CN1226307C - 淀粉颗粒的制备方法 - Google Patents
淀粉颗粒的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1226307C CN1226307C CNB998153095A CN99815309A CN1226307C CN 1226307 C CN1226307 C CN 1226307C CN B998153095 A CNB998153095 A CN B998153095A CN 99815309 A CN99815309 A CN 99815309A CN 1226307 C CN1226307 C CN 1226307C
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- starch
- water
- phase
- emulsion
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/12—Powdering or granulating
- C08J3/16—Powdering or granulating by coagulating dispersions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B30/00—Preparation of starch, degraded or non-chemically modified starch, amylose, or amylopectin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B31/00—Preparation of derivatives of starch
- C08B31/003—Crosslinking of starch
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B31/00—Preparation of derivatives of starch
- C08B31/003—Crosslinking of starch
- C08B31/006—Crosslinking of derivatives of starch
-
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种以两相体系制备淀粉颗粒的方法,该方法包括至少以下步骤:a)制备含有淀粉水分散液的第一相;b)在第二液相中制备第一相的分散液或乳液,条件是第二相不是水;c)将第一相中的淀粉交联;d)分离由此形成的淀粉颗粒。按照本发明的第一个方面,第二相由疏水液体组成,并且步骤b)在于形成水包油乳液,然后将该乳液转化成油包水乳液。按照本发明的第二个方面,第二相由水混溶性的非淀粉溶剂组成。通过该方法以可控制方式生产出粒径非常小的淀粉颗粒。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种淀粉颗粒的制备方法,通过这种方法可以简单方式获得粒径为50nm至几mm的小淀粉颗粒。特别是粒径为50nm-100μm的所谓纳米或微米颗粒的小淀粉颗粒具有非常广泛的应用。小淀粉颗粒可用于制药业、化妆品、食品、油漆、涂料、纸、油墨和许多其它应用。
背景技术
迄今,这类小颗粒是使用聚合物作为原料通过(多重的)乳液交联或溶剂蒸发、喷雾干燥和其它方法制备的(Jiugao,Y.等人的《淀粉》46(1994)252;Arshady,R.的《聚合物工艺学》29(1989),1747)。以下专利中描述了大量路径:PCT/GB/01735、PCT/GB95/00686、PCT/GB92/01692、PCT/GB93/01421、EP0213303B1。在EP0213303B1中使用两个不能混合的含水液相作为原料。在溶剂交联的情况下需要大量机械能,并且很难将这些颗粒分离出并提纯,这使得生产成本高(例如PCT/GB93/01692)。蒸发和喷雾干燥也是需要使用大量(经常是有机、挥发性)溶剂的昂贵技术。总是使用溶于水的聚合物或淀粉作为原料。在PCT/GB95/00686中将水溶性和水不溶性聚合物的组合用作原料。然而,它们都溶于两种不同溶剂中。
