属氰化物化合物a)的实例为四氰镍(II)酸锌(II)、四氰镍(II)酸钴(II)、四氰钯(II)酸钴(II)和四氰铂(II)酸钴(II)。特别优选使用四氰镍(II)酸钴(II)。
根据本发明的DMC催化剂中含有的有机络合配体b)是已知的且在本领域中有详细描述(例如参见US-A5158922,US-A 3404109,US-A 3829505,US-A3941849,EP-A 700949,EP-A 761708,JP-A 4145123,US-A 5470813,EP-A743093,WO 97/40086,WO 00/02951,和EP-A 1529566)。优选的有机络合配体为含有杂原子如氧、氮、磷或硫的水溶性有机化合物,其可以与双金属氰化物化合物a)形成络合物。适合的有机络合配体的实例为例如醇、醛、酮、醚、酯、酰胺、脲、腈、硫化物及其混合物。优选的有机络合配体为脂肪醚如二甲氧基乙烷,和水溶性脂肪醇如乙醇、异丙醇、正丁醇、异丁醇、仲丁醇、叔丁醇、2-甲基-3-丁烯-2-醇和2-甲基-3-丁炔-2-醇。还优选同时具有脂肪醚基和脂肪族羟基的有机络合配体,例如乙二醇单叔丁基醚,二甘醇单叔丁基醚和三丙二醇单甲醚。特别优选二甲氧基乙烷、叔丁醇、2-甲基-3-丁烯-2-醇、2-甲基-3-丁炔-2-醇和乙二醇单叔丁基醚。
有机络合配体b)可以在制备催化剂的过程中加入,也可以在双金属氰化物化合物a)沉淀后立即加入。优选使用过量的有机络合配体。
根据本发明的DMC催化剂含有的双金属氰化物优选为20-90wt.%,更加优选为25-80wt.%,基于最后生成的催化剂总量,和含有的有机络合配体的量优选为0.5-30wt.%,更加优选为1-25wt.%,基于最后生成的催化剂总量。根据本发明的DMC催化剂还可另外任选含有一种或多种优选1-80wt.%,更加优选1-40wt.%的络合组分,基于最后生成的催化剂总量,所述络合组分不同于b),选自如下化合物种类:聚醚、聚酯、聚碳酸酯、聚亚烷基二醇脱水山梨醇酯、聚亚烷基二醇缩水甘油醚、聚丙烯酰胺、聚(丙烯酰胺-共-丙烯酸)、聚丙烯酸、聚(丙烯酸-共-马来酸)、聚丙烯腈、聚丙烯酸烷基酯、聚甲基丙烯酸烷基酯、聚乙烯甲醚、聚乙烯醚、聚醋酸乙烯酯、聚乙烯醇、聚-N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮、聚(N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮-共-丙烯酸)、聚乙烯基甲酮、聚(4-乙烯基苯酚)、聚(丙烯酸-共-苯乙烯),唑啉聚合物、聚亚烷基亚胺、马来酸和马来酸酐共聚物、羟乙基纤维素和聚缩醛、缩水甘油醚、配糖、羧酸多元醇酯、胆汁酸或其盐、酯或酰胺、环糊精、磷化合物、α,β-不饱和羧酸酯和离子表面活性化合物或界面活性化合物。作为组分c)优选的催化剂含有聚醚,特别是聚醚多元醇。
根据本发明的催化剂可以为结晶、部分结晶或者无定形。结晶度通过粉末X-射线衍射分析。
根据本发明的特别优选的催化剂含有:
a)四氰镍(II)酸钴(II),
b)叔丁醇,
和任选
c)一种或多种上述类型的络合组分,特别是聚醚多元醇,非常特别是数均分子量为500-4000g/mol的那些。
优选在水溶液中通过在有机络合配体b)和任选另外络合组分c)的存在下,使金属盐特别是式(I)的金属盐与金属氰化物盐特别是式(II)的金属氰化物盐反应制备根据本发明的DMC催化剂。
优选地,在本文中,金属盐水溶液(例如硫酸钴(II),以化学计量至少超过50mol%,基于金属氰化物盐)和金属氰化物盐水溶液(例如四氰镍酸钾)首先在有机络合配体b)(例如叔丁醇)的存在下反应,生成含有双金属氰化物a)的悬浮液(例如四氰镍(II)酸钴(II)),水d),过量金属盐e)和有机络合配体b)。
在本文中,有机络合配体b)可以存在于金属盐的水溶液和/或金属氰化物盐的水溶液中,或者立即加到双金属氰化物a)沉淀后的悬浮液中。优选的变体是其中有机络合配体b)已经存在于金属盐的水溶液和/或金属氰化物盐水溶液中。已经证实剧烈搅拌水溶液和有机络合配体b)是有利的。随后任选地使用一种或多种络合组分c)处理形成的悬浮液。在本文中优选以在水和有机络合配体b)的混合物中的方式使用络合组分c)。
然后通过现有技术比如离心分离或过滤从悬浮液中分离催化剂。在一个优选实施方案中,分离的催化剂随后通过用有机络合配体b)的水溶液洗涤(例如,通过再悬浮和随后重新通过过滤或离心分离,或者通过洗涤滤饼,如WO01/80994所述)。以这种方式,可以从根据本发明的催化剂中去除残留的水溶性副产物。
