CN1269246C - 气体扩散电极的制造方法 - Google Patents
气体扩散电极的制造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1269246C CN1269246C CNB028195094A CN02819509A CN1269246C CN 1269246 C CN1269246 C CN 1269246C CN B028195094 A CNB028195094 A CN B028195094A CN 02819509 A CN02819509 A CN 02819509A CN 1269246 C CN1269246 C CN 1269246C
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- rolling
- mixture
- laminated structure
- roller
- powders
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- NDVLTYZPCACLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ag+].[Ag+] NDVLTYZPCACLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 229910001923 silver oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229960002668 sodium chloride Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000557 Nafion® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001514 alkali metal chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006262 metallic foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001925 ruthenium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WOCIAKWEIIZHES-UHFFFAOYSA-N ruthenium(iv) oxide Chemical compound O=[Ru]=O WOCIAKWEIIZHES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/88—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/8875—Methods for shaping the electrode into free-standing bodies, like sheets, films or grids, e.g. moulding, hot-pressing, casting without support, extrusion without support
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/88—Processes of manufacture
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
- C25B11/02—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or form
- C25B11/03—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or form perforated or foraminous
- C25B11/031—Porous electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/8605—Porous electrodes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/53—Means to assemble or disassemble
- Y10T29/5313—Means to assemble electrical device
- Y10T29/532—Conductor
- Y10T29/53204—Electrode
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrodes For Compound Or Non-Metal Manufacture (AREA)
- Inert Electrodes (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (11)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10148599A DE10148599A1 (de) | 2001-10-02 | 2001-10-02 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Gasdiffusionselektroden aus trockenen Pulvermischungen mittels Walzen |
DE10148599.9 | 2001-10-02 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN1565065A CN1565065A (zh) | 2005-01-12 |
CN1269246C true CN1269246C (zh) | 2006-08-09 |
Family
ID=7701122
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CNB028195094A Expired - Lifetime CN1269246C (zh) | 2001-10-02 | 2002-09-19 | 气体扩散电极的制造方法 |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6838408B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1446849B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP4498738B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR20040040483A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1269246C (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2002329279A1 (zh) |
BR (1) | BR0213008A (zh) |
DE (1) | DE10148599A1 (zh) |
HU (1) | HUP0401685A2 (zh) |
PL (1) | PL369434A1 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2003032417A2 (zh) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103014753A (zh) * | 2011-09-23 | 2013-04-03 | 拜耳知识产权有限责任公司 | 耗氧电极及其制备方法 |
CN105392926A (zh) * | 2013-07-26 | 2016-03-09 | 夏普株式会社 | 水电解用多孔质导电部件和使用其的功能水生成器 |
Families Citing this family (23)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10157521A1 (de) * | 2001-11-23 | 2003-06-05 | Bayer Ag | Behandlung der Walzen bei der Herstellung von Gasdiffusionselektroden |
NO320029B1 (no) * | 2003-07-07 | 2005-10-10 | Revolt Technology As | Fremgangsmate for fremstilling av gassdiffusjonselektroder |
JP4154315B2 (ja) * | 2003-11-21 | 2008-09-24 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 燃料電池 |
