CN1115284C - 用以从一包装材料管连续生产密封包装的包装装置 - Google Patents

用以从一包装材料管连续生产密封包装的包装装置 Download PDF

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CN1115284C
CN1115284C CN98115128A CN98115128A CN1115284C CN 1115284 C CN1115284 C CN 1115284C CN 98115128 A CN98115128 A CN 98115128A CN 98115128 A CN98115128 A CN 98115128A CN 1115284 C CN1115284 C CN 1115284C
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envelope
envelope pincers
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CN1203876A (zh
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L·汉松
F·顿格
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Tetra Laval Holdings and Finance SA
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B29C66/431Joining the articles to themselves
    • B29C66/4312Joining the articles to themselves for making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles, e.g. transversal seams
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B29C66/7232General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer
    • B29C66/72321General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer consisting of metals or their alloys
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B29C66/7232General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer
    • B29C66/72327General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer consisting of natural products or their composites, not provided for in B29C66/72321 - B29C66/72324
    • B29C66/72328Paper
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B29C66/7234General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a barrier layer
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81427General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single ridge, e.g. for making a weakening line; comprising a single tooth
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/82Pressure application arrangements, e.g. transmission or actuating mechanisms for joining tools or clamps
    • B29C66/822Transmission mechanisms
    • B29C66/8225Crank mechanisms