水性洗涤液中有机络合配体b)的量优选为40-80wt.%,基于溶液总量。任选向水性洗涤液中添加少量络合组分c),优选为0.5-5wt.%,基于溶液总量。
此外多于一次洗涤催化剂是有利的。例如可以重复第一次洗涤操作。然而,优选使用例如有机金属络合配体b)或有机金属络合配体b)与络合组分c)的非水溶液进行进一步的洗涤操作。
任选在粉化后,将洗涤过的催化剂在优选20-100℃温度、0.1mbar到常压(1013mbar)压力下干燥。
本发明还提供了根据本发明的DMC催化剂用于将烯化氧加聚至含有活性氢原子的起始化合物上来制备聚醚多元醇的方法中。
使用的烯化氧优选为环氧乙烷、环氧丙烷、环氧丁烷及其混合物。例如使用仅一种单体环氧化物,或无规或嵌段方式使用2或3种不同的单体环氧化物可以通过烷基化作用建立聚醚链。更多细节参见“Ullmanns Encyclopdie derindustriellen Chemie”,卷A21,670页及其后续页,1992年。另外,还可使用能够与烯化氧在本发明催化剂存在下发生共聚的单体。这种共聚单体的实例为氧杂环丁烷(oxetane)、酸酐、内酯、环二酯或二氧化碳。
优选使用的含有活性氢原子的起始化合物是分子量(数均)为18-2000且具有1-8个羟基的化合物。其实例为乙二醇、二甘醇、三甘醇、1,2-丙二醇、二丙二醇、1,4-丁二醇、1,6-己二醇、双酚A、双酚F、三羟甲基丙烷、甘油、蓖麻油、季戊四醇、山梨醇、蔗糖、降解淀粉或者水。
还可以有利地使用那些含活性氢原子的起始化合物,所述化合物例如通过传统碱催化从上述低分子量起始反应物制备并且是分子量(数均)为200-2000低聚烷氧基化产物。
通过根据本发明催化剂催化的将烯化氧加聚至含有活性氢原子的起始化合物上的加聚反应一般在温度20-200℃,优选在40-180℃,特别优选在50-150℃下进行。该反应可以在总压力0.0001-20bar下进行。该加聚反应可以在本体或者在惰性有机溶剂如甲苯和/或四氢呋喃中进行。溶剂量通常为10-30wt.%,基于要制备的聚醚多元醇的总量。
选择催化剂的浓度以便能够在给定的反应条件下很好地控制加聚反应。催化剂浓度优选为0.0005-1wt.%,更优选为0.001-0.2wt.%,基于要制备的聚醚多元醇总量。
通过根据本发明方法制得的聚醚多元醇分子量(数均)优选为500-100000g/mol,更加优选为1 000-50000g/mol,最优选为2000-20000g/mol。
该加聚反应可以连续或间断进行,例如,以间歇法或者半间歇法进行。
与现有技术中的DMC催化剂相比,根据本发明的DMC催化剂在聚醚多元醇的制备中没有诱导期。此外,通过使用这些DMC催化剂能制得具有极低双键含量的聚醚多元醇。根据本发明的聚醚多元醇的双键含量优选不超过2mmol/kg,特别优选不超过1mmol/kg,即使在摩尔质量为1000g/mol和更多时,还优选在摩尔质量为至少2000g/mol时。迄今未发现有具有如此低双键含量的聚醚多元醇。
实施例
通过下列实施例进一步说明本发明,而非对其限制。除非另有所指,所有以“份”和“百分比”给出的量理解为按重量计。
催化剂制备
实施例A
含有Co[Ni(CN)4]和叔丁醇的DMC催化剂
在剧烈搅拌(24000rpm)下,将11.1g(48.8mmol)七水合硫酸钴(II)在15ml蒸馏水中形成的溶液加入2.9g(12mmol)四氰镍酸钾在75ml蒸馏水中形成的溶液中。其后立即将50g叔丁醇和50g蒸馏水加入生成的悬浮液中,然后将混合物继续剧烈搅拌(24000rpm)10分钟。通过过滤将固体分离,然后将该固体与87.5g叔丁醇和37.5g蒸馏水的混合物搅拌(10000rpm)10分钟,并再次过滤。重复该洗涤操作两次以上。在最后过滤后,将催化剂在常压下50℃干燥至恒重。
干粉状催化剂产量:1.3g。
元素分析:钴=25.4wt.%,镍=24.5wt.%
实施例B
含有Co[Ni(CN)4]和叔丁醇的DMC催化剂,以及聚丙二醇2000作为另外的络合组分
