CN1516644A - 用于热封包装件的感应封口器 - Google Patents

用于热封包装件的感应封口器 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1516644A
CN1516644A CNA028121562A CN02812156A CN1516644A CN 1516644 A CN1516644 A CN 1516644A CN A028121562 A CNA028121562 A CN A028121562A CN 02812156 A CN02812156 A CN 02812156A CN 1516644 A CN1516644 A CN 1516644A
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mentioned
driving surface
sealer
along
package
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CN100418736C (zh
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A���ͱ���
A·巴比尼
G·范加雷兹
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Tetra Laval Holdings and Finance SA
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Tetra Laval Holdings and Finance SA
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B29C66/7232—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer
    • B29C66/72321—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer consisting of metals or their alloys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/36—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction
    • B29C65/3604—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction characterised by the type of elements heated by induction which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/3656—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction characterised by the type of elements heated by induction which remain in the joint being a layer of a multilayer part to be joined, e.g. for joining plastic-metal laminates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/36—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction
    • B29C65/3668—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction characterised by the means for supplying heat to said heated elements which remain in the join, e.g. special induction coils
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/36—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction
    • B29C65/3672—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction characterised by the composition of the elements heated by induction which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/3676—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction characterised by the composition of the elements heated by induction which remain in the joint being metallic
    • B29C65/368—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction characterised by the composition of the elements heated by induction which remain in the joint being metallic with a polymer coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/74—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area
    • B29C65/745—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area using a single unit having both a severing tool and a welding tool