DE102005023615A1 (de) | 2005-05-21 | 2006-11-23 | Bayer Materialscience Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Gasdiffusionselektroden |
DE102010024053A1 (de) * | 2010-06-16 | 2011-12-22 | Bayer Materialscience Ag | Sauerstoffverzehrelektrode und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung |
DE102010030203A1 (de) | 2010-06-17 | 2011-12-22 | Bayer Materialscience Ag | Gasdiffusionselektrode und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung |
DE102010042004A1 (de) * | 2010-10-05 | 2012-04-05 | Bayer Materialscience Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur Herstellung von transport- und lagerstabilen Sauerstoffverzehrelektroden |
DE102010042730A1 (de) | 2010-10-21 | 2012-04-26 | Bayer Materialscience Aktiengesellschaft | Sauerstoffverzehrelektrode |
DE102010042729A1 (de) | 2010-10-21 | 2012-04-26 | Bayer Materialscience Aktiengesellschaft | Sauerstoffverzehrkathode und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung |
DE102011005454A1 (de) | 2011-03-11 | 2012-09-13 | Bayer Materialscience Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Sauerstoffverzehrelektroden |
EP2573210B1 (de) | 2011-09-23 | 2016-10-26 | Covestro Deutschland AG | Sauerstoffverzehrelektrode und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung |
US9222178B2 (en) | 2013-01-22 | 2015-12-29 | GTA, Inc. | Electrolyzer |
US8808512B2 (en) | 2013-01-22 | 2014-08-19 | GTA, Inc. | Electrolyzer apparatus and method of making it |
JP2015050023A (ja) * | 2013-08-30 | 2015-03-16 | 東芝燃料電池システム株式会社 | 燃料電池触媒層の製造方法および燃料電池触媒層の製造装置 |
JP6277490B2 (ja) | 2014-02-10 | 2018-02-14 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 塗膜物の製造装置 |
KR101725631B1 (ko) | 2015-05-12 | 2017-04-11 | 황태호 | 골프용 자세보정기구 |
DE102015215309A1 (de) | 2015-08-11 | 2017-02-16 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Präparationstechnik von kohlenwasserstoffselektiven Gasdiffusionselektroden basierend auf Cu-haltigen-Katalysatoren |
DE102017204096A1 (de) | 2017-03-13 | 2018-09-13 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Herstellung von Gasdiffusionselektroden mit Ionentransport-Harzen zur elektrochemischen Reduktion von CO2 zu chemischen Wertstoffen |
DE102017208220A1 (de) | 2017-05-16 | 2018-11-22 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Trockenfilms sowie Trockenfilm und mit dem Trockenfilm beschichtetes Substrat |
EP3418429A1 (de) | 2017-06-21 | 2018-12-26 | Covestro Deutschland AG | Gasdiffusionselektrode zur reduktion von kohlendioxid |
WO2019007831A1 (de) | 2017-07-03 | 2019-01-10 | Covestro Deutschland Ag | Elektrochemisches verfahren zur herstellung von diarylcarbonaten |
EP3649277A1 (de) | 2017-07-03 | 2020-05-13 | Covestro Deutschland AG | Elektrochemisches verfahren zur herstellung von arylalkylcarbonaten oder diarylcarbonaten |
DE102018210458A1 (de) | 2018-06-27 | 2020-01-02 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Gasdiffusionselektrode zur Kohlendioxid-Verwertung, Verfahren zu deren Herstellung sowie Elektrolysezelle mit Gasdiffusionselektrode |
Family Cites Families (21)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA1008623A (en) * | 1972-02-11 | 1977-04-19 | Gould Inc. | Process and apparatus for manufacture of an electrode |
DE2812040C2 (de) * | 1978-03-20 | 1985-02-28 | Varta Batterie Ag, 3000 Hannover | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Luftsauerstoffelektrode |
US4350608A (en) * | 1978-04-24 | 1982-09-21 | Diamond Shamrock Corporation | Oxygen cathode for alkali-halide electrolysis and method of making same |
DE2941774C2 (de) | 1979-10-16 | 1985-03-21 | Varta Batterie Ag, 3000 Hannover | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung einer kunststoffgebundenen Aktivkohleschicht für dünne Gasdiffusionselektroden |
FR2468218A1 (fr) * | 1979-10-18 | 1981-04-30 | Alsthom Cgee | Procede de fabrication par calandrage de bandes minces poreuses et produits obtenus, notamment electrodes pour piles a combustible |