发明内容
本发明现在提供一种淀粉颗粒的制备方法,它是使用一种两相体系,而淀粉作为第三种主要组分。该方法包括至少以下步骤:
a)制备含有淀粉水分散液的第一相;
b)在第二液相中制备第一相的分散液和乳液,条件是第二相不是水;
c)将第一相中的淀粉交联;
d)分离由此形成的淀粉颗粒。
具体实施方式
按照本发明,淀粉应理解为天然淀粉、颗粒淀粉、分级淀粉和淀粉衍生物以及富含淀粉(含有至少80%淀粉wt/wt)的农业原料,如小麦粉。淀粉可以来自大量天然源,如小麦、玉米、淀粉玉米、蜡玉米、马铃薯、奎藜籽、大米等。
优选淀粉为颗粒淀粉,它可以为天然或改性的,例如经物理、化学或酶改性的。淀粉不一定溶于冷水中。任选地,淀粉也可以为全部或部分胶凝化或熔融的。也可以使用各种淀粉的混合物。例如,可以将部分溶解的(预)胶凝化或改性的淀粉加入天然淀粉中。
也可以使用部分或完全分级的淀粉,例如富含直链淀粉的淀粉或者相反地,富含支链淀粉的淀粉。可以使用的衍生物为部分或完全水解的淀粉如麦芽糖糊精(其中水解可以在热或酸、碱或酶水解的影响下)、氧化淀粉(羧基、二醛等)、羧化、氯化或硫酸盐化淀粉、已放弃疏水基(酯如乙酸酯、琥珀酸酯,半酯、磷酸酯)的淀粉和磷酸盐化淀粉、淀粉醚类(羟烷基)等。而且,也可以使用具有上述改性组合的淀粉,即双官能或多官能淀粉。衍生物也可以为颗粒。
可以使用其它碳水化合物或聚合物作为辅料。这些辅料最多占15%,优选1-10%(wt/wt,以淀粉固体计)。所述辅料尤其包括其它碳水化合物,例如藻酸盐、果胶和羧甲基纤维素。
所述的第一相中的淀粉含量为1-50重量%,优选5-25重量%。
按照本发明的第一个方面,第二相为疏水相。将所述第二相分散或乳化在第一相(水包淀粉)中,以这种方式生产水包油(O/W)乳液(步骤b)i))。然后将所述O/W乳液转化成油包水(W/O)乳液(步骤b)ii))。本申请中将该方法称之为“相转化法”。在该W/O乳液中含水相由第一个淀粉包水相组成。淀粉可以为颗粒、部分胶凝化或溶于其中。在相转化步骤之后,将淀粉颗粒交联,然后分离。
在相转化之前或相转化过程中可能已开始交联反应。如果交联反应的条件使得交联反应进行得慢的话,尤其可以使用该方法。完全交联通常发生在相转化之后。
在该方法开始时,淀粉还没有完全胶凝化。按照本发明的一个优选实施方式,在相转化过程中、之前或之后进行颗粒淀粉的部分或完全进一步胶凝化。在交联过程中淀粉可以部分为颗粒。可以通过升高温度或通过添加盐如氢氧化物、或者通过其组合进行胶凝化。
有利地,步骤b)中O/W乳液中的疏水相∶水之比为数量级80∶20-20∶80。优选O/W乳液中的疏水相∶水之比为60∶40和40∶60(V/V)。
适宜将不与水混溶的所有液体作为疏水相。这些例子有烃类(烷、环烷)、醚类、酯类、卤代烃、二和三酸甘油酯、脂肪、蜡和油。油或脂的例子有棕榈油、核仁油、向日葵油和色拉油。许多非极性液体有辛烷、十二烷、甲苯、十氢萘、二甲苯、如戊醇和辛醇的高级醇、或其混合物。优选使用石蜡油、己烷或环己烷。优选疏水相的粘度与淀粉/水相的粘度接近。水/淀粉相与疏水相的可混合性优选必需尽可能低。
优选借助表面活性剂稳定该O/W乳液。相转化,即O/W乳液向W/O乳液的转化(步骤b)ii)),可以各种方式进行。1)如果使用热敏性表面活性剂,相转化可以通过升高温度来诱导。2)可以通过加入另一表面活性剂来使O/W乳液去稳定。该表面活性剂稳定W/O乳液。3)通过加入一疏水液可以获得相转化。4)借助盐的加入也可以获得相转化。
