CN1201347C - 温度补偿用薄膜电容器 - Google Patents

温度补偿用薄膜电容器 Download PDF

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CN1201347C
CN1201347C CNB011240717A CN01124071A CN1201347C CN 1201347 C CN1201347 C CN 1201347C CN B011240717 A CNB011240717 A CN B011240717A CN 01124071 A CN01124071 A CN 01124071A CN 1201347 C CN1201347 C CN 1201347C
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thin dielectric
dielectric film
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temperature coefficient
electrode layer
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CN1340833A (zh
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北川均
佐佐木真
佐佐木顺彦
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Alps Alpine Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明通过只使用两种电介质薄膜材料,而获得可以依据需要确定静电容量温度系数的薄膜电容器。这种薄膜电容器可以在位于基板1处的下部电极层2的上侧面处,设置有具有预定静电容量温度系数的电介质薄膜3。而且,还设置有盖覆在该电介质薄膜3的上侧表面边缘部到电介质薄膜3上的台阶部处的、具有与预定静电容量温度系数不同的静电容量温度系数的第二电介质薄膜4,以及在盖覆在电介质薄膜3和第二电介质薄膜4处的上部电极层5。而且,可以通过对位于下部电极层2和上部电极层5间的电介质薄膜3与第二电介质薄膜4间的重合区域面积实施调整方式,对静电容量温度系数实施设定。

Description

温度补偿用薄膜电容器
技术领域
本发明涉及在电子回路中对半导体元件的结合电容量对温度的依赖性实施补偿、进而减小整个电子回路温度依赖性的温度补偿用薄膜电容器。
背景技术
这种薄膜电容器通常由叠层设置在基板上的下部电极层、电介质层和上部电极层构成,有时,还可以在具有下部电极层功能的半导体基板上,依次叠层设置有电介质层和上部电极层。
发明内容
现有技术中对于需要对这种薄膜电容器的静电容量温度系数实施种种选择的情况,采用的是寻找具有与所需要静电容量温度系数相接近的静电容量温度系数的电介质材料,并用其制作电介质层的方式。
然而,对于小型的薄膜电容器,其电介质材料层的厚度需要在0.5μm以下,所以难以找到不仅静电容量温度系数,而且薄膜成型条件、介电常数、绝缘耐电压强度等诸条件都满足薄膜电容器要求的电介质材料,这使得可实施的静电容量温度系数受到限制。
而且,在电介质端部处设置有第二电介质薄膜的薄膜电容器目前也已经是公知的,这种薄膜电容器能够改善薄膜电容器上电介质端部处的耐电压强度。
然而,这种设置有第二电介质薄膜的电容器,虽然可以不断地提高位于电介质端部处的耐电压强度,但是却不能对静电容量温度系数实施所需要的控制。因此,必须具备多种电介质材料的问题仍然没有得到解决。
