CN1205292A - 用以从一包装材料管连续生产密封包装的包装装置 - Google Patents

用以从一包装材料管连续生产密封包装的包装装置 Download PDF

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CN1205292A
CN1205292A CN98115124A CN98115124A CN1205292A CN 1205292 A CN1205292 A CN 1205292A CN 98115124 A CN98115124 A CN 98115124A CN 98115124 A CN98115124 A CN 98115124A CN 1205292 A CN1205292 A CN 1205292A
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envelope
pincers
envelope pincers
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CN1131817C (zh
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P·方塔纳兹
L·弗里堡
P·古斯塔夫松
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Tetra Laval Holdings and Finance SA
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B9/00—Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material, e.g. liquids or semiliquids, in flat, folded, or tubular webs of flexible sheet material; Subdividing filled flexible tubes to form packages
    • B65B9/10—Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material, in preformed tubular webs, or in webs formed into tubes around filling nozzles, e.g. extruded tubular webs
    • B65B9/12—Subdividing filled tubes to form two or more packages by sealing or securing involving displacement of contents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B29C66/431—Joining the articles to themselves
    • B29C66/4312—Joining the articles to themselves for making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles, e.g. transversal seams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B29C66/7232—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer
    • B29C66/72321—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer consisting of metals or their alloys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B29C66/7232—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer
    • B29C66/72327—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer consisting of natural products or their composites, not provided for in B29C66/72321 - B29C66/72324
    • B29C66/72328—Paper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B29C66/7234—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a barrier layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81427—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single ridge, e.g. for making a weakening line; comprising a single tooth
