CN1172480A - 提纯蜜胺的方法 - Google Patents
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- CN1172480A CN1172480A CN96191742A CN96191742A CN1172480A CN 1172480 A CN1172480 A CN 1172480A CN 96191742 A CN96191742 A CN 96191742A CN 96191742 A CN96191742 A CN 96191742A CN 1172480 A CN1172480 A CN 1172480A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D251/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings
- C07D251/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings not condensed with other rings
- C07D251/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings not condensed with other rings having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D251/26—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings not condensed with other rings having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hetero atoms directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D251/40—Nitrogen atoms
- C07D251/54—Three nitrogen atoms
- C07D251/62—Purification of melamine
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D251/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings
- C07D251/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings not condensed with other rings
- C07D251/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings not condensed with other rings having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D251/26—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings not condensed with other rings having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hetero atoms directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D251/40—Nitrogen atoms
- C07D251/54—Three nitrogen atoms
- C07D251/56—Preparation of melamine
- C07D251/60—Preparation of melamine from urea or from carbon dioxide and ammonia
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- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种提纯蜜胺的方法,该方法包括,将含杂质的蜜胺在氨分压为150—400巴和温度范围在280—430℃的条件下保持5分钟至20小时,然后将反应容器首先迅速冷却至室温、然后减压,或者同时冷却和减压,由此得到粉末形式的纯蜜胺。
Description
人们从文献中已知制备蜜胺的众多方法。优选的起始物料是尿素,尿素在高压和非-催化条件下、或者在低压和使用催化剂条件下被转化成蜜胺,氨和二氧化碳。人们还知道,在这些方法中,尤其是在高压方法中形成了各种副产物或杂质,如蜜勒胺,蜜白胺,二聚氰酸二酰胺,二聚氰酸一酰胺或脲基蜜胺,它们影响蜜胺的纯度。
根据例如美国专利US3116294(Montecat ini)的方法处理,经高压方法制备的蜜胺通过从液体蜜胺中除去CO2和NH3废气,然后将液体蜜胺用NH3逆流处理,以便除去仍然溶解着的二氧化碳,在另一反应器中收集液体蜜胺并让其在反应器中保持一定时间。在这种情况下,将分离柱和第二反应器保持在与尿素反应器具有相同的温度和压力条件下,即在250-500℃和约40-150巴压力条件下。将由此得到的蜜胺从第二反应器中转移,并用水骤冷或通过与冷气混合而迅速冷却。但是,该方法得到的蜜胺的纯度不能满足许多用途的需要,例如,不能满足用于表面涂覆的蜜胺-甲醛树脂的生产需要,因为,尤其是,蜜勒胺的含量太高。从瑞士专利CH345894中人们知道,杂质如蜜勒胺和蜜白胺在水和碱性水溶液中是不溶的或微溶的,因此这些化合物在蜜胺的重结晶中,例如,在进行Montecatini所述的处理方法时很难除去,并且要损失被提纯的蜜胺。
因此本发明的目的是提供一种方法,在该方法中,杂质含量,尤其是那些在水中或碱性水溶液中不溶或微溶的杂质含量可以被明显地降低而且不损失蜜胺。
出乎意料的是,本发明的目的可以通过这样一种方法实现,该方法是将含杂质的蜜胺在氨分压高于150巴和温度高于280℃的条件下保持一定时间,然后迅速冷却。
因此,本发明涉及蜜胺的提纯方法,该方法包括,将含杂质的蜜胺在氨分压为150-400巴和温度范围在280-430℃的条件下保持5分钟至20小时,然后将反应容器首先迅速冷却至室温,然后减压,或者同时冷却和减压,由此得到粉末形式的纯蜜胺。
