CN1131816C - 用以生产密封包装的包装装置以及监测其密封操作的方法 - Google Patents
用以生产密封包装的包装装置以及监测其密封操作的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
- B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
- B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
- B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
- B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
- B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
- B29C66/431—Joining the articles to themselves
- B29C66/4312—Joining the articles to themselves for making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles, e.g. transversal seams
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
- B29C66/7232—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer
- B29C66/72321—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer consisting of metals or their alloys
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
- B29C66/7232—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer
- B29C66/72327—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer consisting of natural products or their composites, not provided for in B29C66/72321 - B29C66/72324
- B29C66/72328—Paper
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
- B29C66/7234—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a barrier layer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
- B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
- B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
- B29C66/81427—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single ridge, e.g. for making a weakening line; comprising a single tooth
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
- B29C66/816—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the mounting of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
- B29C66/8161—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the mounting of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps said pressing elements being supported or backed-up by springs or by resilient material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
- B29C66/816—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the mounting of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
- B29C66/8161—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the mounting of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps said pressing elements being supported or backed-up by springs or by resilient material
- B29C66/81611—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the mounting of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps said pressing elements being supported or backed-up by springs or by resilient material by resilient material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/82—Pressure application arrangements, e.g. transmission or actuating mechanisms for joining tools or clamps
- B29C66/822—Transmission mechanisms
- B29C66/8226—Cam mechanisms; Wedges; Eccentric mechanisms
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
- B29C66/834—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools moving with the parts to be joined
- B29C66/8351—Jaws mounted on rollers, cylinders, drums, bands, belts or chains; Flying jaws
- B29C66/83531—Jaws mounted on rollers, cylinders, drums, bands, belts or chains; Flying jaws jaws mounted on chains
- B29C66/83533—Cooperating jaws mounted on cooperating chains and moving in a closed path
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/84—Specific machine types or machines suitable for specific applications
- B29C66/849—Packaging machines
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
- B65B51/00—Devices for, or methods of, sealing or securing package folds or closures; Devices for gathering or twisting wrappers, or necks of bags
- B65B51/10—Applying or generating heat or pressure or combinations thereof
- B65B51/26—Devices specially adapted for producing transverse or longitudinal seams in webs or tubes
- B65B51/30—Devices, e.g. jaws, for applying pressure and heat, e.g. for subdividing filled tubes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/912—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/9121—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature
- B29C66/91231—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature of the joining tool
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
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- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/712—Containers; Packaging elements or accessories, Packages
- B29L2031/7162—Boxes, cartons, cases
- B29L2031/7166—Cartons of the fruit juice or milk type, i.e. containers of polygonal cross sections formed by folding blanks into a tubular body with end-closing or contents-supporting elements, e.g. gable type containers