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8145—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the constructional aspects of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/81457—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the constructional aspects of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps comprising a block or layer of deformable material, e.g. sponge, foam, rubber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/816—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the mounting of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8161—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the mounting of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps said pressing elements being supported or backed-up by springs or by resilient material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/816—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the mounting of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8161—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the mounting of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps said pressing elements being supported or backed-up by springs or by resilient material
    • B29C66/81611—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the mounting of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps said pressing elements being supported or backed-up by springs or by resilient material by resilient material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/82—Pressure application arrangements, e.g. transmission or actuating mechanisms for joining tools or clamps
    • B29C66/822—Transmission mechanisms
    • B29C66/8226—Cam mechanisms; Wedges; Eccentric mechanisms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/834—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools moving with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/8351—Jaws mounted on rollers, cylinders, drums, bands, belts or chains; Flying jaws
    • B29C66/83531—Jaws mounted on rollers, cylinders, drums, bands, belts or chains; Flying jaws jaws mounted on chains
    • B29C66/83533—Cooperating jaws mounted on cooperating chains and moving in a closed path
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/84—Specific machine types or machines suitable for specific applications
    • B29C66/849—Packaging machines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B51/00—Devices for, or methods of, sealing or securing package folds or closures; Devices for gathering or twisting wrappers, or necks of bags
    • B65B51/10—Applying or generating heat or pressure or combinations thereof
    • B65B51/26—Devices specially adapted for producing transverse or longitudinal seams in webs or tubes
