CN1232507A - 含不饱和脂肪酸油脂的制造方法 - Google Patents
含不饱和脂肪酸油脂的制造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1232507A CN1232507A CN97198403A CN97198403A CN1232507A CN 1232507 A CN1232507 A CN 1232507A CN 97198403 A CN97198403 A CN 97198403A CN 97198403 A CN97198403 A CN 97198403A CN 1232507 A CN1232507 A CN 1232507A
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- Prior art keywords
- acid
- record
- manufacture method
- unsaturated fatty
- arachidonic acid
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Abstract
含不饱和脂肪酸油脂的制造方法,其特征是,在含有从大豆中得到的氮源的培养基中培养属于被孢霉(Mortierella)属被孢霉(Mortierella)亚属微生物、然后从该培养物中提取含不饱和脂肪酸油脂。得到24,25－甲叉胆甾－5－烯－3β－醇含有率少的油脂。
Description
本发明涉及利用属于被孢霉(Mortierella)属被孢霉(Mortierella)亚属微生物制造含不饱和脂肪酸油脂的方法，该油脂中24,25-甲叉胆甾-5-烯-3β-醇(24,25-Methylenecholest-5-en-3β-ol)含有率少。
人们知道Mortierella属Mortierella亚属微生物可以作为生产花生四烯酸、二高(Dihomo)-γ-亚麻酸、二十碳五烯酸等不饱和脂肪酸的微生物，利用这种微生物已经开发出通过发酵法高效制造花生四烯酸、二高-γ-亚麻酸、二十碳五烯酸的方法〔特开昭63-44891、特开昭63-12290、特开昭63-14696、特开平5-91887、特开昭63-14697〕。利用对属于Mortierella属Mortierella亚属微生物实施变异处理获得的Δ12不饱和活性低下或缺失的变异株制造蜜得酸(mead酸，5,8,11-二十碳三烯酸)的方法人们也已经了解了(特开平5-91888)。
另外，二高-γ-亚麻酸、花生四烯酸、二十碳五烯酸、蜜得酸等不饱和脂肪酸是具有很强且多种生理活性的前列腺素、凝血噁烷、前列环素、白三烯等分子的前体物质，添加了这些前体物质的食品以及动物饲料正受到人们的关注。
例如，花生四烯酸虽然是具有使子宫收缩或松弛作用、扩张血管、降低血压作用等生理活性的前列腺素、凝血噁烷、前列环素、白三烯等分子的前体物质，但近年来，作为婴儿发育的必需成分，花生四烯酸与二十二碳六烯酸(以下也称之DHA)一起研究进展很快。
据Lanting(《柳叶刀》LANCET,Vol.344.1319-1322(1994))等人报道，对出生后3周以上母乳哺育的婴儿和用婴儿奶粉喂养的婴儿进行跟踪调查，直到9岁为止，从行为方面研究脑神经的小的障碍发生率，发现用婴儿奶粉喂养的婴儿的脑障碍发生率是母乳哺育的婴儿的2倍。人们推测这一惊人的结果可能是由于母乳中存在而婴儿奶粉中几乎不存在的DHA或花生四烯酸等高度不饱和脂肪酸与脑的发育有关系。除此之外，高度不饱和脂肪酸与新生儿的脑以及网膜的发育有关系的结果陆续有报道。
然而，虽说是含这些不饱和脂肪酸的油脂安全性很高，但由于有微生物产生的问题，所以并没有充分渗透于社会，而且据《脂类》LIPIDS、Vol.27、No.6、481-483(1992)报道，Mortierella alpina 1S-4株中还产生直到现在还未发现天然存在的24,25-甲叉胆甾-5-烯-3□-醇。因此人们期待着可安全地用于食品和动物饲料的、来自MortiereHa属Mortierella亚属微生物的含不饱和脂肪酸油脂的开发。
本发明目的在于提供能够安心用于食品或动物饲料的，而且能够经济且稳定供给不饱和脂肪酸的微生物油。
