CN117243041A - Regular multi-ripe fruit tree cultivation method from top to bottom from early ripening to late ripening - Google Patents
Regular multi-ripe fruit tree cultivation method from top to bottom from early ripening to late ripening Download PDFInfo
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- CN117243041A CN117243041A CN202311158227.4A CN202311158227A CN117243041A CN 117243041 A CN117243041 A CN 117243041A CN 202311158227 A CN202311158227 A CN 202311158227A CN 117243041 A CN117243041 A CN 117243041A
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- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 230000005070 ripening Effects 0.000 title claims description 8
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000000243 photosynthetic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- RMOGWMIKYWRTKW-UONOGXRCSA-N (S,S)-paclobutrazol Chemical compound C([C@@H]([C@@H](O)C(C)(C)C)N1N=CN=C1)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 RMOGWMIKYWRTKW-UONOGXRCSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005985 Paclobutrazol Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000006040 Prunus persica var persica Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 12
- 244000144730 Amygdalus persica Species 0.000 abstract description 9
- 244000018633 Prunus armeniaca Species 0.000 abstract description 6
- 235000009827 Prunus armeniaca Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 240000005809 Prunus persica Species 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000021018 plums Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000220225 Malus Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000021016 apples Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000005660 Abamectin Substances 0.000 description 2
- TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbendazim Natural products C1=CC=C2NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000006041 Prunus persica f compressa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000006522 Prunus persica f. compressa Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000010724 Wisteria floribunda Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- RRZXIRBKKLTSOM-XPNPUAGNSA-N avermectin B1a Chemical compound C1=C[C@H](C)[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)O[C@]11O[C@H](C\C=C(C)\[C@@H](O[C@@H]2O[C@@H](C)[C@H](O[C@@H]3O[C@@H](C)[C@H](O)[C@@H](OC)C3)[C@@H](OC)C2)[C@@H](C)\C=C\C=C/2[C@]3([C@H](C(=O)O4)C=C(C)[C@@H](O)[C@H]3OC\2)O)C[C@H]4C1 RRZXIRBKKLTSOM-XPNPUAGNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbendazim Chemical compound C1=C[CH]C2=NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006013 carbendazim Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012907 honey Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of fruit tree cultivation, in particular to a method for cultivating a regular multi-ripe fruit tree from top to bottom, which comprises the steps of grafting fruit tree buds from bottom to top, and flowering and fruiting in advance for 1-2 years compared with the traditional method for grafting the buds upwards, so that the cost of pruning and pulling branches in the field is reduced, the branches of fruits are prevented from being crushed again, and the harvesting period of easy-rotten fruits such as peaches, apricots, plums and the like is greatly prolonged. The near supply of photosynthetic products accords with scientific rules, the distance between the fruit branches is not more than four, the fruit-leaf ratio is multiplied, the photosynthetic products such as peach stock 6 have varieties with the fruit-leaf ratio multiplied by one, the 7-month variety with the fruit-leaf ratio multiplied by 2, the 8-month variety with the fruit-leaf ratio multiplied by 3 and the 9-11-month variety with the fruit-leaf ratio multiplied by 4, which is an international technological breakthrough which cannot be made by any domestic and foreign fruit tree technology at present.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fruit tree cultivation, in particular to a regular multi-ripe fruit tree cultivation method from top to bottom from early ripe fruit trees to late ripeness fruit trees.
Background
The traditional fruit tree planting method generally only has one variety of yield, quality and short-term time market fluctuation and large income are not guaranteed, the existing fruit trees are destroyed and changed into other plants, the development of fruit industry in China is seriously influenced, the benefits of fruit farmers are damaged, a plurality of fruit trees are also traditional, the fruit trees are generally different varieties of late-maturing varieties but are not maturing more and can not be matured once a month, the scientific rule of improving the yield and the quality of the fruit trees is not met, the effect of increasing the yield and improving the quality of the fruit trees is not obvious, and the effect of improving the yield and the quality of the fruit is not achieved by exceeding the supply distance of leaves.