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/82Pressure application arrangements, e.g. transmission or actuating mechanisms for joining tools or clamps
    • B29C66/822Transmission mechanisms
    • B29C66/8226Cam mechanisms; Wedges; Eccentric mechanisms
    • B29C66/82263Follower pin or roller cooperating with a groove
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/834General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools moving with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/8351Jaws mounted on rollers, cylinders, drums, bands, belts or chains; Flying jaws
    • B29C66/83531Jaws mounted on rollers, cylinders, drums, bands, belts or chains; Flying jaws jaws mounted on chains
    • B29C66/83533Cooperating jaws mounted on cooperating chains and moving in a closed path
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/84Specific machine types or machines suitable for specific applications
    • B29C66/849Packaging machines
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65BMACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B51/00Devices for, or methods of, sealing or securing package folds or closures; Devices for gathering or twisting wrappers, or necks of bags
    • B65B51/10Applying or generating heat or pressure or combinations thereof
    • B65B51/26Devices specially adapted for producing transverse or longitudinal seams in webs or tubes
    • B65B51/30Devices, e.g. jaws, for applying pressure and heat, e.g. for subdividing filled tubes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29LINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/712Containers; Packaging elements or accessories, Packages
    • B29L2031/7162Boxes, cartons, cases
    • B29L2031/7166Cartons of the fruit juice or milk type, i.e. containers of polygonal cross sections formed by folding blanks into a tubular body with end-closing or contents-supporting elements, e.g. gable type containers

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Containers And Plastic Fillers For Packaging (AREA)