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Abstract
一种连续生产密封包装的包装装置,带有第一和第二链式输送机,两者分别设有一组第一和第二封钳,它们夹住管并在等距隔开之处完成对管的密封操作。该装置还具有监测密封操作的监测装置,并具有至少一个与各第二封钳配合的固定传感器,以产生一个监测信号,该信号涉及与第二封钳相关的一参数的操作值,和一比较电路,用以将操作值与至少一个预定参考值比较,在操作值与参考值存在一预定关系的情况下产生一个表示第二封钳误动作的故障信号。
Description
本发明涉及一种包装装置,用以从一包装材料管连续生产无菌密封包装,该包装内含有可灌装的食品。
许多可灌装食品,例如果汁,巴氏灭菌或UHT(超高温处理)牛奶,酒,蕃茄酱等,是在由消毒包装材料制成的包装袋中销售的。
这样一种包装的一个典型例子是以Tetra Brik Aseptic(注册商标)的名字公知的平行六面形包装容器,用于液体或可灌装食品,该包装容器是通过折叠和密封成卷带状包装材料而形成的。成卷包装材料包括数层纤维材料,例如纸,其两侧覆盖有聚乙烯之类的热塑材料;并且在包装中最终接触食品的包装材料一侧还包括一层例如铝箔之类的阻挡层,其上也覆盖有一层热塑材料。
众所周知,上述类型的包装袋是在全自动包装机中生产的,在此包装机中,以带状形式供给的包装材料被成形为一连续的管。带状包装材料在包装机上消毒,例如通过涂覆过氧化氢之类的化学消毒剂;在消毒之后,从包装材料的表面上例如通过加热蒸发除去消毒剂;并且如此消毒过的带状包装材料被保持在封闭的无菌环境中,并被纵向折叠和密封而形成一个管。
该管被充填进消毒的或消毒处理后的食品,并在等距隔开的横向部分上密封,然后在该横向部分处将其切割成枕形包裹,最后将它们机械地折叠成平行六面体包装袋。
上述类型的连续包装装置是已知的(例如US-Re 33,467中所描述的),包括两个链式输送机,该链式输送机限定了相应的循环路径并分别装有一组封钳和反向封钳。这两个路径包括相对的且相互平行的分支路径,并在两者之间进给包装材料管;并且一个输送机上的封钳沿着相应路径的所述分支路径与另一输送机上的相应反向封钳配合,以便在一组顺序的横向部分处夹住管并完成对包装的密封操作。
在上述类型的装置上,很明显密封压力特别是密封压力的控制对于保证生产完善的整体包装是十分重要的,并对保持食品的无菌特性也是十分重要的。
结果,对于监测密封操作的方法有强烈的需求,以便确定密封的质量,更重要的是在生产过程中确定是否偏离已建立的标准质量水准,而需要纠正性措施。
已经提出了一种建议,用以监测在密封期间包装材料管所承受的压力,但就申请人所知,该建议仍未能令人满意地实施。
所提出的方案之一,是在两个链式输送机的至少其中一个链式输送机上的每个封钳上安装一个传感器,采用过多的传感器会产生大量的需处理的监测信号,并且由于需要将安装在移动的封钳上的传感器发出的监测信号传送到处理装置上,这种方案也难以实施。
本发明的目的是提供一种包装装置,用以连续地生产包含可灌装食品的密封包装,该包装装置具有可靠的,结构简单的用以监测密封操作的装置。
根据本发明,提供了一种用以由一热封包装材料制成的管连续生产包含可灌装食品的密封包装的包装装置,其中呈片材形式的管沿一垂直供给路径进给,并被充填进所述食品;所述装置包括:
一第一链式输送机,带有一组第一封钳,并限定了所述第一封钳的第一循环路径;
一第二链式输送机,带有一组第二封钳,并限定了所述第二封钳的第二循环路径;
所述第一和所述第二路径分别包括靠近包装材料管的所述供给路径的第一和第二工作部分,并在所述供给路径的相对侧面上大致对称地延伸,这样使所述第一封钳保持与相应的所述第二封钳接触,以便在等距隔开的横向部分处夹住所述管,并在所述横向部分处通过热封包装材料完成对管的密封操作;
其特征在于包括监测装置,用以沿所述第二路径的所述第二工作部分监测至少所述第二封钳,以便确定所述密封操作的正确表现;所述监测装置包括固定的传感器装置,位于所述第二工作部分上并与各所述第二封钳配合,以产生至少一个监测信号,所述信号涉及与所述第二封钳相关的一个参数的操作值;以及比较装置,用以将所述操作值与所述参数的至少一个预定参考值进行比较,并用以在所述操作值和所述参考值之间有一预定关系的情况下发出一故障信号;
所述参数是所述第二封钳的温度;并且所述传感器装置包括至少一个温度传感器,沿着所述第二路径的所述第二工作部分位于一预定的固定位置;
所述第二封钳各包括一个限定了所述第二链式输送机的一个链节的主体;一个安装在所述主体上并沿垂直于所述供给路径的侧方向X相对于主体可动的压力件,用以对所述包装材料反向于相应的所述第一封钳施加一夹紧压力;和介于所述主体和所述压力件之间并限定所述夹紧压力的弹性装置;所述传感器装置包括至少一个位置传感器,沿所述第二工作部分位于一预定的固定位置,并与各所述第二封钳配合,并产生一个所述的监测信号,所述监测信号涉及沿所述侧方向X在所述第二封钳的所述压力件和位置传感器本身之间的距离。
本发明还涉及一种包装装置上监测密封操作的方法,该包装装置用以由一包装材料管连续生产包含可灌装食品的密封包装,所述包装材料管沿一垂直供给路径进给并被充填进所述食品;所述装置包括:
一第一链式输送机,带有一组第一封钳,并限定了所述第一封钳的第一循环路径;
一第二链式输送机,带有一组第二封钳,并限定了所述第二封钳的第二循环路径;