在剧烈搅拌(24000rpm)下,将12.1g(53.0mmol)七水合硫酸钴(II)在17ml蒸馏水中形成的溶液加入2.5g(10.4mmol)四氰镍酸钾在61ml蒸馏水中形成的溶液中。其后立即将43.5g叔丁醇和43.5g蒸馏水加入生成的悬浮液中,然后将混合物继续剧烈搅拌(24000rpm)10分钟。然后加入0.9g叔丁醇、0.9gPPG2000(DESMOPHEN 3600 Z,Bayer MaterialScienceAG)和87g蒸馏水的混合物,并在1000rpm下将混合物搅拌3分钟。通过过滤将固体分离,然后将该固体与60.9g叔丁醇、0.9g PPG2000和26.1g蒸馏水的混合物搅拌(10000rpm)10分钟,再次过滤。然后将固体与87g叔丁醇和0.4g PPG2000的混合物再次搅拌(10000rpm)10分钟,并再次过滤。在最后过滤后,将催化剂在60℃高真空下干燥2小时。
干粉状催化剂产量:1.8g
元素分析:钴=25.5wt.%,镍=22.4wt.%
实施例C
含有Co[Ni(CN)4]和叔丁醇的DMC催化剂
在剧烈搅拌(24000rpm)下,将15.2g(66.6mmol)七水合硫酸钴(II)在16ml蒸馏水中形成的溶液加入2.4g(10.0mmol)四氰镍酸钾在60ml蒸馏水和8.4g叔丁醇中形成的溶液中。其后将混合物继续居烈搅拌(24000rpm)10分钟。通过过滤将固体分离,然后将该固体与21.6g叔丁醇和10.8g蒸馏水的混合物搅拌(10000rpm)10分钟,再次过滤。然后将固体与31.2g叔丁醇再次搅拌(10000rpm)10分钟,并再次过滤。在最后过滤后,将催化剂在60℃高真空下干燥2小时。
干粉状催化剂产量:1.7g
元素分析:钴=25.9wt.%,镍=20.7wt.%
实施例D
含有Co[Ni(CN)4]和叔丁醇的DMC催化剂,以及聚丙二醇PPG1000作为另外的络合组分
在剧烈搅拌(10000rpm)下,将37.3g(163.3mmol)七水合硫酸钴(II)在74g蒸馏水和11g叔丁醇中形成的溶液加入2.4g(10.0mmol)四氰镍化钾在25ml蒸馏水中形成的溶液中。然后将生成的悬浮液剧烈搅拌(24000rpm)10分钟。然后加入0.4g叔丁醇、2.1g PPG 1000(DESMOPHEN 1110 BD,Bayer MaterialScience AG)和12.3g蒸馏水的混合物,并在10000rpm下搅拌3分钟。通过过滤将固体分离,然后将该固体与27.3g叔丁醇、0.5g PPG1000和14.2g蒸馏水的混合物搅拌(10000rpm)10分钟,再次过滤。然后将固体与39g叔丁醇和0.3g PPG1000的混合物再次搅拌(10000rpm)10分钟,并再次过滤。在最后过滤后,将催化剂在60℃高真空下干燥2小时。
干粉状催化剂产量:2.0g。
元素分析:钴=26.2wt.%,镍=17.9wt.%
实施例E(对比例)
没有有机络合配体的含有Co[Ni(CN)4]的DMC催化剂(类似于Robertson等,in Dalton Trans.2006,5390-5395)
在剧烈搅拌下,将6.5g(23mmol)七水合硫酸钴(II)在94ml蒸馏水中形成的溶液加入5.5g(23mmol)四氰镍化钾在95ml蒸馏水中形成的溶液中。其后立即将100g蒸馏水加入生成的悬浮液中,然后将混合物继续剧烈搅拌(24000rpm)1小时。通过过滤将固体分离,将催化剂在60℃高真空下干燥10小时。
干粉状催化剂产量:2.0g。
聚醚多元醇的制备
一般步骤
开始将50g聚丙二醇起始物(数均分子量=1000g/mol)和200mg催化剂加入500ml在隋性气体(氮气)下的压力反应器中,再加热至105℃,同时伴以搅拌。然后立即计量加入环氧丙烷(大约10g),直到总压力升到3.5bar。当观察到反应器压力加速降低时,再次仅计量加入环更多的氧丙烷。这种压力加速降低表明催化剂已被活化。然后在恒定总压力2.5bar下连续计量加入余下的环氧丙烷(140g)。所有环氧丙烷计量加入完毕后和在105℃下后反应1小时后,将可挥发组分在90℃(1mbar)下蒸出,然后将反应混合物冷却至室温。
通过测定OH数量和双键含量来表征制得的聚醚多元醇。
通过时间/转化率曲线(环氧丙烷消耗量[g]对反应时间[min])来监测反应过程。通过时间/转化率曲线最陡点的正切与曲线的延长基线交点来确定诱导时间。对催化剂活性有决定意义的丙氧基化时间相应于在催化剂活化(诱导期结束)与环氧丙烷计量加完之间的时间周期。总反应时间为诱导时间和丙氧基化时间之和。
实施例1
使用催化剂A制备聚醚多元醇
诱导时间 0分钟
丙氧基化时间 46分钟
总反应时间 46分钟
聚醚多元醇 羟基数量(mg KOH/g)29.9
双键含量(mmol/kg)2
实施例2
使用催化剂B制备聚醚多元醇
诱导时间 0分钟
丙氧基化时间 38分钟
总反应时间 38分钟
聚醚多元醇 羟基数量(mg KOH/g)29.4