本发明的方法适用于蜜胺的提纯,这种蜜胺可以用现有技术中的任何已知的方法得到,并且可以含有,尤其是,如蜜勒胺和蜜白胺的杂质。当被提纯的蜜胺是以结晶形式或是粉末的形式出现时,先将被提纯的蜜胺加热至280-430℃的温度范围内,优选加热至或高于蜜胺的熔点至高达400℃的温度范围,并在该温度范围内、在氨分压高于150巴的条件下保持一定时间。如果被提纯的蜜胺已经是在熔化状态或以液相存在,例如是从利用尿素转化的蜜胺合成的高压反应器中出来,则该加热阶段可以省略,将熔化态物质的温度升至上面定义的温度范围内的所需值。
被提纯的蜜胺的温度在其停留时间中可以保持不变,但其温度也可以在上面定义的温度范围内变化。因此温度可以在温度的限制范围内,例如不断地或分阶段地被降低或升高。停留时间可以在宽范围内变化。停留时间主要取决于所期望的最终杂质含量、氨分压和经济因素,停留时间在5分钟至20小时之间,优选10分钟至10小时,尤其优选30分钟至4小时。如果需要,也可以要求更长的停留时间。氨分压同样可以在宽范围内变化,可以是150至400巴。优选氨分压高达360巴,尤其优选氨分压高达300巴。在停留时间中也可以改变压力。而且,可以与在反应条件下是惰性的其他气体如氮气混合。经过停留时间之后,根据工艺技术条件,可以先将反应容器冷却然后减压,或者同时减压和冷却。通过例如用冷的液体介质,例如通过利用水或液氨骤冷或者通过与冷气混合将物料冷却至室温。
根据本发明的方法得到以结晶形式或粉末状的蜜胺,这种蜜胺具有尤其是明显降低的蜜勒胺和蜜白胺含量。
本发明的方法既可以不连续进行,也可以连续进行。
本发明的方法可以与现有技术中已知的任何蜜胺方法结合。在优选的实施方案中,本发明的方法与一种现有技术中已知的高压方法结合,如在Ulmann s的《工业化学百科全书》,第5版,第A-16卷,第174-179页中描述的那样。特别优选的是,本发明的方法根据随后已知的高压方法的处理步骤进行。这些处理方法步骤包括(a)从液体蜜胺中除去在尿素转化中得到的NH3/CO2气体混合物,和(b)通过引入NH3来降低溶解在蜜胺中的二氧化碳。
这些处理步骤描述在,例如,美国专利US-3116294中。因此,根据本发明的方法可以直接与尿素转化反应器连接,或者随后可以进行上面描述的处理步骤,在这种情况下,处理步骤不仅可以包括(a)与(b)相结合的步骤,还可以仅仅包括这些步骤中的一种步骤。
实施例1-7
将具有一定初始杂质含量的一定数量(SW)的蜜胺和保持一定压力p所需数量的氨加入体积为10毫升的微型高压釜中。
然后将高压釜通过浸入热传递介质中,迅速加热至温度T并在该温度下保持t分钟。然后将高压釜浸入冷水中迅速冷却,然后减压。将由此提纯的蜜胺进行最终杂质含量分析,尤其是进行蜜勒胺含量分析。
工艺参数如蜜胺样品重量(SW),压力p,时间t,温度T,和下述物质的初始含量:蜜勒胺(MEo),蜜白胺(MAo),二聚氰酸二酰胺(ANo),二聚氰酸一酰胺(ADo),和脲基蜜胺(UMo),以及下述物质的最终含量:蜜勒胺(ME),蜜白胺(MA),脲基蜜胺(UM),和在某些情况下下述物质的最终含量:二聚氰酸二酰胺(AN)和二聚氰酸一酰胺(AD)可以参见表1。
实施例 | SW | p | T | t | MEo | ME | MAo | MA | UMo | UM | ANo | AN | ADo | AD |
(毫克) | (巴) | (℃) | (分钟) | ppm | ppm | ppm | ppm | ppm | ppm | ppm | ppm | ppm | ppm | |
1 | 268 | 350 | 290 | 10 | 5600 | 1100 | 18300 | 320 | 10600 | 170 | - | - | - | - |
2 | 268 | 350 | 290 | 100 | 5600 | 150 | 18300 | 220 | 10600 | 290 | - | - | - | - |
3 | 80 | 350 | 370 | 180 | 13000 | 90 | 22000 | 1600 | 3300 | 710 | 6700 | 350 | 1000 | 150 |
4 | 51 | 250 | 400 | 180 | 13000 | 130 | 22000 | 2000 | 3300 | 820 | 6700 | 400 | 1000 | 120 |
5 | 159 | 250 | 340 | 10080 | 13000 | 40 | 22000 | 1200 | 3300 | 410 | 6700 | 290 | 1000 | 50 |
6 | 176 | 250 | 310 | 960 | 13000 | 40 | 22000 | 930 | 3300 | 420 | 6700 | 460 | 1000 | 50 |
7 | 159 | 250 | 340 | 10 | 13000 | 330 | 22000 | 3600 | 3300 | 590 | 6700 | 830 | 1000 | 150 |
8 | 126 | 200 | 330 | 100 | 12000 | 190 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
9 | 115 | 200 | 400 | 60 | 16000 | 980 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
10 | 113 | 200 | 370 | 100 | 12000 | 450 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
11 | 90 | 150 | 370 | 240 | 16000 | 670 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
12 | 84 | 150 | 340 | 1740 | 12000 | 270 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
13 | 67 | 150 | 350 | 180 | 12000 | 890 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
- 未测定
Claims (7)
1.一种提纯蜜胺的方法,该方法包括,将含杂质的蜜胺在氨分压为150-400巴和温度范围在280-430℃的条件下保持5分钟至20小时,然后将反应容器首先迅速冷却至室温、然后减压,或者同时冷却和减压,由此得到粉末形式的纯蜜胺。
2.根据权利要求1的方法,其中将蜜胺保持在蜜胺的熔点至400℃之间的温度范围。
