CN1397420A - 用喷射模塑法获得的部件的局部电镀方法 - Google Patents

用喷射模塑法获得的部件的局部电镀方法 Download PDF

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CN1397420A
CN1397420A CN02126212.8A CN02126212A CN1397420A CN 1397420 A CN1397420 A CN 1397420A CN 02126212 A CN02126212 A CN 02126212A CN 1397420 A CN1397420 A CN 1397420A
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parts
film
electrodepositable
plating method
electro
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马奇·福
伊曼纽尔·罗谢尔
伯特兰·卡皮夫
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Alcatel CIT SA
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K3/00Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
    • H05K3/10Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern
    • H05K3/18Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using precipitation techniques to apply the conductive material
    • H05K3/181Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using precipitation techniques to apply the conductive material by electroless plating
    • H05K3/182Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using precipitation techniques to apply the conductive material by electroless plating characterised by the patterning method
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/0053Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor combined with a final operation, e.g. shaping
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/14Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
    • B29C45/14778Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles the article consisting of a material with particular properties, e.g. porous, brittle
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C18/00Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
    • C23C18/16Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
    • C23C18/1601Process or apparatus
    • C23C18/1603Process or apparatus coating on selected surface areas
    • C23C18/1605Process or apparatus coating on selected surface areas by masking
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25DPROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D5/00Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
    • C25D5/02Electroplating of selected surface areas
    • C25D5/022Electroplating of selected surface areas using masking means
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25DPROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D5/00Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
    • C25D5/54Electroplating of non-metallic surfaces
    • C25D5/56Electroplating of non-metallic surfaces of plastics
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/0053Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor combined with a final operation, e.g. shaping
    • B29C2045/0079Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor combined with a final operation, e.g. shaping applying a coating or covering
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24802Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24934Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.] including paper layer
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31678Of metal
    • Y10T428/31681Next to polyester, polyamide or polyimide [e.g., alkyd, glue, or nylon, etc.]

Abstract

一种用喷射模塑法获得的部件(10)的局部电镀方法,其特征在于具有以下步骤:在模具(20)中垫一层膜(15);向模具(20)中注射一种可电镀材料(11);脱模得到部件(10);电镀(30)整个部件(10);所述膜(15)由一种不可电镀的材料组成,该材料与注射的可电镀材料(11)具有强粘附性。

