CN1232372A - 制造热塑塑料粘接扣的方法和装置 - Google Patents

制造热塑塑料粘接扣的方法和装置 Download PDF

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CN1232372A
CN1232372A CN97198606A CN97198606A CN1232372A CN 1232372 A CN1232372 A CN 1232372A CN 97198606 A CN97198606 A CN 97198606A CN 97198606 A CN97198606 A CN 97198606A CN 1232372 A CN1232372 A CN 1232372A
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帕维尔·哈默
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A44HABERDASHERY; JEWELLERY
    • A44BBUTTONS, PINS, BUCKLES, SLIDE FASTENERS, OR THE LIKE
    • A44B18/00Fasteners of the touch-and-close type; Making such fasteners
    • A44B18/0046Fasteners made integrally of plastics
    • A44B18/0061Male or hook elements
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A44HABERDASHERY; JEWELLERY
    • A44BBUTTONS, PINS, BUCKLES, SLIDE FASTENERS, OR THE LIKE
    • A44B18/00Fasteners of the touch-and-close type; Making such fasteners
    • A44B18/0046Fasteners made integrally of plastics
    • A44B18/0049Fasteners made integrally of plastics obtained by moulding processes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C43/00Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C43/22Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of indefinite length
    • B29C43/222Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of indefinite length characterised by the shape of the surface
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29LINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/727Fastening elements
    • B29L2031/729Hook and loop-type fasteners
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T24/00Buckles, buttons, clasps, etc.
    • Y10T24/27Buckles, buttons, clasps, etc. including readily dissociable fastener having numerous, protruding, unitary filaments randomly interlocking with, and simultaneously moving towards, mating structure [e.g., hook-loop type fastener]
    • Y10T24/2792Buckles, buttons, clasps, etc. including readily dissociable fastener having numerous, protruding, unitary filaments randomly interlocking with, and simultaneously moving towards, mating structure [e.g., hook-loop type fastener] having mounting surface and filaments constructed from common piece of material
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24008Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including fastener for attaching to external surface
    • Y10T428/24017Hook or barb

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Abstract

本发明涉及一种制造这样的粘接扣的方法和装置,所述粘接扣具有许多与一个衬底成一体的锁钩。锁钩是这样的形成的,即将一种热塑塑料供给在一个压辊和一个成型辊之间的辊缝。另外,成型辊具有一个带有许多开口空腔的筛网层,这些空腔是通过腐蚀或借助激光器形成的,从而成型锁钩件仅仅是由此产生的,即热塑塑料至少部分在成型辊筛网层的开口空腔中凝固。因此,可以成本很低廉地提供成型辊。另外,在形成锁钩时取消了迄今常用的第二加工过程。