本发明人等为了解决上述课题，探索高效制造24,25-甲叉胆甾-5-烯-3□-醇含量少，而含不饱和脂肪酸油脂的方法，详细地研究了各种培养基成分与甾醇组成的关系，结果发现在Mortierella属Mortierella亚属微生物的培养中，通过使用从大豆得到的氮源，可以得到24,25-甲叉胆甾-5-烯-3□-醇组成比小的油脂。由此完成了本发明。
就是说，本发明是有关含不饱和脂肪酸油脂的制造方法的发明，发明涉及在含有从大豆获得的氮源的培养基中培养Mortierella属Mortierella亚属微生物，以及从该培养物中提取含不饱和脂肪酸油脂等过程。
本发明中所谓的不饱和脂肪酸是指碳数在16以上，且含有一个以上双键的脂肪酸，而一般将碳数在18以上且含有2个以上双键的脂肪酸称之高度不饱和脂肪酸，例如γ-亚麻酸、二高-γ-亚麻酸、花生四烯酸、二十碳五烯酸、蜜得酸等。
本发明中所谓的Mortierella属Mortierella亚属微生物是指长孢被孢霉Mortierella elongata、微小被孢霉Mortierella exigua、喜湿被孢霉Mortierella hygrophila、高山被孢霉Mortierella alpina等微生物，具体讲是指长孢被孢霉Mortierella elongata IFO8570、微小被孢霉Mortierellaexigua IFO8571、喜湿被孢霉Mortierella hygrophila IFO5941、高山被孢霉Mortierella alpina IFO8568、ATCCl6266、ATCC32221、ATCC42430、CBS219.35、CBS224.37、CBS250.53、CBS343.66CBS527.72、CBS529.72、CBS608.70、CBS754.68等菌株。
这些菌株中的任一种都可以从大阪市财团法人发酵研究所(IFO)、以及美国典型培养物保藏中心(American Type Culture Collection，ATCC)和真菌菌种保藏中心[Centraalbure au voor Schimmelculturees(CBS)]无限制地得到。也可以使用本发明人从土壤中分离的菌株Mortierellaelongata SAM0219(微工研菌寄第8703号)。这些属于模式菌种的菌株或从自然界中分离的菌株可以直接使用，也可以使用与进行过一次以上增殖和成分离后得到的原来菌株性质不同的自然变异菌株。
本发明使用的微生物包括按照在使用同样的培养基培养时，与原来的野生株产量相比，油脂中不饱和脂肪酸含量多，或总油脂量多，或者是不饱和脂肪酸含量和总油脂量都多的意图设计的属于Mortierella属Mortierella亚属的微生物(野生株)的变异株或重组株。
本发明使用的微生物也包括按照能有效利用费用优越的培养基，生产出与相应野生株等量的不饱和脂肪酸的意图设计的菌株。例如，作为Δ12不饱和活性缺失的变异株的Mortierella alpina SAM1861(微工研条寄第3590号、FERM BP-3590)或作为Δ5不饱和活性缺失的变异株的Mortierella alpina SAM1860(微工研条寄第3589号、FERM BP-3589)。
上述属于Mortierella属Mortierella亚属的微生物可以用它的孢子、菌丝、或预培养得到的前培养液接种于液体培养基或固体培养基上培养。作为碳源可以使用常用的葡萄糖、果糖、木糖、蔗糖、麦芽糖、可溶性淀粉、糖蜜、甘油、甘露糖醇、柠檬酸、玉米淀粉等中的任一种，优选的碳源是葡萄糖、麦芽糖、果糖、玉米淀粉、甘油、柠檬酸。
而在本发明中，通过使用从大豆得到的营养源作为氮源，可以使油脂中的24,25-甲叉胆甾-5-烯-3β-醇组成比变小。
本发明中使用的从大豆得到的氮源中的氮含量希望占在除去水分之后重量的2％以上，优选的是占3％以上，更优选的是占5％以上。而作为从大豆得到的氮源可以使用脱脂大豆或是对脱脂大豆进行热处理、酸处理、碱处理、酶处理、以及通过包括热处理、酸处理、碱处理、酶处理、化学修饰等化学的和/或物理的处理在内的变性和成再生；利用水和/或有机溶剂除去一部分成分；通过过滤和/或离心分离除去一部分成分；实施冷冻；粉碎；干燥；筛分等加工的、或者是对未脱脂大豆实施同样加工后的产品，可以单独使用或组合使用上述加工的产品。一般常用的是大豆、脱脂大豆、豆饼、食用大豆蛋白、豆腐渣、豆乳、黄豆粉等大豆制品。特别是对脱脂大豆实施热变性的制品，更理想的是对脱脂大豆实施热变性后又除去乙醇可溶性成分的制品。