双键含量(mmol/kg)0
实施例3
使用催化剂C制备聚醚多元醇
诱导时间 0分钟
丙氧基化时间 41分钟
总反应时间 41分钟
聚醚多元醇 羟基数量(mg KOH/g)29.8
双键含量(mmol/kg)1
实施例4
使用催化剂D制备聚醚多元醇
诱导时间 0分钟
丙氧基化时间 20分钟
总反应时间 20分钟
聚醚多元醇 羟基数量(mg KOH/g)29.8
双键含量(mmol/kg)0
实施例5(对比例)
使用催化剂E(对比例)制备聚醚多元醇
诱导时间 31分钟
丙氧基化时间 360分钟
总反应时间 391分钟
聚醚多元醇 羟基数量(mg KOH/g) 31.2
双键含量(mmol/kg) 12
实施例1-4与实施例5(对比例)之间的比较表明,根据本发明的DMC催化剂在聚醚多元醇的制备中不再具有诱导期。此外,通过使用这些DMC催化剂制备的聚醚多元醇双键含量极低。
尽管本发明在上文进行了以说明为目的的详细描述,应当理解,这些详述仅仅是出于说明性目的,除了如权利要求所限制的,本领域技术人员在不背离本发明精神和范围的情况下可做出改变。
Claims (9)
1.一种双金属氰化物(DMC)催化剂,包括:
a)一种或多种式M[M’(CN)4]的双金属氰化物化合物
其中
M选自金属Zn(II)、Fe(II)、Ni(II)、Mn(II)、Co(II)、Sn(II)、Pb(II)、Sr(II)、Cu(II)、Cd(II)、Hg(II)、Pd(II)、Pt(II)、V(II)、Mg(II)、Ca(II)和Ba(II),和
M’选自金属Zn(II)、Fe(II)、Ni(II)、Mn(II)、Co(II)、Sn(II)、Pb(II)、Sr(II)、Cu(II)、Cd(II)、Hg(II)、Pd(II)、Pt(II)、V(II)、Mg(II)、Ca(II)和Ba(II),
b)一种或多种有机络合配体,其选自醇、醛、酮、醚、酯、酰胺、脲、腈和硫化物,
和任选
c)一种或多种不同于b)的络合组分且选自以下化合物种类:聚醚、聚酯、聚碳酸酯、聚亚烷基二醇脱水山梨醇酯、聚亚烷基二醇缩水甘油醚、聚丙烯酰胺、聚(丙烯酰胺-共-丙烯酸)、聚丙烯酸、聚(丙烯酸-共-马来酸)、聚丙烯腈、聚丙烯酸烷基酯、聚甲基丙烯酸烷基酯、聚乙烯甲醚、聚乙烯醚、聚醋酸乙烯酯、聚乙烯醇、聚-N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮、聚(N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮-共-丙烯酸)、聚乙烯基甲酮、聚(4-乙烯基苯酚)、聚(丙烯酸-共-苯乙烯),唑啉聚合物、聚亚烷基亚胺、马来酸和马来酸酐共聚物、羟乙基纤维素、聚缩醛、缩水甘油醚、配糖、羧酸多元醇酯、胆汁酸或其盐、酯或酰胺、环糊精、磷化合物、α,β-不饱和羧酸酯和离子表面活性化合物或界面活性化合物。
2.根据权利要求1的DMC催化剂,另外包括d)水和/或e)水溶性金属盐。
3.根据权利要求1的DMC催化剂,其中双金属氰化物化合物是四氰镍(II)酸钴(II)。
4.根据权利要求1的DMC催化剂,其中有机络合配体是叔丁醇。
5.根据权利要求1的DMC催化剂,其中催化剂包括约1至约80wt.%的聚醚作为络合组分c)。
6.在一种通过将烯化氧加聚至含有活性氢原子的起始化合物上来制备聚醚多元醇的方法中,其改进包括在一种或多种根据权利要求1的DMC催化剂的存在下进行所述方法。
7.一种根据权利要求6的方法制备的聚醚多元醇。
8.根据权利要求6制备的聚醚多元醇,其中双键含量少于约2mmol/kg。
9.根据权利要求8的聚醚多元醇,其双键含量小于约1mmol/kg。
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CNA2008100095608A Pending CN101225162A (zh) | 2007-01-17 | 2008-01-17 | 用于制备聚醚多元醇的双金属氰化物催化剂 |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US20080177025A1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1946839A3 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2008194681A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR20080067971A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN101225162A (zh) |