    • B29C65/7451—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area using a single unit having both a severing tool and a welding tool the severing tool and the welding tool being movable with respect to one-another
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/347—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined using particular temperature distributions or gradients; using particular heat distributions or gradients
    • B29C66/3472—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined using particular temperature distributions or gradients; using particular heat distributions or gradients in the plane of the joint, e.g. along the joint line in the plane of the joint or perpendicular to the joint line in the plane of the joint
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B29C66/431—Joining the articles to themselves
    • B29C66/4312—Joining the articles to themselves for making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles, e.g. transversal seams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B29C66/7232—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer
    • B29C66/72327—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer consisting of natural products or their composites, not provided for in B29C66/72321 - B29C66/72324
    • B29C66/72328—Paper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B29C66/7234—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a barrier layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81427—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single ridge, e.g. for making a weakening line; comprising a single tooth
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
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    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81431—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single cavity, e.g. a groove
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
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    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8145—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the constructional aspects of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/81457—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the constructional aspects of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps comprising a block or layer of deformable material, e.g. sponge, foam, rubber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/834—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools moving with the parts to be joined
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    • B29C66/83541—Jaws mounted on rollers, cylinders, drums, bands, belts or chains; Flying jaws flying jaws, e.g. jaws mounted on crank mechanisms or following a hand over hand movement