首先谈谈通过升高温度的相转化。升高温度使表面活性剂分子在O/W界面向油相移动。这使得极性头提供的抗疏水相聚并的保护也降低。在一定温度下,例如根据疏水相、表面活性剂的种类以及水相中的淀粉的种类和浓度,将该保护降低至所有油滴结合并且乳液改变或由O/W转化成W/O。
相转化温度(PIT)依赖于所选的(水/淀粉)/油(疏水相)/表面活憔剂体系。所述表面活性剂对水和疏水相如油必需优选具有同等亲和力。这以HLB(亲水-亲油平衡)值表示。优选使用HLB值为8-20或者更优选10-15的表面活性剂。HLB值越高,表面活性剂对水相的亲和力越高。如果该值太高,为了能够进行相转化,必需将温度升得更高(或者需加入表面活性剂或疏水液体或盐),或者甚至不再有任意相转化。
原则上,可以使用各种表面活性剂或乳化剂,如脂肪酸一甘油酯,例如Dimodan、Acidan(蒸馏的甘油一酸酯)和甘油一硬脂酸酯、脂肪酸(Cetodan、Lactodan、Panodan、Promodan)的柠檬酸、乳酸和乙酸酯、脂肪酸(Triodan)的丙二醇酯、山梨糖醇一月桂酸酯、山梨糖醇一棕榈酸酯、硬脂酸钙、乙氧基化和琥珀酰基化一甘油酯、葡萄糖和蔗糖酯;还有脂肪酸醇(鲸蜡醇、棕榈醇、硬脂醇)、自由脂肪酸、脂类、磷脂类、卵磷脂、糖脂和二醇类。特别适宜的表面活性剂的例子为具有一极性聚氧乙烯头的那些。这些表面活性剂尤其是以商品名吐温出售。优选使用吐温-85(聚氧乙烯(20)山梨糖醇三油酸酯,HLB=111±1)。
如上所述,进行相转化的温度取决于各种因素,例如取决于表面活性剂的类型以及较少程度地取决于表面活性剂的浓度。例如可以通过以下降低PIT:
*增加乳液中的盐浓度;
*降低水∶油比;
*加入一醇;
*升高或降低pH,这取决于表面活性剂的类型。
优选水/油(疏水相)/表面活性剂体系经选择,使得温度仅上升20℃,优选仅上升10℃就足以引起相转化。优选相转化在0-80℃进行,更优选略在室温(约25-40℃)以上。
使得相转化发生的第二种方法是加入第二种表面活性剂。所述第二种表面活性剂与稳定O/W乳液的表面活性剂不同。例如,如果O/W已用吐温80稳定,那么可以加入斯潘80。
另外,O/W乳液向W/O乳液的转变通过向该O/W乳液中加入一疏水液体获得。该改变或转化通过改变水和油相的体积分数或者分别改变界面的表面张力来发生。事实上,向该O/W乳液中加入疏水液体或盐也可以认为降低了相转化温度。
使用这种方法(相转化)的一个优点是W/O乳液的形成是一自发过程,这样几乎不需要机械能就能乳化该体系。当该体系按比例放大时也具有这一优点。特别是当使用该PIT方法时,在许多情况下可以简单地分离出颗粒。这可以通过降低温度来进行,结果使W/O乳液去稳定。分离也可以通过添加非极性溶剂,优选一非极性醇,更优选环己醇或环辛醇进行。
该体系的另一优点是通过调整加工条件,例如通过适宜选择体系的组分,可以将粒径调整至所需。
相转化之后,将已分散或任选部分地溶于水相中的淀粉交联。该交联反应可以在相转化之前、之中或之后开始。该反应的结果是生产出离散淀粉颗粒。然后可以将这些颗粒分离开。
交联可以通过优选加入到淀粉/水相的交联剂引发。交联可以在相转化之前或相转化过程中或仅在其之后发生,主要是由反应速度决定。根据交联剂,通过加入催化剂如碱、酸或盐可以引发交联反应。
优选在0-80℃,优选10-60℃下进行交联反应。显而易见,在相转化温度之上的温度下,优选在相转化温度之上至少10℃和更优选在相转化温度之上至少20℃的温度下进行该交联反应。
每摩尔葡糖酐单元优选使用5-1000mmol,更优选20-500mmol交联剂。
可以使用的交联剂为最常规的双官能或多官能试剂。交联剂的例子有常规交联剂如表氯醇、乙二醛、三偏磷酸三钠、磷酰氯或二元或多元羧酸的酐。然而,特别优选使用磷酸盐如三偏磷酸三钠作为交联剂。在这些情况下催化剂可以为例如氢氧化钠的碱。
当使用改性淀粉时可以使用各种其它交联剂。在使用二醛-淀粉时,交联剂例如可以是二胺或二酰胺,例如脲、丁二胺或己二胺,其中可以使用酸作为催化剂。