除此之外，根据需要，在对甾醇组成没有很大影响的范围内，可以配合使用其它的氮源，例如可以使用蛋白胨、酵母提取液、麦芽提取液、肉提取液、酪蛋白氨基酸、玉米浸渍液、尿素等有机氮源，以及硝酸钠、硝酸铵、硫酸铵等无机氮源的一种或数种。
另外，根据需要也可以使用微量的营养源，例如可以使用磷酸钾、磷酸二氢钾等磷酸盐、硫酸铵、硫酸钠、硫酸镁、硫酸铁、硫酸铜、氯化镁、氯化钙等无机盐类以及维生素等。
同时在本发明中，通过在培养基中添加作为目的不饱和脂肪酸的基质进行培养，也可以促进该不饱和脂肪酸的积蓄。作为不饱和脂肪酸的基质，如十六碳烷或十八碳烷那样的碳氢化合物；象油酸或亚麻酸那样的脂肪酸或它们的盐，例如它们的钠盐或钾盐，或脂肪酸酯，例如乙酯、甘油脂肪酸酯、山梨聚糖脂肪酸酯；或者是象橄榄油、大豆油、菜籽油、棉籽油或椰子油那样的油脂类，这些物质可以单独或组合使用。基质的总添加量为培养基重量的0.001～10％、优选的是0.5～10％。而即使使用这些基质作为唯一的碳源进行培养也可以。
上述的碳源、氮源、无机盐类、维生素和/或添加物可以添加到培养开始前的培养基和/或培养过程中的培养液中。这些培养基成分可以一次添加，或连续添加，或随时间分几次添加。这些培养基成分可以分别单独添加，或预先混合后添加。这些培养基的成分只要是对菌的生长没有妨碍，其浓度并没有特别限制。实用中，一般希望碳源为培养基重量的0.1～30％、优选1～15％，氮源为0.01～10％、优选0.1～5％。
培养温度为5～40℃、优选20～30℃、也可以在20～30℃培养使菌体增殖后，再于5～20℃继续培养使菌体生产不饱和脂肪酸。通过这样的温度控制可以提高生成脂肪酸中的高度不饱和脂肪酸的产率。将培养基的pH调到4～10、最好是5～8，进行通气搅拌培养、振荡培养、或静置培养。通常培养2～20天、理想的是培养5～20、最好是培养5～15天。
尤其是使用象通气搅拌培养槽或空气升液器培养槽那样的槽，通过液体通气培养，可以以可能达到商品化收率生产含不饱和脂肪酸的油脂。而这种情况下，从培养开始至少3天内，通过一边维持葡萄糖浓度在0.3％以上和/或葡萄糖平均浓度0.5％以上、理想的是葡萄糖浓度为0.5％以上和/或葡萄糖平均浓度为0.7％以上、最好是葡萄糖的浓度为0.5～5％和/或葡萄糖平均浓度0.7～3％，一边进行培养，可以更有效地制造含不饱和脂肪酸的油脂。例如，每1克干菌体制造的花生四烯酸在10mg以上，理想状况可以达到120mg以上。
这样一来，菌体内大量积蓄着目的不饱和脂肪酸含量丰富的，而24,25-甲叉胆甾-5-烯-3□-醇含量少的油脂。
作为目的油脂可以从通过菌体培养制造油脂过程中的培养液或其灭菌的培养液、或是从培养完了时的培养液或其灭菌的培养液、或是从各个过程中收集的培养菌体或其干燥菌体，利用常规方法得到。
从培养菌体通过下面的方法可以提取目的油脂。
培养结束后，通过离心分离和/或过滤等常用的固液分离手段得到菌体。培养菌体最好是积蓄进行、破碎、干燥。干燥可以通过冷冻干燥、风干进行。干燥菌体最好是在氮气流下用有机溶剂进行萃取。作为有机溶剂可以使用乙醚、己烷、甲醇、乙醇、氯仿、二氯甲烷、石油醚等，而通过甲醇和石油醚交互萃取或使用氯仿-甲醇-水溶剂萃取也可以得到良好的结果。
通过在减压下从萃取物中蒸馏掉有机溶剂，可以得到高浓度的含不饱和脂肪酸油脂。取代上述方法，使用湿菌体也可以进行萃取。这种情况下，使用甲醇、乙醇等对水相溶性的溶剂，或使用与其它溶剂组成的对水相溶性的混合溶剂。其它的工序与上述的一样。
上述提取过程得到的油脂中，不饱和脂肪酸是以结合为甘油三酯和磷脂酰胆碱、磷脂酰乙醇胺、磷脂酰肌醇中的状态存在的，几乎是以甘油三酯形式存在的。为了从培养物中提取的含不饱和脂肪酸油脂中分离纯化出含不饱和脂肪酸的甘油三酯，利用常规方法，经己烷萃取后进行脱酸、脱色、除臭、去胶处理、或冷却分离等。
本发明所谓的24,25-甲叉胆甾-5-烯-3β-醇组成比是利用甾醇组成分析方法按照下面过程求得的。
首先说明甾醇组成分析方法。将原料油脂30～80mg称量于带有栓塞的试管内，然后添加甲醇4ml和33％氢氧化钾水溶液1ml，并加上栓塞。将该试管于80℃边搅拌边使其反应一小时，然后放置冷却，用正己烷萃取脂溶成分。对得到的正己烷萃取液进行水洗，洗至酚酞指示剂对水相不显色为止，通过减压浓缩获得分析样品。将分析样品溶解于少量的正己烷中，供下表记载的条件进行气相色谱分析用。通过与市售的24-脱氢胆固醇标准样品比较气相色谱，进行24-脱氢胆固醇峰的鉴定。