  • Package Closures (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Auxiliary Devices For And Details Of Packaging Control (AREA)

Abstract

一种用以从包装材料管(14)连续生产无菌密封包装(2)的包装装置(1),该装置(1)具有一第一和第二链式输送机(10,11),两者各自带有一组封钳(12)和一组反向封钳(13),它们相互作用夹住管(14)以便通过封钳(12)上的感应加热装置(29)在连续的横向部分处热封管(14),封钳(12)和反向封钳(13)由凸轮对(50,51)沿相应工作路径导向,凸轮对具有不同的轮廓以控制封钳(12)和反向封钳(13)与包装材料管(14)的相互作用。

Description

用以从一包装材料管连续生产 密封包装的包装装置
本发明涉及一种包装装置,用以从一包装材料管连续生产无菌密封包装,该包装内含有可灌装的食品。
更具体说,根据本发明的包装装置是用以生产大致为平行六面体形状的无菌密封包装。
许多可灌装食品,例如果汁,巴氏灭菌或UHT(超高温处理)牛奶,酒,蕃茄酱等,是在由消毒包装材料制成的包装袋中销售的。
这样一种包装的一个典型例子是以Tetra Brik Aseptic(注册商标)的名字公知平行六面体形包装容器,用于液体或可灌装食品,该包装容器是通过折叠和密封一成卷带状包装材料而形成的。成卷包装材料包括数层纤维材料,例如纸,其两侧覆盖有聚乙烯之类的热塑材料;并且在包装中最终接触食品的包装材料一侧还包括一层例如铝箔之类的阻挡层,其上也覆盖有一层热塑材料。
众所周知,上述类型的包装袋是在全自动包装机中生产的,在此包装机中,以带状形式供给的包装材料被成形为一连续的管。带状包装材料在包装机上消毒,例如通过涂覆过氧化氢之类的化学消毒剂;在消毒之后,从包装材料的表面上例如通过加热蒸发除去消毒剂;并且如此消毒过的带状包装材料被保持在封闭的无菌环境中,并被纵向折叠和密封而形成一个管。
该管被充填进消毒的或消毒处理后的食品,并在等距隔开的横向部分上密封,然后在该横向部分处将其切割成枕形包裹,最后将它们机械地折叠成平行六面体包装袋。
上述类型的包装机是公知的,其中管的横向部分由两个被相应的臂所移动的封钳装置密封,从而在连续的横向部分处有间隔地夹住管以便密封。各封钳中的一个封钳包括一个感应加热装置,用以当封钳装置夹住管时局部熔化热塑材料,从而焊接热塑材料表层,进而密封管的一个横向部分。
每个封钳装置完成一个较复杂的操作循环,其中在包装机的一个上部工位使相应封钳与管接触;牢固夹住该管的封钳装置与该管一起沿着该管的进给轴线被下降,以便密封该横向部分,然后在包装机的一个下部工位被打开。第二个封钳装置也完成相同的循环,但相差一个与包装机生产速度对应的时间间隔,这样在由一个封钳装置形成的第一密封和由另一封钳装置随后形成的第二密封之间延伸的管的一部分就形成各包装。
尽管已广泛使用并相当可靠,但上述类型的已知机器的生产速度受到限制,这是因为所涉及的大质量零件(臂,封钳和相应的致动器)的周期性往复运动,其惯性将生产速度限制在几千次循环/每小时,超过该限制,就会遇到动力学问题,而损害机器的运作。
为了提高这类机器的生产速度,提出了连续的包装装置,它包括两个链式输送机,该链式输送机限定了相应的循环路径并分别装有一组封钳和反向封钳。这两个路径包括相对且相互平行的分支路径,并在两者之间进给包装材料管;并且一个输送机上的封钳沿着相应路径的所述分支路径与另一输送机上的相应反向封钳配合,以便在一组顺序的横向部分处夹住管并密封该包装袋。连续的链式输送机系统在某种程度上克服了动力学问题,并提高了往复式系统所不能达到的最大生产速度。
这类机器在多份现有专利中都有描述,例如US-Re33467和US-A-5001891,并经过了一定时间的试验。
然而,就申请人所知,由于已知链式输送机构仍未能实现一种可靠的生产过程以确保绝对不损害包装及保护被包装物的无菌特性,所以这种机器仍未能令人满意地投入实际应用。
上述缺陷主要是因为不可能控制封钳和反向封钳的运动,特别是在封钳和反向封钳与包装材料管接触的时刻。
本发明的目的是提供一种包装装置,用以连续地生产包含可灌装食品的无菌密封包装,它可克服上述与已知机器相关的缺陷。
根据本发明,提供了一种用以由一热封包装材料制造的管,连续生产无菌密封包装的包装装置,其中包装包含一种可灌装的食品,热封材料则呈片材的形式并沿一垂直的供给路径进给;所述管被充填进所述食品;并且所述装置包括:
一第一链式输送机,带有一组封钳,并限定了一循环的第一路径,所述封钳沿该路径运行;
一第二链式输送机,带有一组反向封钳,并限定了一循环的第二路径,所述反向封钳沿该路径运行;