Description

制造热塑塑料粘接扣的方法和装置
本发明涉及一种制造粘接扣的方法和装置,所述粘接扣具有许多个与衬底成一体的且成具有加粗部的杆形的锁钩,其中一种热塑塑料在塑性状态或液态下被供给一个在压辊和成型辊之间的辊缝,其中成型辊具有向外和向内开口的空腔,沿相反方向驱动这两个辊,从而在这两个辊之间的辊缝中形成了衬底。
这样的方法已经由现有技术且尤其是由明尼苏达矿产加工公司的W094/23610公开了。在这种方法中,就象在由US-P-3270408公开的生产方法中那样,首先形成销形结构,销端在第二加工过程中被制成蘑菇头。从US-P-3196490中知道了带有渐平头部的蘑菇头。作为通过这样制成的粘接扣的应用前景,尤其是公开了它被用于形成婴儿尿布的粘接扣或用于医院服装的粘接扣。
为了制造可被用于这样服装的粘接扣,每平方厘米需要比较多的锁钩,而这在现有技术的用于形成锁钩的成型辊中造成了很高的成本。在制造成型辊时,必须首先刻出与锁钩数目同样多的开口空腔。另外,必须加入一个抽真空装置,它用于使空腔杆的分子定向。在工作中,成型辊必须被冷却到一个指定温度。除了制造杆外,还需要第二加工过程,以便通过与受热辊接触而在定向杆上形成蘑菇头。
公知方法的另一个缺点是,必须相对成型辊很精确地调节装有热塑塑料的挤压头,以便获得一个很薄的平面衬底,很薄的衬底例如对婴儿尿布中的粘接扣来说是必须的。这意味着,例如每次给挤压头装料都造成挤压头相对成型辊的失调并进而造成生产中断。
因此,基于这种已知的现有技术,本发明的目的在于提供一种不太费事的且同时成本低廉的热塑塑料粘接扣的制造方法和为此所需的装置以及一个通过该方法和装置制成的粘接扣或粘接结构。
通过权利要求1的特征实现了上述目的,由于成型辊具有一个筛网层且筛网层的空腔或孔是通过腐蚀、电蚀刻或借助激光器制成的,所以分别根据所需的不同每平方厘米锁钩数量,可以快速地为成型辊提供相应的筛网层,因此,通过筛网层掩膜方式确定了成型锁钩的数目。另外,采用基本上印刷业已知的筛网层。
在本发明的方法中利用了这样的事实,即在通过腐蚀、电蚀刻或借助激光器形成的空腔中,空腔具有有规则地在其界线处向内转的曲率半径。在填充向外、内开口对内空腔时,通过此半径自动形成了杆,此杆已经具有了成盘形的加粗部。由此省去了第二加工过程,而在现有技术中,随后在第二加工过程中给杆加上加粗部。也省去了费事的成型辊冷却,这是因为由热塑塑料制成的粘接扣在塑料至少部分硬化时已经脱离了成型辊。
本发明的方法原则是可以采用任何热塑塑料来实现,其中根据使用目的,优先采用聚乙烯、聚酰胺、聚丙烯。包含至少上述热塑材料中一种的两聚物或三聚物也是很适用的。
本发明方法的另一个优点是,可以无必很费事地完全不同地设计加粗部在杆端的成型。因而,可以将加粗部设计成具有渐平的或凹陷的凹口的蘑菇头形状或它们可具有3~6角形。另外,3~6角形加粗部具有倒圆角,这增大了锁定可能性。
根据本发明,要求制造出衬底厚度为0.05mm~0.5mm的且锁钩数目在50~400个锁钩/平方厘米数量级内的粘接扣。但原则上也可以制造出这样的衬底,它比较厚且具有多于或少于上述每平方厘米锁钩数目的锁钩。
根据本发明的一个实施例,衬底厚度为0.05mm~0.3mm且优选为0.1mm~0.2mm且衬底具有200~400且优选为300个锁钩/平方厘米。这样制成粘接扣优选地用于婴儿尿布或成人失禁尿布以及地毯固定。
在本发明的另一个实施例中,衬底厚度为0.1mm~0.5mm且优选为0.2mm~0.3mm且衬底具有20~200且优选为100个锁钩/平方厘米。如此制成的粘接扣最好用于砂轮、汽车座椅或其它用途。
本发明还涉及一种粘接扣,它是根据本发明的方法制成的。本发明还涉及一种粘接结构,它至少是由一个根据本发明方法制成的粘接扣构成的。
本发明还涉及一种制造本发明粘接扣的装置,该装置的成型辊具有一个筛网层,筛网层的空腔是通过腐蚀、电蚀刻或借助激光器形成的。
根据一个优选实施例,成型辊的筛网层全是由镍形成的。
另外,要求保护一种根据本发明的成型辊。
以下将结合附图所示的实施例来详细描述本发明。其中:
图1是本发明的粘接扣制造装置的局剖视图;
图2是带有局部示出的空腔的筛网层的视图;