在保留时间为24-脱氢胆固醇的0.8～2.0倍期间检测的成分是甾醇成分，利用常规方法求出保留时间内的所有甾醇成分的气相色谱峰的面积。各个峰面积相对于该成分总面积的和的比例就作为各成分的组成比。例如24-脱氢胆固醇检测峰的面积相对于所有甾醇面积的总和的比例就作为24-脱氢胆固醇的组成比。24,25-甲叉胆甾-5-烯-3β-醇在保留时间为24-脱氢胆固醇保留时间的1.07～1.12倍时被检测出来。24,25-甲叉胆甾-5-烯-3β-醇检测峰的面积相对于所有峰面积的总和的比例就作为24,25-甲叉胆甾-5-烯-3β-醇的组成比。使用的柱子ULBON HR-1(内径0.25mm、长25m)柱温280℃注入口和检测器温度300℃载体气体和表压氦气1.2kg/cm2组成气体及流量氮气70ml/min检测器FID分流比：20
本发明的含不饱和脂肪酸油脂中24,25-甲叉胆甾-5-烯-3β-醇的组成比在35％以下，比较好的在33％以下，最好的在30％以下。和/或该24,25-甲叉胆甾-5-烯-3β-醇对同样油脂中存在的24-脱氢胆固醇之比在1.2以下，优选在0.9％以下，更优选在0.6％以下。所谓的24-脱氢胆固醇是与24,25-甲叉胆甾-5-烯-3β-醇一起存在于通过培养Mortierella属Mortierella亚属的微生物得到的油脂中的成分，也存在于母乳中。
作为本发明的含不饱和脂肪酸油脂的一个例子，例如，含花生四烯酸的油脂，其中花生四烯酸占油脂中总脂肪酸重量的20～54％、优选占30～50％，24,25-甲叉胆甾-5-烯-3β-醇的组成比在35％以下、优选在33％以下、更优选在30％以下，和/或该24,25-甲叉胆甾-5-烯-3β-醇对同样油脂中存在的24-脱氢胆固醇之比在1.2以下，优选在0.9％以下，更优选在0.6％以下。
而该含花生四烯酸油脂具有的油脂特性是：甘油三酯含量在90％以上、水分在0.1％以下、酸值在0.5以下、过氧化值在5以下、油脂颜色，于罗维邦比色法133.4mm比色杯中黄色在50以下、红色在10以下，脂肪酸组成、花生四烯酸为20～54％、优选占30～50％、肉豆蔻酸为0.2～0.7％、棕榈酸为10～16％、硬脂酸为4～10％、油酸为5～15％、亚油酸为5～15％、γ-亚麻酸为1～5％、α-亚麻酸为0.1～2％、二高-γ-亚麻酸为1～6％、二十碳五烯酸为0～1％、二十四碳(烷)酸为2～7％。
该油脂富含以甘油三酯形式存在的花生四烯酸、可能不含有二十碳五烯酸、即使含有由于是极微量，用作食品、特别是用作早产儿用调制奶、婴儿用调制奶、幼儿用食品、或用作孕产妇用食品的原料都是很理想的。而本发明的含不饱和脂肪酸油脂由于饮食经验还不知道的24,25-甲叉胆甾-5-烯-3β-醇含有率少，所以可以安心地用于食品和动物饲料。
以下，通过实施例具体说明本发明。
实施例1
使用Mortierella elongata IFO8570作为花生四烯酸生产菌，将含有葡萄糖2％、食用大豆蛋白(商品名：ェスサンミ-ト、味之素公司制造)1％、菜籽油0.1％的培养基1400L加入2000L通气搅拌培养槽中、于温度28℃、通气量1.0vvm、搅拌80rpm、槽内压1.0kg/cm2G的条件下开始通气搅拌培养。按照流加法维持葡萄糖浓度1.5％、培养7天后、通过过滤回收菌体、提取油脂。而作为比较例子、用1％酵母提取液代替食用大豆蛋白，进行同样的培养和油脂的提取。
按照前述的程序分析得到的油脂中的甾醇成分，在保留时间9.6分钟附近检测出24-脱氢胆固醇、而在保留时间7.2分钟附近检测出24,25-甲叉胆甾-5-烯-3β-醇。结果如表1所示。得到了24,25-甲叉胆甾-5-烯-3β-醇组成比少的含不饱和脂肪酸油脂。
表1
24,25-甲叉胆甾 24-脱氢胆固 A/B 总甾醇量* 花生四烯酸
-5-烯-3β-醇组 醇组成比 含量**
成比(A) (B)实施例 30％ 65％ 0.46 1％ 8％比较例 65％ 27％ 2.41 1％ 9％*油脂中甾醇含量**花生四烯酸对油脂中总脂肪酸的含有率实施例2
使用Mortierella alpina CBS754.68作为花生四烯酸生产菌，将含有葡萄糖4％、黄豆面1.3％、酵母提取液0.2％、橄榄油0.1％的培养基600L加入1000L通气搅拌培养槽中、于温度24℃、通气量1.0vvm、搅拌100rpm、槽内压0.5kg/cm2G的条件下进行5天的通气搅拌培养。然后通过过滤、干燥回收菌体、通过己烷萃取得到油脂。而作为比较例子、使用葡萄糖4％、酵母提取液1.5％、橄榄油0.1％的培养基，通过同样的培养得到油脂。另外，实施例、比较例在培养的第二天都流加1％葡萄糖。