Description

用喷射模塑法获得的部件的局部电镀方法
                         技术领域
本发明涉及一种对任意形状和尺寸的部件电镀的方法,尤其是这种部件的局部电镀方法。
                         背景技术
电镀是许多工业部门中的常用技术,可使部件具有例如镀铬、镀钛或者镀金的外表。电镀主要是一种金属盐在某种金属上的电解沉积反应,通常是为了防止该金属的氧化。因此,对部件加以电镀可以获得金属的和不易氧化的外观。
电镀件不一定是金属,而可以由其它材料构成,例如由于成本的原因和为了便于成形而使用的塑料。事实上,塑料是一种低成本、易加工的材料,尤其是利用向模具中注射塑料的公知技术,可以获得任何形状的部件。对于喷射模塑法,可以使用各种种类的塑料,比如PC(聚碳酸酯),PET(聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯),或者ABS(丙稀腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯)。另外,某些种类的塑料能够电镀,比如ABS,而有些不能,比如PC。
因此,塑料部件的电镀在各工业领域有许多应用,比如在汽车工业中,无线通信终端或者个人助理工业中,或者其它需要使塑料部件具有不易氧化的金属外表的工业中。
塑料部件的电镀主要需要实现以下步骤:将部件浸入酸性化学浴槽中,后者腐蚀表面的塑料,在部件的表面形成孔穴。接着依次将该部件浸入一系列金属浴槽中,后者一方面可以在塑料的表面孔穴中淀积金属(比如铜和/或镍),另一方面可以通过金属盐的淀积实现电镀本身,所述金属盐与先前淀积的金属发生电解反应。根据电镀部件所需的最终外观的不同,所述金属盐浴槽可以基于铬、钛或者金。
根据技术上的或者美感上的需要,可以有利地使同一部件的一部分为非金属化的,比如塑料的外观,而使另一部分具有金属化的外观。也就是说,同一部件可以局部电镀。
在现有技术中,已经提出来不同的对部件进行局部电镀的技术。第一种技术如图1所示,准备一个可电镀材料11的部件10,用一个罩子50罩住,只露出要电镀的区域,然后将该部件10浸入电镀槽30中。第二种技术如图2所示,该技术例如公开在专利申请EP0256428A2中。该技术是这样,有利地利用在合适的模具中进行双注射(bi-injection)的方法,准备一个至少由两种不同材料11和12构成的部件10,这两种材料一种是可电镀的11,另一种不可电镀12。然后将该部件整体浸入电镀槽中,却只有一种材料11受酸浴的腐蚀,从而由金属浴槽30加以电镀。
现有技术中的这些现有技术具有许多缺点。罩子的使用在部件的制造方法中增加了一个步骤,这在大规模的应用中是非常有害的。另外,还需要在需电镀的部件上提供罩子的固定点,这对部件的总体美感有害,并且在小尺寸部件的情况下难以实现。
由于需要控制两种不同的材料,双注射技术比较复杂。而且,在双注射技术中使用的模具与仅注射一种材料的模具相比,也要复杂得多。
然而,局部电镀,尤其是塑料部件的局部电镀,有发展的趋势,尤其是在利用外观设计作为营销手段的行业中。局部电镀可以以低成本的材料制造例如在塑料表面部分的连续处具有金属化(例如镀铬)的外观表面部分。
                               发明内容
因此,本发明可以应用于无线通信终端,比如无线电话或者个人助理,这些东西具有可以局部电镀的塑料外壳。本发明还可以应用于汽车的局部电镀塑料部件。
因此,实现同一塑料部件的局部电镀广受关注。本发明的目的是提出一种克服现有技术缺陷的方法。
本发明尤其涉及一种用喷射模塑法获得的部件的局部电镀方法,其特征在于具有以下步骤:
-在模具中垫一层膜;
-向模具中注射一种可电镀材料;
-脱模得到部件;
-电镀整个部件;
所述膜由一种不可电镀的材料组成,与注射的可电镀材料具有强粘附性。
按照一种优选特征,本发明的方法包括在将所述膜垫入所述模具中之前对所述膜上色和/或印刷的步骤。
随实施方式的不同,所述膜的印刷可以通过丝网印刷或者喷墨印刷实现。
随实施方式的不同,所述膜的印刷可以在膜的外表面上实现,或者在膜与注射材料接触的内表面上实现,如此,则所述膜由透明材料构成。
随实施方式的不同,所述膜的材料可以是聚碳酸酯(PC)、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBT),或者聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)。
根据一个特征,注射到所述模具中以构成所述部件的材料是塑料,最好是丙稀腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯(ABS),或者是丙稀腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯/聚碳酸酯(ABS/PC)。
本发明还涉及一种由一种可电镀材料构成的部件,其外观表面部分电镀,其特征在于,所述外观部分的不电镀的部分覆盖有一层不可电镀的、与构成所述部件的可电镀材料强力粘附的材料的膜。
根据一个特征,覆盖所述外观表面的不镀金属的部分的所述膜带有装饰。
根据实施变型,所述装饰可以是着色和/或印刷。
根据一个特征,所述局部电镀的部件是塑料的,最好是丙稀腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯(ABS),或者是丙稀腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯/聚碳酸酯(ABS/PC)。
根据一种应用,本发明涉及一种包括一个外壳的无线通信终端,外壳的外表面局部电镀,其特征在于,所述外壳的不被电镀的表面部分覆盖有一层膜,该膜是不可电镀的、与构成所述外壳的材料强力粘附的材料。
                    附图说明
阅读下面参照附图进行的、作为说明性举例而非限制性的详细说明,可以更清楚地了解本发明的特征和优点。附图中:
图1,如前所述,示出的是第一种现有技术的电镀部件;
图2,如前所述,示出的是第二种现有技术的电镀部件;
图3示出了本发明的方法的电镀部件;
图4a和图4b示出了本发明的注射模塑方法的步骤。
                   具体实施方式
见图3。一个部件10被局部电镀30。该部件10由一种可电镀的材料11构成,所述材料例如是塑料,比如丙稀腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯(ABS),或者丙稀腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯/聚碳酸酯(ABS/PC),这些材料可以被酸浴腐蚀而允许金属粒子淀积和淀积金属盐的电镀反应,如前已结合现有技术所述的那样。该部件10最好按照传统的注射模塑技术实现,这种技术事实上可以获得任何形状的部件。
该部件10应当只在其外观表面的特定部分上被电镀30。为此,根据本发明,在用来注射模塑所述部件的模具20中垫入一层膜15。如图4a和4b所示,该膜15在注射材料11(塑料或其它材料)之前垫入,牢实地贴在模具20的壁上,以避免在注射的过程中在模具中材料11的压力作用下发生任何偏移或者折叠的危险。随涉及的工业领域的不同,所述膜15可以手工设置或者用机器人设置。
所述膜应当由一种不可电镀的材料构成,所述材料比如是,例如,聚碳酸酯(PC)塑料,聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBT)塑料,或者聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)塑料。所述膜还应当与构成所述部件10的注射材料11相容。尤其是,所述膜15的材料与所述注射材料11应当具有良好的粘附性。另外,所述膜15最好比较薄,这样不会改变模具赋予所述部件的形状。
根据本发明的一个特征,所述膜15在垫入模具20之前最好加以装饰。装饰可以是上色,赋予部件10的不被电镀的外观表面部分特定的色彩。装饰也可以是印刷图案,例如徽标、文本等,用传统的丝网印刷或者喷墨印刷技术实现。按照实施方式和应用的不同,所述装饰可以在膜的与注射材料接触的内表面(因此膜是透明的),或者在膜的外表面。最好,将装饰做在膜的内表面,这样可以保护它不受磨损,从而保障更长的寿命。
在部件的按照传统技术的注射成型和脱模之后,将带有膜15的部件10整体电镀,也就是说电镀时不使用罩子或者其它保护。
酸浴腐蚀构成部件10的材料11但不腐蚀所述膜15。因此,用于淀积金属的孔穴只形成于部件10的未被膜15保护的表面上,在部件的被膜15覆盖的表面部分不会发生电镀反应。这样就得到了局部电镀的部件10,其一部分外观表面没有镀上金属,而另一部分外观表面镀上了金属,这两部分的表面是相互连续的,未被电镀的外观表面部分最好覆盖有一层装饰膜。
本发明的方法因此将局部电镀部件的功能和对部件的装饰结合起来。另外,本方法易于实施,在大规模工业生产时实施成本低。