图3是带有一个放大示出的空腔的本发明成型辊的局剖图;
图3a是一个通过如图3所示空腔形成的锁钩的放大示意图;
图4a-4f是带有不同空腔形状的本发明成型辊的示意图;
图5是示意地表示借助电蚀刻、腐蚀或借助激光所形成的空腔结构的截面图。
图1示出了一个整体用1表示的成型辊,一层筛网层2绷紧在此成型辊上,这层筛网层完全是由镍制成的。成型辊1的筛网层2在其整个外周上具有空腔3,这些空腔是借助电蚀刻方法以本身公知的方式形成的。这些空腔可以具有一个大致成圆柱形的基础形状,如图1所示的那样,但是也可以例如象图4a-4f所示的那样电蚀刻出任何其它形状。成型辊1在此实施例中具有约等于640mm的外周长。成型辊1的长度在此实施例中例如约为1700mm,但在这里原则上可以根据要求任意选择这些尺寸。
由于电蚀刻出这些空腔3,所以它们具有一种在图3中以一个空腔3为例示出的特征形状,这是因为在空腔2向外或向内开启的位置上形成了空腔扩口5。除了形成空腔扩口5外,与之相应地在筛网层2边缘形成了一个曲率半径23。在图5的左半图中就好象没有扩口5地示出了一个空腔3,而在右半图中示出了实际形状。
于是,利用扩口5以便只在一个加工过程中制造出一个整体由7表示的粘接扣8的锁钩。为此,通过众所周知的方式在塑性状态或液态下借助挤压机型输送机构9将热塑塑料供给压辊13和成型辊1间的辊缝11。方向相反地驱动压辊13和成型辊1转动,从而由挤压机送出的热塑塑料流入压辊13和成型辊1间的辊缝11并同时流入空腔3。在这种情况下,位于辊缝11中的热塑塑料形成一个衬底15,而锁钩7与该衬底连成一体。与此同时,压辊13和成型辊1间的距离即辊缝11大小确定了衬底15的厚度。
锁钩7本身是这样制成的,即热塑塑料流入成型辊1的敞开的筛网层空腔中。所以,与如上所述地通过电蚀刻确定的扩口5配合地,锁钩7出现在空腔3中,这些锁钩具有一个通过空腔3构成的杆。如图3a所示,一个成加粗部形状的四面扩宽的边缘17成型于偏离衬底15的杆端上。边缘17适于连接另一个粘接扣如成厚绒呢、天鹅绒或织物的锁钩。
图3a还示出了,锁钩7在其离开衬底15的界线处有小的曲率半径。此半径是由筛网层中的空腔形状决定的。但是,锁钩的界线也可以被设计成大致是平面。由于热塑塑料必须流经指向外的成型辊1筛网层2空腔3的扩口5,所以锁钩7原则上在杆16通入衬底15的部位具有一个曲率半径。杆16的高度是可以通过改变绷紧在成型辊1上的筛网层2的厚度来任意调节的。当可以形成具有3~6个角的加粗部的锁钩时,只要形成3~6角形空腔3就行了,这是因为在电蚀刻空腔3时在向外和向内指的空腔3端部上形成了自动相应成型的扩口5。
在热塑塑料于流过辊缝11时形成了衬底15和锁钩7之后,在成型辊1约转过2/3~3/4圈后,通过一个以众所周知的方式形成的导向机构19作为成品粘接扣8地使其脱离成型辊1。
所用的热塑塑料和衬底15的厚度以及单位平方厘米内的锁钩7数目都是可以根据成品粘接扣21的用途来自由确定的。如此制成的粘接扣例如可被用于婴儿尿布领域或被用作成人失禁尿布。因此,聚乙烯、聚丙烯或这些塑料的混合物被用作热塑塑料,这是因为这些塑料成本低廉。根据尿布类型,选择0.05mm~0.3mm的衬底厚度和压辊13和成型辊1间的距离,其中0.2mm的衬底厚度是最常用的。与此相应地选择每平方厘米的锁钩7数目且上述锁钩数目为100~400个锁钩/平方厘米,其中通常规定200个锁钩/平方厘米。
本发明粘接扣8的另一个应用领域是固定砂轮等类似物。在这种情况下,选择0.1mm~0.5mm的衬底厚度且衬底厚度典型地为0.2mm~0.3mm。每平方厘米锁钩7数目为50~200个锁钩/平方厘米且通常为100个锁钩/平方厘米。
也可以通过激光器加工方式形成绷紧在成型辊1上的筛网层的空腔3。
在用于制造砂轮或其它加工工具的粘接扣8中,所用塑料的高质量且尤其是其耐热性能是很重要的。为此,在此优选聚酰胺且尤其是聚酰胺颗粒或含聚酰胺的热塑塑料混合物。
本发明的粘接扣也可被用于大面积固定场合,如用于地毯、壁毯、坐垫、包装材料、纱窗和医药领域。通过使用可腐烂的热塑材料而获得了可分解的粘接扣。本发明的粘接扣还可以被用于其它许多需要价格低廉的和/或薄的封闭件的领域。