按照前述的程序分析得到的油脂中的胆固醇成分，在保留时间10.2分钟附近检测出24-脱氢胆固醇、而在保留时间11.2分钟附近检测出24,25.甲叉胆甾-5-烯-3β-醇。结果如表1所示。得到了24,25-甲叉胆甾-5-烯-3β-醇组成比少的含不饱和脂肪酸油脂。
表2
24,25-甲叉胆甾 24-脱氢胆固 A/B 总甾醇量* 花生四烯酸
-5-烯-3β-醇组 醇组成比 含量**
成比(A) (B)实施例 25％ 53％0.47 1.2％ 48％比较例 68％ 16％4.25 1.1％ 46％*油脂中甾醇含量
**花生四烯酸对油脂中总脂肪酸的含有率
实施例3
使用Mortierella alpina ATCC32221、Morrierella alpina ATCC42430作为花生四烯酸生产菌，分别进行培养。将含有葡萄糖4％、脱脂大豆粉1.2％、磷酸氢钾0.2％、大豆油0.1％的培养基25L加入50L通气搅拌培养槽中、于温度28℃、通气量1.0vvm、搅拌300rpm、槽内压1.0kg/cm2G的条件下进行5天的通气搅拌培养。然后通过过滤、干燥回收含有花生四烯酸的菌体、从回收的菌体通过己烷萃取得到油脂。
而作为比较例子、使用葡萄糖4％、啤酒酵母粉末1.2％、磷酸氢钾0.2％、菜籽油0.1％的培养基，通过同样的培养得到油脂。另外，实施例、比较例在培养的第二天都流加1％葡萄糖。按照前述的程序分析得到的油脂中的胆固醇组成。表3给出了分析的结果。得到了24,25-甲叉胆甾-5-烯-3β-醇组成比少的含不饱和脂肪酸油脂。
表3
24,25-甲叉胆甾- 24-脱氢胆固 A/B 总胆固 花生四烯酸含量
5-烯-3β-醇组成 醇组成比 醇量* **
比少(A) (B)Mortierella 5％ 67％ 0.07 0.9％ 25％alpinaATCC32221比较例 37％ 28％ 1.32 0.8％ 20％Mortierellaalpina 5％ 35％ 0.14 0.9％ 18％ATCC42430比较例 40％ 25％ 1.60 1.0％ 18％*油脂中甾醇含量
**花生四烯酸对油脂中总脂肪酸的含有率实施例4
使用Mortierella alpina CBS754.68作为花生四烯酸生产菌，将含有葡萄糖2％、大豆蛋白1.5％、大豆油0.1％的培养基1400L加入2000L通气搅拌培养槽中、于温度24℃、通气量1.0vvm、搅拌80rpm、槽内压200kPa的条件下开始通气搅拌培养。按照流加法维持葡萄糖浓度0.5％、培养7天后、通过过滤回收菌体。将菌体干燥后、用己烷萃取、萃取液进行脱色、除臭、添加0.05％的作为氧化剂的生育酚。分析得到的油脂，其组成如下。分析结果甘油三酯含量 95.6％水分 0.04％酸值 0.08过氧化值 2.16油脂颜色(罗维邦比色法133.4mm比色杯)黄色：20.1、红色：1.4脂肪酸组成花生四烯酸 44.4％十四烷酸为 0.6％软脂酸 14.6％硬脂酸 8.8％油酸 6.3％亚油酸 10.2％γ-亚麻酸 3.2％α-亚麻酸 0.8％二高-γ-亚麻酸 5.2％二十碳五烯酸为 0.2％二十四碳(烷)酸 4.8％。总甾醇含量1.0％24,25-甲叉胆甾-5-烯-3β-醇组成比24％24-脱氢胆固醇组成比67％
实施例5
将实施例4得到的含花生四烯酸油脂和鱼油以及植物油适当地混合，得到必需脂肪酸调和油脂。除了该必需脂肪酸调和油脂外，每当调制育儿用奶粉100kg时，准备如下所示的原材料和成分。然后按照常规方法将这些原材料溶解、混合、清洗后、进行灭菌、浓缩、调匀、喷雾干燥之后就得到育儿用调制奶粉。
原材料及成分
酪蛋白 5.6kg
ホェィ蛋白质浓缩物 24.0kg
必需脂肪酸调和油脂 25.0kg
(主要含有亚油酸、α-亚麻酸)
作为花生四烯酸 80g
作为二十二碳六烯酸 25g
作为二十碳五烯酸 10g
糖(乳糖和寡糖) 43.4kg
矿物质和维生素 2kg
合计 100kg
Claims (18)
1．含不饱和脂肪酸油脂的制造方法，其特征是，在含有从大豆得到的
氮源的培养基中培养属于被孢霉属被孢霉亚属的微生物、然后从该培
养物中提取含不饱和脂肪酸油脂。
2．权利要求1记载的制造方法，其特征是上述从大豆得到的氮源，除
去水分的成分中的氮含量的重量比在2％以上。
3．权利要求1或2记载的制造方法，其特征是上述从大豆得到的氮源