Claims (14)

1.一种用喷射模塑法获得的部件(10)的局部电镀方法,其特征在于具有以下步骤:
-在模具(20)中垫一层膜(15);
-向模具(20)中注射一种可电镀材料(11);
-脱模得到部件(10);
-电镀(30)整个部件(10);
所述膜(15)由一种不可电镀的材料组成,该材料与注射的可电镀材料(11)具有强粘附性。
2.如权利要求1所述的电镀方法,其特征在于它包括这样的步骤:在将所述膜垫入所述模具中之前对所述膜(15)上色和/或印刷。
3.如权利要求2所述的电镀方法,其特征在于,所述膜的印刷通过丝网印刷或者喷墨印刷实现。
4.如权利要求2所述的电镀方法,其特征在于,所述膜的印刷在膜与注射材料接触的内表面上实现,所述膜由透明材料构成。
5.如权利要求2所述的电镀方法,其特征在于,所述膜的印刷在膜的外表面上实现。
6.如前述任一权利要求所述的电镀方法,其特征在于所述膜(15)的材料是聚碳酸酯(PC)、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBT),或者聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)。
7.如前述任一权利要求所述的电镀方法,其特征在于,注射到所述模具(20)中以构成所述部件(10)的可电镀材料(11)是塑料。
8.如权利要求7所述的电镀方法,其特征在于,注射到所述模具中以构成所述部件(10)的材料(11)是丙稀腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯(ABS),或者是丙稀腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯/聚碳酸酯(ABS/PC)。
9.一种由一种可电镀材料构成的部件(10),其外观表面被部分电镀(30),其特征在于,所述外观部分的不电镀的部分覆盖有一层不可电镀的、与构成所述部件的可电镀材料(11)强力粘附的材料的膜(15)。
10.如权利要求9所述的部件,其特征在于覆盖所述外观表面的不电镀的部分的所述膜(15)带有装饰。
11.如权利要求10所述的部件,其特征在于,所述装饰是着色和/或印刷。
12.如权利要求9到11之一所述的部件,其特征在于,构成所述部件(10)的材料(11)是塑料。
13.如权利要求12所述的部件,其特征在于,构成所述部件(10)的塑料是丙稀腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯(ABS),或者是丙稀腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯/聚碳酸酯(ABS/PC)。
14.一种包括一个外壳的无线通信终端,外壳的外表面局部电镀,其特征在于,所述外壳的不被电镀的表面部分覆盖有一层膜,该膜是不可电镀的、与构成所述外壳的材料强力粘附的材料。
CN02126212.8A 2001-07-16 2002-07-15 用喷射模塑法获得的部件的局部电镀方法 Pending CN1397420A (zh)

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