    • B65B51/30—Devices, e.g. jaws, for applying pressure and heat, e.g. for subdividing filled tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
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    • B65B55/00—Preserving, protecting or purifying packages or package contents in association with packaging
    • B65B55/02—Sterilising, e.g. of complete packages
    • B65B55/04—Sterilising wrappers or receptacles prior to, or during, packaging
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B29C65/24—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools characterised by the means for heating the tool
    • B29C65/30—Electrical means
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B65B43/52—Feeding or positioning bags, boxes, or cartons in the distended, opened, or set-up state; Feeding preformed rigid containers, e.g. tins, capsules, glass tubes, glasses, to the packaging position; Locating containers or receptacles at the filling position; Supporting containers or receptacles during the filling operation using roller-ways or endless conveyors

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Package Closures (AREA)
  • Containers And Plastic Fillers For Packaging (AREA)
  • Auxiliary Devices For And Details Of Packaging Control (AREA)

Abstract

一种用以从包装材料管(14)连续生产无菌密封包装(2)的包装装置(1),该装置(1)具有一第一和第二链式输送机(10,11),两者各自带有一组封钳(12)和一组反向封钳(13),它们相互作用夹住管(14)以便通过封钳(12)上的感应加热装置(29)在连续的横向部分处热封管(14),各封钳(13)带有一个推杆(35),它通过介入一个弹簧(75)而安装在反向封钳的主体(20)上,该弹簧限定了施加在包装材料上的夹紧压力。

Description

用以从一包装材料管连续生产 密封包装的包装装置
本发明涉及一种包装装置，用以从一包装材料管连续生产无菌密封包装，该包装内含有可灌装的食品。
更具体说，根据本发明的包装装置是用以生产大致为平行六面体形状的无菌密封包装。
许多可灌装食品，例如果汁，巴氏灭菌或UHT(超高温处理)牛奶，酒，蕃茄酱等，是在由消毒包装材料制成的包装袋中销售的。
这样一种包装的一个典型例子是以Tetra Brik Aseptic(注册商标)的名字公知的平行六面体形包装容器，用于液体或可灌装食品，该包装容器是通过折叠和密封一成卷带状包装材料而形成的。成卷包装材料包括数层纤维材料，例如纸，其两侧覆盖有聚乙烯之类的热塑材料；并且在包装中最终接触食品的包装材料一侧还包括一层例如铝箔之类的阻挡层，其上也覆盖有一层热塑材料。
众所周知，上述类型的包装袋是在全自动包装机中生产的，在此包装机中，以带状形式供给的包装材料被成形为一连续的管。带状包装材料在包装机上消毒，例如通过涂覆过氧化氢之类的化学消毒剂；在消毒之后，从包装材料的表面上例如通过加热蒸发除去消毒剂；并且如此消毒过的带状包装材料被保持在封闭的无菌环境中，并被纵向折叠和密封而形成一个管。
该管被充填进消毒的或消毒处理后的食品，并在等距隔开的横向部分上密封，然后在该横向部分处将其切割成枕形包裹，最后将它们机械地折叠成平行六面体包装袋。
上述类型的包装机是公知的，其中管的横向部分由两个被相应的臂所移动的封钳装置密封，从而在连续的横向部分处有间隔地夹住管以便密封。封钳中的一个封钳包括一个感应加热装置，用以当封钳装置夹住管时局部熔化热塑材料，从而焊接热塑材料表层，进而密封管的一个横向部分。
每个封钳装置完成一个较复杂的操作循环，其中在包装机的一个上部工位使相应封钳与管接触；牢固夹住该管的封钳装置与该管一起沿着该管的进给轴线被下降，以便密封该横向部分，然后在包装机的一个下部工位被打开。第二个封钳装置也完成相同的循环，但相差一个与包装机生产速度对应的时间间隔，这样在由一个封钳装置形成的第一密封和由另一封钳装置随后形成的第二密封之间延伸的管的一部分就形成各包装。
尽管已广泛使用并相当可靠，但上述类型的已知机器的生产速度受到限制，这是因为所涉及的大质量零件(臂，封钳和相应的致动器)的周期性往复运动，其惯性将生产速度限制在几千次循环／每小时，超过该限制，就会遇到动力学问题，而损害机器的运作。