所述第一和所述第二路径包括靠近包装材料管的所述供给路径的各自工作部分,并在所述供给路径的相对侧面上对称地延伸,这样,沿着各自的所述工作部分的至少一部分,所述第一输送机的所述封钳与所述第二输送机的所述相应反向封钳配合,以便在等距隔开的横向部分处夹住所述管;
至少所述封钳包括用以热封所述管的加热装置;
所述装置沿着所述各自的工作部分,还包括用以为所述封钳导向的第一凸轮导向装置,和用以为所述反向封钳导向的第二凸轮导向装置;并且所述封钳和所述反向封钳包括与所述相应的第一和第二凸轮导向装置配合的凸轮从动装置;
其特征在于所述第一和第二凸轮导向装置包括至少一对沿所述相应工作部分的至少一部分具有不同轮廓的凸轮;所述凸轮从动装置包括用于各所述封钳和反向封钳的至少一对凸轮从动件,它们各自与所述对中的相应凸轮配合。
采用具有适当组合轮廓的两个不同凸轮,可精确控制封钳和反向封钳的运动,并达到与包装材料最佳的相互作用,这样就可防止可损坏包装材料的过度压力或动态应力。
更具体地说,采用两个凸轮在限定轨迹方面有更大的自由度,并使封钳和反向封钳的速度和加速度最佳化,而采用仅一个凸轮是不可能作到的,此外还可补偿“多边形效应”,即与链式驱动相关的不规则运动。
而且,即使在链条较松驰的情况下,封钳和反向封钳的规则运动也能保证在凸轮和相应的凸轮从动件之间保持接触。
根据本发明的一个最佳实施例,各封钳和反向封钳包括两对凸轮从动件,位于封钳的相对的端部附近并与相应凸轮对配合。
下面将参照附图以举例的方式描述本发明的一个非限定最佳实施例,附图中:
图1是根据本发明教导的包装装置的一个透视图,为清楚起见移走了一些零件;
图2是图1所示装置的机架的透视图;
图3是图1所示装置的示意性侧视图,为清楚起见移走了部分零件;
图4和5是从相对的侧面所见的透视图,示出了图1所示装置的一个封钳和相应的反向封钳;
图6至10是图1所示装置的示意性侧视图,其中封钳和相应的反向封钳处在顺序的操作位置,图中为清楚起见移走了某些零件。
图11是图4和5所示封钳和反向封钳的互补部分的透视图。
参照图1至3,数字1表示一个由连续的管状包装材料14生产无菌密封包装2(图3)的包装装置,所述管状包装材料14内包含巴氏灭菌或UHT牛奶、果汁、酒等之类的可灌装食品。
管14是在包装装置1的上游以已知方式通过沿纵向折叠和密封条状热封材料形成的,并在上游充填进经消毒或经消毒处理的待包装食品。
装置1包括一个由两个侧壁4、5和两个平行的横向壁6、7限定的机架3(图2),横向壁6、7刚性地装配在侧壁4、5之间并与侧壁4、5一起限定了一个开口8;和两个链式输送机10、11,该两个链式输送机安装在机架3上并分别包括相互配合的封钳12(图1中仅示出一个)和反向封钳13(图1中仅示出一个),以便与沿垂直路径A穿过开口8送入的包装材料管14相互作用。
输送机10和11限定了相应的循环路径P和Q,封钳12和反向封钳13沿路径P和Q运行(图3),并且循环路径P和Q分别绕机架3的壁6和7延伸。
输送机10包括一个沿路径P延伸的铰接链条15;和两个在路径P的底端在链条15的两侧上啮合的驱动轮16。封钳12是链条15的一体部分并构成了链条15的间隔的链节,并且封钳12由成对的链节17以铰接的方式相互连接。
更具体地,每个封钳12(图4和5)包括一个细长的主体20,它沿垂直于路径A并平行于壁6的方向延伸,并具有相应的端部凸起21和22,每个端部凸起都带有一个凸出的第一销和第二销23,24,两者相互隔开并具有与主体20的主尺寸平行的相应轴线25,26。链节17与封钳12的销23,24铰接,从而将一个封钳12的销23连接于相邻封钳的销24。
类似地,输送机11包括一个沿路径Q延伸的铰接链条27;并且两个驱动轮28在路径Q的底端与链条27啮合。链条27由一组相互以铰接方式连接的反向封钳13构成,并且下文中将仅详细描述它们与封钳12不同之处,且对于类似于或相应于结合封钳12所描述的零件,将采用相同的编号。简言之,每个反向封钳13包括一个带有成对端部销23,24的主体20,链节17绕端部销23,24铰接以便连接相邻的反向封钳13。
每个封钳12包括一个沿垂直于管14的路径A的方向安装在主体20上的感应加热元件29,该感应加热元件然后包括一对直且平行的有源表面30,并由一对接触刷34供给电源,在使用该中接触刷与一供电杆(未示出)配合,该供电杆安装在机架3上并在开口8内部的路径P的区域内延伸。
与一加热元件29相对,每个反向封钳13包括一个压力杆35(图5),该压力杆35与相应封钳12的加热元件29配合而夹住管14的一横向部分(图3)。在于使用中而对相应封钳12的前表面46上,压力杆35包括两个由较具柔性的弹性材料制成的带36,带36在与加热元件29的有源表面30相对的位置上与包装材料配合。压力杆35通过两个支承组件47(不属本发明的部分,故不作详细描述)连接在主体20上,该支承组件沿着在使用中反向封钳13和相应封钳12之间交换的夹紧压力的方向弯曲。