JPS56142881A (en) * | 1980-04-04 | 1981-11-07 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | Preparation of cathode for preparing alkali hydroxide |
US4339325A (en) * | 1980-10-31 | 1982-07-13 | Diamond Shamrock Corporation | One pass process for forming electrode backing sheet |
US4529672A (en) * | 1983-03-29 | 1985-07-16 | Union Carbide Corporation | Process of making electrochemical electrodes and electrodes made thereby |
DE3342969A1 (de) * | 1983-11-28 | 1985-06-05 | Varta Batterie Ag, 3000 Hannover | Poroese gaselektrode |
JPS6122570A (ja) * | 1984-07-09 | 1986-01-31 | Toshiba Corp | 空気電極の製造方法 |
JPS6293388A (ja) * | 1985-10-17 | 1987-04-28 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | 電解槽 |
DE3710168A1 (de) * | 1987-03-27 | 1988-10-13 | Varta Batterie | Verfahren zur herstellung einer kunststoffgebundenen gasdiffusionselektrode mit metallischen elektrokatalysatoren |
DE3722019A1 (de) * | 1987-07-03 | 1989-01-12 | Varta Batterie | Verfahren zur herstellung einer kunststoffgebundenen gasdiffusionselektrode, die einen manganoxidkatalysator der ueberwiegenden zusammensetzung mno(pfeil abwaerts)2(pfeil abwaerts)o(pfeil abwaerts)3(pfeil abwaerts)* x mn(pfeil abwaerts)5(pfeil abwaerts)o(pfeil abwaerts)8(pfeil abwaerts) enthaelt |
JPH07249415A (ja) * | 1994-03-10 | 1995-09-26 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 空気亜鉛電池用触媒層の製造法 |
KR100201572B1 (ko) * | 1997-04-18 | 1999-06-15 | 최수현 | 코팅 및 롤링의 혼합법에 의한 연료전지의 전극 제조방법 |
US6210827B1 (en) * | 1998-03-06 | 2001-04-03 | Rayovac Corporation | Elongate air depolarized electrochemical cells |
JP3002974B2 (ja) * | 1998-05-20 | 2000-01-24 | 長一 古屋 | ガス拡散電極の製造方法 |
US6368365B1 (en) * | 2000-03-23 | 2002-04-09 | The Gillette Company | Method of making a battery |
US6780388B2 (en) * | 2000-05-31 | 2004-08-24 | Showa Denko K.K. | Electrically conducting fine carbon composite powder, catalyst for polymer electrolyte fuel battery and fuel battery |
US6627035B2 (en) * | 2001-01-24 | 2003-09-30 | Gas Technology Institute | Gas diffusion electrode manufacture and MEA fabrication |
DE10157521A1 (de) * | 2001-11-23 | 2003-06-05 | Bayer Ag | Behandlung der Walzen bei der Herstellung von Gasdiffusionselektroden |
-
2001
- 2001-10-02 DE DE10148599A patent/DE10148599A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2002
- 2002-09-19 CN CNB028195094A patent/CN1269246C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-09-19 JP JP2003535277A patent/JP4498738B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-09-19 EP EP02764885.6A patent/EP1446849B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-09-19 KR KR10-2004-7004773A patent/KR20040040483A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-09-19 HU HU0401685A patent/HUP0401685A2/hu unknown
- 2002-09-19 PL PL02369434A patent/PL369434A1/xx unknown
- 2002-09-19 BR BR0213008-4A patent/BR0213008A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-09-19 WO PCT/EP2002/010493 patent/WO2003032417A2/de active Application Filing
- 2002-09-19 AU AU2002329279A patent/AU2002329279A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2004
- 2004-04-02 US US10/815,711 patent/US6838408B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103014753A (zh) * | 2011-09-23 | 2013-04-03 | 拜耳知识产权有限责任公司 | 耗氧电极及其制备方法 |
CN105392926A (zh) * | 2013-07-26 | 2016-03-09 | 夏普株式会社 | 水电解用多孔质导电部件和使用其的功能水生成器 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1446849B1 (de) | 2016-11-02 |
EP1446849A2 (de) | 2004-08-18 |
DE10148599A1 (de) | 2003-04-10 |
JP2005505692A (ja) | 2005-02-24 |
HUP0401685A2 (hu) | 2005-02-28 |
WO2003032417A3 (de) | 2004-03-25 |
US20040182695A1 (en) | 2004-09-23 |
US6838408B2 (en) | 2005-01-04 |
WO2003032417A2 (de) | 2003-04-17 |
BR0213008A (pt) | 2004-10-05 |
JP4498738B2 (ja) | 2010-07-07 |
CN1565065A (zh) | 2005-01-12 |
PL369434A1 (en) | 2005-04-18 |
KR20040040483A (ko) | 2004-05-12 |
AU2002329279A1 (en) | 2003-04-22 |
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C06 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
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