3.根据权利要求1的方法,其中氨分压设定在至高达360巴。
4.根据权利要求1的方法,其中停留时间是10分钟至多10小时。
5.根据权利要求1的方法,其中将所述方法与蜜胺的制备方法连接。
6.根据权利要求1的方法,其中将所述方法与从尿素制备蜜胺的高压方法连接。
7.根据权利要求1的方法,其中将所述方法与高压方法的处理步骤的下游连接,其中处理步骤包括步骤(a)从液体蜜胺中除去在尿素转化中得到的NH3/CO2气体混合物和/或(b)通过引入NH3降低溶解在蜜胺中的二氧化碳量。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT0018695A AT402296B (de) | 1995-02-03 | 1995-02-03 | Verfahren zur reinigung von melamin |
ATA186/95 | 1995-02-03 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN1172480A true CN1172480A (zh) | 1998-02-04 |
Family
ID=3483772
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN96191742A Pending CN1172480A (zh) | 1995-02-03 | 1996-01-08 | 提纯蜜胺的方法 |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0807107A1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JPH11506415A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR19980701828A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1172480A (zh) |
AT (1) | AT402296B (zh) |
BR (1) | BR9607332A (zh) |
HR (1) | HRP960044A2 (zh) |
IL (1) | IL117016A0 (zh) |
NZ (1) | NZ298425A (zh) |
PL (1) | PL321596A1 (zh) |
TW (1) | TW305838B (zh) |
WO (1) | WO1996023778A1 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (20)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AT403579B (de) * | 1995-12-07 | 1998-03-25 | Agrolinz Melamin Gmbh | Verfahren zur herstellung von hochreinem melamin |
NL1003105C2 (nl) * | 1996-05-14 | 1997-11-18 | Dsm Nv | Werkwijze voor de bereiding van melamine. |
NL1003328C2 (nl) * | 1996-06-13 | 1997-12-17 | Dsm Nv | Werkwijze voor het bereiden van melamine. |
NL1003709C2 (nl) | 1996-07-30 | 1998-02-05 | Dsm Nv | Werkwijze voor het bereiden van melamine. |
NL1006095C2 (nl) * | 1997-05-21 | 1998-11-25 | Dsm Nv | Werkwijze voor het bereiden van melamine. |
WO1998052928A1 (en) | 1997-05-21 | 1998-11-26 | Dsm N.V. | Method for preparing melamine |
JP2002500664A (ja) | 1997-05-28 | 2002-01-08 | ディーエスエム エヌ.ブイ. | メラミンの製造法 |
NL1006147C2 (nl) * | 1997-05-28 | 1998-12-01 | Dsm Nv | Werkwijze voor het bereiden van melamine. |
JP2002502416A (ja) * | 1997-06-02 | 2002-01-22 | ディーエスエム エヌ.ブイ. | メラミンの製造法 |
CA2291627C (en) | 1997-06-02 | 2008-12-09 | Dsm N.V. | Crystalline melamine |
NL1006192C2 (nl) * | 1997-06-02 | 1998-12-03 | Dsm Nv | Werkwijze voor het bereiden van melamine. |
NL1008571C2 (nl) * | 1998-03-12 | 1999-07-28 | Dsm Nv | Kristallijn melamine. |
TR200101341T2 (tr) | 1998-11-13 | 2001-11-21 | Agrolinz Melamin Gmbh | Saf melamin üretimine yönelik yöntem |
AU758664B2 (en) | 1998-12-23 | 2003-03-27 | Agrolinz Melamin Gmbh | Method for purifying melamine |
NL1013217C2 (nl) * | 1999-10-05 | 2001-04-06 | Dsm Nv | Werkwijze voor de bereiding van melamine. |
NL1013456C2 (nl) * | 1999-11-02 | 2001-05-03 | Dsm Nv | Kristallijn melamine en de toepassing in aminoformaldehydeharsen. |