    • B29C66/83543—Jaws mounted on rollers, cylinders, drums, bands, belts or chains; Flying jaws flying jaws, e.g. jaws mounted on crank mechanisms or following a hand over hand movement cooperating flying jaws
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    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
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    • B29C66/9141—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C66/9161—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux
    • B29C66/91651—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux by controlling or regulating the heat generated by Joule heating or induction heating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
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    • B29C66/919—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges
    • B29C66/9192—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B51/00—Devices for, or methods of, sealing or securing package folds or closures; Devices for gathering or twisting wrappers, or necks of bags
    • B65B51/10—Applying or generating heat or pressure or combinations thereof
    • B65B51/22—Applying or generating heat or pressure or combinations thereof by friction or ultrasonic or high-frequency electrical means, i.e. by friction or ultrasonic or induction welding
    • B65B51/227—Applying or generating heat or pressure or combinations thereof by friction or ultrasonic or high-frequency electrical means, i.e. by friction or ultrasonic or induction welding by induction welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/20—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
    • B29C66/23—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being multiple and parallel or being in the form of tessellations
    • B29C66/232—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being multiple and parallel or being in the form of tessellations said joint lines being multiple and parallel, i.e. the joint being formed by several parallel joint lines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/812—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8122—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/914—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9141—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature
    • B29C66/91421—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature of the joining tools
    • B29C66/91423—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature of the joining tools using joining tools having different temperature zones or using several joining tools with different temperatures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2705/00—Use of metals, their alloys or their compounds, for preformed parts, e.g. for inserts
