CN1441839A - 荧光增白剂颜料组合物 - Google Patents

荧光增白剂颜料组合物 Download PDF

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CN1441839A
CN1441839A CN01811435A CN01811435A CN1441839A CN 1441839 A CN1441839 A CN 1441839A CN 01811435 A CN01811435 A CN 01811435A CN 01811435 A CN01811435 A CN 01811435A CN 1441839 A CN1441839 A CN 1441839A
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P·比肖夫
C·胡特
C·皮布拉
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    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种荧光增白剂颜料和所述颜料在提高纸张或纺织品的白度或掺入洗涤剂组合物中方面的应用,所述颜料衍生于甲醛。

Description

荧光增白剂颜料组合物
本发明涉及一种荧光增白剂颜料和所述颜料在提高纸张或纺织品白度或掺入洗涤剂组合物中方面的应用。
基于尿素/甲醛缩合物的有机白色颜料是早已已知的。例如对这种产物的制备、结构和形态,在A.Renner著“Die macromolekulareChemie(高分子化学)”(Bd.149 149(1971),1-27)中已有描述。这种产品提高了纸张的白度和不透明度,但它们是以涂料提高白度和面层的。
由于荧光增白剂的  莹光,它起到了提高其所处理商品白度的作用。但是,荧光增白剂并不提高这种商品的不透明度或面层质量。
本发明综合了白颜料提高不透明性的特性与荧光增白剂提高白度的特性。
因此,本发明涉及一种通过在制备颜料之前或过程中添加荧光结构单元可获得的荧光增白剂颜料,所述颜料是衍生于甲醛的。在本专利申请文本中,荧光结构单元可定义为一种被化学键合在颜料内后会呈现莹光性的荧光化合物前体。
优选地是,该颜料组分是尿素、甲醛和荧光结构单元。该增白剂颜料是通过下列步骤而获得的,
(a)在pH 6.0-8.0之间和在30-100℃的温度下,尿素和甲醛的水溶液的缩合,
(b)用一种酸处理,使所得缩合物凝胶化,和最后
(c)使所得凝胶反应并逐步发展,
为此在缩合之前或过程中,加入一种水溶性或水可分散的荧光结构单元。
作为优选方面,在缩合步骤(a)中添加该荧光结构单元。
该荧光结构单元是以下化学式的:
Figure A0181143500051
其中R1和R2独自代表-NH2或-NHC1-C4烷基和
M为氢、碱金属或碱土金属(因此M是二分之一摩尔等量金属)、铵、单-、二-、三-或四-C1-C4烷基铵、单-、二-、三-或四-C2-C4羟烷基铵或其混合物。
优选地是,在化学式(1)中,R1及R2两者代表-NH2,而M是氢、锂、钾、钠或铵。
荧光结构单元添加量可在大范围内变化,例如,按尿素和甲醛所用总量计,在0.001-10重量%之间。但是,按尿素和甲醛所用总量计,数量在1.0-7重量%间是优选的,尤其在2.0-5.0重量%之间。此外,应用荧光结构单元的混合物也是可能的。
缩合反应步骤(a)是在pH值6-8间的水溶液中完成的,优选地是在6.5-7.5之间,尤其在pH值7.0下。反应温度处于30-100℃之间,优选65-75℃,和反应时间在1-3小时之间。任选地是,该反应可以在一种保护胶体存在下完成,诸如聚乙烯醇、淀粉、羟乙基纤维素、羟基丙基纤维素或,优选地是,羧甲基纤维素。
从实际的观点看,可使用30%甲醛水溶液。
尿素对甲醛的摩尔比可变化在1.0摩尔的尿素对1.0-2.0摩尔的甲醛的比例范围之间,尤其在1.0摩尔的尿素对1.3-1.6摩尔的甲醛的范围。
胶凝化步骤(b)通过添加酸,并可以不分离步骤(a)中所得的预缩合物下进行。在大多数情况下,胶凝时间为4-45秒。适宜酸可以是无机或有机酸的任一种。因此,可以采用例如硫酸、磷酸、盐酸、硝酸、氨基磺酸、甲酸、草酸、马来酸、丁二酸或氯乙酸酸、或其混合物。酸的作用在于促使形成比表面积足够高的胶体微粒。所需添加酸量在每摩尔尿素10-100毫摩尔酸之间,优选20-50。
然后,在步骤(c)中采用常规方法处理步骤(b)中所得的凝胶,例如,使之熟化、中和,和最后过滤、洗涤、干燥,如果需要对其碾磨,以使所得粒度适宜。
从实际观点看,可以采用湿研磨或用Ultra TurraxwTM研磨机进行碾磨。在球磨中湿研磨的情况下,使颜料与玻璃珠一起,在高速下对其进行搅拌,直至达到所需平均粒度。
由此所得荧光有机颜料,尤其对尿素/甲醛缩合产物,具有非常低的游离甲醛含量。此外,该荧光结构单元是化学结合至该颜料上的。这种产品主要包含聚合物,是平均直径在0.1-5微米之间的固体胶粒,其对颜料颗粒的聚结平均直径在3-50微米之间。
该颜料结构例如,可以设想为具有以下循环结构元件:
Figure A0181143500061
其中R1及R2,-CH2OH,或H。
本发明的荧光有机颜料,尤其尿素/甲醛缩合产物,是高分散型的。它们尤其适用于光学增白纸张或纺织品、或用于掺入洗涤剂组合物中。对精细粉碎的荧光增白剂颜料可使用其粉末型或水分散型。因此,它们对提高纸制品的白度特别有意义,所以它们可以直接用于纸浆质体,用在施胶机中或作为对彩色涂料的添加剂。