至少是从脱脂大豆、未脱脂大豆、以及对这些大豆进行过加工的产品
中选择出的一种至少以上的氮源。
4．权利要求3记载的制造方法，其特征是上述对脱脂或未脱脂大豆实
施的加工包括通过热处理；酸处理；碱处理；酶处理；化学修饰；或
者包括上述处理的化学的和/或物理的处理在内的变性和/或再生；利
用水和/或有机溶剂除去一部分成分；通过过滤和/或离心分离除去一
部分成分；冷冻；粉碎；干燥；和成筛分等工序。
5．权利要求1或2记载的制造方法，其特征是上述从大豆得到的氮源
是对脱脂大豆至少实施了热变性的氮源。
6．权利要求1～5中任一项记载的制造方法，其特征是上述培养物是
通过菌体培养制造油脂过程中的培养液或灭过菌的该培养液、培养结
束后的培养液或是灭过菌的该培养液、或者是从培养过程中收集的培
养菌体或干燥的该菌体。
7．权利要求1～6任一项记载的制造方法，其特征是使用槽对上述微
生物进行液体通气培养。
8．权利要求7记载的制造方法，其特征是上述槽是通气搅拌槽或空气
升液器培养槽。
9．权利要求7或8记载的制造方法，其特征是从培养开始至少3天内，
通过一边维持葡萄糖浓度在0.3％以上和/或葡萄糖平均浓度0.5％以
上一边进行培养。
10．权利要求7～9任一项记载的制造方法，其特征是：培养的天数为2～20大。
11．权利要求1～10任一项记载的制造方法，其特征是：上述不饱和脂肪酸是γ-亚麻酸、二高-γ-亚麻酸、花生四烯酸、二十碳五烯酸、和/或蜜得酸。
12．含花生四烯酸油脂，其特征是：24，25-甲叉胆甾-5-烯-3β-醇组成比例在35％以下，而且花生四烯酸的含量是20～54％。
13．含花生四烯酸油脂，其特征是：24,25-甲叉胆甾-5-烯-3β-醇组成比例对24-脱氢胆固醇之比在1.2以下、而且花生四烯酸的含量是20～54％。
14．含花生四烯酸油脂，其特征是：24,25-甲叉胆甾-5-烯-3β-醇的组成比例在35％以下，24,25-甲叉胆甾-5-烯-3β-醇组成比例对24-脱氢胆固醇之比在1.2以下、而且花生四烯酸的含量是20～54％。
15．权利要求12～14任一项记载的含花生四烯酸油脂，其特征是：该油脂是从属于被孢霉属被孢霉亚属微生物得到的微生物油。
16．配有权利要求12～15任一项记载的含花生四烯酸油脂的营养辅助食品。
17．配有权利要求12～15任一项记载的含花生四烯酸油脂的早产儿用调和奶、婴儿用调和奶、幼儿用食品、或孕产妇用食品。
18．配有权利要求12～15任一项记载的含花生四烯酸油脂的动物饲料。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP230210/1996 | 1996-08-30 | ||
| JP23021096A JP3792309B2 (ja) | 1996-08-30 | 1996-08-30 | 不飽和脂肪酸含有油脂の製造方法 |
| JP230210/96 | 1996-08-30 |
Related Child Applications (3)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200510022831XA Division CN1806644B (zh) | 1996-08-30 | 1997-08-27 | 含不饱和脂肪酸油脂 |
| CNB031587984A Division CN100502675C (zh) | 1996-08-30 | 1997-08-27 | 含不饱和脂肪酸油脂 |
| CN2007101598883A Division CN101268828B (zh) | 1996-08-30 | 1997-08-27 | 含不饱和脂肪酸油脂 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1232507A true CN1232507A (zh) | 1999-10-20 |
| CN1200109C CN1200109C (zh) | 2005-05-04 |
Family
ID=16904303
Family Applications (4)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200510022831XA Expired - Lifetime CN1806644B (zh) | 1996-08-30 | 1997-08-27 | 含不饱和脂肪酸油脂 |