本发明就是解决上述问题用的发明,本发明的目的就是提供一种只采用两种电介质薄膜材料,容易地获得所需要的任意静电容量温度系数的薄膜电容器。
为了能够解决上述问题,本发明提供的一种温度补偿用薄膜电容器,其特征在于可以具有设置在基板上的下部电极层,设置在该下部电极层的上表面处的、具有预定静电容量温度系数的电介质薄膜组件,盖覆在该电介质薄膜组件的上侧表面边缘部到下部电极层侧面部处的台阶部,或是盖覆在该电介质薄膜组件的上侧表面边缘部到位于该电介质薄膜组件上的薄膜侧面部处的、具有与预定静电容量温度系数不同的静电容量温度系数的第二电介质薄膜,以及设置在电介质薄膜组件上方与下部电极层相对位置处的上部电极层,而且可以通过对位于下部电极层和上部电极层间仅设置有电介质薄膜组件的区域面积,与由电介质薄膜组件和第二电介质薄膜构成的重合区域面积实施调整方式,对静电容量温度系数实施设定。
因此,位于下部电极层和上部电极层间,在只存在电介质薄膜的区域形成的电容器部分(电容器51),与存在电介质薄膜和第二电介质薄膜两层的电容器部分(电容器52)间实施并联连接。而且,电容器51与电容器52的静电容量温度系数彼此不同。
因此,可以通过对电容器51和电容器52的区域面积实施调整的方式,对静电容量温度系数实施设定,从而即使多种类型的电介质薄膜材料不具备,也可以容易地获得具有所需要静电容量温度系数的温度补偿用薄膜电容器。
而且,由于设置有第二电介质薄膜,所以还可以缓解对覆盖着电极端部、即电极侧面处的电介质薄膜的台阶部,或是位于电介质薄膜侧面部处的电介质薄膜材料的耐电压强度的限制。
而且,最好还使电介质薄膜的静电容量温度系数的绝对值为50ppm/℃以下,使第二电介质薄膜的静电容量温度系数为负值,且其绝对值为500ppm/℃以上。
当采用位于上述范围之内的电介质薄膜时,还可以通过对第二电介质薄膜相对于电介质薄膜的重叠面积实施调整的方式,对薄膜电容器的静电容量温度系数实施调整,并可以实施温度补偿。
而且,最好还使第二电介质薄膜的介电常数为4以下,热线性膨胀系数为50ppm/℃以上。对于介电常数为4以下的电介质材料,极化的主要因素为电子极化。对于这种情况,静电容量温度系数为负值,其大小与热线性膨胀系数成比例。因此,当介电常数为4以下时,热线性膨胀系数越大,可以获得绝对值越大且为负值的静电容量温度系数。
通过形成有位于上述范围之内的电介质薄膜的方式,可以获得为负值且绝对值为500ppm/℃以上的静电容量温度系数。
而且,对于电介质覆盖着电极端部到电极侧面的情况,由于位于电极端部处的电场集中、位于电极端部处的上部电介质薄膜质量恶化等原因,通常在电极端部附近处的电介质的耐电压强度会比平坦部的上部处低。这一耐电压强度被称为电极端部处的耐电压强度。当在覆盖着该电极端部的电介质薄膜之上叠层设置第二电介质薄膜,而使电介质薄膜的平面耐电压强度为100V以上,使第二电介质薄膜的电极端部耐电压强度为100V以上时,便可以形成电极端部耐电压强度为100V以上的薄膜电容器,而且这种薄膜电容器可以作为高性能电子设备使用。
而且,通过形成当频率为1GHz时电介质薄膜的Q值为200以上,第二电介质薄膜的Q值为10以上的电介质薄膜的方式,还可以使薄膜电容器在频率为1GHz时的Q值为100以上,从而可以作为高频电子设备使用。
对于采用SiOxNy制作电介质薄膜的情况,可以容易地获得薄膜厚度为0.5μm以下且平面耐电压强度为100V以上,频率为1GHz时的Q值为200以上,静电容量温度系数的绝对值为50ppm/℃以下的电介质薄膜。
对于采用丙烯类树脂或氟类树脂制作第二电介质薄膜的情况,可以容易地获得电极端部的耐电压强度为100V以上,频率为1GHz时的Q值为10以上,静电容量温度系数为负值且其绝对值为500ppm/℃以上的第二电介质薄膜。