BR (1) | BRPI0800030A (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2618053A1 (zh) |
DE (1) | DE102007002555A1 (zh) |
MX (1) | MX2008000728A (zh) |
SG (1) | SG144807A1 (zh) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN114133416A (zh) * | 2020-09-03 | 2022-03-04 | 万华化学集团股份有限公司 | 一种dmc催化剂的制备方法及由其制备的dmc催化剂 |
CN114768709A (zh) * | 2022-05-05 | 2022-07-22 | 万华化学集团股份有限公司 | 一种使连续化聚醚生产装置实现即开即停的方法 |
CN115340644A (zh) * | 2022-09-23 | 2022-11-15 | 万华化学集团股份有限公司 | 用于聚合物多元醇的引发剂及制备聚合物多元醇的方法 |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102005020347A1 (de) * | 2005-05-02 | 2006-11-09 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Doppelmetallcyanidkomplex-Katalysatoren |
US8093351B2 (en) | 2006-08-24 | 2012-01-10 | Cornell Research Foundation, Inc. | Copolymerization of propylene oxide and carbon dioxide and homopolymerization of propylene oxide |
DE102009031584A1 (de) * | 2009-07-03 | 2011-01-05 | Bayer Materialscience Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polyetherpolyolen mit primären Hydroxyl-Endgruppen |
MX2014007223A (es) | 2011-12-20 | 2014-09-22 | Bayer Ip Gmbh | Hidroxiaminopolimeros y procedimientos para su preparacion. |
KR101736639B1 (ko) * | 2015-12-24 | 2017-05-16 | 주식회사 포스코 | 이중금속시안염 촉매, 그 제조방법 및 상기 촉매를 이용한 폴리카보네이트 폴리올 제조방법 |
ES2941289T3 (es) * | 2018-12-21 | 2023-05-19 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Proceso de polimerización de poliéter |
CN111072948B (zh) * | 2019-12-24 | 2022-08-05 | 万华化学集团股份有限公司 | 一种双金属催化剂及其制备方法和在制备聚醚多元醇中的应用 |
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GB1063525A (en) | 1963-02-14 | 1967-03-30 | Gen Tire & Rubber Co | Organic cyclic oxide polymers, their preparation and tires prepared therefrom |
US3829505A (en) | 1970-02-24 | 1974-08-13 | Gen Tire & Rubber Co | Polyethers and method for making the same |