所述第一和所述第二路径分别包括靠近包装材料管的所述供给路径的第一和第二工作部分,并在所述供给路径的相对侧面上大致对称地延伸,这样使所述第一封钳保持与相应的所述第二封钳接触,以便在等距隔开的横向部分处夹住所述管,并在所述横向部分处通过热封包装材料完成对管的所述密封操作;
所述方法的特征是包括下述步骤:
-借助于位于所述第二工作部分处的固定传感器装置产生至少第一监测信号,所述信号与各所述第二封钳相关并涉及一个与第二封钳相关的参数的操作值;
-将所述操作值与所述参数的至少一个预定参考值比较;和
-当在所述操作值和所述参考值之间有一预定关系的情况下产生一故障信号;
其特征在于所述参数是所述第二封钳的温度;
在所述包装装置中所述第二封钳各包括一个限定了所述第二链式输送机的一个链节的主体;一个安装在所述主体上并沿垂直于所述供给路径的侧方向X相对于主体可动的压力件,以便反向于一相应的所述第一封钳对所述包装材料施加一夹紧压力;和介于所述主体与所述压力件之间并限定所述夹紧压力的弹性装置;其特征在于所述第一监测信号是由所述传感器装置的至少一个位置传感器产生的并涉及在各所述第二封钳的所述压力件和所述位置传感器之间沿所述侧方向X的距离。
下面将参照附图以举例的方式描述本发明的一个非限定最佳实施例,附图中:
图1是根据本发明的教导的包装装置的一个透视图,为清楚起见移走了一些零件;
图2是图1所示装置的示意性侧视图,为清楚起见移走了部分零件;
图3是透视图,示出了图1所示装置的一个封钳和相应的反向封钳;
图4是图3所示反向封钳的前视图;
图5是沿图4中V-V线所取的剖视图;
图6是图5的放大详图;
图7是图3所示封钳和反向封钳处于夹紧位置的半个剖视图,为清楚起见移走了一些零件;
图8和9是部分剖开的侧视图,示出了在工作循环中在两个不同点处的图1所示的装置,为清楚起见移走了一些零件。
参照图1,2,8和9,数字1表示一个由连续的管状包装材料14生产无菌密封包装2的包装装置,所述包装内包含巴氏灭菌或UHT牛奶、果汁、酒等之类的可灌装食品。
管14是在包装装置1的上游以已知方式通过沿纵向折叠和密封条状热封材料形成的,并在上游充填进经消毒或经消毒处理的待包装食品。装置1包括一个由两个侧壁4、5和两个平行的横向壁6、7限定的机架3(图1,8和9),横向壁6、7刚性地装配在侧壁4、5之间并与侧壁4、5一起限定了一个开口8;和两个链式输送机10,11,该两个链式输送机安装在机架3上并分别包括相互配合的第一封钳或简称封钳12(图1中仅示出了一个)和第二封钳或简称反向封钳13(图1中仅示出一个),以便与沿垂直路径A穿过开口8送入的包装材料管14相互作用。
输送机10和11限定了相应的循环路径P和Q,封钳12和反向封钳13沿路径P和Q运行,并且循环路径P和Q分别绕机架3的壁6和7延伸。
输送机10包括一个沿路径P延伸的铰接链式15;和两个在路径P的底端在链条15的两侧上啮合的驱动轮16。封钳12是链条15的一体部分并构成了链条15的间隔的链节,并且封钳12由成对的链节17以铰接的方式相互连接。
更具体说,每个封钳12(图3)包括一个细长的主体20,它沿垂直于路径A并平行于壁6的方向延伸,并具有相应的端部凸起21和22,每个端部凸起部带有一个凸出的第一销和第二销23,24,两者相互隔开并具有与主体20的主尺寸平行的相应轴线52,26。链节17与封钳12的销23,24铰接,从而将一个封钳12的销23连接于相邻封钳的销24。
类似地,输送机11包括一个沿路径Q延伸的铰接链条27;并且两个驱动轮28在路径Q的底端与链条27啮合。链条27由一组相互以铰接方式连接的反向封钳13构成,并且下文中将仅详细描述它们与封钳12不同之处,且对于类似于或相应于结合封钳12所描述的零件,将采用相同的编号。简言之,每个反向封钳13包括一个带有成对端部销23,24的主体20,链节17绕端部销23,24铰接以便连接相邻的反向封钳13。
每个封钳12包括一个沿垂直于管14的路径A的方向安装在主体20上的感应加热元件29,该感应加热元件然后包括一对直且平行的有源表面30,并由一对接触刷34供给电源,在使用中该接触刷与一供电杆(未示出)以滑动方式配合,该供电杆安装在机架3上并在开口8内部的路径P的区域内延伸。
与一加热元件29相对,每个反向封钳13包括一个压力杆35(图4和5),该压力杆35与相应封钳12的加热元件29配合而夹住管14的一横向部分(图2)并通过热封包装材料完成密封操作。在于使用中面对相应封钳12的前表面46上,压力杆35包括两个由较具柔性的弹性材料制成的带36,带36在与加热元件29的有源表面30相对的位置上与包装材料配合。
封钳12和反向封钳13各包装一个相应的控制装置37,用以在包装2形成时控制它的体积。各控制装置37不构成本发明的部分,故不详细描述。
封钳12和反向封钳13的运动由相应的凸轮对50,51控制,该凸轮对50,51安装在机架3的壁6、7上并与安装在封钳12和反向封钳13上的相应滚子对52,53配合。
更具体说,如图3所示,封钳12和反向封钳13各包括可空转地安装在主体20的端部凸起21内的第一对滚子52,53,和可空转地安装在主体20的端部凸起22内的第二对滚子52,53;并且凸起21,22各包括一对平行且并列的座54,55,该座加工在后侧上(即背离加热元件29或压力杆35的侧面)并沿垂直于销23,24的轴线25,26且平行于由轴线25,26限定的平面的方向延伸。
各对中的滚子53容纳于相应的外座54内(即靠近主体20的端部)并安装在相应的销23上;各对中的滚子52容纳于相应的内座55内并安装在相应的销24上。