所用颜料量取决于所要达到的增白效果和使用方法。因此,例如,按纤维总量计,在纸浆质体中可用0.5-15重量%,这样不仅会使白度,而且也使不透明性显著提高。
在施胶机应用中,可采用着色淀粉溶液。
对于涂层的应用,按彩色涂料中颜料总重量计,应该用0.1-8重量份数,优选1-4重量份数。通常彩色涂料中固形物量在35-80重量%,优选40-70重量%。
本发明荧光增白剂颜料尤其适用于纸张,特别是墨喷和照相纸、木材、箔、纺织品、非机织织物及其它适宜材料的涂料。它们最适用于纸张、纸板和照相纸的涂料。
由此所得的涂料不仅白度高,而且具有极好的光稳定性。此外,其它所需特性诸如均匀、平滑、强度和适印性也都提高,因为在纸基中这种增白剂颜料还另外起填料的作用。
下述实施例进一步地说明了本发明。
实施例1
将120.11克尿素溶于132.75克去离子水中,并搅拌加入如表1所示的不同数量的4,4′-二氨基芪2,2′-二磺酸(化学式1中,R1=R2=NH2;M=H),并用50%氢氧化钠溶液加以中和。然后添加290.27克的30%甲醛水溶液,并在70℃及pH7下拌搅该混合物2小时。然后用在211.29克软化水中有6.4克氨基磺酸的溶液处理该预缩合物。对该反应混合物进行胶凝9-45秒的时间。熟化约10分钟时间之后,在万能研磨器中使该凝胶平均粒度降低至1-2毫米之间。称重该研磨后的物料,然后用相同重量的水打浆。用50%氢氧化钠溶液调节该悬浮液至pH=10,对其搅拌1小时,并加以过滤。用水洗涤滤饼,并在105℃下对其干燥过夜。然后在球磨机中碾磨该聚合物3小时。
所得荧光增白剂颜料的性质概括于表1中。
   表1
  颜料号     所加DAS1(克)      收率(克)     BET比表面积(克/平方米)   ISO白度2R457,用UV   ISO白度R457不用UV
    (101)     没有     152.8     24.6     96.5%     96.5%
    (102)     0.45     152.3     23.1     100.9%     98.5%
    (103)     0.92     153.0     20.7     102.7%     99.2%
    (104)     10.97     159.8     37.5     95.2%     88.8%
脚注:1,DAS=4,4’-二氨基芪2,2’-二磺酸
  2、用Datacolor制造的Elrepho 2000分光光度计测定
颜料(104)的白度最低,不过其对于表达式[用UV的白度]-[不用UV的白度]的数值为6.4%,其荧光性最高。在下述应用实施例中这种特性尤其有利。
应用实施例
用实验室手工纸片成形器(按照DIN 54358,带有反应容器的Rapid-Kthen手工纸片成形器),对以上实施例所得的荧光增白剂颜料进行测试。
制备12页60克/平方米含约4%荧光增白剂颜料的纸片。由于其保留值仅是80%,加入5%的该颜料。
向该容器加入28.8克的干燥漂白牛皮纸浆(80%桦木硫酸酯及20%松树硫酸酯,Schopper Riegler 23°),用自来水补足至4升,并搅拌10分钟。对1.52克干重的各颜料(101)-(104)用Ultra-TurraxT25在12000rpm下于300毫升的去离子水中分散1分钟时间,然后将其转移至装有纸浆的容器中。然后利用Ultra-Turrax T50在8000-10000rpm下对该纸浆及填料的悬浮液脱纤维30秒,并用自来水增补至容积达6升。为制备60克/平方米的页片,称量出400毫升的该悬浮液,在500rpm螺旋桨式搅拌器搅拌下,用2毫升的一种助留剂溶液加以处理,该助留剂溶液是通过添加0.15克Praestaret TM PK 50(聚丙烯酰胺型,Stockhausen Company,Krefeld,Germany)至400克水中并搅拌至少45分钟而制成的。
刚20秒后,就进行页片预成型。然后,在92℃及30毫巴真空下将所得页片干燥420秒。
通过凯氏定氮法(Kjeldahl method)分析测定氮,计算增白剂颜料的填料含量。
然后测定该页片的不透明度和白度,结果概括于下表2中。
表2
颜料号    颜料1中DAS含量 纸中颜料含量     不透明度校正到60克/平方米时 ISO 白度2R457用UV  ISO 白度R457不用UV
  没有     75%     82.0%     82.0%
  (101)     没有     4.15%     82.3%     85.5%     85.5%
  (102)     0.22%     3.90%     82.2%     86.6%     86.2%
  (103)     0.44%     3.94%     82.2%     87.6%     86.7%
  (104)     5.03%     4.05%     80.7%     89.6%     86.6%
脚注:1:DAS含量基于制备颜料中所用尿素和甲醛数量。
  2:用由Datacolor制造的Elrepho 2000分光光度计测定
与不含填料的片材相比,增白剂颜料(104),内含5.03%DAS,呈现用UV的ISO-白度增大7.6%,不用UV的增大4.5%。与不含DAS的颜料(101)相比,颜料(104)显示对用UV的ISO白度提高4.1%,对不用UV的提高1.1%。与没有填料的页片相比,不含DAS的单独尿素/甲醛缩合物,颜料(101),导致不透明度增大7.3%,而颜料(104)仍然造成不透明度增大5.7%。尽管与颜料(101)相比,颜料(104)不透明度低了1.6%,但白度明显提高的4.1%补偿超过了这种略微降低。