在例如使用羧甲基淀粉或二羧基淀粉时,还可以使用二胺或二醇进行交联反应。然而,这里的交联反应还可以并有利地通过形成内酯来进行,它可以通过多价金属离子如钙、镁、铝、锌或铁催化,优选钙。另一可能的原料为阳离子或氨基烷基淀粉,它可以使用二羧酸或二醛就地交联。
一些其它交联剂有:功能性环氧化物如二环氧丁烷、二环氧丙醚和亚烷基二环氧丙醚、二氯丙醇、二溴丙醇、脂肪酸酐、戊二醛、氨基酸和硼砂。
在许多情况下,还可以在交联反应中同时进行淀粉的化学改性,例如羧甲基化或阳离子化反应。
按照本发明的第二方面,第二相由在广泛浓度范围内易于(或完全)与水混溶的非淀粉溶剂(non-solvent for starch)组成。在该非溶剂和水的一定比例下,该体系不再完全混溶并发生相分离,淀粉水相的小滴在连续的非溶剂相中存在。
按照该实施方式,本发明包括一种两相体系的淀粉颗粒的转变方法,其中第二相为水混溶性的非淀粉溶剂,该方法包括:
a)制备含有淀粉水分散液的第一相;
b)向第一相中加入第二相,从而发生相分离;
c)将第一相中的淀粉交联;和
d)将由此形成的淀粉分离。
可以使用水混溶性而淀粉不能被其溶解的任意液体作为非淀粉溶剂。这些非溶剂的例子有丙酮、甲醇、乙醇和异丙醇。
优选使用乙醇。以第一个水包淀粉相的量计,反应过程中乙醇的量优选为20-75%,更优选45-55%,条件是可获得相分离体系。该量取决于其它组分如淀粉。
优选在0-80℃,更优选在10-60℃下进行制备。
采用该方法时交联的方式对应于上述的方法。每摩尔葡糖酐单元使用优选5-1000mmol、更优选20-500mmol的交联剂。
使用该方法,在开始该方法时淀粉不必完全胶凝化。根据本发明的一个优选实施方式,在向第一相加入非溶剂的过程之中、之前和之后对颗粒淀粉进行部分或完全进一步胶凝化。在交联反应过程中淀粉可以部分保持粒状。
这些颗粒的粒径在50nm-100μm。粒径尤其取决于淀粉和交联剂类型和浓度、反应时间和非溶剂类型。该方法还赋予了如下优点:通过调整加工条件,包括各种组分,可以调整其粒径。
交联反应之后,以非常简单的方式通过离心或过滤和干燥将颗粒分离出。如果必需的话,加入少量其它非溶剂,使该体系去稳定。在部分干燥之后可以立即将颗粒用于悬液中。颗粒可以在空气中干燥,任选用水、乙醇或丙酮等洗涤之后,或者使用现存的干燥技术如辊筒干燥、冷冻干燥或喷雾干燥。
制备颗粒的该方法的另一优点在于不需要表面活性剂,并且不需要酸或盐就能分离出颗粒。因此可以简单方式重新使用该非溶剂。
尤其可以将该淀粉颗粒用于造纸、纺织业、炸药、泡沫、粘合剂、热熔物、洗涤剂、水凝胶、肥料、食品、人造香气和风味剂、制药业和化妆品、组织、土壤改良剂、杀虫剂、涂料、可以通过适当处理如通过酶或热水去除的涂料油漆、油墨、色调剂、有机反应、催化、制陶术和诊断剂。所用量为常规使用量。
实施例1
将13g Paselli SA2(Avebe)分散于80g含10g NaCl的水中。将该分散液加入到110g含7g吐温85的石蜡油中。使该O/W乳液到22℃。然后加入在2ml水中的0.21g NaOH和1.2ml表氯醇(ECH),并将其整个加热到50℃。该乳液的相转化温度PIT2(加入碱之后并且因此在交联反应过程中)为25℃。反应时间为几小时。
为了引发分离,加入0.52ml 37%HCl和50ml水。使温度为21℃。这是乳液中和之后的相转化温度(PIT3)。加入酸之前的相转化温度PIT2通常略高于PIT3。可以容易并快速地离心或过滤出颗粒。借助光显微镜检查进行粒径评价(<600nm)。颗粒为球形。
实施例2
将60g Paselli SA2(Avebe)分散于400g含45g NaCl的水中。将该分散液加入到500g含35g吐温85的石蜡油中。使该O/W乳液到20℃。加入在2ml水中的0.21g NaOH和1.2ml表氯醇(ECH),并将其整个加热到50℃。该W/O乳液的PIT2为25℃。反应时间为16小时。