封钳12和反向封钳13各包括一个相应的控制装置37,用以在包装2形成时控制它的体积。各控制装置37(不构成本发明的部分,故不详细描述)大致包括一个半壳38,它由两个与半壳38成一体的侧支承架40绕一平行于轴线25,26的轴线39铰接在主体20上,该半壳38面对面地与一互补的半壳配合,以便形成一个在包装2形成时容纳包装2的大致为平行六面体的空腔。各控制装置37还包括一个空转地安装在支架43上的凸轮从动滚子42,该支架43从相应半壳38的后部一体地延伸。
封钳12和反向封钳13的凸轮从动件42与安装在机架3的壁6和7上的相应凸轮44配合,在图1中仅示出了一个与输送机11相关的凸轮。
根据本发明,封钳12和反向封钳13的运动由相应的凸轮对50,51控制,该凸轮对50,51安装在机架3的壁6、7上并与安装在封钳12和反向封钳13上的相应滚子对52、53配合。
更具体说,如图4和5所示,封钳12和反向封钳13各包括可空转地安装在主体20的端部凸起21内的第一对滚子52、53,和可空转地安装在主体20的端部凸起22内的第二对滚子52,53;并且凸起21,22各包括一对平行且并列的座54,55,该座加工在后侧上(即背离加热元件29或压力杆35的侧面)并沿垂直于销23,24的轴线25,26且平行于由轴线25,26限定的平面π的方向延伸。
各对中的滚子53容纳于相应的外座54内(即靠近主体20的端部)并安装在相应的销23上;各对中的滚子52容纳于相应的内座55内并安装在相应的销24上。
壁6(图2)上设置有两对凸轮50、51,封钳12的相应滚子对52、53以滚动方式与之配合。并且类似地,壁7上设置有两对凸轮50,51,反向封钳13的相应滚子对52,53以滚动方式与之配合。
凸轮50,51包括绕相应的壁6,7的顶边缘延伸的大至呈U形的部分50a,51a,以便为输送机10,11的相应链条15,27限定一个与相应驱动轮16和28相对的过渡区;和在开口8内沿相应的壁6、7垂直延伸的相应部分50b和51b。部分50a,51a(图3)限定了路径部分P1,Q1,沿此路径部分封钳12和反向封钳13相互接近并与包装材料管14接触;部分50b,51b限定了面对面的平行路径部分P2,Q2,沿此路径部分封钳12和反向封钳13保持压力接触,以形成限定包装2的密封。
凸轮50,51在相应的驱动轮16,28的下游在路径P和Q的相应部分P3和Q3处释放相应链条15,27。
沿部分P3,Q3,链条15,27与相应的成对张紧器56配合,以便如此张紧链条,确保封钳12和反向封钳13的滚子52,53保持与相应凸轮50,51接触。
各张紧器56包括一个绕水平轴线铰接在支承58上的可动导板57,支承58固定在壁6或7上;和一个介在导板57和壁6或7之间的弹簧59。在背离壁6或7的表面上,导板57包括两个并列的滚动轨道60、61,两者借助于弹簧59分别与封钳12或反向封钳13的滚子52和53配合。
如此设计凸轮50,51的轮廓,以限定一组图6至10所示的并将在后面详细描述的特征位置,在所述位置中一个封钳/反向封钳对与管14相互作用,并确保所述位置之间的尽可能平稳的过渡,以便防止包装材料上不希望有的应力。
最后,反管封钳13和封钳12包括相应的相互啮合件64和65,如图11所详细示出的。
啮合件64大致包括一个安装在相应反向封钳13的凸起22的前表面上的连接板77;和一个由垂直部分67和一个横向部分69限定的十字形凸起66,所述垂直部分67大致呈等腰梯形,其较长边缘与板77的表面重合并具有一斜削的前边缘68,而横向部分69则在中心线处与垂直部分67相交。
啮合件65同样包括一个安装在相应封钳12的凸起21的前表面上连接板70;和一对垂直的大致呈不规则四边形的凸起73,它们相互平行并隔开以便限定一个座74,用以在使用时容纳相应啮合件64的部分67。在相应的前侧,凸起73包括相应的凹槽75,用以容纳相应啮合件64的部分69,并从整体上与座74一起限定了一个大致与啮合件64的凸起66互补的十字形座76。
装置1的操作如下。
如图3中的箭头所示,使输送机10和11以已知的方式沿相反的方向转动,这样从相应路径P、Q的部分P1,Q1的端点并沿相应的部分P2,Q2,相应的封钳12和反向封钳13根据凸轮50,51的轮廓所限定运动与包装材料管14啮合。
更具体说,图6示出了包装材料接触位置,即一对封钳12/反向封钳13开始与管14相互作用的位置。随着封钳12和相应的反向封钳13到达部分50a、51a的相应端部T(即相应路径P,Q的部分P1,Q1的起点),接触位置开始建立,并且该接触位置的特征在于一个预定的管14接触角度α,该角度位于由轴线25,26限定的平面π和包含管14的路径A的装置1的垂直中间平面之间,并且该角度的范围在0-60°之间,一般在20-30°之间,最好是约25°。
