CN1319728C - 装饰层压材料 - Google Patents

装饰层压材料 Download PDF

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CN1319728C
CN1319728C CNB021084769A CN02108476A CN1319728C CN 1319728 C CN1319728 C CN 1319728C CN B021084769 A CNB021084769 A CN B021084769A CN 02108476 A CN02108476 A CN 02108476A CN 1319728 C CN1319728 C CN 1319728C
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layer
laminated material
substrate
thermoplastic
polyurethane
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CN1383979A (zh
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P·埃尼沃德森
M·劳特
J·海蒂
R·施特恩布洛克
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Epurex Films & CoKg GmbH
Bayer AG
Dow Produktions und Vertriebs GmbH and Co OHG
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Wolff Walsrode AG
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/40Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyurethanes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/18Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
    • B32B27/20Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using fillers, pigments, thixotroping agents
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/14Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
    • B29C45/14688Coating articles provided with a decoration
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
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    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
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    • B29C45/14688Coating articles provided with a decoration
    • B29C2045/14696Coating articles provided with a decoration transparent decorated inserts
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
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    • B29C45/14688Coating articles provided with a decoration
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    • B32B2451/00Decorative or ornamental articles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B38/00Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
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    • B32B38/145Printing
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    • Y10T428/24Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24355Continuous and nonuniform or irregular surface on layer or component [e.g., roofing, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24364Continuous and nonuniform or irregular surface on layer or component [e.g., roofing, etc.] with transparent or protective coating