| CNB031587984A Expired - Lifetime CN100502675C (zh) | 1996-08-30 | 1997-08-27 | 含不饱和脂肪酸油脂 |
| CN2007101598883A Expired - Lifetime CN101268828B (zh) | 1996-08-30 | 1997-08-27 | 含不饱和脂肪酸油脂 |
| CNB971984034A Expired - Lifetime CN1200109C (zh) | 1996-08-30 | 1997-08-27 | 含不饱和脂肪酸油脂的制造方法 |
Family Applications Before (3)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200510022831XA Expired - Lifetime CN1806644B (zh) | 1996-08-30 | 1997-08-27 | 含不饱和脂肪酸油脂 |
| CNB031587984A Expired - Lifetime CN100502675C (zh) | 1996-08-30 | 1997-08-27 | 含不饱和脂肪酸油脂 |
| CN2007101598883A Expired - Lifetime CN101268828B (zh) | 1996-08-30 | 1997-08-27 | 含不饱和脂肪酸油脂 |
Country Status (13)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (4) | US7091244B1 (zh) |
| EP (2) | EP0957173B2 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JP3792309B2 (zh) |
| KR (8) | KR101475713B1 (zh) |
| CN (4) | CN1806644B (zh) |
| AT (2) | ATE318323T2 (zh) |
| AU (1) | AU759623C (zh) |
| CA (1) | CA2264276C (zh) |
| DE (2) | DE69735278T3 (zh) |
| DK (2) | DK0957173T4 (zh) |
| ES (2) | ES2224264T5 (zh) |
| PT (2) | PT1454990E (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO1998008967A1 (zh) |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7709236B2 (en) | 2002-10-11 | 2010-05-04 | Nippon Suisan Kaisha, Ltd. | Process for producing microbial fat or oil having lowered unsaponifiable matter content and said fat or oil |
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-
1996
- 1996-08-30 JP JP23021096A patent/JP3792309B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
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1997
- 1997-08-27 PT PT04012292T patent/PT1454990E/pt unknown
- 1997-08-27 KR KR1020147005042A patent/KR101475713B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 1997-08-27 DE DE69735278.1T patent/DE69735278T3/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-08-27 WO PCT/JP1997/002989 patent/WO1998008967A1/ja active IP Right Grant