凸轮50,51的位置T如此形成,即封钳12和反向封钳13沿一大致曲线的轨迹进入一啮合位置(图7),在该啮合位置它们相对而置并相互平行,但隔开一个大致等于包装材料两倍厚度的距离,这样管14在一相应的横向部分处被“展平”,但仍未承受压力。
只有在封钳12和反向封钳13移动进入上述啮合位置之后,才从紧靠相应部分50b、51b的上游处由凸轮50、51所形成的轻度斜面S逐渐施加压力。
图8和9分别示出了在最大压力阶段的起点和终点处的封钳12和反向封钳13,在该阶段中,加热元件29由该接触刷34供电并局部地熔化包装材料的热塑表层。在最大压力阶段结束之前,切断向加热元件29的供电,这样,热塑表层开始冷却和同化而形成密封,同时仍处在压力之下,这样确保包装的完善密封。
在最大压力阶段结束之时,封钳12和反向封钳13略微分开,形成一短暂的压力释放阶段,在此阶段(图10),封钳12和反向封钳13几乎保持相互平行,以避免在包装材料上产生不正常应力。
一旦离开凸轮的相应部分50b,51b(此时在封钳12和反向封钳13之间不再有任何力的交换),通过与销23,24啮合的驱动轮,封钳12和反向封钳13就离开包装材料。
沿着路径P,Q的部分P2,Q2,各封钳12和相应的反向封钳13通过相应啮合件65和64的啮合而在侧向上及沿运行方向相互锁定在一起。
上述操作过程形成了一系列由连接带88相互连接在一起的连续包装2,该连接带在随后的2位89上的切割,而这不属本发明的范围,故这里不作描述。
从上面的描述中可以明显看出根据本发明的装置1的优点。
用凸轮对50,51更好地控制封钳12和反向封钳13的运动,能使封钳12和反向封钳13与包装材料的相互作用达到最佳,这样可防止损害包装材料并确保正确的密封,这两个因素都决定了包装的良好无菌性质及包装的完善成形。
由于封钳12和反向封钳13被稳定导向,并且不存在由多边形效应所引起的不规则运动,即使在链条松驰的情况下滚子52,53也能保持与相应凸轮50,51接触,这样就减小了所涉及的负荷,单可相应决定该装置的各部件尺寸,而减小所涉及的运动质量。
很清楚,如上所述在不超出权利要求书范围的情况下,可对装置1作出多种改变。

Claims (11)

1.一种用以由一热封包装材料制造的管(14),连续生产无菌密封包装(2)的包装装置(1),其中包装(2)包含一种可灌装的食品,热封材料则呈片材的形式并沿一垂直的供给路径(A)进给;所述管(14)被充填进所述食品;并且所述装置包括:
一第一链式输送机(10),带有一组封钳(12),并限定了一循环的第一路径(P),所述封钳(12)沿该路径运行;
一第二链式输送机(11),带有一组反向封钳(13),并限定了一循环的第二路径(Q),所述反向封钳(13)沿该路径运行;
所述第一和所述第二路径(P,Q)包括靠近包装材料管(14)的所述供给路径(A)的各自工作部分(P1,P2;Q1,Q2),并在所述供给路径(A)的相对侧面上对称地延伸,这样,沿着各自的所述工作部分(P1,P2;Q1,Q2)的至少一部分,所述第一输送机(10)的所述封钳(12)与所述第二输送机(11)的所述相应反向封钳(13)配合,以便在等距隔开的横向部分处夹住所述管(14);
至少所述封钳(12)包括用以热封所述管(14)的加热装置(29);
所述装置(1)沿着所述各自的工作部分(P1,P2;Q1,Q2),还包括用以为所述封钳(12)导向的第一凸轮导向装置(50,51),和用以为所述反向封钳(13)导向的第二凸轮导向装置(50,51);并且所述封钳(12)和所述反向封钳(13)包括与所述相应的第一和第二凸轮导向装置(50,51)配合的凸轮从动装置(52,53);
其特征在于所述第一和第二凸轮导向装置包括至少一对沿所述相应工作部分(P1,P2;Q1,Q2)的至少一部分具有不同轮廓的凸轮(50,51);所述凸轮从动装置包括用于各所述封钳(12)和反向封钳(13)的至少一对凸轮从动件(52,53),它们各自与所述凸轮对(50,51)中的相应凸轮(50;51)配合。
2.如权利要求1所述的装置,其特征在于所述封钳(12)和反向封钳(13)各包括两对凸轮从动件(52,53),位于封钳(12)或反向封钳(13)的相对的端部(22,21)附近;所述第一和第二凸轮导向装置(50,51)包括两对相应的凸轮(50,51),与相应的凸轮从动件对(52,53)配合。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的装置,其特征在于所述凸轮从动件包括滚子(52,53),它们可空转地安装在所述封钳(12)和反向封钳(13)上并以滚动的方式与相应的所述凸轮(50,51)配合。
4.如上述权利要求之一所述的装置,其特征在于所述链式输送机(10,11)包括各自的链条(15,27),所述封钳(12)和反向封钳(13)分别限定了链条的间隔的链节,它们由中间杆(17)以铰接方式相互连接;以及各自的驱动轮(16、28),所述驱动轮沿所述相应路径(P,Q)的底部与所述链条(15,27)啮合。