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10T428/24Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
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    • Y10T428/24884Translucent layer comprises natural oil, wax, resin, gum, glue, gelatin
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    • Y10T428/26Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified physical dimension
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    • Y10T428/264Up to 3 mils
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    • Y10T428/31504Composite [nonstructural laminate]
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Abstract

本发明公开了含有印花层、透明热塑性聚氨酯层和热塑材料的衬底形成层的层压材料。该层压材料的特征在于印花层位于衬底形成层和聚氨酯层之间,它适合于制备许多用品。

Description

装饰层压材料
发明领域
本发明涉及一种薄膜层压材料,更确切地说是涉及一种含有印花薄膜的层压材料。
发明概述
本发明公开了含有印花层、透明的热塑性聚氨酯层和热塑材料的衬底形成层的层压材料。该层压材料的特征在于印花层位于衬底形成层和聚氨酯层之间,它适于制备各种用品。
发明背景
具有有色层的反向喷涂的层压材料在原则上已经是公知的(例如见DE 44 24106A),其是耐高温的油墨(见DE 198 32 570 A1和DE 44 21 561 A1和Proll公司的Treuchtlinger Str.29,91781 Weiβenburg于1999年11月出版的、题目为“Einfuhrungin die IMD-Technologie”的文章)。DE 44 24 106 A1中描述的层压材料具有严重的缺点,但是在DE 44 24 106 A1中既没有提到这些缺点,也没有指出任何补救方法和措施。其中提到所用的薄膜只能伸展至很小的程度,而且必须在复杂的中间步骤中预热后经真空或高压冷冻形成。该步骤引起了不必要的热塑材料的应力,并导致薄膜的机械性能退化。尽管不能得到具有耐高磨损的部分,但是利用基于聚碳酸酯的薄膜生成的产物较柔软并有良好的触觉。装饰的层压材料的应用领域受到限制。由于不需要用作粘合剂的中间层,所以将聚氨酯层从水分散系或从有机溶剂中进行涂覆,根据本发明这是不必要的中间步骤。在DE 44 24 106 A1中提到的热塑材料层必须在高温下(>260℃)喷涂,由于后面的有色层将被洗涤掉并变形,所以现有技术中的层压材料需要使用上述的中间层。
因此需要有效地简化装饰层压材料的制备,并需要进一步开发迄今难以适用的应用领域。
DE 44 24 106 A1中记载的层压材料也具有较高的肖氏硬度。
令人惊奇的发现已经制备出了具有很低的肖氏硬度的、基于热塑性聚氨酯薄膜的、没有任何问题的层压材料。
而且,还发现因其非常高的胀度,这种薄膜可以适应于所需的任何给定几何形状,所以预成型步骤(热成型)是不必要的。
而且还发现,与Proll公司不同的是油墨也可粘附到热塑性的TPU薄膜上。
发明详述
本发明提供了一种基于透明的热塑性聚氨酯和热塑材料衬底的印花薄膜的复合材料,其中印花层位于衬底和聚氨酯薄膜之间。
特别优选的层压材料的层厚度为0.2mm~20mm,在有关衬底的形成和定形方面,其导致大的自由度。
优选地,印花层含有耐高温的有色油墨,例如Offenlegungsschrift DE 198 32570A1中已知的油墨。
特别优选的印花层的层厚度为3~50μm。
特别优选使用软化点为160℃~200℃的有色层作为印花层。
用于印制塑料材料的耐高温的、灵活的油墨由颜料、粘结剂和任选地传统的油墨辅助物质组成,其中粘结剂的含量至少是20wt%,以油墨的总重计,而且该部分的粘结剂由40~90wt.%的第一粘结剂组分和60~10wt.%的第二粘结剂组分组成,在每种情况下都是指粘结剂的总重,第一粘结剂组分选自
-大体上对应于分子式[C22H24O3]n、平均分子量为20,000~40,000的4,4′-二羟基二苯基-3,3,5-三甲基-环己烷形成的均聚碳酸酯
-和/或大体上对应于分子式[C22H24O3]n-[C16H14O3]m、平均分子量为30,000~50,000的4,4′-二羟基二苯基-异丙烷和4,4′-二羟基二苯基-3,3,5-三甲基环己烷形成的共聚碳酸酯,其中