壁6(图1)上设置有两对凸轮50,51,与封钳12的相应滚子对52,53配合;并且类似地,壁7上设置有两对凸轮50,51,与反向封钳13的相应滚子对52,53配合。
凸轮50,51包括绕相应的壁6,7的顶边缘延伸的大致呈U形的部分50a,51a,以便为输送机10,11的相应链条15,27限定一个与相应驱动轮16和28相对的过渡区;和在开口8内沿相应的壁6,7延伸的相应部分50b和51b。部分50a,51a限定了路径部分P1,Q1,沿此路径部分封钳12和反向封钳13相互接近并与包装材料管14接触;部分50b,51b限定了面对面的路径P的大致平行的工作部分P2,Q2,沿此部分P2,Q2封钳12和反向封钳13保持压力接触,以完成对管14的所述密封操作并将管14转变成一个包装2的连续条,包装2由垂直于管14延伸的平坦密封带88相互连接,最后在装置1的后续工位切割包装2的连续条,切割装置不属本发明的部分,故在此不作详细描述。
凸轮50,51在相应的驱动轮16,28的下游在路径P和Q的相应部分P3和Q3处释放相应的链条15,27。
沿部分P3,Q3,链条15,27与相应的成对张紧器56配合,以便如此张紧链条,确保封钳12和反向封钳13的滚子52,53保持与相应凸轮50,51接触。
各张紧器56包括一个绕水平轴线铰接在一个支承上的可动导板57,该支承固定在壁6或7上;和一个介于导板57和壁6或7之间的弹簧59。在背离壁6或7的表面上,导板57包括两个并列的滚动轨道60,61,两者借助于弹簧59分别与封钳12或反向封钳13的滚子52和53配合。
请特别参照图4至7,各反向封钳13的压力杆53如此固定在主体20上,即允许它沿垂直于一平面的侧方向X作有限的运动,该平面是由销23,24的轴线25,26限定,并且该方向X在使用中限定了由各封钳/反向封钳向管14施加压力的方向。
更具体说,杆35与两个轴线分别平行于方向X的销65以凸埋的方式一体地安装,并宽松地与主体20上形成的相应定位孔66啮合。在所示例子中,销65在杆的前表面46的相反侧螺纹连接在杆35的后部。
通过插入两个弹性连接组件67将杆35安装在主体20上,用以在使用中沿X方向产生反作用压力,而使杆35靠抵在相应封钳12上。
组件67位于杆35的相对端部处,并靠着前表面46,图6中以放大的比例示出了其中一个组件67的剖面,以下参照该图。
各组件67大致包括一个轴线平行于方向X的导向轴70,该导向轴70通过一大致圆柱形的通腔71沿径向相当宽松地安装在主体20上,各组件76还包括一个端部凸缘72,它通过一组螺钉73绕通腔71安装在主体20的后部。
通腔71容纳一个刚性很高的螺旋弹簧75,由四边形的断面的钢丝制成并压缩在凸缘72和一杯形件76之间,该杯形件76在通腔71内可沿轴向宽松地滑动并在轴向和径向上连接于杆35。更具体说,杯形件76包括沿轴向与弹簧75配合的环形基壁77,和一个宽松地容纳在通腔71内的圆柱形壁78,壁77包括一个以滑动方式与轴70配合的锥状内刃边79。
通腔71包括一个容纳一环形密封81的周向槽80,该密封以滑动方式与杯形件76的圆柱形壁78配合;并且通腔71和杯形件76上方便地充填有润滑油。
轴70的小直径端部82容纳在压力杆35的圆柱形座83之内,两者之间插入一弹性材料制成的衬套84。
衬套84填塞在轴70的肩部85和一个与轴70同轴的止挡垫圈86之间,垫圈86安装在轴的端部82的端头上。垫圈86的周边沿轴向与杆35的座83的一个环形肩部87配合,以便沿轴向反抗衬套84压住肩部87并反抗弹簧75朝杯形件76将杆35固定。更具体说,杯形件76的基壁77限定了一个定位环90,定位环90与压力杆35的座83啮合。
所以,在实际使用中,沿着路径Q的部分Q2并借助于弹簧75,各反向封钳13的杆35相对于主体20沿方向X是侧向可动的,以便在密封区补偿包装材料管14厚度的减小,该减小是由于相应封钳12的加热元件29所产生的热使包装材料软化造成的。
参照图8和9,装置1还包括一个装置91,用以监测管14的密封并包括两对安装在壁7上位于路径P的工作部分Q的相对端94,95处的传感器92,93,即分别位于沿之完成密封操作的部分Q2的上游和下游,所述传感器与各反向封钳13配合以产生相应的监测信号S1,S2,S3,S4,这些信号涉及沿部分Q2反向封钳13的杆35沿方向X及相对于主体20的总侧向偏移量的一个操作值V0。
更具体说,沿垂直于方向X及路径Q的部分Q2的方向相互对齐的传感器92安装在壁7上及部分Q2的顶端94处,并位于相应侧壁4,5附近,且产生监测信号S1,S2,该等信号涉及在传感器92和被监测之反向封钳13的杆35上的销65之间沿方向X的相应距离。
类似地,沿平行于路径Q的部分Q2的方向与相应传感器92对齐的传感器93安装在壁7上及部分Q2的底端95,并位于相应侧壁4,5附近,且产生监测信号S3,S4,该等信号涉及在传感器93和被监测之传感器13的销65之间沿方向X的相应距离。
监测装置91还包括一个连接于传感器92,93的处理单元96,它可将操作值V0与参考侧向移动值Vf的一个范围I进行比较,该范围I是在两个极限值之间并表示反向封钳13的正常操作,在值V0未能落入参考值Vf的范围I内的情况下,所述处理单元96将产生一个表示被监测之反向封钳13误动作的故障信号S5。
更具体说,处理单元96大致包括一个接收监测信号S1,S2,S3,S4并产生操作值V0的计算电路97;一个储存参考值Vf的记忆电路98;和一个输入端连接于计算电路97和记忆电路98的比较电路99,用以阅读储存在记忆电路98内的参考值Vf并将之与操作值V0比较。