5.如权利要求4所述的装置,其特征在于所述凸轮(50,51)分别包括与所述各自的驱动轮(16,28)相对的曲线轮廓上部(50a,51a),它们为所述链条(15,27)限定了相应的过渡区并沿着一接近和接触路径部分(P1,Q1)分别与所述封钳(12)和所述反向封钳(13)配合,沿着所述接近和接触路径(P1,Q1)所述封钳(12)和反向封钳(13)接近并接触所述包装材料管(14);所述凸轮(50,51)还分别包括大致垂直的部分(50b,51b),它们限定了所述相应路径(P,Q)的面对面的平行部分(P2,Q2),沿着所述部分(P2,Q2)所述封钳(12)和反向封钳(13)保持与包装材料压力接触,以形成限定所述包装(2)的密封。
6.如权利要求5所述的装置,其特征在于所述凸轮的所述曲线轮廓顶部(50a,51a)各包括限定了一个接触位置的端部(T),在此位置所述封钳(12)和反向封钳(13)接触所述包装材料管(14),并且在此位置所述封钳(12)和反向封钳(13)相对于垂直线倾斜范围在0-60°内的一个角度(α)。
7.如权利要求6所述的装置,其中所述角度(α)大约等于25°。
8.如权利要求6或7所述的装置,其特征在于所述凸轮(50,51)的所述曲线轮廓上部(50a,51a)的所述端部(T)形定了一个大致曲线轨迹,沿着该轨迹所述封钳(12)和反向封钳(13)在所述接触位置和一个啮合位置之间进给,在此啮合位置各所述封钳(12)和一相应的反向封钳(13)相对而置并相互平行,但隔开一个大致等于包装材料的两倍厚度的距离。
9.如权利要求8所述的装置,其特征在于所述曲线轮廓上部(50a,51a)的所述端部(T)各包括紧靠所述路径(P,Q)的所述相对且平行部分(P2,Q2)上游处的斜面(S)。
10.如上述权利要求之一所述的装置,其特征在于所述封钳(12)和反向封钳(13)分别包括第一和第二相应啮合件(65,64),它们至少沿所述路径(P,Q)的所述相对且平行的部分(P2,Q2)相互配合,以相互锚定所述封钳(12)和相应的所述反向封钳。
11.如权利要求10所述的装置,其特征在于所述相互啮合件(64,65)之一(64)包括一个大致为十字形的凸起(66),所述啮合件(64,65)中的另一啮合件(65)包括一个在形状上与所述凸起(66)互补的座(76)。
CN98115128A 1997-06-27 1998-06-26 用以从一包装材料管连续生产密封包装的包装装置 Expired - Fee Related CN1115284C (zh)

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EP97830312A EP0887263B1 (en) 1997-06-27 1997-06-27 Packaging unit for continuously producing sealed packages, containing pourable food products, from a tube of packaging material
EP97830312.1 1997-06-27

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RU2138428C1 (ru) 1999-09-27
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ATE282551T1 (de) 2004-12-15
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EP0887263A1 (en) 1998-12-30
CN1203876A (zh) 1999-01-06
BR9802277A (pt) 1999-10-13
ES2231851T3 (es) 2005-05-16
HK1017648A1 (en) 1999-11-26
JP4121621B2 (ja) 2008-07-23
EP0887263B1 (en) 2004-11-17
HU218989B (hu) 2001-01-29
AR013143A1 (es) 2000-12-13
DE69731618T2 (de) 2005-12-01
HUP9801469A2 (hu) 1999-06-28
US6035615A (en) 2000-03-14
HUP9801469A3 (en) 2000-02-28
TW386972B (en) 2000-04-11
DE69731618D1 (de) 2004-12-23

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