n表示大于50摩尔%但小于95摩尔%,和
m表示大于5摩尔%但小于50摩尔%的共聚碳酸酯,其特征在于第二粘结剂组分是热塑性的、线性的、非离子的、脂肪族的或环脂肪族的聚酯聚氨酯,它可通过将脂肪族的或环脂肪族的二异氰酸酯与平均分子量为1,000~5,000的脂肪族的聚酯多元醇反应,任选地在链增长试剂的存在下,同时保持NCO/OH的当量比率为0.9∶1.0~1.0∶1.1,任选地在催化剂存在下,在不含有活性氢的有机溶剂中进行反应而得到。
用于层压材料的衬底的热塑材料特别选自下面的物质:聚酰胺、聚酯、聚烯烃、苯乙烯共聚物、聚苯醚、聚碳酸酯、聚苯硫醚、聚氯乙烯、聚氨酯、聚(亚苯基砜)或聚(醚-醚酮)或其混合物。
具体的讲衬底还可含有厚度为0.1mm~19mm的热塑材料层,其部分地具有多层结构并且/或者是透明的。
对于层压材料的热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)薄膜,优选软化点(根据Kofler)为140℃~180℃、优选155℃~170℃的材料。优选的TPU在油墨的耐温范围内具有适当的熔融粘度,并且在没有洗涤掉油墨的情况下进行反向喷射。
特别是,薄膜的硬度为50肖氏A~95肖氏A,优选65肖氏A~90肖氏A。这样层压材料具有所期望的迷人外观。
TPU薄膜的厚度优选至少为0.025mm,更优选为0.05~0.5mm,特别优选0.08~0.3mm。优选的厚度为喷涂后的衬底提供必需的热量的快速耗散。特别优选的厚度得能够使高熔点的热塑性材料得以被使用。
在优选的层压材料的改进中,在衬底和印花层之间使用了热塑材料的另一个中间层,其不同于衬底材料,具体的讲是热塑性聚氨酯,优选透明的热塑性聚氨酯,其用作热塑材料的绝缘层,该热塑材料的熔点大于油墨的稳定温度。
在本发明的特殊改进中,衬底的热塑材料是透明塑料。
在某些应用中,如果用该种方法使用层压材料,那么衬底形成相对于外部的覆盖层是有利的。透明衬底特别适合于所有外部可见的应用(例如用于制鞋工业)。
由于热塑性聚氨酯弹性体(TPU)具有优良的机械性能并且能便宜地热塑加工,所以它们在技术上是很重要的。其机械性能在很大范围内随着不同化学引发组分的使用而变化。在Kunststoff 68(1978),pp.819-825和Kautschuk,Gummi,Kunststoffe 35(1982),pp.568-584中给出了TPU的全面细节、其性能和应用。
TPU由线性的多元醇、通常是聚酯或聚醚多元醇、有机二异氰酸酯和短链二醇(扩链剂)制备。为了加速形成反应,另外还可加入催化剂。引发组分的摩尔比率可以在很宽的范围内变化,这样可以调节产物的性能。已经证明多元醇与扩链剂的适当摩尔比率为1∶1~1∶12。这样生成的产物具有的硬度为70肖氏A~75肖氏D。热塑加工的聚氨酯弹性体的合成要么受到逐步过程(预聚物加工)的影响,要么受到单级过程中(单射程加工)所有组分同步反应的影响。在预聚合过程中多元醇和二异氰酸酯形成含有异氰酸酯的预聚物,然后该预聚物在第二步骤中与扩链剂反应。TPU可以连续制备或间歇制备。最好的已知的的工业生产是汽提加工和挤压机加工。
根据本发明,将下面的聚氨酯形成组分进行反应可以得到所用的热塑加工聚氨酯。
A)有机的二异氰酸酯,
B)分子量为500~5000的线性端羟基多元醇,
C)分子量为60~500的二醇或二胺扩链剂,
A)中NCO基团与B)和C)中对于异氰酸酯呈活性的基团的摩尔比率是0.9~1.2。
至于有机二异氰酸酯A),可以使用诸如记载于Justus Liebigs Annalen der Chemie,562,pp.75-13中的脂肪族的、环脂肪族的、芳脂肪族的、杂环的和芳香族的二异氰酸酯。
具体的讲,例如,可以提到下面的二异氰酸酯:脂肪族的二异氰酸酯诸如六亚甲基二异氰酸酯、环脂族二异氰酸酯诸如异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、1,4-环己烷二异氰酸酯、1-甲基-2,4-环己烷二异氰酸酯和1-甲基-2,6-环己烷二异氰酸酯以及相应的异构体混合物、4,4′-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯、2,4′-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯和2,2′-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯及其相应的异构体混合物、芳香族的二异氰酸酯诸如2,4-亚苄基二异氰酸酯、2,4-亚苄基二异氰酸酯和2,6-亚苄基二异氰酸酯的混合物、4,4′-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、2,4′-二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯和2,2′-二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯、2,4′-二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯和4,4′-二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯的混合物、尿烷-改性的液体4,4′-二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯和2,4′-二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯、4,4′-二异氰酸酯二苯基乙烷-(1,2)和1,5-亚萘基二异氰酸酯。