    • B29K2705/02—Aluminium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/712—Containers; Packaging elements or accessories, Packages
    • B29L2031/7162—Boxes, cartons, cases
    • B29L2031/7166—Cartons of the fruit juice or milk type, i.e. containers of polygonal cross sections formed by folding blanks into a tubular body with end-closing or contents-supporting elements, e.g. gable type containers

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Abstract

一种热封用于制造可灌注食品的包装体的并沿第一方向(A)输入的包装件(3)的感应封口器(15)，该封口器(15)具有可通过一对第一工作面(26)和一对沿上述第一方向置入上述第一工作面(26)之间的第二工作面(25)与包装件(3)相互作用的感应元件(20、21)，上述第二工作面(25)沿第一方向(A)的宽度(L1)至少在沿垂直于第一方向(A)的第二方向(A)的绝大部分长度上大于第一工作面(26)的宽度(L2)。

Description

用于热封包装件的感应封口器
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于热封包装件以制造可灌注食品的密封包装体的感应封口器。
本发明还涉及一种用于连续制造可灌注食品的密封包装体并以上述的感应封口器为其特色的包装机。
背景技术
许多可灌注食品例如果汁、超高温处理(UHT)牛奶、葡萄酒、西红柿酱等都以消毒过的包装件制成的包装体形式出售。
上述包装体的一个典型实例是装有液态的或者说可灌注的食品的称之为Tetra Brik Aseptic(注册商标)的平行六面体形的包装体，该包装体通过折叠和密封具有多层结构的层压包装材料条带而制成，上述的多层结构包括一层其两侧面上包覆有热封塑料层例如聚乙烯的纤维材料层例如纸。
在无菌包装长期贮存食品例如UHT牛奶的情况下，包装件具有一层隔障材料层例如薄铝板，该隔障层叠置在一层热封塑料层上并且也由另一层热封塑料层所包覆，最终形成包装体的与食品相接触的内面。
众所周知，上述的包装体是在完全自动化包装机上制成的，在包装机上用卷筒供给的包装材料制成连续的管件，包装材料卷在包装机本身通过例如喷撒化学消毒剂(例如过氧化氢溶液)进行消毒，消毒之后，通过例加热蒸发的办法将化学消毒剂从包装材料表面上除去。将上述消毒过的包装材料卷保持在封闭的无菌环境中，然后沿纵向折叠和密封而成一种垂直的管件。
将上述管件沿第一垂直方向连续地输进，并对其灌注入无菌的或者说消毒处理过的食品，然后由两对夹头在相等间隔的横截面上将其夹紧。更具体地说，两对夹头周期地依序地对管件起作用而热封管的包装材料，并形成一种由相应的横向密封带(也就是沿垂直于上述第一方向的第二方向延伸的密封带)将其彼此连接的枕状包装体的连续条带。
通过切割上述关联的横向密封带将上述的各枕状包装体分离开，然后送到最后压折台上将它们机械压折成最终的平行六面体形状。
采用安装在一个夹头上的加热器局部加热熔化牢固夹持在夹头之间的两层热封塑料层而将上述管件的夹持在每对夹头之间的部分热封之。
更具体地说，如果隔障材料层由导电材料例如铝薄板制成，包装件通常就采用一种称之为感应热封的方法来密封，在此方法中，当包装材料管被夹头夹住时，在薄铝板内便感应产生涡流而局部加热上述铝板，也同样局部熔化热封塑料层。
更具体地说，在感应热封方法中，加热器大体包括一种由两个夹头之一(称为密封夹头)支承并由高频电流发电机供电的感应器，该感应器大致由一个或多个由导电材料制成并且平行于第二方向延伸的感应棒，该感应棒与管件互相作用而在管件内感应产生涡流，将其加热到所需的热封温度，夹头对中的另一个夹头(称之为反夹头)具有由弹性材料制成的压力垫，该压力垫与上述感应棒协同工作而沿相应的横向密封带热封包装管。
封口作业结束后，启动由两个夹头之一(通常是反夹头)支承的并与包装管相互作用的切割器，以便沿横向密封带的中线切割管件，也就是从包装管的底端切出一个枕状包装体，因此，上述的底端是沿横向密封的。上述夹头在到达底部固定中心位置时便打开以避免与管件顶部互相干扰。同时，另一对以同样方式工作的夹头则从上部固定中心位置下移，并重复上述的夹持/组合、密封和切割操作。
在热封操作过程中分析包装件发现，夹持在相应的一对夹头之间的包装管的横截面内感应产生的涡流沿着一条在感应器与管件相互作用部分的纵向侧面也就是沿平行于第二方向的侧面上是线性的环形路线流动，上述环形路线在靠近横截面的边缘处大致为半圆形。换言之，电流沿感应器与管件相互作用部分的两个纵向侧面和靠近被夹持在夹头之间的横截面的边缘处，呈相反的方向流动，并偏向横截面的中心(“弯离效应”)，因此，端部的横向密封带比中心部分(也就是与最初形成以制成包装管的纵向密封带交叉的部分)要窄。但是，当包装含有小的固体颗粒的可灌注食品(例如含籽粒的西红柿酱)时，上述固体颗粒可能被捕集在两个相接触的包装薄片的未密封部分之间，故希望横向密封带后可能地宽，才能减小通过密封部分发生沟流的可能性。
为克服上述缺点，由本申请人提出的专利申请EP 0992431提出：包装管的每个横截面在密封之前进行切割。
正如上述欧洲专利所述，切割操作与密封操作的顺序颠倒，可使包装管横截面上感应产生的涡流的路线发生变化。就是说，由切割工具在包装管中形成的分割线隔断了薄铝板中电的连续性，因此，由感应棒在包装件中感应产生的涡流局限于上述分割线的相对两侧，换言之，由分割线之一侧的感应棒在包装管中感应产生的涡流倾向于分割线另一侧的感应棒，但由于包装管被切断，便迫使涡流在分割线的同一侧形成一个闭合线路。
因此，由于显著地减小了夹持在夹头之间的管的横截面边缘附近的涡流的“弯离效应”，故分割线两侧的密封面积是大致恒定的。
图6中的标号50总的示出普通夹头的一个实例，这种夹头可具体用于包装管的横截面在感应密封之前进行切割的包装机。
夹头50具有一个垂直于包装管运行方向对称的平面M，并包含两个感应元件51，52，该感应元件置于夹头50的相应面支座内，并通过相应的一对工作面53、54与包装件相互作用。