Accordingly, there is a need for an improvement that overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art, and provides a method for cultivating regular multi-ripe fruit trees from top to bottom from early ripe to late ripeness, which reduces the cost of pruning and pulling branches in the field, prevents fruits from being crushed again and broken fruit branches, and prolongs the harvest period of easy rotten fruits such as peaches, apricots and plums.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a method for cultivating regular multi-ripe fruit trees from early ripening to late ripening from bottom to top comprises the following steps:
(1) Orderly arranged from early maturing to late maturing from bottom to top:
the regular multi-ripe fruit trees which fall down accord with the near supply of scientific regulation photosynthetic products and the fruit-leaf ratio are multiplied, the yield of the fruit trees is increased by 30% -100%, the quality is improved by more than 95%, and the organic matter content is improved, so that the taste is better;
(2) The variety with the best quality in the same period is selected for integration, and is not a common variety;
(3) The variety strain with the stock growing faster than the scion must be selected:
the scion grows fast, and the scion dies after 3-4 years of growth incompatibility, so that a variety strain with the growth of the scion faster than that of the scion must be selected;
(4) The stock grows for no more than 2 years;
(5) The leaf-fruit ratio is multiplied and enlarged, the photosynthesis product is multiplied, and the photosynthesis product can act near supply;
(6) The stock must be aesthetically pleasing and disease free;
(7) Spraying paclobutrazol on the root stock for 7 months and 8 months at the bottom for height control and thickening;
(8) The grafting bud of the mature variety before 9 months is downwards sagged and grows opposite to the traditional grafting direction, and the mature variety grows upwards after 10 months.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the method for cultivating the regular multi-ripe fruit trees from top to bottom from early ripe to late ripeness, the fruit tree buds are grafted reversely, the flowering and fruiting can be advanced by 1-2 years compared with the traditional method for grafting the buds upwards, the field pruning and branch pulling cost is reduced, the fruit branches are prevented from being crushed again, and the picking period of easy rotten fruits such as peaches, apricots, plums and the like is greatly prolonged. The near supply of photosynthetic products accords with scientific rules, the distance between the fruit branches is not more than four, the fruit-leaf ratio is multiplied, the photosynthetic products such as peach stock 6 have varieties with the fruit-leaf ratio multiplied by one, the 7-month variety with the fruit-leaf ratio multiplied by 2, the 8-month variety with the fruit-leaf ratio multiplied by 3 and the 9-11-month variety with the fruit-leaf ratio multiplied by 4, which is an international technological breakthrough which cannot be made by any domestic and foreign fruit tree technology at present.
The yield of the combined fruit trees is increased by 30% -100%, the quality is improved, more than 95% is the first-grade fruit, the organic matter content is improved, the taste is better, and other fruits are continuously ripe from bottom to top, for example, apples; the last is 6 months mature, then 7 months mature, 8 months mature, 9 months mature, the previous grafting bud is downward, the grafting bud is upward for 10 months, and the fruit is fruiting to spring festival.
The method has a larger effect on the easy rotten fruits, for example, one apricot variety is ripe in unified time, because the single plant is high in yield, and the yield is over 100 kg in courtyard planting, the rotten fruits pollute the environment, flies fly over the sky, the harvesting time of the multi-ripe fruit trees can be prolonged by 2-3 months, the economic benefit is improved, the fruit supply period is prolonged, and the difficulty of rotten fruits is solved.
Compared with the traditional method, the bud of the reverse grafting fruit tree can bloom and fruit in advance for 1-2 years, so that the cost of pruning and pulling branches in the field is reduced, and the fruit is prevented from being crushed again.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described in order to make the technical means, technical characteristics, objects and effects of the invention easy to understand.
Embodiment one:
by taking apples as an example, a late-maturing variety Fuji is selected as the stock, the diameter is not less than 2 cm, the plant height is not less than 150 cm, and the scion time is No. 8 and No. 20 in 2020. Scion, 7 months of the seedlings are selected from 7 months of the varieties of the celestial arts, 8 months of the varieties of the Gala, 9 months of the varieties of the red love, the grafting buds before the Qin honey are downward, 10 months of the seedlings are selected from red Fuji and Venetian yellow apples grafting buds upward, more than 6 seedlings are formed, and the yield is increased by more than 30% and the synergy is increased by more than 50%.