优选使用1,6-六亚甲基二异氰酸酯、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯、二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯异构体混合物(其中4,4′-二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯的含量>96wt.%),特别是4,4′-二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯和1,5-亚萘基二异氰酸酯。上面提到的二异氰酸酯可以单独使用或者以相互混合的形式使用。
其也可以使用最多是15wt.%(以二异氰酸酯的总量计算)的聚异氰酸酯,例如三苯基甲烷-4,4′,4″-三异氰酸酯或聚苯聚亚甲基聚异氰酸酯。
至于组分B)可以使用分子量为500~5000的线性端羟基的多元醇。根据生产条件,其经常含有少量的非线性化合物。因此人们经常提到“大体上线性的多元醇”。优选的是聚酯、聚醚或聚碳酸酯二醇或其混合物。
将一种或多种在亚烷基基团中含有2至4个碳原子的亚烷基氧化物和以成键形式含有两个活性氢原子的引发分子反应来制备适当的聚醚二醇。作为亚烷基氧化物的例子可以提到下面的物质:环氧乙烷、1,2-环氧丙烷、环氧氯丙烷和1,2-环氧丁烷和2,3-环氧丁烷。优选使用环氧乙烷、环氧丙烷及1,2-环氧丙烷和环氧乙烷的混合物。亚烷基氧化物也可以单独使用,或者相互混合以混合物的形式使用。适当的引发分子的例子包括:水、诸如N-烷基二乙醇胺的氨基醇,例如N-甲基二乙醇胺和诸如乙烯乙二醇、1,3-丙烯乙二醇、1,4-丁二醇和1,6-己二醇的二醇。任选地也可使用引发分子的混合物。而且适当的聚醚二醇是含有羟基的四氢呋喃的聚合产物。尽管至多是形成热塑加工产物的量,但是使用的三官能聚醚的量为0~30wt.%(以双官能团的聚醚计)。大体上线性的聚醚二醇的分子量为500~5000。其可以单独使用也可以以相互混合的混合物的形式使用。
例如适当的聚酯二醇可以由具有2~12个碳原子、优选4~6个碳原子的二羧酸和多羟基醇制备。适当的二羧酸的例子是:诸如琥珀酸、戊二酸、己二酸、辛二酸、壬二酸、癸二酸的脂肪族的二羧酸和诸如邻苯二甲酸、间苯二甲酸、对苯二甲酸的芳香族的二羧酸。二羧酸可以单独使用或者混合使用,例如以琥珀酸、戊二酸和己二酸的混合物的形式。对于聚酯二醇的生产,可以有利地使用聚酯二醇而不是二羧酸,例如在醇基中含有1至4个碳原子的羧酸二酯的相应的二羧酸衍生物、羧酸酐或羧酸氯化物。多羟基醇的例子是具有2至10个、优选2-6个碳原子的二醇类,例如乙二醇、二乙二醇、1,4-丁二醇、1,5-戊二醇、1,6-己二醇、1,10-癸烷二醇、2,2-二甲基-1,3-丙二醇、1,3-丙二醇和二丙烯乙二醇。根据所希望的性能,多羟基醇可以单独使用或任选地以相互混合的形式使用。适当的是碳酸与上述二醇生成的酯,特别是具有4至6个碳原子的、诸如1,4-丁二醇或1,6-己二醇或羟基羧酸的缩合产物,例如羟基己酸和内酯的聚合产物,例如任选取代的己内酯。作为聚酯二醇,优选使用聚己二酸乙二醇酯、聚己二酸1,4-丁二醇酯、聚己二酸乙二醇-1,4-丁二醇酯、聚己二酸1,6-己二醇新戊基二醇酯、聚己二酸1,6-己二醇-1,4-丁二醇酯和聚己内酯。聚酯二醇的分子量为500~5000,并且可以单独使用也可以相互混合的形式使用。
至于扩链剂C),可以使用分子量为60~500的二醇和二胺,优选具有2至14个碳原子的脂肪族的二醇,例如乙二醇、1,6-己二醇、二乙二醇、二丙二醇,特别是1,4-丁二醇。但是适当的是对苯二甲酸与具有2至4个碳原子的二醇的二酯,例如对苯二甲酸二-乙二醇或对苯二甲酸二-1,4-丁二醇,氢醌的羟基亚烷基醚,例如1,4-二(羟乙基)氢醌、乙氧基化的双酚,环脂肪族的二胺,例如异佛尔酮二胺、乙烯二胺、1,2-丙烯二胺、1,3-丙烯二胺、N-甲基丙烯-1,3-二胺、N,N′-二甲基乙烯二胺和芳香族的二胺,例如2,4-甲代苯二胺和2,6-甲代苯二胺、3,5-二乙基-2,4-甲代苯-二胺和3,5-二乙基-2,6-甲代苯二胺和伯单-、双-、三-或四烷基取代的4,4′-二氨基二苯甲烷。也可以使用上述扩链剂的混合物。另外,也可以加入相对少量的三醇。
而且,作为扩链剂或脱模剂也可以使用少量传统的单官能团的化合物。上面提到的例子包括:诸如辛醇和硬脂醇的醇或诸如丁胺和硬脂胺的胺。
对于TPU的制备,引发组分可以相互反应,任选地在催化剂、辅助物质和添加剂存在下进行反应,其中NCO基团与活性NCO基团的总和、具体的讲是低分子量的二醇/三醇和多元醇的OH基团的当量比率达到0.9∶1.0~1.2∶1.0,优选0.95∶1.0~1.10∶1.0。
根据本发明适当的催化剂是现有技术中已知的传统使用的三胺,例如二甲基环己胺、N-甲基吗啉、N,N′-二甲基哌嗪、2-(二甲基氨基乙氧基)乙醇、二氮二环-(2,2,2)-辛烷以及类似的化合物,特别是诸如钛酸酯、铁化合物、锡化合物的有机金属化合物,例如二乙酸锡、二辛酸锡、二月桂酸锡或脂肪族羧酸的二烷基锡盐诸如二乙酸二丁基锡、二月桂酸二丁基锡等。优选的催化剂是有机金属化合物,特别是钛酸酯、铁化合物或锡化合物。