更具体地说，感应元件51是U形的，它具有大致为圆形的横截面，并在外部形成两个对称地位于平面M相对两侧的工作面53。感应元件52由横截面为U形并位于夹头50的中央的直杆构成，它具有两个位于平面M的相对两侧并位于工作面53之间的工作面54。
工作面53、54上都具有向着包装管凸起的连续或分段的纵长凸块。
业已发现，当使用密封夹头50时，包装管中感应产生的涡流沿着由切割工具切割的分割线之相对两侧上的大致对称的环形路线流动。更具体地说，在分割线的每一侧上，涡流沿每个工作面呈线性流动，并且在靠近包装管的边缘处偏离最小，这种偏离只影响到小部分的密封部位，故可忽略不计。
尽管颠倒切割和密封操作顺序比不颠倒的可获得更宽的横向密封带，但是，上述的夹头50仍存在几个小小的缺点使其许多的优点不能被充分利用。
具体地说，图7示出与夹头50相互作用的包装管横截面的铝层内的感应功率(实线)和温度(虚线)与离开平面M(也就是离开横截面的分割线)的距离的关系曲线。
图7曲线仅涉及由平面M将与夹头50相互作用的包装管横截面理想地分成两半部的一半的情况，应当明白，在横截面的另一半部中的功率和温度的关系曲线最好也是相对于平面M对称的。
如图7曲线所示，对于给定的密封夹头50的几何形状(具体地，感应元件51、52的工作面53、54的几何形状)，在铝层中感应的功率在平面M处达到峰值P1*，在每个工作面53处达到峰值P2*，在每个工作面54与邻近工作面53之间有一个最小值，更具体地说，峰值P2*比峰值P1*小得多。
沿包装管的铝层的温度分布是由感应元件51、52的工作面53、54的尺寸之比值决定的感应功率分布的直接结果。
更具体地说，若沿包装管运行方向移离平面M，也就说移离切割工具在横截面上所切出的分割线，在与夹头50相互作用的包装管横截面的铝层内的温度急剧降低(约降低40％)。
上述的温度分布在横向密封带的中央纵向部分引起热封塑料层的过热，致使夹持在夹头之间的熔融塑料倾向于流至密封带外面，从而损坏密封质量。
为了弥补涡流偏离区感应的低功率(如同综合图6和7可以推断的那样，这会引起包装管温度不够)，密封夹头50必须在涡流偏离区设置由磁通聚集材料例如含铁素体的复合材料制成的插入件，并且必须在夹头50上横向密封带与包装管上的纵向密封之间的交叉处设置类似的插入件。实际上，在上述交叉处，由于有3个材料部分重叠而使要密封的包装材料较厚，所以若无插入件，包装管内的热量不足部分的密封质量会远不能满足要求。
发明概述
本发明的目的是提供一种用于克服上述缺点的感应密封器。
按照本发明，提出一种按权利要求1所述的用于热封制造可灌注食品的密封包装体的包装材料制件的感应封口器。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种用于由包装件制造可灌注食品的密封包装体的包装机，该包装机与普通包装机相比，可改善包装件的横向密封。
按照本发明，提出一种按权利要求7所述的用于由包装管制造可灌注食品的密封包装体的包装机。
附图的简述
下面参看附图结合实例来说明本发明的非限制性的优选实施例，附图中：
图1示出一种用于由沿垂直方向供入的包装管制造可灌注食品的无菌密封包装体的包装机的侧视图(为清晰起见图中去掉一些部件)；
图2示出用于图1的包装机的切割器的放大侧视图；
图3示出按照本发明的构成图1的包装机之一部分的感应密封夹头的剖视图；
图4示出与图3所示密封夹头相互作用的包装管的铝层内的感应功率和温度与离开夹头的垂直于其组合路线的中央平面的距离的关系曲线；
图5示出图3的密封夹头的相当的电路图；
图6示出普通的感应密封夹头的剖视图；
图7示出与图6所示密封夹头相互作用的包装管的铝层内的感应功率和温度与离开夹头的垂直于其组合路线的中央平面的距离的关系曲线。
实施本发明的最佳模式
图1的标号1总的表示一种用于由包装管3制造可灌注食品如巴氏灭菌的或者说UHT(超高温处理的)牛奶、果汁、葡萄酒等的无菌密封包装体2的包装机。
上述包装管具有多层结构(未示出)，并包含一个纤维材料层(通常是纸)，其两侧面用相应的热封塑料例如聚乙烯层覆盖，包装管的最终与包装体2内的食品相接触的侧面也具有一层也由一层或多层热封塑料层覆盖的导电的隔离材料层例如铝层。
上述包装管3按普通方法在包装机1的进口前面将成卷的热封板料折叠和密封而制成，管内灌注要包装的无菌的或者说消毒处理过的食品，包装管3由普通装置(未示出)沿着箭头A规定的直立路线输入。
包装机1具有一对可沿各自的导轨(未示出)垂直移动的组合装置4，该装置4周期地依次地与装料管3相互作用以便在相等间隔的横截面上进行夹紧、感应热封和切割装料管3的操作。
每个组合装置4具有一个沿相应导轨运行的滑块(未示出)和两个夹头5、6(图中仅按清楚了解本发明的要求而示出)，该两夹头绕各自水平轴线铰接在上述滑块上，并可在关闭位置与完全开启位置之间移动。
在所示实施例中，每个封装装置4的夹头5、6具有相应的与包装管3相互作用的夹臂7、8，该夹臂7、8与垂直于方向A的方向B平行地伸出，并位于包装管3的相对两侧。
每个封装装置4还具有两个互相面对的铰接在相应夹头5、6上的调整板9、10，该调整板9、10可在开启位置与关闭位置上之间移动，它们是受一种弹力机构(未示出)的推压而进入开启位置的，当它们处于闭合位置时便互相配合而形成一个规定要在它们之间成形的包装体2的形状和体积的空间。
每个封装装置4还具有用于沿夹紧在相关夹头5、6之间的包装管3的每个横截面的中线分别进行感应热封和切割操作的感应封口器15和切割器16。
具体地参看图3，封口器15具有两对座落在通过普通紧固件与相关封装装置4的夹头5的夹臂7整体地相连接的支承体24上的相应的面支座内的感应元件20，21。另外，上述支承体24也可以与夹头5的夹臂7做成整体。
感应元件20、21最好串联在一起(图5)，并由普通的电源(未示出)供电。另外，感应元件20、21也可以并联，但此法设有串联的效果好，而且在感应元件20、21相隔距离短时，无法提供封口器15的最佳稳定性。
在所示的实施例中，电感元件20、21由相应的电感应棒件构成，所述的棒件沿方向B伸出，并成对安置在相关夹头5的支承体24的中央平面R(与方向A相垂直)的相对两侧。
更具体地说，感应元件20相以于平面R对称设置，并置于感应元件21之间，感应元件21也对称地安置于平面R的相对两侧。
感应元件20的横截面最好为正方形，而感应元件21的横截面最好为矩形。
感应元件20、21通过相应的最好是矩形的工作面25、26与包装管30相互作用，工作面25、26是沿方向B延伸的，并在垂直于平面R的同一平面内延伸，沿方向A有一宽度，沿方向B有一长度，相同的两个工作面25显然是沿方向A置于两个相同的工作面26之间，工作面26的长度与工作面25的相同。