当一反向封钳13运行通过传感器92时,计算电路97能够确定监测信号S1,S2的瞬时值的平均值m1,并当该反向封钳13通过传感器93时能确定监测信号S3,S4的瞬时值的平均值m2;该值m1和m2分别表示被监测之反向封钳13的杆35和相应的传感器对92,93之间沿方向X的距离。
计算电路97也能计算出值m1和m2之间的差,以便产生沿着部分Q2被监测之反向封钳13的杆35相对于传感器92,93沿方向X的总侧向偏移量的操作值V0。很明显,值V0涉及的是各反向封钳13的杆35相对于相应主体20以及相应的封钳12两者沿方向X及沿着路径Q的部分Q2的总侧向偏移,其中封钳12没有相对于路径P的部分P2沿方向X运动的零件。
所以,值V0表示在密封期间管14被挤压的程度,并可间接地确定密封质量。
最后,故障信号S5被同时输送到用以控制装置1的操作循环并中断输送机10,11的一个控制单元100,以及一个信号装置101,如一显示器或警报器。
装置1的操作如下。
如图2中的箭头所示,使输送机10和11以已知的方式沿相反的方向转动,这样从相应路径P,Q的部分P1,Q1的端点并沿相应的部分P2,Q2,相应的封钳12和反向封钳13根据凸轮50,51的轮廓所限定运动与包装材料管14配合。
在第一阶段之后(其中管14被接触且被逐渐压缩,并且包装材料被局部折叠而形成一个平的密封带88),封钳12和反向封钳13到达凸轮50,51的相应的直线部分50b,51b(图2),在此对管14施加最大夹紧压力并且各封钳12的加热元件29被通电而通过热封包装材料完成热封操作。
封钳12和反向封钳13的大致相似的相应凸轮50,51的部分50b之间和51b之间的距离沿所述部分的大部是恒定的,并如此选择以轻微地挤压反向封钳13的弹簧75并使之变形。
通过使用弹性材料制成的衬套84的弹性硬度明显小于弹簧75的硬度,使上述这种挤压成为可能,这样当杆35与相应封钳12的加热元件29配合而夹住包装材料时,杆35承受的压力就沿夹紧方向X轴向压缩衬套84,并通过相应杯形件76几乎完全传递到弹簧75。
由于弹簧75仅在很小程度上变形,施加在包装材料上的夹紧压力基本上由弹簧75的预载荷决定。
在密封阶段,由各封钳12的加热元件29所产生的热软化并减小了相应密封带88的厚度,并且相应的反向封钳13的弹簧75使杆35沿方向X朝加热元件29侧向移动,以维持在管14上的一个恒定压力。
如上所述,监测装置91能确定沿着部分Q2各反向封钳13的杆35沿方向X的侧向偏移量的操作值V0是否落入或超出参考侧向偏移值Vf的范围I。
超出范围I的操作值V0表示有不正常的密封压力作用在管14上,例如由弹簧75的误动作造成,在这种情况下,信号装置101就立即通知操作者,以停止装置1进行修理。
根据未示出的一种改型,可以用一个或多个温度传感器代替两对传感器92,93,温度传感器安装在机架3的壁7上,沿路径P的工作部分Q2定位,并用以检测封钳13的温度,且与传感器92,93一样将该温度与一个表示反向封钳13正常操作的参考值的预定范围进行比较。
从上面的描述中可清楚看出根据本发明的装置1的优点。
特别是,通过将固定传感器92,93一体地固定在装置1的机架3上,使监测装置91易于生产并高度可靠,并可确定各反向封钳13的压力杆35相对于主体20及相应的反向封钳12沿方向X的偏移。由于所述偏移间接地表示施加在管14上的密封压力,就可处理由传感器92,93输出的监测信号S1,S2,S3,S4,以便确定包装2的密封质量是否符合预定标准。
而且,所述的监测系统解决了从移动部件传送监测信号的问题。
如上所述,在不超出权利要求书范围的情况下可对装置1作多种改动。
特别是,可以用两个单独的位置传感器代替两对位置传感器92,93,并分别设在路径Q的工作部分Q2的相对端94,95,在这种情况下,由于不再需要确定值m1和m2,计算电路97可得以简化。
而且,可以只采用一个与传感器92,93同类的位置传感器,设在沿路径Q的工作部分2上一预定的关键点处,用以确定它和各反向封钳13的杆25之间沿方向X的距离,并将所述距离与一预定的参考距离值进行比较。
Claims (8)
1.一种用以由一热封包装材料制成的管(14)连续生产包含可灌装食品的密封包装(2)的包装装置(1),其中呈片材形式的管(14)沿一垂直供给路径(A)进给,并被充填进所述食品;所述装置(1)包括:
一第一链式输送机(10),带有一组第一封钳(12),并限定了所述第一封钳(12)的第一循环路径(P);
一第二链式输送机(11),带有一组第二封钳(13),并限定了所述第二封钳(13)的第二循环路径(Q);
所述第一和所述第二路径(P,Q)分别包括靠近包装材料管(14)的所述供给路径(A)的第一和第二工作部分(P2,Q2),并在所述供给路径(A)的相对侧面上大致对称地延伸,这样使所述第一封钳(12)保持与相应的所述第二封钳(13)接触,以便在等距隔开的横向部分(88)处夹住所述管(14),并在所述横向部分(88)处通过热封包装材料完成对管(14)的密封操作;
其特征在于包括监测装置(91),用以沿所述第二路径(Q)的所述第二工作部分(Q2)监测至少所述第二封钳(13),以便确定所述密封操作的正确表现;所述监测装置(91)包括固定的传感器装置(92,93),位于所述第二工作部分(Q2)上并与各所述第二封钳(13)配合,以产生至少一个监测信号(S1,S2,S3,S4),所述信号涉及与所述第二封钳(13)相关的一个参数的操作值(V0);以及比较装置(99),用以将所述操作值(V0)与所述参数的至少一个预定参考值(Vf)进行比较,并用以在所述操作值(V0)和所述参考值(Vf)之间有一预定关系的情况下发出一故障信号(S5);