Claims (11)

1.一种在制备颜料之前或过程中通过添加荧光结构单元可获得的荧光增白剂颜料,所述颜料是衍生于甲醛的。
2.按照权利要求1的荧光增白剂颜料,其中该颜料是一种尿素/甲醛缩合物。
3.按照权利要求2的颜料,其中该尿素/甲醛缩合物由采用下列方法制备:
(a)在pH 6.0-8.0及30-100℃温度下,使尿素和甲醛水溶液缩合,
(b)用一种酸处理,使所得的缩合物胶凝化,
(c)使所得凝胶反应并逐步发展,
其特征在于,在缩合之前或缩合过程中,加入一种水溶性的或水可分散的荧光结构单元。
4.按照权利要求3的颜料,其特征在于用1.0-2.0摩尔量的甲醛与1摩尔尿素缩合。
5.按照权利要求3或4的颜料,其特征在于荧光结构单元添加量在0.001-10重量%之间,按所用尿素及甲醛的总量计。
6.  按照权利要求5的颜料,其特征在于荧光结构单元添加量在1.0-7%之间,优选在2.0-5.0%之间,按所用尿素及甲醛的总量计。
7.按照前述权利要求任一项的颜料,其特征在于该荧光结构单元的化学式是
Figure A0181143500021
其中R1及R2独自代表-NH2或-NHC1-C4烷基和M是氢、碱金属或碱土金属、铵、单-、二-、三-或四-C1-C4烷基铵、单-、二-、三-或四-C2-C4羟烷基铵或其混合物。
8.按照权利要求7的颜料,其中在化学式(1)中R1及R2二者代表-NH2,M是氢、锂、钾、钠或铵。
9.按照前述权利要求任一项的颜料在光学增白纸张或纺织品或掺入洗涤剂组合物方面的应用。
10.按照权利要求10的颜料应用,用于在纸张的光学增白。
11.包含按照权利要求1-9任一项可获得的荧光增白剂颜料的一种组合物。
CNB018114350A 2000-06-19 2001-06-12 荧光增白剂颜料组合物 Expired - Fee Related CN1230511C (zh)

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EP1294846B1 (en) 2005-10-12
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ATE306537T1 (de) 2005-10-15

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