除了TPU组分和催化剂,还可加入其它的辅助试剂和添加剂。例如,可提到诸如脂肪酸酯、其金属皂、脂肪酰胺和硅氧烷化合物的润滑剂、抗阻塞剂、抑制剂、阻止水解、光、热和脱色的稳定剂、防焰试剂、着色剂、颜料、无机或有机填料和增强剂。具体的讲增强剂是根据现有技术制备的无机纤维之类的纤维状的增强物质,其也可以与胶料进行混合。从诸如J.H.Saunders,K.C.Frisch:″High Polymers″,Vol.XVI,Polyurethanes,Parts 1 and 2,Interscience Publishers 1962/1964,R.Gchter,H.MüIler(Eds.):Taschenbuch der Kunststoff-Additive,3rd Edition,Hanser Verlag,Munich 1989或DE-A 29 01 774之类的专业文献中可以得到上面提到的辅助物质和添加剂的更进一步的细节。
可以掺合进TPU中的其它添加剂包括诸如聚碳酸酯和丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯三元共聚物的热塑材料,特别是ABS。其它的诸如橡胶、乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物、苯乙烯-丁二烯共聚物之类的弹性体以及其它的TPU也可以使用。诸如磷酸酯、邻苯二甲酸酯、己二酸酯、癸二酸酯、烷基磺酸酯之类的商业上可得的增塑剂也适合于掺合进TPU中。
本发明所用的TPU可以用所谓的挤出机加工来连续制备,例如多柄挤出机。TPU组分A)、B)和C)的测量可以同时进行(即单射程加工)或连续进行(即按照预聚物加工)。在该种连接中可以将预聚物分批加入,或者从挤出机的一部分或从分开的上游预聚物单元中连续制备。
本发明使用的薄膜可以按照出版物DE 25 17 033 A1和DE 25 31 240 A1中已知的方法来制备。
层压材料可以在很宽的工业范围内应用,同时对印花装饰保护和覆盖层的特殊感觉(专业术语:触觉学)也要给予重视。
本发明还提供了层压材料的应用,根据本发明可将其用于制鞋,特别是运动鞋、手表带、电器外壳,特别是移动电话、家用用具、声频和视频设备、玩具、工具和屏风,特别是车辆上的加热和通风屏风以及动物识别标记。
                            实施例
实施例1
通过筛网印花方法将耐高温油墨涂覆到0.15mm厚的热塑性聚氨酯的透明膜上,其硬度为80肖氏A,软化温度(根据Kofler)为170℃。经真空将薄膜放置于注塑模具中,以便油墨能面对着喷嘴。将注塑模具的温度恒温控制在25-35℃。恒温控制设备必须具有开孔使得热塑性聚氨酯注入熔化的热能能够释放出来,从而达到至少170K/min的温降。将所述的热塑性聚氨酯于226℃的体相温度注入。注入速率为30毫米/秒。在该实验中使用了浇口系统,其浇口槽始端的直径为2mm。圆锥形浇口槽的末端直径为4mm。在60秒的循环时间中生成试验体。按照本发明描述的方法可以得到压材料。
实施例2
重复实施例1,所不同的是用混合的丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物/聚碳酸酯掺合物代替聚氨酯,用于反向喷涂的体相温度为260℃。在浇口区域进行洗涤(=最大温差)。
实施例3
重复实施例1,所不同的是用聚碳酸酯代替聚氨酯,用于反向喷涂的体相温度为290℃。将印花薄膜深度洗涤。
实施例4
重复实施例2。在该实验中使用浇口系统,其浇口槽的始端直径由2mm增加到3.5mm。圆锥形浇口槽的末端直径由4mm增加到5.5mm。通过减小诱导摩擦的熔化温升(从29℃到12℃的温差)以及将最大剪切负荷从11,000l/sec减小到约6,100l/sec,本发明的层压材料可由一种热塑材料获得,热塑材料的加工(=熔化)温度高于油墨的稳定温度。
实施例5
重复实施例3。利用在实施例4中所用的浇口系统。同时选择特殊的聚碳酸酯(例如取自Bayer AG的Makrolon 2405),其270℃的加工温度大体上低于其它聚碳酸酯的加工温度。本发明的这些特征的组合生成了层压材料。
尽管在前面为举例的目的,已经详细描述了本发明,但是应理解成该细节仅仅是用于举例说明的目的,而且本领域的技术人员作出的改变都没有偏离本发明的权利要求所要求的精神和范围。

Claims (6)

1.一种由印花层、透明热塑性聚氨酯层和热塑材料的衬底形成层以及任选的热塑材料的中间层组成的层压材料,其中印花层位于衬底形成层和聚氨酯层之间,其中所述的中间层,如果存在的话,位于衬底形成层和印花层之间,所述中间层含有不同于所述衬底层的材料,其中印花层含有耐高温的有色油墨,并且其中根据Kofler的透明热塑性聚氨酯层的软化温度为140~180℃,肖氏A硬度为50~95,厚度为至少0.025mm。
2.根据权利要求1的层压材料,其中所述的热塑材料至少是一种选自聚酰胺、聚酯、聚烯烃、苯乙烯共聚物、聚苯醚、聚碳酸酯、聚苯硫醚、聚氯乙烯、聚氨酯、聚(亚苯基砜)和聚(醚-醚酮)的物质。
3.根据权利要求1的层压材料,其中印花层的厚度为3~50μm。
4.根据权利要求1的层压材料,其中热塑材料是透明的。
5.根据权利要求1的层压材料,其中衬底形成对应于外部的覆盖层。
6.应用权利要求1的层压材料的方法,包括将所述的层压材料用于生产一种工业用品。
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