Claims (13)

1.一种制造粘接扣(8)的方法,其中所述粘接扣具有许多个与一个衬底(15)成一体的且成具有加粗部的杆(16)形的锁钩(7),其中一种热塑塑料在塑性状态或液态下被供给一个在一个压辊(13)和一个成型辊(1)间的辊缝(11),沿相反方向驱动这两个辊(1,13),从而在辊(1,13)之间的辊缝(11)中形成了衬底(15),其特征在于,成型辊(1)具有一个带有向内、外开口的空腔的筛网层(2),筛网层空腔(3)是通过电蚀刻、腐蚀或借助激光器加工形成的,成型锁钩件(7)仅仅是这样形成的,即热塑塑料至少部分在成型辊(1)的筛网层(2)空腔(3)中凝固。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,聚丙烯、聚酰胺、聚乙烯以及含至少其中一种塑料的共聚物或三聚物被用作热塑材料。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于,以具有渐平的或凹形凹口的蘑菇头或盘形头地设计杆(16)的加粗部。
4.如权利要求1-2之一所述的方法,其特征在于,杆(16)的加粗部被设计成3~6角形。
5.如权利要求4所述的方法,其特征在于,加粗部被设计成具有倒圆角。
6.如权利要求1-5之一所述的方法,其特征在于,以0.05mm~0.5mm的厚度设计衬底(15)并规定衬底具有50~400个锁钩件(7)/平方厘米。
7.如权利要求6所述的方法,其特征在于,以0.05mm~0.3mm的厚度且优选为0.1mm~0.2mm的厚度设计衬底(15)并规定衬底具有100~400且优选为200个锁钩件(7)/平方厘米。
8.如权利要求6所述的方法,其特征在于,以0.1mm~0.5mm的厚度且优选为0.2mm~0.3mm的厚度设计衬底(15)并规定衬底具有50~200且优选为100个锁钩件(7)/平方厘米。
9.按照权利要求1-8之一方法制成的粘接扣。
10.至少由按权利要求9所述的粘接扣装置组成的粘接扣。
11.用于生产如权利要求9所述的粘接扣的装置,它主要由一个热塑塑料供应装置(9)以及一个压辊(13)和一个成型辊(1)构成,在形成一个辊缝(11)的情况下以一个确定间距相对布置这两个辊,其中成型辊(1)具有一个筛网层(2),筛网层空腔(2)是通过电蚀刻、腐蚀或借助激光器形成的。
12.如权利要求11所述的装置,其特征在于,成型辊(1)的筛网层(2)完全是由镍制成的。
13.一种根据权利要求11或12设计的且用于一种粘接扣(8)制造装置的成型辊(1)。
CNB971986061A 1996-11-09 1997-10-01 制造热塑塑料粘接扣合元件的方法和装置 Expired - Lifetime CN1156232C (zh)

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DE19646318.1 1996-11-09
DE19646318A DE19646318A1 (de) 1996-11-09 1996-11-09 Rationelles Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Haftverschlußteils aus thermoplatischem Kunststoff

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PL187870B1 (pl) 2004-10-29
DE19646318A1 (de) 1998-05-14
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UY24773A1 (es) 1998-05-05
WO1998020767A1 (de) 1998-05-22
JP3539689B2 (ja) 2004-07-07
BR9712935A (pt) 2000-03-28
ATE221329T1 (de) 2002-08-15
EP0932346B1 (de) 2002-07-31
CA2268537C (en) 2005-03-15
CN1156232C (zh) 2004-07-07
PL333206A1 (en) 1999-11-22
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PT932346E (pt) 2002-12-31
US6287665B1 (en) 2001-09-11

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