为了引发分离,加入5g 37%HCl和200ml水。使温度为20℃。可以容易并快速地离心或过滤出颗粒。借助光显微镜检查进行粒径评价(<600nm)。颗粒为球形。
实施例3
将60g Paselli SA2(Avebe)分散于400g含10g NaCl的水中。将该分散液加入到500g含35g吐温85的石蜡油中。使该O/W乳液到20℃。该乳液交联之前的相转化温度PIT1为25℃。加入0.95g NaOH和3ml水以及30g三偏磷酸三钠(TSTP),并将其整个加热到55℃。在25℃下进行相转化。反应时间为3.5小时。
为了引发分离,加入在200ml水中的2.4g 37%HCl。使温度降低至25℃(即PIT3)以下。在约20℃(中和之后的相转化温度,即PIT3)下通过交替加热和冷却将颗粒分离出。借助光显微镜检查进行粒径评价(<600nm)。
实施例4
将200g Paselli SA2(Avebe)分散于1升含70g TSTP的水中。将该分散液加入到1000ml含40g吐温85的石蜡油中。使该O/W乳液到20℃。在25℃下进行相转化(PIT2;PIT1为24℃)。加入10ml水中的2.5g NaOH,并将其整个加热到50℃。反应时间为16小时。
为了引发分离,加入在500ml水中的6.25g 37%HCl。使温度降低至22℃(即PIT3)以下。在约22℃(中和之后的相转化温度,即PIT3)下通过交替加热和冷却将颗粒分离出。借助光显微镜检查进行粒径评价(<600nm)。颗粒为球形。
实施例5
将6g Paselli SA2分散于40g含3g NaCl的水中。将该分散液加入到55g含3.5g吐温85的石蜡油中。使该O/W乳液到20℃。加入0.314g NaOH的2ml水。然后加入0.3g GMAC(阳离子试剂)的2ml水和1ml ECH。将其整个加热到50℃。反应时间为6小时。
为了引发分离,加入在20ml水中的0.79g 37%HCl。使温度降低至30℃以下。该PIT3为30℃。借助光显微镜检查进行粒径评价。通过加入NaCl可以降低其PIT3。
实施例6
在带有顶端搅拌器的玻璃烧瓶中将12g天然马铃薯淀粉(PN)分散于去矿化水(600ml)中。将氢氧化钠(2g在25ml去矿化水中)加入到该淀粉分散液中,直到获得没有结块的均匀、浓、凝胶状块。然后将乙醇(EtOH,450ml)慢慢加入该淀粉/水相,直到形成一(乳白色)两相体系。获得一稳定状态之后,加入4g TSTP。在室温下将反应进行24小时。反应之后,加入乙醇(250ml),直到形成含淀粉颗粒的水沉淀和乙醇-水上层。将该乙醇-水层倒出。任选可以首先经过离心(在3000rpm下3分钟)。如果需要的话,还用水将该淀粉层冲洗几次,直到事实上所有乙醇都没有了。光显微镜检查显示,该淀粉经部分胶凝化并含有残余颗粒。
实施例7
在带有顶端搅拌器的玻璃烧瓶中将500g天然马铃薯淀粉(PN)分散于去矿化水(25升)中。将氢氧化钠(333g)加入到该淀粉分散液中,直到获得没有结块的均匀、浓、凝胶状块。然后将乙醇(EtOH,10.4升)慢慢加入该淀粉/水相,直到形成一(乳白色)两相体系。获得一稳定状态之后,加入366.7g TSTP。在室温下将反应进行24小时。在颗粒形成一沉淀之后,尽可能地将乙醇-水层倒出。使用NiroMobile Minor喷雾干燥器(位置2为150℃)。通过电子显微镜测定的粒径为约1-10μm。
实施例8
在带有顶端搅拌器的玻璃烧瓶中将18g天然糯玉米淀粉(WCN)分散于去矿化水(600ml)中。将氢氧化钠(6g在25ml去矿化水中)加入到该淀粉分散液中,直到获得没有结块的均匀、浓、凝胶状块。然后将乙醇(EtOH,250ml)慢慢加入该淀粉/水相,直到形成一(乳白色)两相体系。获得一稳定状态之后,加入4g TSTP。在室温下将反应进行24小时。反应之后,加入乙醇(156ml),直到形成含淀粉颗粒的水沉淀和乙醇-水上层。加入过程中使用一超声浴。将该乙醇-水层倒出。如果适当的话可以进行离心(在3000rpm下3分钟)。如果需要的话,还用水将该淀粉层冲洗几次,直到事实上所有乙醇都没有了。