US3941849A (en) | 1972-07-07 | 1976-03-02 | The General Tire & Rubber Company | Polyethers and method for making the same |
US4826774A (en) * | 1987-01-30 | 1989-05-02 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Vapocheromic double-complex salts |
JP2653236B2 (ja) | 1990-10-05 | 1997-09-17 | 旭硝子株式会社 | ポリエーテル化合物の製造方法 |
US5158922A (en) | 1992-02-04 | 1992-10-27 | Arco Chemical Technology, L.P. | Process for preparing metal cyanide complex catalyst |
US5470813A (en) | 1993-11-23 | 1995-11-28 | Arco Chemical Technology, L.P. | Double metal cyanide complex catalysts |
US5712216A (en) | 1995-05-15 | 1998-01-27 | Arco Chemical Technology, L.P. | Highly active double metal cyanide complex catalysts |
US5482908A (en) | 1994-09-08 | 1996-01-09 | Arco Chemical Technology, L.P. | Highly active double metal cyanide catalysts |
US5545601A (en) * | 1995-08-22 | 1996-08-13 | Arco Chemical Technology, L.P. | Polyether-containing double metal cyanide catalysts |
US5627120A (en) * | 1996-04-19 | 1997-05-06 | Arco Chemical Technology, L.P. | Highly active double metal cyanide catalysts |
JP4207388B2 (ja) | 1998-07-10 | 2009-01-14 | 旭硝子株式会社 | アルキレンオキシド開環重合用触媒、その製造方法およびその用途 |
DE19918727A1 (de) * | 1999-04-24 | 2000-10-26 | Bayer Ag | Langkettige Polyetherpolyole mit hohem Anteil primärer OH-Gruppen |
DE19928156A1 (de) * | 1999-06-19 | 2000-12-28 | Bayer Ag | Aus Polyetherpolyolen hergestellte Polyurethan-Weichschäume |
WO2001080994A1 (de) | 2000-04-20 | 2001-11-01 | Bayer Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur herstellung von dmc-katalysatoren |
US6833810B2 (en) * | 2002-01-18 | 2004-12-21 | Raytheon Company | Combining signals exhibiting multiple types of diversity |
US20050101477A1 (en) | 2003-11-07 | 2005-05-12 | George Combs | Unsaturated tertiary alcohols as ligands for active dmc catalysts |
CN1308079C (zh) * | 2004-11-29 | 2007-04-04 | 黎明化工研究院 | 一种氰化物络合物催化剂及其制备方法和用途 |