而且,丙烯类树脂最好为包含有甲基丙烯酸烷化物和缩水甘油甲基丙烯酸脂化物的共聚体固化物的丙烯类高分子材料。
氟类树脂最好为非晶型氟类树脂(日本旭硝子株式会社制造制造,商品名称为“CYTOP”的树脂)。
对于采用SiOxNy制作电介质薄膜,采用丙烯类树脂或氟类树脂制作第二电介质薄膜的情况,可以容易地获得平面耐电压强度为100V以上,频率为1GHz时的Q值为100以上,静电容量温度系数为负值且其绝对值为所需要任意大小的薄膜电容器。
附图说明
下面参考附图说明本发明的最佳实施例,然而本发明并不仅限于如下所述的各实施例。
图1为表示作为第一实施例的薄膜电容器用的示意性剖面图。
图2为表示如图1所示的薄膜电容器用的示意性平面图。
图3为说明如图1所示的薄膜电容器功能用的示意性功能说明图。
图4为表示如图1所示的薄膜电容器用的示意性等价回路图。
图5为表示作为第二实施例的薄膜电容器用的示意性剖面图。
图6为表示如图5所示的薄膜电容器用的示意性平面图。
图7为表示如图5所示的薄膜电容器用的示意性等价回路图。
具体实施方式
图1~图4示出了根据本发明第一实施例构造的薄膜电容器,作为第一实施例的薄膜电容器可以在基板1的一个表面处,形成呈薄膜状的第一电极层2(下部电极层),再按照盖覆着下部电极层2的方式叠层形成电介质薄膜组件3。随后,按照盖覆着下部电极层2和电介质薄膜3上两个端部的方式叠层形成第二电介质薄膜4,再按照盖覆着下部电极层2、电介质薄膜3和第二电介质薄膜4的方式,叠层形成第二电极层(上部电极层)5。
本发明对基板1的材料性质并没有特殊的限制,只要能够具有足够的厚度以使整个电容器具有适当的刚性,并且能够承受按照薄膜成型方式,在基板1形成各个呈薄膜状的下部电极层2、电介质薄膜3、第二电介质薄膜4和上部电极层5时的薄膜成型处理温度即可。如果举例来说,满足上述条件的材料体实例可以是其表面由盖覆有硅的、诸如硅片等的部件,还可以为诸如SiO2、Al2O3等的材料体。
下部电极层2和上部电极层5可以为由诸如Cu、Ag、Au、Pt等单一金属构成的单层构造体,也可以为由若干金属层构成的叠层构造体。对于采用叠层构造的情况,可以为由诸如硅氧化物、Cr、Ni、铬氧化物、Pt等构成的层形成的两层以上叠层构造。
电介质薄膜3最好在耐高电压强度条件下,具有比如后所述的第二电介质薄膜4更高的Q值,并且具有更低的温度变化率。
如果更具体的讲就是,最好是采用静电容量温度系数的绝对值为50ppm/℃以下,介电常数为10以下,耐电场强度为5MV/cm以上,最好为8MV/cm以上,Q值为200以上,最好为500以上(当频率为1GHz时),介电缓和时间为1秒以上的材料,制作电介质薄膜3。而且,电介质薄膜3的厚度位于1μm(1×10-6m)以下时比较好,位于500~5000(0.05~05μm)左右时更好。采用这种构成形式,便可以确保其耐电压强度,并且可以实现薄膜化和高生产率。
如果举例来说,满足这些条件的材料可以为非结晶型SiOxNy层、SiOx层等,而且如果举例来说,可以通过诸如PECVD方法等的薄膜成型法,形成这种非结晶型SiOxNy层。
第二电介质薄膜4在耐电场强度方面和Q值方面,可以比电介质薄膜3略差一些,而且最好是采用比电介质薄膜3具有更高温度变化率的材料制作。
如果具体的讲就是,最好是采用容量温度系数为负值,其绝对值为500ppm/℃以上,介电常数为4以下,Q值为10以上(当频率为1GHz时)的材料,制作第二电介质薄膜4。