实施例9
以实施例6、7和8中相同的方式由Floc-gel和Paselli SA2淀粉(Avebe)制备颗粒。然而,加入用于分离的乙醇量(第二个量)分别为230和255ml。
实施例10
将l00g阳离子淀粉(Avebe,DS=0.044)分散于约300ml水中。向该分散液中加入20g ECH和150mg H2SO4。然后将该淀粉悬浮液在70℃下保持4小时,以便实现ECH与淀粉的酸偶联。同时淀粉经过胶凝化。然后将该淀粉溶液冷却到室温。
然后加入约300ml乙醇;以该水/乙醇比进行相分离,由此可以看到:溶液变浑浊,并且通过光显微镜检查也可以看到。一旦发生相分离,就通过慢慢加入1g NaOH于50ml的l∶1水/乙醇混合物的溶液使其pH升高。通过这种方式开始交联反应。18小时之后加入其它乙醇,之后通过离心从乙醇中移出交联淀粉颗粒。这些颗粒经过冲洗并增稠至含有约30%固体的悬液。
Claims (20)
1.以两相体系制备淀粉颗粒的方法,该方法包括:
a)制备含有原料淀粉水分散液的第一相;
b)i)在第一相中分散或乳化第二相,该第二相是疏水相,从而以形成水包油乳液,
ii)将该水包油乳液转化为油包水乳液;
c)将第一相中的淀粉交联;和
d)分离由此形成的淀粉颗粒。
2.权利要求1的方法,在步骤b)ii)之前、之中或之后淀粉完全或部分胶凝化。
3.权利要求1的方法,其中步骤b)i)中疏水相∶水的体积比为80∶20-20∶80。
4.权利要求3的方法,其中步骤b)i)中疏水相∶水的体积比为60∶40-40∶60。
5.权利要求1的方法,其中水包油乳液含有一表面活性剂。
6.权利要求5的方法,其中表面活性剂的亲水亲油平衡值为8-20。
7.权利要求5或6的方法,其中步骤b)ii)包括将水包油乳液的温度升高,直到发生相转化。
8.权利要求5或6的方法,其中步骤b)ii)包括向所述的水包油乳液中加入第二种表面活性剂,从而发生向油包水乳液的转化。
9.权利要求5或6的方法,其中步骤b)ii)包括向水包油乳液中加入一疏水液,以便发生向油包水乳液的转化。
10.如权利要求1的方法,其中所述的原料淀粉选自天然淀粉、颗粒淀粉、分级淀粉和淀粉衍生物、以及含有至少80重量%淀粉的农业原料。
11.如权利要求1的方法,其中第一相中的淀粉含量为1-50重量%。
12.如权利要求11的方法,其中第一相中的淀粉含量为5-25重量%。
13.如权利要求1的方法,其中借助交联剂进行所述的交联。
14.以两相体系制备淀粉颗粒的方法,该方法包括:
a)制备含有原料淀粉水分散液的第一相;
b)向第一相中加入第二相,该第二相为水混溶性的非淀粉溶剂,从而发生相分离;
c)将第一相中的淀粉交联;和
d)分离由此形成的淀粉颗粒。
15.权利要求14的方法,其中所述的水混溶性的非淀粉溶剂为乙醇或丙酮。
16.权利要求14的方法,其中在步骤b)或c)之前、之中或之后淀粉完全或部分胶凝化。
17.如权利要求14的方法,其中所述的原料淀粉选自天然淀粉、颗粒淀粉、分级淀粉和淀粉衍生物、以及含有至少80重量%淀粉的农业原料。
18.如权利要求14的方法,其中第一相中的淀粉含量为1-50重量%。
19.如权利要求18的方法,其中第一相中的淀粉含量为5-25重量%。
20.如权利要求14的方法,其中借助交联剂进行所述的交联。
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NL1010926A NL1010926C2 (nl) | 1998-12-30 | 1998-12-30 | Werkwijze voor de bereiding van zetmeeldeeltjes. |
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US (1) | US6755915B1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1155041B1 (zh) |