IT1315255B1 (it) * | 1999-11-16 | 2003-02-03 | Eurotecnica Dev And Licensing | Procedimento di purificazione della melammina. |
US20030028020A1 (en) * | 2001-07-27 | 2003-02-06 | Gupta Ram B. | Process for the synthesis of high purity melamine |
KR20050025132A (ko) | 2001-11-16 | 2005-03-11 | 아엠이-아그로린츠 멜라민 인터내셔날 게엠베하 | 멜렘-비함유 멜라민의 제조 방법 및 냉각기 |
DE102004018784A1 (de) | 2004-04-14 | 2005-11-03 | Ami-Agrolinz Melamine International Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von reinem Melamin |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3116294A (en) * | 1963-12-31 | Process- for preparing high-purity melamine from urea | ||
GB800722A (en) * | 1955-03-12 | 1958-09-03 | Montedison Spa | Improvements in the production of melamine from urea |
DE1217964B (de) * | 1961-07-13 | 1966-06-02 | Allied Chem | Verfahren zur Gewinnung von reinem Melamin |
DE1695564A1 (de) * | 1966-07-22 | 1971-05-06 | Nissan Chemical Ind Ltd | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Melamin hoher Reinheit |
US3637686A (en) * | 1969-02-10 | 1972-01-25 | Nissan Chemical Ind Ltd | Process for recovering purified melamine |
DE2522233A1 (de) * | 1975-05-20 | 1976-12-02 | Bollmann L Kg | Maschine zum stapeln von flaechigen gegenstaenden, insbesondere brettern |
IT1270577B (it) * | 1993-02-22 | 1997-05-06 | Wladimiro Bizzotto | Reattore melamina ad alta pressione |
FI96028C (fi) * | 1993-07-01 | 1996-04-25 | Kemira Oy | Menetelmä melamiinin valmistamiseksi |
-
1995
- 1995-02-03 AT AT0018695A patent/AT402296B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-12-13 TW TW084113280A patent/TW305838B/zh active
-
1996
- 1996-01-08 JP JP8523198A patent/JPH11506415A/ja active Pending
- 1996-01-08 NZ NZ298425A patent/NZ298425A/en unknown
- 1996-01-08 EP EP96900304A patent/EP0807107A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1996-01-08 BR BR9607332A patent/BR9607332A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1996-01-08 KR KR1019970705225A patent/KR19980701828A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1996-01-08 CN CN96191742A patent/CN1172480A/zh active Pending
- 1996-01-08 PL PL96321596A patent/PL321596A1/xx unknown
- 1996-01-08 WO PCT/EP1996/000045 patent/WO1996023778A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1996-01-30 HR HRA186/95A patent/HRP960044A2/hr not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1996-02-02 IL IL11701696A patent/IL117016A0/xx unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO1996023778A1 (de) | 1996-08-08 |
JPH11506415A (ja) | 1999-06-08 |
AT402296B (de) | 1997-03-25 |
EP0807107A1 (de) | 1997-11-19 |
IL117016A0 (en) | 1996-06-18 |
HRP960044A2 (en) | 1997-12-31 |
KR19980701828A (ko) | 1998-06-25 |
TW305838B (zh) | 1997-05-21 |
NZ298425A (en) | 1999-04-29 |
ATA18695A (de) | 1996-08-15 |
PL321596A1 (en) | 1997-12-08 |
BR9607332A (pt) | 1997-11-25 |
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