And (3) field management of the multi-ripe fruit trees:
(1) Applying base fertilizer, namely applying 25 kg of diammonium per mu, applying additional fertilizer at the bottom of 6 months, at the bottom of 7 months and at the bottom of 8 months, wherein the technical constraint that the transplanted fruit trees are not fertilized in the current year is broken;
(2) 1000 plants per mu are planted, and the films can not be timely discharged after the buds are planted in the year of 2021 and the month of 4;
(3) Watering, sowing and fully watering, namely watering once again for 15 days after sowing, watering every 20 days in the drought season in the 7 th early of 2021, and taking care of draining water in the rainy season;
(4) Pest control, spraying 1.8% avermectin once for No. 15 in 4 months in 2021, spraying once again for No. 10 and No. 10 in 6 months, spraying 800 times of carbendazim once after germination, and controlling diseases once.
Embodiment two:
the grafting time is according to the conventional fruit tree grafting time, the late-maturing Yimeng red peach winter peach is grafted as the root stock diameter, the thickness is not less than 2 cm, the plant height is not less than 150 cm, and the scion time is No. 8 month and 20 in 2020. Scion, grafting buds before selecting a apricot-rich garden red variety of 5 months, selecting a small red flat peach of 6 months, selecting a plum variety of 7 months, selecting a golden peach variety of 8 months and selecting a golden flat peach of 9 months are downward. The new century peach king of the subsequent variety grafting bud is upwards 10 months, the Yimeng red peach variety is selected for 11 months, the combined fruit seedling is composed of apricot, plum, peach and American prune, the yield is increased by more than 30%, and the efficiency is increased by more than 50%, so that the great breakthrough of the yield increase and efficiency increase of the fruit tree is not achieved by any technology at present.
And (3) field management of the multi-ripe fruit trees:
(1) Applying base fertilizer, namely applying 25 kg of diammonium per mu, applying additional fertilizer at the bottom of 6 months, at the bottom of 7 months and at the bottom of 8 months, wherein the technical constraint that the transplanted fruit trees are not fertilized in the current year is broken;
(2) The 1000 plants per mu are planted for 4 months in 2021, and the films can not be timely discharged after sprouting;
(3) Watering, sowing and fully watering, namely, watering once again for thoroughly watering the bottom water in 15 days after sowing, watering the peach trees again in the drought season in the 7 th early ten days of 2021 for fear of waterlogging, and paying attention to waterlogging in the rainy season;
(4) Spraying 1.8% avermectin once for 2021, 4-month 15, and spraying 800 times of carbendazim once for controlling diseases after germination in 6-month 10 and 7-month 10.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Equivalent changes and modifications of the invention are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. The method for cultivating the regular multi-ripe fruit trees from early ripening to late ripening from bottom to top is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) Orderly arranged from early maturing to late maturing from bottom to top:
the regular multi-ripe fruit trees which fall down accord with the near supply of scientific regulation photosynthetic products and the fruit-leaf ratio are multiplied, the yield of the fruit trees is increased by 30% -100%, the quality is improved by more than 95%, and the organic matter content is improved, so that the taste is better;
the variety with the best quality in the same period is selected for integration, and is not a common variety;
the variety strain with the stock growing faster than the scion must be selected:
the scion grows fast, and the scion dies after 3-4 years of growth incompatibility, so that a variety strain with the growth of the scion faster than that of the scion must be selected;
the stock grows for no more than 2 years;
the leaf-fruit ratio is multiplied and enlarged, the photosynthesis product is multiplied, and the photosynthesis product can act near supply;
the stock must be aesthetically pleasing and disease free;
spraying paclobutrazol on the root stock for 7 months and 8 months at the bottom for height control and thickening;
the grafting bud of the mature variety before 9 months is downwards sagged and grows opposite to the traditional grafting direction, and the mature variety grows upwards after 10 months.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311158227.4A CN117243041A (en) | 2023-09-08 | 2023-09-08 | Regular multi-ripe fruit tree cultivation method from top to bottom from early ripening to late ripening |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311158227.4A CN117243041A (en) | 2023-09-08 | 2023-09-08 | Regular multi-ripe fruit tree cultivation method from top to bottom from early ripening to late ripening |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117243041A true CN117243041A (en) | 2023-12-19 |
Family
ID=89132298
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311158227.4A Pending CN117243041A (en) | 2023-09-08 | 2023-09-08 | Regular multi-ripe fruit tree cultivation method from top to bottom from early ripening to late ripening |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN117243041A (en) |
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2023
- 2023-09-08 CN CN202311158227.4A patent/CN117243041A/en active Pending
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