JP (2) | JP4977292B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR100652533B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1226307C (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE242272T1 (zh) |
AU (1) | AU765200B2 (zh) |
BR (1) | BR9916691B1 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2357032C (zh) |
DE (1) | DE69908655T2 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2200586T3 (zh) |
MX (1) | MX226463B (zh) |
NL (1) | NL1010926C2 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2000040617A1 (zh) |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9024488B2 (en) | 2007-06-27 | 2015-05-05 | Brooks Automation, Inc. | Robot drive with magnetic spindle bearings |
CN102949971A (zh) * | 2012-10-30 | 2013-03-06 | 中科院广州化学有限公司 | 一种淀粉基二氧化硅复合微球及其制备方法和应用 |
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DE69908655D1 (de) | 2003-07-10 |
KR100652533B1 (ko) | 2006-12-01 |
ES2200586T3 (es) | 2004-03-01 |
ATE242272T1 (de) | 2003-06-15 |
JP2002543220A (ja) | 2002-12-17 |
WO2000040617A1 (en) | 2000-07-13 |
JP4977292B2 (ja) | 2012-07-18 |
EP1155041B1 (en) | 2003-06-04 |
BR9916691B1 (pt) | 2010-11-30 |
NL1010926C2 (nl) | 2000-07-03 |
MX226463B (es) | 2005-02-25 |
CN1335857A (zh) | 2002-02-13 |
BR9916691A (pt) | 2002-03-19 |
US6755915B1 (en) | 2004-06-29 |
CA2357032C (en) | 2009-02-17 |
EP1155041A1 (en) | 2001-11-21 |
CA2357032A1 (en) | 2000-07-13 |
AU3081700A (en) | 2000-07-24 |
DE69908655T2 (de) | 2004-07-01 |
JP2012111955A (ja) | 2012-06-14 |
MXPA01006641A (es) | 2004-04-21 |
KR20010108052A (ko) | 2001-12-07 |
AU765200B2 (en) | 2003-09-11 |
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