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- 1997-08-27 CN CN200510022831XA patent/CN1806644B/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-08-27 US US09/254,152 patent/US7091244B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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- 1997-08-27 AT AT04012292T patent/ATE318323T2/de active
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- 1997-08-27 CN CN2007101598883A patent/CN101268828B/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-08-27 KR KR1020087015951A patent/KR20080069715A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1997-08-27 DK DK97937813.0T patent/DK0957173T4/en active
- 1997-08-27 KR KR1020107013765A patent/KR20100082380A/ko active Search and Examination
- 1997-08-27 AT AT97937813T patent/ATE277195T2/de active
- 1997-08-27 EP EP04012292.1A patent/EP1454990B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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- 1997-08-27 KR KR1020137034734A patent/KR101391880B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 1997-08-27 DK DK04012292.1T patent/DK1454990T4/en active
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- 1997-08-27 ES ES04012292.1T patent/ES2255017T5/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7709236B2 (en) | 2002-10-11 | 2010-05-04 | Nippon Suisan Kaisha, Ltd. | Process for producing microbial fat or oil having lowered unsaponifiable matter content and said fat or oil |
| CN105586370A (zh) * | 2002-10-11 | 2016-05-18 | 日本水产株式会社 | 制备具有不可皂化物含量降低的微生物油脂的方法和所述油脂 |
| CN109266698A (zh) * | 2018-05-17 | 2019-01-25 | 梁云 | 被孢霉属微生物油脂中脂肪酸组合物成分调整的方法 |
| CN109266698B (zh) * | 2018-05-17 | 2022-10-28 | 梁云 | 被孢霉属微生物油脂中脂肪酸组合物成分调整的方法 |
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