如果举例来说,由满足这些条件的材料构造的材料层,可以为丙烯类树脂薄膜,以及氟类树脂薄膜等。丙烯类树脂薄膜和氟类树脂薄膜具有为负值且比较高的静电容量温度系数,因此可以用于对薄膜电容器的静电容量温度系数实施调整。丙烯类树脂薄膜可以通过诸如半导体光解工序(比如说由诸如旋转涂镀、预烘焙、曝光、显影、烧制等各工序构成),实施薄膜成型、加工。采用这种方式,便可以将薄膜厚度控制在1000以下至数μm的范围内。
丙烯类树脂薄膜可以通过由下述表达式表示的甲基丙烯酸烷化物:
【化学式1】
Figure C0112407100101
(在表达式中,n为50~1000的整数)
以及由下述表达式表示的缩水甘油甲基丙烯酸脂化物:
【化学式2】
反应而生成,从而可以形成具有由下述表达式表示的最好是具有重复单元的聚甲基丙烯酸树脂。
【化学式3】
(在表达式中,n、m、1为50~1000的整数)
具有如上所述构成形式的树脂,可以通过甲基丙烯酸烷化物与缩水甘油甲基丙烯酸脂化物间的聚合比,利用热线性膨胀系数对静电容量温度系数实施控制。具有这种物理特征的一个实例为介电常数为3.5,静电容量温度系数为-2200ppm/℃,下部电极端部处的耐电压强度(当台阶差为3μm,薄膜厚度为1μm时)为100V,Q值(当频率为1GHz时)为100,热线性膨胀系数为210ppm/℃。
而且,丙烯类树脂薄膜还可以通过由下述表达式表示的甲基丙烯酸烷化物:
【化学式4】
Figure C0112407100112
以及由下述表达式表示的缩水甘油甲基丙烯酸脂化物:
【化学式5】
反应而生成,从而可以形成具有由下述表达式表示的最好是具有重复单元的聚甲基丙烯酸树脂。
【化学式6】
这里表示结合键,但结合处未明确显示
这里表示结合键,但结合处未明确显示
(构成重复)
(在表达式中,n为50~1000的整数)
具有如上所述构成形式的树脂,可以通过甲基丙烯酸烷化物与缩水甘油甲基丙烯酸脂化物间的聚合比,利用热线性膨胀系数对静电容量温度系数实施控制。具有这种物理特征的一个实例为介电常数为3.5,静电容量温度系数为-2200ppm/℃,下部电极端部处的耐电压强度(当台阶差为3μm,薄膜厚度为1μm时)为100V,Q值(当频率为1GHz时)为100,热线性膨胀系数为210ppm/℃。
氟类树脂薄膜最好采用诸如商品名称为CYTOP(日本旭硝子株式会社制造)的非晶型氟类树脂等的树脂薄膜。这种材料的特征是在高频下的电介质的Q值比较高。具有这种物理特征的一个实例为介电常数为2.1,静电容量温度系数为-1000ppm/℃,下部电极端部处的耐电压强度(当台阶差为3μm,薄膜厚度为1μm时)为100V,Q值(当频率为1GHz时)为1400,热线性膨胀系数为74ppm/℃。
在具有这种构成形式的薄膜电容器的下部电极层2与上部电极层5之间,仅设置有电介质薄膜3的电容器区域51,与叠层设置有电介质薄膜3和第二电介质薄膜4的电容器区域52间实施的是并联连接。
电容器区域52与彼此串联连接着的、由电介质薄膜3上的一部分构成的电容器52a和由第二电介质薄膜4构成的电容器52b相等价,而且这一等价回路图可以如图4所示。
如果取各部分电容器51、52a、52b的电容量分别为C3、C3’、C4,并且取形成在下部电极层2与上部电极层5间的电容器的容量值为C,则可以有下述的等式(1):
C=C3+1/(1/C3’+1/C4)                        (1)
而且,如果取电介质薄膜3的静电容量温度系数为τ3,第二电介质薄膜4的静电容量温度系数为τ4,与容量值C有关的温度系数为τ,则可以有下述的等式(2):
τ=[τ3(C3+1/|C3’(1/C3’+1/C4)2|)
   +τ4/|C4(1/C3’+1/C4)2|]/C           (2)
因此,可以利用第二电介质薄膜4的静电容量温度系数τ4,以及电介质薄膜3和第二电介质薄膜4间的重合区域,根据需要确定与容量值C有关的温度系数。