如图3所示，沿方向B伸出的相应凸块28从工作面25向着包装管3凸出。上述凸块28可以是连续的或分段的，并大致沿相应工作面25的全长延伸，加热时，它可增大对包装管3的夹持压力。
在一个改型实施例(未示出)中，工作面26也具有相应的连续或分段的纵向凸块。
本发明的一个重要方面是，工作面25的宽度L1至少在工作面25、26的绝大部分长度(最好为80％)上大于或等于工作面26的宽度L2。
工作面25的宽度L1与工作面26的宽度L2之比值的有利范围为1～4，最好为2.25。
图4的曲线示出夹持在相关的一对夹头5，6之间的包装管3的横截面中的铝层内感应的功率(实线)和温度(虚线)与离开夹头5的中央平面R的距离(也就是离开横截面的中央切割线的距离)的关系。
图4曲线仅涉及将夹持在夹头5与6之间的包装管3的横截面理想地分成的两半部之一的情况，应当明白，在上述横截面的另一半的感应功率和温度曲线最好是相对于平面R对称的。
如图4的曲线所示，在工作面25上，铝层内感应的功率达到峰值P1，而在工作面26上，达到P2，并在每个工作面25与相邻的工作面2b之间出现最小值，更具体地说，感应元件21上的峰值P2比感应元件20上的峰值P1大得多。
温度曲线是由感应元件20、21的工作面25、26的尺寸比值所决定的感应功率分布的直接结果。
从图4可清楚看出，沿方向A离开平面R，夹持在夹头5和6之间的包装管3的横截面的铝层内的温度向着夹头5的外圆周稍稍降低(曲线的线性部分T1)，然后越过夹头5急剧降低(弯曲部分)，此处的包装材料不需要热封。更具体地说，沿线性部分T1，温度降低约15～20％。所以，沿管3的待热封的横截面的全长上热量是较为均匀或者说不大均匀地分布的。
在一个优选实施例中，支承体24由铝基材料制成，其内部配入两个由磁通聚集材料(在所示实施例中为含铁素体的复合材料)制成的并置于感应元件20、21与支承体24的相应部分之间的插入件30。
封口器15还具有两个由耐热弹性材料(最好是腈橡胶)制成的压力垫31(见图1)，该压力垫31座落在每个封装装置4的夹头6内形成的形状匹配的相应的面凹穴内，并且对称地位于中央平面R的相对两侧。
参看图1和2，切割器16具有一个大致平坦的切割工具32，该切割工具32以滑动的方式置于每个封装装置4之夹头6上的面支座内。并可沿平面R移动，它由装入夹头6的液压气缸(未示出)从普通方式致动。
上述切割工具32通常由普通的弹性机构(未示出)保持在一个完全置于相应的夹头6内部的缩回停靠位置上，当它由相应的液压气缸移至向前的切割位置时，它便从相应的夹头6向前伸出，并与相应的夹头5内的空穴33相接合，而沿管3的相关横截面的中线切割包装管3。
切割工具32具有一个与液压气缸的引出件做成一体的板状本体部分34和一个沿方向A比本体部分34薄的切刀35，用于保证切割作业时有高的压力，并防止包装件的损坏，更具体地说，切刀35通过一个截面朝本体部分34增大并由凹入外表面38限定的部分36与本体部分34相连接，切刀35的另一端则有刀尖37。
上述的封口器15尤其适用于包装管3的横截面在感应热封之前进行切割的包装机。
更具体地说，正如通过图4与图7的比较所示的那样，适合于感应元件20、21的工作面25，26的新的尺寸比值提供了沿夹持在夹头5与6之间的包装管3的整个横截面的更均匀的热量分布。因而改善了热封质量，尤其是消除了由于局部过热而从热封带“挤压”出的熔融热封塑料的有害影响。
另外，沿管3的要密封的横截面的感应功率分布的变化，尤其是在夹头5的最外边的感应元件21的感应功率增大，就可以不需要在涡流弯离区和包装管3的横向密封带与纵向密封之间设置磁通聚集材料制的插入件，因此，一台封口器15可用于不同宽度的包装管3、以制成类型不同而容体相同的包装体。
显然，上面所述的和所示出的实施例可以进行变更，但是，不得脱离所附权利要求书所限定的本发明的范围。

Claims (9)

1.一种热封用于制造可灌注食品的密封包装体的并沿第一方向供给的热封包装件的感应封口器(15)，该封口器(15)具有可通过一对第一工作面(26)和一对沿上述第一方向(A)置入上述一对第一工作面(26)之间的第二工作面(25)与上述包装件相互作用的感应元气(20、21)，每个上述的第一和第二工作面(26，25)沿上述第一方向(A)有一定的宽度，沿垂直于上述第一方向(A)的第二方向(B)有一定的长度，
其特征在于，上述第二工作面(25)的宽度(L1)至少沿第一和第二工作面(26，25)的大部分长度上大于上述第一工作面(26)的宽度(L2)。
2.根据权利要求1的封口器，其特征在于，上述第二工作面(25)的宽度(L1)与上述第一工作面(26)的宽度(L2)之间的比值为1～4。
3.根据权利要求2的封口器，其特征在于，上述第二工作面(25)的宽度(L1)与上述第一工作面(26)的宽度(L2)之比值为2.25。
4.根据上述权利要求中任一项的封口器，其特征在于至少在上述第二工作面(25)上具有向上述包装件凸起的相应凸块(28)。
5.根据上述权利要求中任一项的封口器，其特征在于，它具有一个用于安装上述感应元件(20，21)的支承体(24)，该支承体(24)由一种铝基材料制成，在其内部具有一层置于上述感应元件(20、21)与上述支承体(24)之间的磁通聚集材料层。
6.根据上述权利要求中任一项的封口器，其特征在于，上述的感应元件包括两对分别限定上述的第一和第二工作面(26、25)并且彼此串联的导电部分(20、21)。
7.一种用于由沿第一方向(A)输入并被连接灌注食品的包装管(3)制造的可灌注食品的密封包装体(2)的包装机(1)，该包装机(1)具有：至少两对周期地和依次地对上述管(3)作用的夹头(5，6)，以在等间隔的横截面上夹紧包装管(3)；和一个由每对上述夹头(5，6)支承并用于在上述横截面上热封上述包装件的感应封口器(15)，其特征在于，上述的封口器(15)是上述权利要求中任一项所规定的封口器。
8.根据权利要求7的包装机，其特征在于，它还具有由每对上述夹头(5、6)支承的切割器(16)以便沿垂直于上述第一方向(A)的第二方向(B)切割上述包装管(3)的上述横截面，上述切割器(16)具有至少一个带有本体部分(34)的切割工具(32)和一个从上述本体部分(34)伸出并且沿上述第一方向(A)比上述本体部分(34)较薄的切刀(35)。
9.根据权利要求8的包装机，其特征在于，上述的切刀(15)通过一个截面向上述本体部分(34)增大并由外凹入表面(38)界定的部分(36)与上述本体部分(34)相连接。
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