-
2007
- 2007-01-17 DE DE102007002555A patent/DE102007002555A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2008
- 2008-01-04 EP EP08000079A patent/EP1946839A3/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2008-01-04 SG SG200800025-9A patent/SG144807A1/en unknown
- 2008-01-14 CA CA002618053A patent/CA2618053A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2008-01-15 US US12/008,940 patent/US20080177025A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2008-01-15 MX MX2008000728A patent/MX2008000728A/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2008-01-16 KR KR1020080004671A patent/KR20080067971A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2008-01-17 BR BRPI0800030-1A patent/BRPI0800030A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2008-01-17 JP JP2008007998A patent/JP2008194681A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2008-01-17 CN CNA2008100095608A patent/CN101225162A/zh active Pending
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN114133416A (zh) * | 2020-09-03 | 2022-03-04 | 万华化学集团股份有限公司 | 一种dmc催化剂的制备方法及由其制备的dmc催化剂 |
CN114768709A (zh) * | 2022-05-05 | 2022-07-22 | 万华化学集团股份有限公司 | 一种使连续化聚醚生产装置实现即开即停的方法 |
CN114768709B (zh) * | 2022-05-05 | 2024-02-02 | 万华化学集团股份有限公司 | 一种使连续化聚醚生产装置实现即开即停的方法 |
CN115340644A (zh) * | 2022-09-23 | 2022-11-15 | 万华化学集团股份有限公司 | 用于聚合物多元醇的引发剂及制备聚合物多元醇的方法 |
CN115340644B (zh) * | 2022-09-23 | 2024-05-03 | 万华化学集团股份有限公司 | 用于聚合物多元醇的引发剂及制备聚合物多元醇的方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
MX2008000728A (es) | 2009-02-23 |
SG144807A1 (en) | 2008-08-28 |
KR20080067971A (ko) | 2008-07-22 |
BRPI0800030A (pt) | 2008-09-02 |
CA2618053A1 (en) | 2008-07-17 |
EP1946839A2 (de) | 2008-07-23 |
US20080177025A1 (en) | 2008-07-24 |
JP2008194681A (ja) | 2008-08-28 |
DE102007002555A1 (de) | 2008-07-24 |
EP1946839A3 (de) | 2008-12-31 |
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