而且,具有这种构成形式的薄膜电容器,位于电介质薄膜3上的两个边缘端部处的台阶部,是由在耐电压方面更为有效的第二电介质薄膜4覆盖着的,所以可以最大限度地利用电介质薄膜3的平面耐电压强度。
换句话说就是,薄膜电容器的耐电压强度在常规电介质薄膜3中的台阶部、即覆盖着下部电极层2的左右边缘端部处的电介质薄膜3上的部分为最小,并且小于位于电介质薄膜3上中央部附近处的平面耐电压强度。
而且,由于位于电介质薄膜3上边缘部处的台阶部是由第二电介质薄膜4盖覆着的,所以可以容易地使电介质薄膜3的厚度为0.5μm左右。
如上所述的、具有如图1和图2所示构成形式的薄膜电容器,可以使用在诸如便携式电子设备、微波通信设备等需要实施温度补偿的电子设备回路中。如果举例来说,在电压控制型振荡信号产生元件中还可以与变容二极管组合使用。
下面参考图5~图7,对根据本发明第二实施例构造的薄膜电容器进行说明。作为第二实施例的薄膜电容器可以在基板1的一个表面处,形成有呈薄膜状的第一电极层12(下部电极层),再按照盖覆着下部电极层12的上部中央处的方式叠层形成电介质薄膜13。随后,按照盖覆着下部电极层12和电介质薄膜13上两个端部的方式叠层形成第二电介质薄膜14,再按照盖覆着下部电极层12、电介质薄膜13和第二电介质薄膜14的方式叠层形成第二电极层(上部电极层)15。
与作为第一实施例的薄膜电容器之间的不同点在于在下部电极层12的两侧端部处,未设置电介质薄膜13,从而使得电介质薄膜13和第二电介质薄膜14间的重合区域,与形成电介质薄膜13的区域和形成第二电介质薄膜14的区域相比非常小。采用这种构成形式,便可以按照比作为第一实施例的薄膜电容器更容易的方式,对其静电容量温度系数实施所需要的控制。
如果取形成在电介质薄膜13区域处的电容器和形成在第二电介质薄膜14区域处的电容器的电容量分别为C13、C14,并且取形成在下部电极层12与上部电极层15间的电容器的电容量为C,则可以有下述等式:
C=C13+C14                                      (3)
在这儿,如果取电介质薄膜13的静电容量温度系数为τ13,第二电介质薄膜14的静电容量温度系数为τ14,总静电容量C的温度系数为τ,则可以有下述等式:
τ=[τ13C13+τ14C14]/C                         (4)
因此,可以利用第二电介质薄膜14的静电容量温度系数τ14,以及电介质薄膜13和第二电介质薄膜14的区域大小,根据需要确定涉及容量值C的温度系数。
而且,由于电介质薄膜13的薄膜侧面部是由第二电介质薄膜14盖覆着的,所以可以与作为第一实施例的薄膜电容器相同,容易地使电介质薄膜13的厚度为0.5μm左右。
实施例
(作为第一实施例的薄膜电容器用的实施例)
分别用Cu形成下部电极层2和上部电极层5,其薄膜厚度为3μm。
可以通过溅射薄膜成型法等,利用SiO2形成电介质薄膜3,其薄膜厚度为0.5μm。该SiO2薄膜的介电常数为4.0,静电容量温度系数为±30ppm/℃,平面耐电压强度为500V,Q值(当频率为1GHz时)为500。
可以利用丙烯类树脂形成第二电介质薄膜4,其薄膜厚度为1μm。该丙烯类树脂的介电常数为3.5,静电容量温度系数为-2200ppm/℃,位于下部电极2的端部处的台阶部的耐电压强度(当台阶差为3μm,薄膜厚度为1μm时)为100V,Q值(当频率为1GHz时)为100,热线性膨胀系数为210ppm/℃。
可以采用按照甲基丙烯酸烷化物与缩水甘油甲基丙烯酸脂化物为19∶1的聚合比率制作出的丙烯类高分子材料,作为这种丙烯类树脂材料。