所述参数是所述第二封钳(13)的温度;并且所述传感器装置包括至少一个温度传感器,沿着所述第二路径(Q)的所述第二工作部分(Q2)位于一预定的固定位置;
所述第二封钳(13)各包括一个限定了所述第二链式输送机(11)的一个链节的主体(20);一个安装在所述主体(20)上并沿垂直于所述供给路径(A)的侧方向X相对于主体可动的压力件(35),用以对所述包装材料反向于相应的所述第一封钳(12)施加一夹紧压力;和介于所述主体(20)和所述压力件(35)之间并限定所述夹紧压力的弹性装置(75);所述传感器装置包括至少一个位置传感器(92;93),沿所述第二工作部分(Q2)位于一预定的固定位置,并与各所述第二封钳(13)配合,并产生一个所述的监测信号(S1;S2;S3,S4),所述监测信号涉及沿所述侧方向X在所述第二封钳(13)的所述压力件(35)和位置传感器(92,93)本身之间的距离。
2.如权利要求1所述的装置,其特征在于,所述参数是各所述第二封钳(13)的所述压力件(35)沿所述侧方向X沿着所述第二工作部分(Q2)并相对于所述传感器装置(92,93)的总侧向偏移量;所述传感器装置包括至少两个所述位置传感器(92,93),分别位于所述第二工作部分(Q2)的相对端部(94,95)及所述第二工作部分(Q2)的沿之完成所述密封操作的一部分的上游和下游,并与各所述第二封钳(13)配合,以产生相应的所述监测信号(S1,S2;S3,S4),所述信号涉及在第二封钳(13)的所述压力件(35)和各所述位置传感器(92,93)之间沿所述侧方向X的相应距离;所述装置(1)包括计算装置(97),介于所述位置传感器(92,93)和所述比较装置(99)之间,并接收所述监测信号(S1,S2;S3,S4),且产生所述操作值(V0),作为在预定瞬时时间由所述监测信号(S1,S2;S3,S4)所表示的值之间的差。
3.如权利要求2所述的装置,其特征在于,所述预定瞬时时间分别由各所述第二封钳(13)通过其中一个所述位置传感器(92,93)的瞬间,以及由第二封钳(13)通过另外一个所述位置传感器(92,93)的瞬间限定。
4.如其中任何一个上述权利要求所述的装置,其特征在于所述比较装置包括比较装置(99),在所述操作值(V0)超出所述参考值(Vf)的范围(I)的情况下,产生所述故障信号,所述范围(I)是在两个极限值之间并表示所述第二封钳(13)的正常操作。
5.一种在包装装置(1)上监测密封操作的方法,该包装装置(1)用以由一包装材料管(14)连续生产包含可灌装食品的密封包装(2),所述包装材料管(14)沿一垂直供给路径(A)进给并被充填进所述食品;所述装置(1)包括:
一第一链式输送机(10),带有一组第一封钳(12),并限定了所述第一封钳(12)的第一循环路径(P);
一第二链式输送机(11),带有一组第二封钳(13),并限定了所述第二封钳(13)的第二循环路径(Q);
所述第一和所述第二路径(P,Q)分别包括靠近包装材料管(14)的所述供给路径(A)的第一和第二工作部分(P2,Q2),并在所述供给路径(A)的相对侧面上大致对称地延伸,这样使所述第一封钳(12)保持与相应的所述第二封钳(13)接触,以便在等距隔开的横向部分(88)处夹住所述管(14),并在所述横向部分(88)处通过热封包装材料完成对管(14)的所述密封操作;
所述方法的特征是包括下述步骤:
-借助于位于所述第二工作部分(Q2)处的固定传感器装置(92;93)产生至少第一监测信号(S1,S2;S3,S4),所述信号与各所述第二封钳(13)相关并涉及一个与第二封钳(13)相关的参数的操作值(V0);
-将所述操作值(V0)和所述参考值(Vf)之间有一预定关系的情况下产生一故障信号(S5);
其中所述参数是所述第二封钳(13)的温度;
在所述包装装置(1)中所述第二封钳(13)各包括一个限定了所述第二链式输送机(11)的一个链节的主体(20);一个安装在所述主体(20)上并沿垂直于所述供给路径(A)的侧方向X相对于主体可动的压力件(35),以便反向于一相应的所述第一封钳(12)对所述包装材料施加一夹紧压力;和介于所述主体(20)与所述压力件(35)之间并限定所述夹紧压力的弹性装置(75);所述第一监测信号(S1,S2;S3,S4)是由所述传感器装置的至少一个位置传感器(92,93)产生的并涉及在各所述第二封钳(13)的所述压力件(35)和所述位置传感器(92;93)之间沿所述侧方向X的距离。
6.如权利要求5所述的方法,其特征在于所述参数是各所述第二封钳(13)的所述压力件(35)沿所述侧方向X沿着所述第二工作部分(Q2)并相对于所述传感器装置(92,93)的总侧向偏移量;所述传感器装置包括两个所述位置传感器(92,93),分别位于所述第二工作部分(Q2)的相对端部(94,95)及所述第二工作部分(Q2)的沿之完成所述密封操作的一部分的上游和下游,所述第一监测信号(S1,S2)由所述位置传感器(92,93)的第一传感器(92)产生;并用所述方法还包括以下步骤:
-借助于所述位置传感器(92,93)的第二传感器(93)产生一第二监测信号(S3,S4),所述信号涉及在各所述第二封钳(13)的所述压力件(35)和所述第二位置传感器(93)之间沿所述侧方向(X)的距离;并
-计算所述操作值(V0),作为在预定瞬时时间由所述第一和所述第二监测信号(S1,S2;S3,S4)所表示的值之间的差。