为了提高这类机器的生产速度，提出了连续的包装装置，它包括两个链式输送机，该链式输送机限定了相应的循环路径并分别装有一组封钳和反向封钳。这两个路径包括相对且相互平行的分支路径，并在两者之间进给包装材料管；并且一个输送机上的封钳沿着相应路径的所述分支路径与另一输送机上的相应反向封钳配合，以便在一组顺序的横向部分处夹住管并密封该包装袋。连续的链式输送机系统在某种程度上克服了动力学问题，并提高了往复式系统所不能达到的最大生产速度。
例如在US-Re33，467中描述了这种机器。
尽管试用了一定的时间，但就申请人所知，这种机器仍未能投入实际使用。
上述机器所存在的一个问题是难以精确并可靠地控制由封钳和反向封钳施加在包装材料上以形成密封的接触压力，并且此接触压力是由固定在机器结构上的控制凸轮和相应的凸轮从动件之间的接触产生的，其中该凸轮从动件沿相应的凸轮运行并连接于相应的封钳和反向封钳。由于接触压力在很大程度上取决于制造和装配公差，一旦凸轮和相应的凸轮从动件磨损，及操作温度变化，在设定机器及保持最佳操作状态方面就会遇到相当大的困难。
为了达到可靠的生产工艺，控制密封温度十分重要，以确保不致损坏包装，并保持所包物体的无菌特性。
本发明的目的是提供一种包装装置，用以连续地生产包含可灌装食品的无菌密封包装，它可克服上述与已知机器相关的缺陷。
根据本发明，提供了一种用以由一热封包装材料制造的管，连续生产无菌密封包装的包装装置，其中包装包含一种可灌装的食品，热封材料则呈片材的形式并沿一垂直的供给路径进给；所述管被充填进所述食品；并且所述装置包括：
一第一链式输送机，带有一组封钳，并限定了一循环的第一路径，所述封钳沿该路径运行；
一第二链式输送机，带有一组反向封钳，并限定了一循环的第二路径，所述反向封钳沿该路径运行；
所述第一和所述第二路径包括靠近包装材料管的所述供给路径的各自工作部分，并在所述供给路径的相对侧面上对称地延伸，这样，所述封钳和相应反向封钳配合，以便在等距隔开的横向部分处夹住所述管；
所述装置至少沿着所述各自的工作部分，还包括用以为所述封钳导向的第一凸轮导向装置，和用以为所述反向封钳导向的第二凸轮导向装置；并且所述封钳和所述反向封钳包括与所述相应的第一和第二凸轮导向装置配合的凸轮从动装置；
并且所述封钳和所述反向封钳还分别包括用以热封所述包装材料的加热装置，和用以施加夹紧压力以便朝所述加热装置夹住所述包装材料的推动装置。
其特征在于所述反向封钳各包括一个主体，该主体包括所述凸轮从动装置并限定了所述第二链式输送机的一个链节；所述推动装置包括一个安装在所述主体上并相对于所述主体沿所述夹紧压力的方向是可动的压力件，和介于所述主体和所述压力件之间并限定所述夹紧压力的弹性装置。
下面将参照附图以举例的方式描述本发明的一个非限定最佳实施例，附图中：
图1是根据本发明教导的包装装置的一个透视图，为清楚起见移走了一些零件；
图2是图1所示装置示意性局部侧视图；
图3是图1所示装置的封钳和相应反向封钳的透视图；
图4是图3所示反向封钳的前视图；
图5是沿图4中Ⅴ-Ⅴ线所取的剖视图；
图6是图5的一个放大详图；
图7是图3所示封钳和反向封钳处于夹住位置时的半个剖视图，为清楚起见除去了部分零件。
参照图1和2，数字1表示一个由连续的管状包装材料14生产无菌密封包装2的包装装置，所述管状包装材料14内包含巴氏灭菌或UHT牛奶、果汁、酒等之类的可灌装食品。
管14是在包装装置1的上游以已知方式通过沿纵向折叠和密封条状热封材料形成的，并在上游充填进经消毒或经消毒处理的待包装食品。
装置1包括一个由两个侧壁4、5和两个平行的横向壁6、7限定的机架3(图1)，横向壁6、7刚性地装配在侧壁4、5之间并与侧壁4、5一起限定了一个开口8；和两个链式输送机10、11，该两个链式输送机安装在机架3上并分别包括相互配合的封钳12(图1中仅示出一个)和反向封钳13(图1中仅示出一个)，以便与沿垂直路径A穿过开口8送入的包装材料管14相互作用。
输送机10和11限定了相应的循环路径P和Q，封钳12和反向封钳13沿路径P和Q运行，并且循环路径P和Q分别绕机架3的壁6和7延伸。
输送机10包括一个沿路径P延伸的铰接链条15；和两个在路径P的底端在链条15的两侧上啮合的驱动轮16。封钳12是链条15的一体部分并构成了链条15的间隔的链节，并且封钳12由成对的链节17以铰接的方式相互连接。
更具体地，每个封钳12(图3)包括一个细长的主体20，它沿垂直于路径A并平行于壁6的方向延伸，并具有相应的端部凸起21和22，每个端部凸起都带有一个凸出的第一销和第二销23，24，两者相互隔开并具有与主体20的主尺寸平行的相应轴线25，26。链节17与封钳12的销23，24铰接，从而将一个封钳12的销23连接于相邻封钳的销24。
类似地，输送机11包括一个沿路径Q延伸的铰接链条27；并且两个驱动轮28在路径Q的底端与链条27啮合。链条27由一组相互以铰接方式连接的反向封钳13构成，并且下文中将仅详细描述它们与封钳12不同之处，且对于类似于或相应于结合封钳12所描述的零件，将采用相同的编号。简言之，每个反向封钳13包括一个带有成对端部销23，24的主体20，链节17绕端部销23，24铰接以便连接相邻的反向封钳13。
每个封钳12包括一个沿垂直于管14的路径A的方向安装在主体20上的感应加热元件29，该感应加热元件然后包括一对直且平行的有源表面30，并由一对接触刷34供给电源，在使用该中接触刷与一供电杆(未示出)配合，该供电杆安装在机架3上并在开口8内部的路径P的区域内延伸。
与一加热元件29相对，每个反向封钳13包括一个压力杆35(图4和5)，该压力杆35与相应封钳12的加热元件29配合而夹住管14的一横向部分(图2)。在于使用中而对相应封钳12的前表面46上，压力杆35包括两个由较具柔性的弹性材料制成的带36，带36在与加热元件29的有源表面30相对的位置上与包装材料配合。