而且,可以通过使甲基丙烯酸烷化物与缩水甘油甲基丙烯酸脂化物的包含比率在19∶1至1∶1之间变化的方式,使这种树脂材料的静电容量温度系数位于-2200至-500的范围之内。
作为这一实施例的薄膜电容器,第二电介质薄膜的电容部(电容器区域52)相对于电介质薄膜的电容部(电容器区域51)的面积比x(%),可以在40~80的范围之内变化,从而可以获得如表1所示的静电容量温度系数和Q值。
耐电压强度均在100V以上。
而且,下部电极层2与上部电极层5相对区域的尺寸为300μm×300μm。
                       【表1】
  x(%)  静电容量温度系数ppm/℃  Q值(测定频率=1GHz)
   40           -239         315
   50           -291         292
   80           -432         248
(作为第二电介质薄膜4的氟类树脂材料的实施例)
不再采用丙烯类树脂,而是采用作为氟类树脂的商品名称为CYTOP(日本旭硝子株式会社制造)的非晶型氟类树脂,制作第二电介质薄膜4。
这种非晶型氟类树脂的介电常数为2.1,静电容量温度系数为-1000ppm/℃,位于下部电极2的端部处的台阶部的耐电压强度(当台阶差为3μm,薄膜厚度为1μm时)为100V,Q值(当频率为1GHz时)为1400,热线性膨胀系数为74ppm/℃。
使用这种材料制作的薄膜电容器的Q值,可以比使用丙烯类树脂材料时进一步得到提高。

Claims (8)

1.一种温度补偿用薄膜电容器,其特征在于具有设置在基板上的下部电极层,按照盖覆该下部电极层的上部和端部或盖覆该下部电极层上部中央处方式形成的、具有预定静电容量温度系数的电介质薄膜组件,按照盖覆所述电介质薄膜组件端部和所述下部电极层端部方式形成的、具有与所述预定静电容量温度系数不同的静电容量温度系数的第二电介质薄膜,以及按照盖覆所述电介质薄膜组件和第二电介质薄膜的方式形成的上部电极层,而且通过对位于所述下部电极层和所述上部电极层间仅设置有所述电介质薄膜组件的区域面积,与由所述电介质薄膜组件和所述第二电介质薄膜构成的重合区域面积或仅设置有第二电介质薄膜的区域面积实施调整,对所述温度补偿用薄膜电容器的静电容量温度系数实施设定。
2.如权利要求1所述的温度补偿用薄膜电容器,其特征在于所述电介质薄膜的静电容量温度系数的绝对值为50ppm/℃以下,所述第二电介质薄膜的静电容量温度系数为负值,且其绝对值为500ppm/℃以上。
3.如权利要求2所述的温度补偿用薄膜电容器,其特征在于所述第二电介质薄膜的介电常数为4以下,热线性膨胀系数为50ppm/℃以上。
4.如权利要求1所述的温度补偿用薄膜电容器,其特征在于所述电介质薄膜的平面耐电压强度为100V以上,被所述第二电介质薄膜盖覆的下部电极层端部处的耐电压强度为100V以上。
5.如权利要求1所述的温度补偿用薄膜电容器,其特征在于当测定频率为1GHz时,所述电介质薄膜的Q值为200以上,所述第二电介质薄膜的Q值为10以上。
6.如权利要求1所述的温度补偿用薄膜电容器,其特征在于所述电介质薄膜为SiOxNy。
7.如权利要求1所述的温度补偿用薄膜电容器,其特征在于所述第二电介质薄膜为丙烯类树脂或氟类树脂。
8.如权利要求1所述的温度补偿用薄膜电容器,其特征在于所述电介质薄膜为SiOxNy,所述第二电介质薄膜为丙烯类树脂或氟类树脂。
CNB011240717A 2000-08-30 2001-08-13 温度补偿用薄膜电容器 Expired - Fee Related CN1201347C (zh)

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