7.如权利要求6所述的方法,其特征在于所述预定瞬时时间分别由各所述第二封钳(13)通过所述第一位置传感器(92)的瞬间,以及由第二封钳(13)通过所述第二位置传感器(93)的瞬间限定。
8.如上述权利要求5至7中的任一项所述的方法,其特征在于在所述操作值(V0)超出所述参考值(Vf)的范围(I)的情况下,产生所述故障信号(S5),其中所述参考值(Vf)的范围(I)是在两个极限值之间并表示所述第二封钳(13)的正常操作。
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EP97830320A EP0887269B1 (en) | 1997-06-27 | 1997-06-27 | Packaging unit for continuously producing sealed packages containing pourable food products, and method of monitoring a sealing operation performed on the packaging unit |
EP97830320.4 | 1997-06-27 |
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HK (1) | HK1018605A1 (zh) |
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1997
- 1997-06-27 DK DK97830320T patent/DK0887269T3/da active
- 1997-06-27 DE DE69726129T patent/DE69726129T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-06-27 ES ES97830320T patent/ES2208858T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-06-27 AT AT97830320T patent/ATE254066T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-06-27 EP EP97830320A patent/EP0887269B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-10-01 TW TW086114271A patent/TW386971B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1998
- 1998-06-15 US US09/094,695 patent/US6035604A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-06-25 JP JP17891198A patent/JP4131585B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-06-25 BR BR9802285-7A patent/BR9802285A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-06-26 CN CN98115122A patent/CN1131816C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-06-26 RU RU98112741A patent/RU2141915C1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-06-26 AR ARP980103125A patent/AR014363A1/es unknown
-
1999
- 1999-07-08 HK HK99102929A patent/HK1018605A1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
BR9802285A (pt) | 1999-10-13 |
DE69726129T2 (de) | 2004-08-26 |
CN1205291A (zh) | 1999-01-20 |
JPH1170921A (ja) | 1999-03-16 |
DK0887269T3 (da) | 2004-02-16 |
RU2141915C1 (ru) | 1999-11-27 |
TW386971B (en) | 2000-04-11 |
ES2208858T3 (es) | 2004-06-16 |
DE69726129D1 (de) | 2003-12-18 |
AR014363A1 (es) | 2001-02-28 |
US6035604A (en) | 2000-03-14 |
ATE254066T1 (de) | 2003-11-15 |
JP4131585B2 (ja) | 2008-08-13 |
EP0887269B1 (en) | 2003-11-12 |
HK1018605A1 (en) | 1999-12-30 |
EP0887269A1 (en) | 1998-12-30 |
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