封钳12和反向封钳13各包括一个相应的控制装置37，用以在包装2形成时控制它的体积。各控制装置37不构成本发明的部分，故不详细描述。
封钳12和反向封钳13的运动由相应的凸轮对50，51控制，该凸轮对50，51安装在机架3的壁6、7上并与安装在封钳12和反向封钳13上的相应滚子对52、53配合。
更具体说，如图3所示，封钳12和反向封钳13各包括可空转地安装在主体20的端部凸起21内的第一对滚子52、53，和可空转地安装在主体20的端部凸起22内的第二对滚子52，53；并且凸起21，22各包括一对平行且并列的座54，55，该座加工在后侧上(即背离加热元件29或压力杆35的侧面)并沿垂直于销23，24的轴线25，26且平行于由轴线25，26限定的平面的方向延伸。
各对中的滚子53容纳于相应的外座54内(即靠近主体20的端部)并安装在相应的销23上；各对中的滚子52容纳于相应的内座55内并安装在相应的销24上。
壁6(图1)上设置有两对凸轮50、51，封钳12的相应滚子对52、53与之配合。并且类似地，壁7上设置有两对凸轮50，51，反向封钳13的相应滚子对52，53与之配合。
凸轮50，51包括绕相应的壁6，7的顶边缘延伸的大至呈U形的部分50a，51a，以便为输送机10，11的相应链条15，27限定一个与相应驱动轮16和28相对的过渡区；和在开口8内沿相应的壁6、7延伸的相应部分50b和51b。部分50a，51a限定了路径部分P1，Q1，沿此路径部分封钳12和反向封钳13相互接近并与包装材料管14接触；部分50b，51b限定了面对面的大致平行路径部分P2，Q2，沿此路径部分封钳12和反向封钳13保持压力接触，以形成限定包装2的密封。
凸轮50，51在相应的驱动轮16，28的下游在路径P和Q的相应部分P3和Q3处释放相应链条15，27。
沿部分P3，Q3，链条15，27与相应的成对张紧器56配合，以便如此张紧链条，确保封钳12和反向封钳13的滚子52，53保持与相应凸轮50，51接触。
各张紧器56包括一个绕水平轴线铰接在支承58上的可动导板57，支承58固定在壁6或7上；和一个介在导板57和壁6或7之间的弹簧59。在背离壁6或7的表面上，导板57包括两个并列的滚动轨道60、61，两者借助于弹簧59分别与封钳12或反向封钳13的滚子52和53配合。
根据本发明，各反向封钳的压力杆35如此固定在主体20上，即允许它沿垂直于一平面的方向作有限的运动，该平面是由销23，24的轴线25，26限定，在图5和7中表示为X的该方向在使用中限定了由各封钳／反向封钳向管14施加压力的方向。
两个轴线分别平行于方向X的销65以凸出的方式安装，尤其是通过螺纹连接，在压力杆35的后部，并位于压力杆的前表面46的相对端部处，并分别宽松地与主体20上形成的定位孔66啮合。
通过插入两个弹性连接组件67将杆35安装在主体20上，用以在使用中沿X方向产生反作用压力，而使杆35靠抵在相应封钳12上。
组件67位于杆35的相对端部处，并靠着前表面46，图6中以放大的比例示出了其中一个组件67的剖面，以下参照该图。
各组件67大致包括一个轴线平行于方向X的导向轴70，该导向轴70通过一大致圆柱形的通腔71沿经向相当宽松的安装在主体20上，各组件76还包括一个端部凸缘72，它通过一组螺钉73绕通腔71安装在主体20的后部。
通腔71容纳一个刚性很高的螺旋弹簧75，由四边形断面的钢丝制成并压缩在凸缘72和一杯形件76之间，该杯形件75在通腔71内可沿轴向宽松地滑动并在轴向和经向上连接于杆35。更具体地，杯形件76包括沿轴向与弹簧75配合的环形基壁77，和一个宽松地容纳在通腔71内的圆柱形壁78，壁77包括一个以滑动方式与轴70配合的锥状内刃边79。
通腔71包括一个容纳一环形密封81的周向槽80，该密封以滑动方式与杯形件76的圆柱形壁78配合；并且通腔71和杯形件76上方便地施加有润滑油。
轴70的小直径端部82容纳在压力杆35的圆柱形座83之内，两者之间插入一弹性材料制成的衬套84。
衬套84填塞在轴70的肩部85和一个与轴70同轴的止挡垫圈86之间，垫圈86安装在轴的端部82的端头上。垫圈86的周边沿轴向与杆35的座83的一个环形肩部87配合，以便沿轴向反抗衬套84压住肩部87并反抗弹簧75朝杯形件76将杆35固定。更具体地，杯形件76的基壁77限定了一个定位环90，定位环90与压力杆35的座83啮合。
装置1的操作如下。
如图2中的箭头所示，使输送机10和11以已知的方式沿相反的方向转动，这样从相应路径P、Q的部分P1，Q1的端点并沿相应的部分P2，Q2，相应的封钳12和反向封钳13根据凸轮50，51的轮廓所限定运动与包装材料管14啮合。
在第一阶段之后(其中管14被接触且被逐渐压缩，并且包括材料被局部折叠而形成一个沿管14的横向延伸的平的密封带88)，封钳12和反向封钳13到达凸轮50，51的相应的直线部分50b，51b(图2)，在此对管14施加最大夹紧压力并且各封钳12的加热元件29通电而形成热封。
封钳12和反向封钳13的大致相似的相应凸轮50，51的部分50b之间和51b之间的距离沿所述部分的大部是恒定的，并如此选择以轻微地挤压反向封钳13的弹簧75并使之变形。
通过使由弹簧材料制成的衬套84的弹性硬度明显小于弹簧75的硬度，使上述这种挤压成为可能，这样当杆35与相应封钳12的加热元件29配合而夹住包装材料时，杆35承受的压力就沿夹紧方向X轴向压缩衬套84，并通过相应杯形件76几乎完全传递到弹簧75。
由于弹簧75仅在很小程度上变形，施加在包装材料上的夹紧压力基本上由弹簧75的预载荷决定。
根据本发明的装置1的优点可从以上描述中明显看出。
尤其是，将压力杆35弹性地连接于相应的反向封钳13的组件76可以以直线向前的方式精确地并可靠地控制施加在包装材料上的夹紧压力。
而且，借助于允许杯形件76在轴70上摇摆的内刃边79以及较软的弹性衬套84，组件67在一定及有限的程度上允许杆35的其位置，这样即使由于加工及装配公差所造成的杆35有微小定位误差的情况下，杆35仍然能够沿着整个密封部分施加均匀的压力。
最后，弹性衬套84可避免各压力杆35和相应轴70之间的滑动连接，从而与密封81一起防止外部介质特别是液体渗入通腔71，这些介质会使弹簧氧化并导致产生锈皮，而妨碍弹性连接组件67的有效运作。
很明显，如上所述，可以在不超出权利要求书的范围内对装置1作出多动改动。

Claims (8)

1．一种用以由一热封包装材料制造的管(14)，连续生产无菌密封包装(2)的包装装置(1)，其中包装(2)包含一种可灌装的食品，热封材料则呈片材的形式并沿一垂直的供给路径(A)进给；所述管(14)被充填进所述食品；并且所述装置包括：
一第一链式输送机(10)，带有一组封钳(12)，并限定了一循环的第一路径(P)，所述封钳(12)沿该路径运行；
一第二链式输送机(11)，带有一组反向封钳(13)，并限定了一循环的第二路径(Q)，所述反向封钳(13)沿该路径运行；
所述第一和所述第二路径(P，Q)包括靠近包装材料管(14)的所述供给路径(A)的各自工作部分(P1，P2；Q1，Q2)，并在所述供给路径(A)的相对侧面上大致对称地延伸，这样，所述封钳(12)与所述相应反向封钳(13)配合，以便在等距隔开的横向部分(88)处夹住所述管(14)；
所述装置(1)至少沿着所述各自的工作部分(P1，P2；Q1，Q2)，还包括用以为所述封钳(12)导向的第一凸轮导向装置(50，51)，和用以为所述反向封钳(13)导向的第二凸轮导向装置(50，51)；并且所述封钳(12)和所述反向封钳(13)包括与所述相应的第一和第二凸轮导向装置(50，51)配合的凸轮从动装置(52，53)；
并且所述封钳(12)和所述反向封钳(13)还分别包括用以热封所述包装材料的加热装置(29)，和用以施加夹紧压力以便朝所述加热装置(29)夹住所述包装材料的推动装置(35，67)；
其特征在于所述反向封钳(13)各包括一个主体(20)，然后主体(20)包括所述凸轮从动装置(52，53)并限定了所述第二链式输送机(11)的一个链节，所述推动装置(35，67)包括一个安装在主体(20)上并相对于所述主体(20)沿所述夹紧压力方向X是可动的压力件(35)，和介于所述主体(20)和所述压力件(35)之间并限定所述夹紧压力的弹簧装置(75)。
2．如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于所述压力件(35)呈一细长杆的形式，沿垂直于包装材料管(14)的所述供给路径的方向延伸；所述推动装置包括一对弹性连接组件(67)，带有各自的弹性装置(75)并在靠近压力件(35)的相应的相对端部处将所述压力件(35)连接于所述主体(20)。
3．如权利要求1或2所述的装置，其特征在于所述弹性连接组件(67)各包括一个容纳所述弹性装置(75)的大致封闭的座(71)；和用以阻止外部介质渗入所述座(71)内的密封装置(81，84)。
4．如权利要求2或3所述的装置，其特征在于所述弹性连接组件(67)各包括一个为所述压力件(35)导向的导向件(70)，导向件(70)安装在所述主体(20)上并沿所述夹紧压力的方向(X)延伸；和定位装置(76，84)，用以使所述压力件(35)相对于所述导向件(70)定位并允许少量的错位。
5．如权利要求4所述的装置，其特征在于所述定位装置包括一个柔性件(84)，所述柔性件(84)沿所述夹紧压力的方向(X)连接于所述压力件(35)并连接于所述导向件(70)，并且所述柔性件(84)是可变形的，以便允许所述压力件(35)相对于所述导向件(70)移动而不存在相应滑动接触表面。
6．如权利要求4或5所述的装置，其特征在于所述导向件是一个轴(70)，其轴线平行于所述夹紧压力的所述方向(X)，并延伸穿过所述容纳所述弹性装置(75)的座(71)，并且刚性地固定在所述主体(20)上；所述弹性装置包括一个与所述轴(70)同轴的弹簧(75)；并且所述定位装置包括一个杯形件(76)，所述杯形件(76)连接于所述压力件(35)并具有一个沿轴向与所述弹簧(75)配合的基壁(77)，和一个在所述座(71)内滑动容纳所述弹簧(75)的侧壁(78)。
7．如权利要求6所述的装置，其特征在于所述杯形件(76)的所述基座(77)包括一个在所述轴(70)上滑动的锥形内刃边(79)。
8．如权利要求6或7所述的装置，其特征在于所述密封装置包括一个环形密封(81)，它容纳在所述座(71)内并以滑动方式与所述杯形件(76)的所述侧壁(78)配合。
CN98115124A 1997-06-27 1998-06-26 用以从一包装材料管连续生产密封包装的包装装置 Expired - Fee Related CN1131817C (zh)

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CN110171673A (zh) * 2018-02-19 2019-08-27 利乐拉瓦尔集团及财务有限公司 包装装置、输送设备和用于输送设备的推车组件
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CN1131817C (zh) 2003-12-24
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HK1017870A1 (en) 1999-12-03
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US6085495A (en) 2000-07-11
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AR014358A1 (es) 2001-02-28
EP0887270A1 (en) 1998-12-30
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